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 Type I

HypersensitivityDian Wijayanti

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Type 1Hypersensitivity

The immediatephase of type 1hypersensitivity(Acute Response)

The late phase oftype 1hypersensitivity.(Late-phase

Response)

Immediatehypersensitvity orAtopic, Anaphylacticor Reagenic Allergy.

Happens withinseconds-minutes,there iseposure to active

antigen, involvesmast cell activationand degranulation,results in localin!ammation

caused "y histaminerelease #rom mastcells

Happens within $hrs-days, noeposure to activeantigen, eosinophils

are recruited,results in edemaand tissue damagecaused "y perpetualdegranulation

%econd-minutes $-$& hours

re'uires Ig( which

sensiti)es mast cellsand "aso hils.

Associates with *-

cell anti"odyroduction o# I (

Associated with

mast cell cyto+inesand white "lood

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Type I Hypersensitivity

%um"er http//vet.uga.edu/ivcvm/courses/01AT2$33/345in!ammation/365imi/images/type

7.jpg

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 Type I Hypersensitivity

 The reaction is mediated "yproduction o# Ig "y plasma cellsin response to certain antigens.

Ig( !inds to mast cell and!asophil 8c receptors.

 Type I reactions can "e locali"edallergic reactions orgenerali"ed anaphyla#is

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 These cells are now speci9callysensiti)ed to a given antigen, and

upon re-e#posure to theantigen, Ig !inds the antigencausing immediate degranulation,

and synthesis of inammatorymediators by mast cells as shownin the animation "elow.

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Histamine, heparin and serotonin arepre#ormed in mast cell granules.

 There#ore, they are released

immediately upon degranulation causingvasodilatation and increasingvasopermea!ility.

Individuals with atopy :asthma, ec)ema,urticaria, hay #ever; produce higher levelso# Ig( to speci9c antigens when comparedto normal individuals.

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Anaphyla#is

%ystemic anaphylais occurs when antigen issystemically distri"uted in a highly sensiti)edindividual.

It is a generali)ed reaction mediated "y mast celland "asophil granule release.

 The reaction is characteri)ed "y smooth musclecontraction in lungs and gut, vasodilatation,

increased vascular permea"ility, hypotension,vasomotor collapse, and pooling o# "lood in shoc+organs.

Initial vasoconstriction is #ollowed "y vasodilatation.

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