Laporan Kemajuan Proses Penelitian

7/25/2019 Laporan Kemajuan Proses Penelitian

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Kode/ Rumpun Ilmu: 395/Psikologi

LAPORAN KEMAJUAN PENELITIAN O!EN PEMULA

HUBUNGAN ASERTIVITAS DENGAN PROKRASTINASI AKADEMIK

PADA MAHASISWA FAKULTAS PSIKOLOGI

UNIVERSITAS WISNUWARDHANA MALANG

TIM PENGUSUL:

1. RAHMAWATI, S.Psi., M.Comm. (Ketua) !"#$$%1

". NA&I'A AN&RME&A, S.Psi., M.Psi (A**ota) NI&N. !%++$

AKULTAS PSIKLGI

UNI-ERSITAS WISNUWAR&HANA MALANG

"1/"1#

BAB I

1


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PENDAHULUAN

A. Latar Belakang

Mem"suki e#" $eknologi d"n glo%"lis"si& m"nusi" di$un$u$ un$uk d"p"$

menggun"k"n '"k$u deng"n e(ek$i( se)ingg" e(isiensi '"k$u men*"di s"ng"$

pen$ing& n"mun s"mp"i sek"#"ng m"si) di*ump"i ke$id"ksi"p"n d"l"m

mel"ks"n"k"n $un$u$"n $e#se%u$+ Mengulu# '"k$u d"n mel"kuk"n penund""n

$e#)"d"p $ug"s d"n ke'"*i%"n "d"l") s"l") s"$u ke$id"ksi"p"n ,"ng m"si) $e#*"di

sek"#"ng+ O#"ng ,"ng m"mpu mem"n(""$k"n '"k$u deng"n %"ik "k"n

mend"p"$k"n keun$ung"n ,"ng le%i) %"ik se-"#" (in"nsi"l "$"upun p#es$"si %en$uk

l"in *ik" dise#$"i deng"n kem"mpu"n un$uk men,"mp"ik"n d"n men"mpilk"n

m"ksud di#i deng"n pul"+ Time Menejemen d"n kem"mpu"n un$uk

men,"mp"ik"n pend"p"$ d"p"$ se-"#" "se#$i( mem%"n$u kesukses"n seseo#"ng

un$uk m"s" dep"nn," %"ik di duni" ke#*"& pendidik"n& pe#g"ul"n& %isnis& e$ik" d"n

%"n,"k -"kup"n l"in+

!eo#"ng m")"sis'" ,"ng mem"suki duni" pe#kuli")"n di$un$u$ un$uk

le%i) m"ndi#i d"l"m p#oses %el"*"# d"n pendidik"nn,"+ ."n,"k m")"sis'" ,"ng

meng"l"mi kesuli$"n d"l"m meng"m%il kepu$us"n $e#)"d"p %e#%"g"i $ug"s ,"ng

di%e#ik"n p"d" me#ek"& mem%elo$& p"si(& $"ku$ g"g"l& ingin nil"i ,"ng sempu#n"&

n"mun s"ng"$ m"l"s d"n ku#"ng %e#min"$ p"d" $ug"s$ug"s $e#se%u$+ K"#"k$e#is$ik

ini -ukup mem

.u#k" d"n 0uen&1923 mengemuk"k"n %")'" p#ok#"s$in"si $e#*"di p"d"

se$i"p indiidu $"np" mem"nd"ng usi"& *enis kel"min& "$"u s$"$usn," se%"g"i

peke#*" "$"u pel"*"#+ 4illi"m .u#k" d"n 0uen:1923 mempe#ki#"k"n %")'"

96 m")"sis'" d"#i pe#gu#u"n $inggi $el") men*"di seo#"ng p#ok#"s$in"$o#& 756

"d"l") o#"ng suk" menund" nund" k#onis d"n me#ek" "d"l") p"d" umumn,"%e#"k)i# mundu# d"#i pe#gu#u"n $inggi+

!olomon d"n Ro$)%lu:1928 mel"kuk"n peneli$i"n di s"l") s"$u Unie#si$"s

di Ame#ik" !e#ik"$ deng"n *uml") su%*ek se%"n,"k 377 o#"ng+ "$" p#ok#"s$in"si

$ug"s "k"demik $e#ungk"p %")'" 86 su%*ek peneli$i"n mel"kuk"n p#ok#"s$in"si

d"l"m menge#*"k"n $ug"s+

Rii& dkk 199; *ug" mel"kuk"n peneli$i"n mengen"i p#ok#"s$in"si

"k"demik di$in*"u d"#i pus"$ kend"li d"n e(ik"si di#i p"d" 111 M")"sis'"

Psikologi Unie#si$"s


3/28

7&326 m")"sis'" $el") mel"kuk"n p#ok#"s$in"si "k"demik d"n did"p"$

)u%ung"n posi$i( "n$"#" p#ok#"s$in"si "k"demik deng"n pus"$ kend"li eks$e#n"l+

!olomon d"n Ro$)%lum >d"l"m Rumi"ni& 7+ )+ 3;? mengungk"pk"n

%")'" indik"si penund""n "k"demik "d"l") m"s" s$udi 5 $")un "$"u le%i)+

Menu#u$ d"$" In(o#m"si M")"sis'" d"n Lulus"n ,"ng dipe#ole) d"#i .i#o

Adminis$#"si d"n Kem")"sis'""n Unie#si$"s 4isnu'"#d)"n" M"l"ng& p"d"

*en*"ng p#og#"m !1 %")'" lulus"n Psikologi d"#i $")un "*"#"n 77/73

s"mp"i $")un "*"#"n 78/75 dike$")ui l"m" s$udi #"$"#"$" "d"l") 5 $")un 1

%ul"n& d"n 5 $")un 11 %ul"n+ Kondisi demiki"n men*"dik"n m")"sis'"

("kul$"s psikologi d"p"$ dik"$"k"n se%"g"i p#ok#"s$in"$o# "k"demik+

.e#d"s"#k"n d"$" ,"ng dipe#ole) di pe#pus$"k""n ("kul$"s psikologiUnie#si$"s 4isnu'"#d)"n" M"l"ng& m")"sis'" mel"kuk"n p#ok#"s$in"si s""$

pengem%"li"n %uku pin*"m"n d"n kun-i loke#+ "$" d"#i T"$" Us")" @"kul$"s

Psikologi Unie#si$"s 4isnu'"#d)"n" M"l"ng *ug" men,e%u$k"n %")'"

m")"sis'" mel"kuk"n p#ok#"s$in"si s""$ peng"m%il"n k"#$u u*i"n d"n

peng"m%il"n K"#$u Ren-"n" !$udi >KR!?+ P#ok#"s$in"si peng"m%il"n KR!

%i"s"n," dil"kuk"n ole) m")"sis'" $ingk"$ "k)i#+ M")"sis'" $ingk"$ "k)i#

mel"kuk"n p#ok#"s$in"si deng"n "l"s"n )"n," meng"m%il sediki$ m"$" kuli")

d"n sk#ipsi se)ingg" me#ek" $id"k $e#l"lu memiki#k"n *"d'"l pe#kuli")"n+

Kondisi $e#se%u$ didukung d"#i )"sil '"'"n-"#" $e#)"d"p m")"sis'"

("kul$"s psikologi Unie#si$"s 4isnu'"#d)"n" M"l"ng& dipe#ole) in(o#m"si

%")'" m")"sis'" *"#"ng "d" ,"ng men,"d"#i d"n meng"ngg"p p#ok#"s$in"si

se%"g"i sesu"$u ,"ng '"*"#+ Pen,e%"% m")"sis'" menund" "d"l") $id"k "d"n,"

sem"ng"$ menge#*"k"n $ug"s kuli") k"#en" *udul ,"ng did"p"$ ku#"ng -o-ok

deng"n di#in,"& sus") mend"p"$k"n %uku u$"m" d"n %uku pendukung $ug"s

kuli")& #"s" $"ku$ %e#$emu dosen s""$ m"u %e#konsul$"si& m"lu un$uk %e#$"n,"&

d"n m"l"s menge#*"k"nn,"+

!olomon d"n Ro$)%lum >Tu-km"n& 77? mengemuk"k"n %")'"

p#ok#"s$in"si "d"l") su"$u ke-ende#ung"n un$uk menund" d"l"m memul"i

m"upun men,eles"ik"n kine#*" se-"#" keselu#u)"n un$uk mel"kuk"n "k$ii$"s

l"in , " n g $id"k %e#gun"& se)ingg" kine#*" men*"di $e#)"m%"$& $id"k pe#n")

men,eles"ik"n $ug"s $ep"$ '"k$u& se#$" se#ing $e#l"m%"$ d"l"m pe#kuli")"n+

3


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Ellis d"n Kn"us >d"l"m Rumi"ni& 7& )+ 32? menemuk"n %")'" )"mpi# ;6

m")"sis'" mel"kuk"n p#ok#"s$in"si+

="sil peneli$i"n @e##"#i d"n Ollie$e >7;? menemuk"n %")'" $ingk"$

peng"su)"n o$o#i$e# ",") men,e%"%k"n mun-uln," ke-ende#ung"n pe#il"ku

p#ok#"s$in"si+ .e#%ed" deng"n peng"su)"n o$o#i$e#& o#"ng$u" ,"ng mendidik

"n"kn," deng"n demok#"$is "k"n men,e%"%k"n $im%uln," sik"p "se#$i( k"#en"

"n"k me#"s" di%e#i ke%e%"s"n d"l"m mengeksp#esik"n di#i se)ingg"

memun-ulk"n #"s" pe#-"," di#i+ !eseo#"ng dik"$"k"n "se#$i( )"n," *ik" di#in,"

m"mpu %e#sik"p $ulus d"n *u*u# d"l"m mengeksp#esik"n pe#"s""n& piki#"n d"n

p"nd"ng"nn," p"d" pi)"k l"in se)ingg" $id"k me#ugik"n "$"u meng"n-"m

in$eg#i$"s pi)"k l"in+

Ide"ln," seo#"ng m")"sis'" ,"ng sud") mem"suki $")"p pe#kem%"ng"n

de'"s" "'"l sud") memiliki kem"mpu"n %e#piki# d"l"m memem-")k"n m"s"l")+

Us")" menemuk"n s"s"#"n peme-")"n ,"ng ide"l& %e#piki# k#i$is& d"n m"mpu

meng"n"lis" d"n men-"#i solusi ,"ng $ep"$ deng"n kem"mpu"n "se#$i( ,"ng "k"n

s"ng"$ %e#gun" d"l"m pe#*"l"n"n me#ek" men*"l"ni $"n$"ng"n di m"s" sek"#"ng d"n

m"s" dep"n+ !eseo#"ng dik"$"k"n "se#$i( )"n," *ik" di#in," m"mpu %e#sik"p $ulus

d"n *u*u# d"l"m mengeksp#esik"n pe#"s""n& piki#"n d"n p"nd"ng"nn," p"d" pi)"k

l"in se)ingg" $id"k me#ugik"n "$"u meng"n-"m in$eg#i$"s pi)"k l"in+

M")"sis'" ,"ng memiliki "se#$ii$"s -ende#ung d"p"$ %eke#*" s"m" d"n

d"p"$ %e#kem%"ng un$uk men-"p"i $u*u"n ,"ng le%i) %"ik& $ingk"$ sensi$ii$"s

,"ng dimiliki -ukup $inggi se)ingg" i" d"p"$ mem%"-" si$u"si ,"ng $e#*"di di

sekelilingn," d"n memud")k"nn," un$uk menemp"$k"n di#i d"n mel"kuk"n

"k$ii$"sn," se-"#" s$#"$egis& $e#"#")& d"n $e#kend"li m"n$"p sed"ngk"n m")"sis'"

,"ng ku#"ng "se#$i( "k"n meng"l"mi kesuli$"n d"l"m menemp"$k"n di#in," d"l"m

ke)idup"nn,"& -ende#ung p"si(& $id"k m"u memin$" pe#$olong"n& $id"k %is"

mengeksp#esik"n keingin"n ,"ng "d" d"l"m pe#"s""n," se)ingg" $ug"s$ug"s

,"ng di%e#ik"n $id"k d"p"$ dike#*"k"n d"n mel"kuk"n p#ok#"s$in"si+


5/28

nund" d"l"m mengumpulk"n $ug"s "$"pun men,eles"ik"n s$udi me#ek" $ep"$

'"k$u+

B. Ruu!an Ma!ala"

Ap"k") "d" )u%ung"n "n$"#" "se#$ii$"s deng"n p#ok#"s$in"si "k"demik p"d"

M")"sis'" @"kul$"s Psikologi Unie#si$"s 4isnu'"#d)"n" M"l"ng

#. Tu$uan Penel%t%an

Mengu*i "d"n," )u%ung"n "n$"#" "se#$ii$"s deng"n p#ok#"s$in"si

"k"demik p"d" M")"sis'" @"kul$"s Psikologi Unie#si$"s 4isnu'"#d)"n"

M"l"ng+

D. Man&aat Penel%t%anPeneli$i"n ini di)"#"pk"n %e#m"n(""$ se-"#" $eo#i$is d"l"m %id"ng ilmu

Psikologi Pendidik"n d"n se-"#" p#"k$is d"p"$ mem%e#i in(o#m"si d"n g"m%"#"n

mengen"i pe#il"ku p#ok#"s$in"si "k"demik di$in*"u d"#i "se#$ii$"s %"gi

m")"sis'" d"n pen,elengg"#" @"kul$"s Psikologi Unie#si$"s 4isnu'"#d)"n"

M"l"ng+

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BAB II

TIN'AUAN PUSTAKA

A. Pr(ka!t%na!% Aka)e%k

P#ok#"s$in"si "k"demik "d"l") penund""n ,"ng dil"kuk"n se-"#" seng"*" d"n

%e#ul"ngul"ng d"l"m men,eles"ik"n su"$u $ug"s "$"u peke#*""n& %"ik

memul"i m"upun men,eles"ik"n $ug"s ,"ng %e#)u%ung"n deng"n

%id"ng "k"demik+

Menu#u$ @e##"#i dkk >1995& )+ 137? %en$uk%en$uk p#ok#"s$in"si "d" du"

,"i$u : >"? P#ok#"s$in"si @ungsion"l (Functional Procrastination)& d"n >%?

P#ok#"s$in"si is(ungsion"l (Disfunctional Procrastination)+Menu#u$

!-)ou'en%u#g >d"l"m @e##"#i dkk& 1995& )+ ;28? indik"$o# p#ok#"s$in"si"k"demik "d"l") se%"g"i %e#iku$ : >"? Penund""n pel"ks"n""n $ug"s $ug"s

"k"demik& >%? Kel"m%"n"n d"n ke$e#l"m%"$"n d"l"m menge#*"k"n $ug"s

"k"demik& >-? Ke$id"ksesu"i"n "n$"#" #en-"n" deng"n pe#(o#m"nsi "k$u"l& d"n

>d? Mel"kuk"n "k$ii$"s l"in ,"ng le%i) men,en"ngk"n+

Indik"$o# p#ok#"s$in"si "k"demik "d"l") $e#l"m%"$ menge#*"k"n $ug"s&

$id"k mel"ks"n"k"n $ug"s deng"n seng"*"+ men,eles"ik"n $ug"s n"mun $id"k

$un$"s& mengulu# '"k$u d"l"m menge#*"k"n $ug"s& men,eles"ik"n $ug"s

n"mun $id"k sesu"i #en-"n"& d"n menge#*"k"n $ug"s d"l"m '"k$u l"m"+

!olomon d"n Ro$)%lum >1928& )+ 58? se-"#" le%i) *el"s mem%"gi kine#*"

$ug"s "k"demik d"l"m %e%e#"p" "#e" ,"ng le%i) spesi(ik ,"i$u : >"? Tug"s

meng"#"ng& >%? Tug"s %el"*"# meng)"d"pi u*i"n& >-? Tug"s mem%"-"& >d? Tug"s

"dminis$#"$i(& >e? Meng)"di#i pe#$emu"n "k"demik& d"n >(? Pe#(o#m"nsi

$ug"s "k"demik se-"#" keselu#u)"n+

@#iend >Timpe& 1999& )+381? %e#pend"p"$ %")'" p#ok#"s$in"si dipeng"#u)i

("k$o#("k$o# se%"g"i %e#iku$: >"? Tid"k ,"kin di#i& >%? Tole#"nsi (#us$#"si ,"ng

#end")& >-? Menun$u$ kesempu#n""n& >d? Pe#%ed""n *enis kel"min& d"n >e?

P"nd"ng"n ("$"lis$ik .#"id >Timpe& 1999? *ug" mengemuk"k"n %")'"

p#ok#"s$in"si d"p"$ dipeng"#u)i ("k$o#("k$o# se%"g"i %e#iku$: >"? Ke#umi$"n& >%?

Ke$"ku$"n

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Menu#u$ .u#k" d"n 0uen >1923? $e#%en$ukn," $ingk") l"ku p#ok#"s$in"si

dipeng"#u)i ole) ("k$o#("k$o# "n$"#" l"in : ke-em"s"n $e#)"d"p e"lu"si ,"ng

"k"n di%e#ik"n& kesuli$"n d"l"m meng"m%il kepu$us"n& pem%e#on$"k"n $e#)"d"p

kon$#ol d"#i (igu# o$o#i$"s& ku#"ngn," $un$u$"n d"#i $ug"s& s$"nd"# ,"ng $e#l"lu

$inggi mengen"i kem"mpu"n indiidu+

Pe#il"ku meng)ind"#i $ug"s ,"ng dil"kuk"n m")"sis'" deng"n menol"k "$"u

engg"n menge#*"k"n $ug"s "k"demis $e#se%u$ "k"n mem%en$uk pe#il"ku menund"

menund" penge#*""n $ug"s "k"demis >!olomon B Ro$)%lum& 1928?+ Pe#il"ku

menund"nund" penge#*""n $ug"s "k"demis d"l"m Psikologi diken"l deng"n is$il")

p#ok#"s$in"si "k"demik >Al,n"& 78C !olomon B Ro$)%lum& 1928?+ ="l ini

dipe#*el"s deng"n pe#n,"$""n Ro$)%lum >@e##"#i dkk+& 1995? ,"ng mengemuk"k"n%")'" peng)ind"#"n $ug"s me#up"k"n -on$o) d"#i p#ok#"s$in"si "k"demik& se#$"

pend"p"$ @e##"#i dkk+ >1995? ,"ng men,e%u$k"n %")'" ke-ende#ung"n mel"kuk"n

pe#il"ku peng)ind"#"n $e#)"d"p si$u"si s$#ess(ul se-"#" $e#usmene#us& kemungkin"n

%es"# me#up"k"n -i#i-i#i pe#mul""n d"#i p#ok#"s$in"si se%"g"i se%u") -i#i

kep#i%"di"n ,"ng %e#l"ngsung se-"#" $e#usmene#us+

*. Bentuk Pr(ka!t%na!%

Menu#u$ Ellis d"n Kn"us >19;;? p#ok#"s$in"si me#up"k"n )"sil d"#i

pen,imp"ng"n kognisi& ,"i$u $e#%en$ukn," pol" piki# ,"ng s"l") d"n %en$uk

keg"g"l"n un$uk memul"i "$"u men,eles"ik"n $ug"s/"k$ii$"s ,"ng %e#k"i$"n

deng"n '"k$u ,"ng $e#%"$"s+ Ad"n," penund""n peke#*""n ,"ng %i"s" dil"kuk"n

seseo#"ng ini %e#k"i$"n deng"n %"$"s '"k$u ,"ng di$en$uk"n+ Ad" k"l"n,"

seseo#"ng menund"nund" menge#*"k"n sesu"$u )"n," k"#en" %"$"s '"k$u ,"ng

di$en$uk"n m"si) l"m"+ !eseo#"ng mel"kuk"n penund""n k"#en" "l"s"n un$uk

meng)ind"#i )"sil ,"ng %u#uk& se)ingg" p#ok#"s$in"si i$u d"p"$ %e#m"kn" posi$i(

m"upun neg"$i(+ P#ok#"s$in"si %is" %e#m"kn" posi$i( %il" penund""n i$u dil"kuk"n

un$uk meng)ind"#i kepu$us"n ,"ng impulsi( d"n $"np" pemiki#"n ,"ng m"$"ng&

d"n %is" pul" %e#m"kn" neg"$i( %il" i$u dil"kuk"n $"np" $u*u"n ,"ng p"s$i+

Menu#u$ @e##"#i >1995? p#ok#"s$in"si memiliki 7 %en$uk& ,"i$u:

*. P#ok#"s$in"si (ungsion"l& ,"i$u penund""n pel"ks"n""n $ug"s un$uk men-"#i

d"$" ,"ng le%i) lengk"p se)ingg" $ug"s ,"ng dike#*"k"n men*"di

sempu#n"+

+. P#ok#"s$in"si dis(ungsion"l ,"i$u penund""n pen,eles"i"n $ug"s $"np" "#")

7


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,"ng *el"s+ P#ok#"s$in"si ini me#up"k"n p#ok#"s$in"si ,"ng $id"k %e#gun"+

Rii >199;? men,e%u$k"n %")'" p#ok#"s$in"si dis(ungsion"l memiliki 7

m"-"m %en$uk ,"i$u:

a. P#ok#"s$in"si peng"m%il"n kepu$us"n (Decision Procrastination)

Penund""n d"l"m peng"m%il"n kepu$us"n+ Jenis p#ok#"s$in"si ini

me#up"k"n se%u") "n$eseden kogni$i( d"l"m menund" kine#*" gun"

meng)"d"pi si$u"si ,"ng dipe#sepsik"n penu) s$#es+

b. P#ok#"s$in"si pe#%u"$"n (Behavioral Procrastination)

Pe#il"ku $"mp"k (overt behavior) p#ok#"s$in"si+ Ke-ende#ung"n umum

un$uk menund" $ug"s se)"#i)"#i+ P#ok#"s$in"si pe#%u"$"n se#ing me#up"k"n

kel"n*u$"n p#ok#"s$in"si peng"m%il"n kepu$us"n+Menu#u$ @e##"#i >1995? p#ok#"s$in"si ini didug" d"#i 3 m"ni(es$"si pe#il"ku

,"i$u: >1? ke$id"k$ep"$"n '"k$u d"l"m pe#)"$i"n "$"u pe#il"kuC >7? pe#)"$i"n ,"ng

%e#)u%ung"n deng"n ke$id"ksesu"i"n pe#il"kuC >3? pili)"n un$uk %e#kompe$ensi+

P#ok#"s$in"si *ug" $e#%"gi men*"di du" ,"i$u academic procrastination ,"i$u

p#ok#"s$in"si d"l"m %id"ng "k"demik d"n !eneral procrastination ,"kni

penund""n d"l"m $ug"s se)"#i)"#i& mis"ln," $ug"s #um") $"ngg" d"n $ug"s

se)"#i)"#i+

!-)ou'en%u#g >@e##"#i& dkk& 1995? meng"$"k"n %")'" p#ok#"s$in"si

"k"demik se%"g"i su"$u pe#il"ku penund""n d"p"$ $e#m"ni(es$"si d"l"m indik"$o#

$e#$en$u ,"ng d"p"$ diuku# d"n di"m"$i+ Di#i-i#i $e#$en$u ,"ng "d" d"l"m

p#ok#"s$in"si "k"demik "d"l") :

*. Mengulu# '"k$u d"l"m menge#*"k"n $ug"s

Ad"n," penund""n un$uk memul"i m"upun men,eles"ik"n ke#*" p"d" $ug"

s

,"ng di)"d"pi+ !eo#"ng p#ok#"s$in"$o# $")u %")'" $ug"s ,"ng di)"d"pi )"#us

sege#" diseles"ik"n d"n %e#gun" %"gi di#in,"& "k"n $e$"pi di" menund"nund"

un$uk memul"i menge#*"k"nn," "$"u menund"nund" un$uk men,eles"ik"n

s"mp"i $un$"s *ik" i" sud") memul"i mengei*"k"n se%elumn,"+

+. Menge#*"k"n Tug"s "l"m 4"k$u L"m"

Kel"m%"n"n d"l"m menge#*"k"n $ug"s+ P#ok#"s$in"$o# meme#luk"n '"k$u

,"ng le%i) l"m" d"#i '"k$u ,"ng di%u$u)k"n o#"ng l"in p"d" umumn," d"l"m

men,eles"ik"n su"$u $ug"s+ ="l ini *ug" sesu"i deng"n ,"ng dikemuk"k"n

8


9/28

.u#k" d"n 0uen >1923? ,"ng mengemuk"k"n %")'" $e#d"p"$ "spek i#"sion"l

,"ng dimiliki p#ok#"s$in"$o#+ !eo#"ng p#ok#"s$in"$o# memiliki p"nd"ng"n

%")'" su"$u $ug"s )"#us diseles"ik"n deng"n sempu#n"& se)ingg" di" me#"s"

le%i) "m"n un$uk menund" peke#*""n un$uk mempe#ole) )"sil ,"ng

m"ksim"l+

,. Men,eles"ik"n Tug"s Tid"k !esu"i eng"n Ren-"n"

Kesen*"ng"n '"k$u "n$"#" #en-"n" d"n kine#*" in$elek$u"l+ P#ok#"s$in"$o#

me#"s" kesuli$"n un$uk mel"kuk"n sesu"$u ,"ng sesu"i deng"n %"$"s '"k$u

,"ng $el") di$en$uk"n se%elumn,"+ !eseo#"ng mungkin me#en-"n"k"n un$uk

memul"i menge#*"k"n $ug"s p"d" '"k$u ,"ng di$en$uk"n& "k"n $e$"pi )ingg"

%"$"s '"k$u ,"ng di$en$uk"nn," )"%is i" %elum *ug" mel"kuk"n peke#*""n$e#se%u$+ Penund""n ,"ng dil"kuk"n d"p"$ men,e%"%k"n keg"g"l"n d"n

ke$e#l"m%"$"n d"l"m mel"kuk"n $ug"s+

-. !eng"*" Tid"k Menge#*"k"n Tug"s

Mel"kuk"n "k$ii$"s l"in ,"ng le%i) men,en"ngk"n d"#ip"d" mel"kuk"n $ug"s

,"ng )"#us dike#*"k"n+ I" deng"n seng"*" menund" peke#*""nn," d"n

mel"kuk"n kegi"$"n l"in ,"ng men,en"ngk"n d"n mend"$"ngk"n )i%u#"n

sepe#$i menon$on $eleisi& mem%"-" ko#"n& mengo%#ol d"n *"l"n*"l"n+

. Menge#*"k"n Tug"s eng"n Ku#"ng Tun$"s

eng"n $ek"n"n d"n %"$"s '"k$u ,"ng $el") disi"si"k"n ole) seo#"ng

p#ok"s$in"$o# m"k" pen,eles"i"n $ug"s ,"ng dil"kuk"n )"n," seked"# "s"l

seles"i s"*" d"n ku#"ng mempe#)"$ik"n ku"li$"s d"#i peke#*""n "$"u $ug"s ,"ng

men*"di $"nggung *"'"% d"#i p#ok"s$in"$o# i$u sendi#i+

"#i u#"i"n di "$"s d"p"$ disimpulk"n %")'" p#ok#"s$in"si "k"demik "d"l")

penund""n d"l"m menge#*"k"n $ug"s ,"ng dil"kuk"n seseo#"ng se-"#" seng"*" d"n

%e#ul"ngul"ng $e#)"d"p $ug"s "k"demik sepe#$i menulis& %el"*"# d"l"m

meng)"d"pi u*i"n& mem%"-"& kine#*" "dminis$#"$i(& meng)"d"pi pe#$emu"n d"n

$ug"s "dminis$#"$i( se-"#" keselu#u)"n+

,. Fakt(r/&akt(r 0ang Me1engaru"% Pr(ka!t%na!% Aka)e%k

Menu#u$ @e##"#i >1995?& ("k$o#("k$o# ,"ng men,e%"%k"n $e#*"din,"

p#ok#"s$in"si "k"demik "d" du" m"-"m& ,"i$u ("k$o# d"#i d"l"m indiidu >in$e#n"l?

d"n ("k$o# d"#i lu"# indiidu >eks$e#n"l?+

1+ @"k$o# in$e#n"l

9


10/28

@"k$o# in$e#n"l ,"ng %e#"s"l d"#i d"l"m di#i sendi#i ,"i$u kondisi (isik

d"n kondisi psikologis indiidu+

"+ Kondisi (isik

Kondisi (isik seseo#"ng d"p"$ mem"-u $im%uln," p#ok#"s$in"si+

O#"ng deng"n kondisi (isik ,"ng ku#"ng se)"$ m"k" i" "k"n -ende#ung

m"l"s mel"kuk"n sesu"$u+ !e)ingg" i" memiliki "l"s"n un$uk menund"

nund" peke#*""nn,"+

%+ Kondisi psikologis

Kondisi psikologis ini $e#m"suk pol" kep#i%"di"n ,"ng dimiliki indiidu

,"ng iku$ mempeng"#u)i mun-uln," pe#il"ku penund""n&

mis"ln," trait kem"mpu"n sosi"l ,"ng $e#-e#min d"l"mself re!ulation d"n $ingk"$ ke-em"s"n d"l"m %e#)u%ung"n sosi"l+

!$#uk$u# kep#i%"di"n indiidu din,"$"k"n d"l"m si("$

si("$ (trait) d"n pe#il"ku dido#ong ole) si("$si("$

(trait). Trait"$"u si("$ kep#i%"di"n me#up"k"n o#g"nis"si psikologis ,"ng

"d" d"l"m se$i"p indiidu d"n s$#uk$u# kep#i%"di"n $e#di#i d"#i $ipe

kep#i%"di"n ,"ng me#up"k"n g"m%"#"n mengen"i si("$si("$ indiidu+

Mo$i"si in$#insik ,"ng dimiliki seseo#"ng "k"n mempeng"#u)i $e#*"di

"$"u $id"kn," p#ok#"s$in"si+ !em"kin $inggi mo$i"si ,"ng dimiliki

seseo#"ng d"l"m mel"ks"n"k"n $ug"s& m"k" "k"n sem"kin #end")

ke-ende#ung"n un$uk mel"kuk"n p#ok#"s$in"si >.#io#d,& d"l"m @e##"#i&

dkk& 1995?+ Aspek l"in d"l"m di#i indiidu ,"ng d"p"$ mempeng"#u)i

p#ok#"s$in"si "d"l") )"#g" di#i& e(ik"si

di#i& self conscious self controld"nself critical>@e##"#i& 1995?+

7+ @"k$o# eks$e#n"l

@"k$o# eks$e#n"l ,"ng d"p"$ mempeng"#u)i p#ok#"s$in"si "d"l") g","

peng"su)"n o#"ng $u"& kondisi lingkung"n ,"ng #end") peng"'"s"n (lenient

) se#$" kondisi lingkung"n ,"ng mend"s"#k"n p"d" )"sil "k)i#+

a.


11/28

pe#il"ku(avoidance procrastination)meng)"silk"n "n"k pe#empu"n ,"ng

memiliki ke-ende#ung"n mel"kuk"n p#ok#"s$in"si+

b. Kondisi lingkung"nlenient

P#ok#"s$in"si %"n,"k $e#*"di p"d" lingkung"n ,"ng #end") peng"'"s"n

d"#ip"d" lingkung"n ,"ng $inggi peng"'"s"n+

c. Kondisi lingkung"n ,"ng mend"s"#k"n p"d" )"sil "k)i#

P"d" lingkung"n ,"ng mend"s"#k"n penil"i"n %e#d"s"#k"n )"sil "k)i#

,"ng di$un*ukk"n seseo#"ng& $"pi %uk"n penil"i"n ,"ng did"s"#k"n

p"d" us")" ,"ng dil"kuk"n seseo#"ng "k"n menim%ulk"n p#ok#"s$in"si

,"ng

le%i) $inggi d"#ip"d" lingkung"n ,"ng memen$ingk"n us")"& %uk"n )"sil"k)i#+

Menu#u$ Ellis d"n Kn"us >19;;? p#ok#"s$in"si %e#sum%e# d"#i pol" piki# ,"ng

s"l")& ,"ng memiliki -i#i:

". T"ku$ g"g"l(Fear of Failure)

Ke$"ku$"n "k"n g"g"l inil") ,"ng men,e%"%k"n seseo#"ng mel"kuk"n

p#ok#"s$in"si+ K"#en" #"s" $"ku$ ,"ng "d" p"d" di#in,"& men,e%"%k"n i"

engg"n mel"kuk"n su"$u $ug"s ,"i$u deng"n mel"kuk"n "d"n," su"$u

penund""n+

#. Ku#"ng )"$i)"$i($mpulsiveness)

!eo#"ng indiidu ,"ng $id"k d"p"$ men")"n keingin"nn,"& -ende#ung

men,uk"i $ug"s ,"ng #umi$& $id"k $")"n deng"n si$u"si ,"ng menek"n&

menil"i di#in," $id"k m"mpu& mud") meng"li)k"n p"d" "k$i(i$"s ,"ng le%i)

men,en"ngk"n $"np" memiki#k"n "ki%"$n," me#up"k"n -i#i seo#"ng ,"ng

ku#"ng %e#)"$i)"$i d"l"m %e#$ind"k+ Ini d"p"$ meng"ki%"$k"n "d"n,"

pe#il"ku penund""n+

.i#ne# >1998? men,e%u$k"n %")'" p#ok#"s$in"$o# memiliki -i#i pe#(eksionis+

I" mel"kuk"n p#ok#"s$in"si k"#en" ingin melengk"pi $ug"s deng"n sempu#n"+

N"mun keingin"n un$uk men-"p"i sempu#n" i$u $id"k diim%"ngi deng"n

us")"

,"ng n,"$"+ I" -ende#ung p"si( d"n le%i) meng"li)k"n p"d" $ug"s l"in ,"ng le%i)

men,en"ngk"n+

!olomon d"n Ro$)%lum >1928? mengemuk"k"n %")'" p#ok#"s$in"si

11


12/28

dil"kuk"n seseo#"ng k"#en" ke-em"s"n& pe#(eksionis& sus") meng"m%il

kepu$us"n& ke$e#g"n$ung"n d"n sel"lu mem%u$u)k"n %"n$u"n& kepu$us"n di#i ,"ng

#end")& m"l"s& ku#"ng "se#$i(& ke$"ku$"n un$uk sukses& sus") meng"$u# '"k$u&

ku#"ng "d"n," kon$#ol& "d"n," #esiko ,"ng di"ki%"$k"n d"n peng"#u) d"#i $em"n+

"#i pen*el"s"n mengen"i p#ok#"s$in"si "k"demik& $e#d"p"$ %e%e#"p" ("k$o#

,"ng mempeng"#u)i seseo#"ng d"l"m mel"kuk"n pe#il"ku penund""n+ @"k$o#

("k$o# $e#se%u$ $e#di#i d"#i ("k$o# eks$e#n"l ,"ng melipu$i g"," peng"su)"n o#"ng

$u"& kondisi lingkung"n ,"nglenientd"n kondisi lingkung"n ,"ng mend"s"#k"n

p"d" )"sil "k)i#& d"n *ug" dipeng"#u)i ("k$o# in$e#n"l ,"i$u kondisi (isik d"n

("k$o# psikologis indiidu ,"ng $e#di#i d"#i pol" d"n s$#uk$u# kep#i%"di"n+

!$#uk$u# kep#i%"di"n p"d" seo#"ng indiidu $e#di#i d"#i $ipe kep#i%"di"n ,"ngme#up"k"n g"m%"#"n mengen"i si("$si("$ indiidu+ "l"m peneli$i"n ini penulis

ingin mengungk"p )u%ung"n p#ok#"s$in"si "k"demik deng"n ("k$o# in$e#n"l ,"ng

men-"kup $ipe kep#i%"di"n seseo#"ng d"l"m mel"kuk"n p#ok#"s$in"si "k"demik+

B. A!ert%2%ta!

*. Pengert%an A!ert%2%ta!

Ase#$ii$"s "d"l") kem"mpu"n mengkomunik"sik"n keingin"n& pe#"s""n&

d"n piki#"n kep"d" o#"ng l"in $"np" #"s" -em"s& deng"n $e$"p men*"g" d"n

meng)"#g"i )"k)"k se#$" pe#"s""n pi)"k l"in d"n pe#$im%"ng"n posi$i( mengen"i

%"ik d"n %u#ukn," sik"p d"n pe#il"ku ,"ng "k"n dimun-ulk"n+

!umin$"#d*" >d"l"m P#"%o'o& 71& )+ 7? men,"$"k"n %")'" k"$"

"se#$i( %e#"s"l d"#i k"$"assertive,"ng %e#"#$i $eg"s d"l"m pe#n,"$""nn,"& %"ik

d"l"m mengeksp#esik"n di#in," "$"upun pend"p"$n,"+ Pe#il"ku "se#$i( "d"l")

pe#il"ku ,"ng men"mpilk"n ke%e#"ni"n un$uk *u*u# d"n $e#%uk" d"l"m

men,"$"k"n ke%u$u)"n& pe#"s""n d"n piki#"nn," se-"#" "p" "d"n," $"np"

men,"ki$i pe#"s""n o#"ng l"in+ Menu#u$ D)"plin >d"l"m P#"%o'o& 71& )+ 7?

assertiveness "d"l") kondisi indiidu"l ,"ng $id"k p"si( "$"u $id"k $"ku$ p"d"

si$u"si $e#$en$u+ !ed"ngk"n ="#e >d"l"m P#"%o'o& 71& )+ 7? mende(inisik"n

assertive se%"g"i su"$u kem"mpu"n un$uk d"p"$ mengeksp#esik"n )"k& piki#"n&

pe#"s""n d"n kepe#-",""nn," se-"#" l"ngsung& *u*u# d"n deng"n -"#" ,"ng

$e#)o#m"$ d"n $id"k mengg"nggu )"k p#i%"di o#"ng l"in+

4e"e# >1993& )+ 85? mengemuk"k"n %e%e#"p" -i#i ,"ng %is" dili)"$

d"#i seo#"ng indiidu ,"ng "se#$i(& ,"i$u: >"? Mengi*ink"n o#"ng l"in

12


13/28

un$uk men*el"sk"n piki#"nn," se%elum di#in," sendi#i %e#%i-"#"& >%?

Mempe#$")"nk"n ke"d""n ,"ng sesu"i deng"n pe#"s""n indiidu& >-? Mem%u"$

kepu$us"n %e#d"s"# p"d" "p" ,"ng di"ngg"p indiidu %en"#& >d? Mem"nd"ng

pe#s")"%"$"n se%"g"i kesemp"$"n un$uk %el"*"# le%i) *"u) $en$"ng di#i sendi#id"n

o#"ng l"in se#$" un$uk %e#$uk"# piki#"n& >e? !e-"#" spon$"n d"n "l"mi memul"i

pe#-"k"p"n menggun"k"n $ek"n"n d"n olume su"#" ,"ng sed"ng& >(?

.e#us")" un$uk menge#$i pe#"s""n o#"ng l"in se%elum mem%i-"#"k"n

pe#"s""nn," sendi#i& >g? .e#us")" un$uk meng)ind"#i )"l ,"ng me#ugik"n d"n

me#epo$k"n deng"n mem%i-"#"k"n m"s"l")n," se%elum di#in," menemuk"n

"#$i ,"ng m"suk "k"l un$uk meme-")k"n m"s"l") ,"ng $id"k d"p"$

di)ind"#i& >)? Meng)"d"pi m"s"l") d"n peng"m%il"n kepu$us"n deng"n $"%")&d"n >i? .e#$"nggung *"'"% deng"n meng)"#g"i si$u"si& ke%u$u)"n d"n )"k

indiidu+

Al%e#$i d"n Emmons >d"l"m U,un d"n ="di& 75& )+ 11;? men,"$"k"n

%")'" "se#$ii$"s "d"l") pe#n,"$""n di#i ,"ng posi$i(& deng"n $e$"p meng)"#g"i

o#"ng l"in& se)ingg" "k"n meningk"$k"n kepu"s"n+ Pe#il"ku "se#$i( me#up"k"n

pe#il"ku %e#"ni menun$u$ )"k )"kn," $"np" meng"l"mi ke$"ku$"n "$"u #"s"

%e#s"l") se#$" $"np" mel"ngg"# )"k)"k o#"ng l"in+ Menu#u$ pe#lm"n d"n Do%,

>d"l"m N"s)o#i& 7? mengungk"pk"n %")'" "se#$ii$"s "d"l") kem"mpu"n d"n

kesedi""n indiidu un$uk mengungk"pk"n pe#"s""npe#"s""n se-"#" *el"s d"n

d"p"$ mempe#$")"nk"n )"k)"kn," deng"n $eg"s+ D"l)oun d"n A-o-ell" >d"l"m

N"s)o#i& 7? men,"$"k"n %")'" kem"mpu"n %e#sik"p "se#$i( "d"l")

kem"mpu"n un$uk memin$" o#"ng l"in mel"kuk"n sesu"$u ,"ng diingink"n+

Pe#il"ku "se#$i( "d"l") s"l") s"$u -"#" ,"ng d"p"$ dil"kuk"n un$uk

men-ip$"k"n d"n mengem%"ngk"n kem"mpu"n komunik"si se#$" pen,esu"i"n di#i

,"ng %"ik d"n e(ek$i(+ Kem"mpu"n %e#komunik"si d"n pen,esu"i"n di#i ,"ng %"ik

d"n e(ek$i( s"ng"$ dipe#luk"n ole) #em"*" $e#u$"m" p"d" m"s" pu%e#$"s+ ="l

$e#se%u$ %e#k"i$"n deng"n s"l") s"$u $ug"s pe#kem%"ng"n m"s" #em"*" ,"ng $e#suli$

,"i$u pen,esu"i"n sosi"l >!e$iono d"n P#"m"di& 75?+

+. Fakt(r/&akt(r 3ang Me1engaru"% Per%laku A!ert%&

Ad" %e%e#"p" ("k$o# ,"ng mempeng"#u)i pe#il"ku "se#$i(& ,"i$u:

13


14/28

"+ Usi"

.u)#mes$e# >N"$"lli$"& 75& )+ 1;? %e#pend"p"$ %")'" usi" me#up"k"n s"l")

s"$u ("k$o# ,"ng mempeng"#u)i $im%uln," pe#il"ku "se#$i(+ P"d" m"s" k"n"k

k"n"k pe#il"ku "se#$i( %elum $e#%en$uk sed"ngk"n p"d" m"s" #em"*" d"n

de'"s"& pe#il"ku "se#$i( men*"di le%i) %e#kem%"ng d"n p"d" usi" $u"

pe#il"ku "se#$i( $id"k %egi$u *el"s pe#kem%"ng"nn," "$"upun penu#un"nn,"+

%+ !$"$us sosi"l ekonomi

!-)'"n$ d"n 4"#d)"ni& 78& )+ 1;? men,"$"k"n %")'" $ingk"$

pendidik"n me#up"k"n s"l") s"$u ("k$o# ,"ng $u#u$ menen$uk"n mun-uln,"

pe#il"ku "se#$i( p"d" indiidu+ Indiidu ,"ng memiliki $ingk"$ pendidik"n

$inggi -ende#ung le%i) m"mpu %e#pe#il"ku "se#$i( di%"ndingk"n deng"n

indiidu ,"ng mempun,"i $ingk"$ pendidik"n #end")+

d+ Lingkung"n kelu"#g"

="#is >N"$"lli$"& 75& )+ 12? men,"$"k"n %")'" pe#il"ku "se#$i( seseo#"ng

d"p"$ $e#%en$uk mel"lui in$e#"ksi+ Pol" in$e#"ksi ,"ng -ukup "k#"% "n$"#

ses"m" "nggo$" kelu"#g" %"ik i$u "n$"#" "n"k deng"n o#"ng$u" "$"upun

"nggo$" kelu"#g" l"in "k"n %e#peng"#u) $e#)"d"p pe#il"ku "se#$i( "n"k

e+ Pol" "su) o#"ng $u"

!e$iono d"n P#"m"di >75& )+ 13? mengemuk"k"n %")'" "se#$ii$"s p"d"

"'"ln," )"#us dipel"*"#i di #um")& k"#en" kelu"#g" me#up"k"n lingkung"n

sosi"l pe#$"m" k"li diken"l ole) indiidu k"#en" i$ul") pol" "su) o#"ng$u"

s"ng"$ menen$uk"n $ingk"$ "se#$ii$"s "n"k"n"k me#ek" di kemudi"n )"#i+

(+ Ke%ud",""n

Menu#u$ @u#)"m >N"$"lli$"& 75& )+ 12? konsep d"l"m %e#pe#il"ku "se#$i(

%e#k"i$"n deng"n ke%ud",""n+ M"singm"sing %ud"," mempun,"i k"#"k$e#is$ik

,"ng %e#%ed"%ed"& k"#"k$e#is$ik i$ul") ,"ng mempeng"#u)i seseo#"ng d"l"m

%e#pe#il"ku "se#$i(+ !e%"g"i -on$o) M"ngunsong >78? d"l"m %ud"," Indonesi"&

"se#$ii$"s %elum dip"nd"ng posi$i( d"n di"ngg"p se%"g"i %en$uk "g#esii$"s

g+ Jenis kel"min

14


15/28

R"kos >N"$"lli$"& 75& )+ 1;? men,"$"k"n %")'" p#i" le%i) "se#$i( *ik"

di%"ndingk"n deng"n '"ni$" k"#en" d"l"m m"s,"#"k"$ mun-ul $un$u$"n dim"n"

p#i" )"#us le%i) "g#esi(& m"ndi#i d"n kompe$i$i( sed"ngk"n '"ni$" umumn,"

%e#si("$ p"si( d"n $e#g"n$ung+

)+ Tingk"$ ke-e#d"s"n

!-)'"n$ d"n d"l"m P#"%o'o& 71& )+ 7? men,"$"k"n %")'" pe#il"ku "se#$i(

$e#di#i d"#i %e%e#"p" -i#i-i#i& ,"i$u:

"+ M"mpu mengeksp#esik"n )"kn," $"np" mengg"nggu )"k o#"ng l"in+

%+ Mempun,"i kepe#-",""n di#i d"n )"#g" di#i ,"ng -ukup& -ende#ung $e#%uk"+

-+ !uk" mendeg"# pe#"s""n d"n piki#"n o#"ng l"in

d+ Meng)"#"pk"nfeedbac%d"#i o#"ng l"in+

!e$iono d"n P#"m"di >75& )+ 18912? mengemuk"k"n -i#i-i#i pe#il"ku "se#$i(

melipu$i:

"+ M"mpu mem%e#ik"n d"n mene#im" "(eksi

%+ Mem%e#i pu*i"n

-+ M"mpu mem%e#i d"n mene#im" k#i$ik

d+ M"mpu mem%e#i d"n mene#im" pe#min$""n

e+ M"mpu mendiskusik"n m"s"l")& %e#"#gumen$"si se#$" %e#negosi"si

@ens$e#)eim d"n ."e# >!ikone& 7? mengemuk"k"n %e%e#"p" -i#i ,"ng %is"

dili)"$ d"#i seo#"ng indiidu ,"ng "se#$i( melipu$i:

"+ .e%"s mengemuk"k"n piki#"n d"n pend"p"$& %"ik mel"lui k"$"k"$" m"upun

$ind"k"n

%+ "p"$ %e#komunik"si se-"#" l"ngsung d"n $e#%uk"+

-+ M"mpu memul"i& mel"n*u$k"n d"n mengk")i#i su"$u pem%i-"#""n deng"n %"ik+

15


16/28

d+ M"mpu menol"k d"n men,"$"k"n ke$id"kse$u*u"nn," $e#)"d"p pend"p"$

o#"ng l"in "$"u seg"l" sesu"$u ,"ng $id"k %e#"l"s"n d"n -ende#ung %e#si("$

neg"$i(+

e+ M"mpu meng"*uk"n pe#min$""n d"n %"n$u"n kep"d" o#"ng l"in ke$ik"

mem%u$u)k"n

(+ M"mpu men,"$"k"n pe#"s""n& %"ik ,"ng men,en"ngk"n m"upun ,"ng $id"k

men,en"ngk"n deng"n -"#" ,"ng $ep"$+

g+ Memiliki p"nd"ng"n d"n sik"p ,"ng "k$i( $en$"ng ke)idup"n

)+ Mene#im" ke$e#%"$"s"n ,"ng "d" p"d" di#in," se#$" $e$"p %e#us")"

men-"p"i "p" ,"ng diingink"nn," deng"n se%"ik mungkin+

7? mengemuk"k"n %")'" o#"ng "se#$i( "d"l") o#"ng ,"ng:"+ M"mpu %e#$ind"k sesu"i keingin"nn,"

%+ M"mpu mem%el" )"kn,"

-+ M"mpu mengkomunik"sik"n "p" ,"ng diingink"n se-"#" *u*u#

d+ Meng)o#m"$i )"k p#i%"di o#"ng l"in

.e#d"s"#k"n u#"i"n di "$"s mengen"i -i#i-i#i pe#il"ku "se#$i( m"k" d"p"$

disimpulk"n %")'" pe#il"ku "se#$i( $e#di#i d"#i emp"$ -i#i ,"i$u m"mpu

mengeksp#esik"n pe#"s""nn," se-"#" *u*u# d"n $e#%uk"& m"mpu

mengkomunik"sik"n )"l ,"ng dike)end"ki p"d" o#"ng l"in& m"mpu

mempe#$")"nk"n )"k p#i%"din," d"n m"mpu meng)o#m"$i )"k p#i%"di o#"ng

l"in+

#. Hu5ungan A!ert%2%ta! )engan Pr(kra!t%na!% Aka)e%k Pa)a

Ma"a!%!6a

M")"sis'" di$un$u$ un$uk %is" %el"*"# m"ndi#i k"#en" dinil"i sud")

de'"s" d"n m"p"n d"l"m meng"m%il kepu$us"n+ Pe#m"s"l")"n ,"ng di"l"mi

m")"sis'" %i"s"n," %e#)u%ung"n deng"n kegi"$"n "k"demikn,"+ Tug"s %"n,"k&

deadline& pe#kuli")"n& %")k"n )"#us mem%"gi semu"n," i$u deng"n kegi"$"n

di lu"# k"mpus& sepe#$i "k$i( d"l"m .EM+ !eo#"ng m")"sis'" ,"ng sud")

mem"suki $")"p pe#kem%"ng"n de'"s" "'"l di$un$u$ un$uk memiliki kem"mpu"n

%e#piki# d"l"m memem-")k"n m"s"l") deng"n us")" menemuk"n s"s"#"n

16


17/28

peme-")"n ,"ng ide"l& %e#piki# k#i$is& d"n m"mpu meng"n"lis" d"n men-"#i solusi

,"ng $ep"$+

Ke$id"km"mpu"n peme-")"n m"s"l") ini di$u*uk"n p"d" ke$id"km"mpu"n

meng"m%il kepu$us"n se-"#" $ep"$& ke-end#ung"n un$uk %e#g"n$ung d"n mengiku$i

"p" ,"ng dil"kuk"n kelompok+ Aki%"$n," me#ek" $e#*e%"k d"l"m pe#il"ku ,"ng

$id"k %e#m"n(""$+ Mem%en$uk kelompok& mel"kuk"n "k$i(i$"s ,"ng neg"$i( sepe#$i

pe#il"ku pe#kel")i"n "n$"# genk& )idup s"n$"i& suk" meng)"%isk"n '"k$u un$uk

mel"ks"n"k"n )"l)"l ,"ng $id"k memiliki $u*u"n d"n %e#u*ung p"d" m"s"l")

m")"sis'" meningg"lk"n %"ngku kuli")

M")"sis'" %is" me#"s" -em"s ke$ik" $ug"s ,"ng di$e#im"n," %elum

seles"i dike#*"k"n+ K"d"ng me#ek" me#"s" $id"k ,"kin di#i "k"n kem"mpu"n,"ng dimilikin,"& kondisi ,"ng demiki"n mem%u"$ me#ek" $id"k %e#"ni un$uk

memin$" %"n$u"n "$"u pend"p"$ kep"d" o#"ng l"in+

Tid"k )"n," #"s" -em"s "$"u ku#"ng ,"kin di#i ,"ng men*"di

pe#m"s"l")"n d"l"m m")"sis'"& n"mun m"si) $e#d"p"$ #"s" $"ku$ d"n m"lu un$uk

mengemuk"k"n pend"p"$n," se-"#" $e#%uk"+ P"d")"l se%"g"i -"lon pemimpin&

m")"sis'" di)"#"pk"n %is" %e#"ni meng)"d"pi seg"l" sesu"$u d"n %is"

meng"m%il sik"p+ N"mun& M")"sis'" -ende#ung un$uk meng"m%il sik"p di"m

d"n duduk m"nis d"#ip"d" m"u %e#di"log "$"u %e#de%"$ deng"n dosen "$"upun

$em"n $em"nn,"+ 4"l"upun "d" se%"gi"n ,"ng sud") %is" mengeksp#esik"n

"p" ,"ng "d" di piki#"nn,"& n"mun ke%"n,"k"n m")"sis'" m"si) me#"s" m"lu

"$"u $"ku$ un$uk mengungk"pk"n keingin"n d"n pend"p"$n,"+

M")"sis'" ,"ng %e#"ni mengungk"pk"n "p" ,"ng "d" di piki#"nn,"

$"np" me#ugik"n pi)"k l"in %is" dise%u$ se%"g"i m")"sis'" ,"ng "se#$i(+ Pe#il"ku

"se#$i( di"#$ik"n Rimm d"n M"s$e#s >d"l"m R"kos& 1991& )+2? "d"l") $ingk") l"ku

d"l"m )u%ung"n in$e#pe#son"l ,"ng %e#si("$ *u*u# d"n mengeksp#esik"n piki#"n

piki#"n d"n pe#"s""n deng"n mempe#)i$ungk"n kondisi sosi"l ,"ng "d"+

Ke$ik" indiidu me#"s" -em"s& "k"n memun-ulk"n #"s" kek)"'"$i#"n+

@e###"#i >d"l"m R"-)m")"n"& 71& )+133? men*el"sk"n %")'" peng"su)"n "n"k

d"p"$ mempeng"#u)i %"g"im"n" "n"k "k"n %e#$ind"k+ O#"ng $u" ,"ng -ende#ung

menun$u$ pu$#"pu$#in," sup"," d"p"$ %e#kem%"ng d"n mengu"s"i

%e#m"-"m m"-"m %id"ng di duni" pendidik"n "k"n memun-ulk"n ke-em"s"n&

kek)"'"$i#"n& d"n ke$id"k%e#"#$i"n p"d" di#i "n"k *ik" "n"k $id"k d"p"$

17


18/28

memenu)i semu" )"#"p"n i$u+ ="l inil") ,"ng men*"dik"n "n"k men*"di

ku#"ng "se#$i( "$"u memiliki "se#$ii$"s ,"ng #end")+

M")"sis'" ,"ng memiliki "se#$ii$"s $inggi m"k" #"s" -em"s d"n

$"ku$ $id"k "k"n mun-ul d"n kesemp"$"n men*"di seo#"ng p#ok#"s$i"n$o# s"ng"$

ke-il k"#en" pe#il"ku "se#$i( %e#"#$i "d"n," sik"p $eg"s d"l"m %e#)u%ung"n

deng"n %"n,"k o#"ng di d"l"m se$i"p "k$ii$"s ke)idup"n+ M")"sis'" "k"n

mel"kuk"n p#ok#"s$in"si *ik" d"l"m di#i ku#"ng "se#$i( "$"u memiliki "se#$ii$"s

,"ng #end")+

a. H%1(te!%!

Ad" ko#el"si neg"$i( "n$"#" "se#$ii$"s deng"n p#ok#"s$in"si "k"demik p"d"

m")"sis'"+

18


19/28

BAB III

METODE PENELITIAN

A.Var%a5el Penel%t%an

"#i"%el d"l"m peneli$i"n ini "d"l") p#ok#"s$in"si "k"demik se%"g"i

"#i"%el k#i$e#ium d"n "se#$ii$"s se%"gi "#i"%el p#edik$o#+

!e-"#" ope#"sion"l& p#ok#"s$in"si "k"demik dide(inisik"n se%"g"i

penund""n ,"ng dil"kuk"n se-"#" seng"*" d"n %e#ul"ngul"ng d"l"m

men,eles"ik"n su"$u $ug"s "$"u peke#*""n& %"ik memul"i m"upun men,eles"ik"n

$ug"s ,"ng %e#)u%ung"n deng"n %id"ng "k"demik+ Ase#$ii$"s "d"l")

kem"mpu"n mengkomunik"sik"n keingin"n& pe#"s""n& d"n piki#"n kep"d"

o#"ng l"in $"np" #"s" -em"s& deng"n $e$"p men*"g" d"n meng)"#g"i )"k)"kse#$" pe#"s""n pi)"k l"in d"n pe#$im%"ng"n posi$i( mengen"i %"ik d"n

%u#ukn," sik"p d"n pe#il"ku ,"ng "k"n dimun-ulk"n

B. De!a%n Penel%t%an

es"in peneli$i"n ,"ng digun"k"n d"l"m k"*i"n ini "d"l") peneli$i"n

desk#ip$i( ko#el"sion"l+ !e-"#" desk#ip$i( "k"n di"'"li deng"n men*"%"#k"n d"$"

"#i"%el k#i$e#ium d"n "#i"%el p#edik$o#+ .e#d"s"#k"n d"$" desk#ip$i( $e#se%u$

kemudi"n "k"n dil"kuk"n ko#el"si un$uk menge$")ui se*"u) m"n" )u%ung"n "n$"#"

"#i"%el k#i$e$ium d"n "#i"%el p#edik$o#+

#. P(1ula!%7 Sa1el )an Tekn%k Sa1l%ng

*.P(1ula!%

Popul"si "d"l") se*uml") indiidu ,"ng )end"k diselidiki ,"ng se$id"kn,"

mempun,"i s"$u si("$ "$"u -i#i ,"ng s"m" >="di& 7& )+ 77?+ "l"m su"$u

popul"si kemudi"n di"m%il s"mpel ,"ng di)"#"pk"n d"p"$ me'"kili popul"si+

!e%elum mene$"pk"n s"mpel& si("$si("$ d"n %"$"s%"$"s popul"si )"#us di$en$uk"n

$e#le%i) d")ulu+ K"#"k$e#is$ik popul"si ,"ng "k"n men*"di su%,ek peneli$i"n

"d"l"): >"? M")"sis'" Psikologi UNI=A& >%? Ak$i( d"l"m kegi"$"n

pe#kuli")"n& d"n >-? Teng") duduk p"d" semes$e# I )ingg" II+

+.Te"n%k Penga5%lan Sa1el

19


20/28

Teknik s"mpling ,"ng digun"k"n d"l"m peneli$i"n ini "d"l") proportional

random samplin! ,"i$u peng"m%il"n s"mpel "p"%il" d"l"m popul"si $e#di#i d"#i

k"$ego#ik"$ego#i& kelompok "$"u golong"n ,"ng se$"#" "$"u se*"*"# ,"ng didug"

se-"#" ku"$ %e#peng"#u) p"d" )"sil)"sil peneli$i"n >4in"#sunu& 78?+ "#i )"sil

peneli$i"n& peneli$i d"p"$ memp#ediksi "$"u mem%u"$ kesimpul"n %e#d"s"#k"n "$"s

#espon su%*ek ,"ng men*"di s"mpel peneli$i"n& k"#en" s"mpel i$u me#up"k"n %"gi"n

d"#i popul"si ,"ng di#"s" d"p"$ me'"kili %"gi"n popul"si ,"ng di$eli$i+

,. Met()e Pengu1ulan Data

P"d" peneli$i"n ini& me$ode pengumpul"n d"$" ,"ng digun"k"n "d"l") sk"l"+

!k"l" "d"l") me$ode pengumpul"n d"$" ,"ng s$imulusn," %e#up" pe#$"n,""n "$"u

pe#n,"$""n ,"ng se-"#" $id"k l"ngsung mengungk"p indik"$o# pe#il"ku d"#i "$#i%u$

,"ng )end"k diuku#+ !k"l" %e#isi %"n,"k "i$em& *"'"%"n su%*ek $e#)"d"p s"$u "i$em

me#up"k"n s"$u indik"si d"#i %"n,"k indik"si mengen"i "$#i%u$ ,"ng diuku#

sed"ngk"n kesimpul"n "k)i# %"#u d"p"$ di-"p"i "p"%il" semu" "i$em $el") di#espon

ole) su%,ek+ Respon su%,ek $id"k di$e#im"se%"g"i *"'"%"n ,"ng %en"# "$"u s"l")&

"p"pun #espon su%,ek d"p"$ di$e#im" sel"m" #espon $e#se%u$ di%e#ik"n se-"#" *u*u#

d"n sunggu) sunggu) >A'"#& 1999& )+ 8?+

!k"l" ,"ng digun"k"n p"d" peneli$i"n ini "d"l") sk"l" ,"ng si("$n,"

$e#$u$up di m"n" *"'"%"n d"#i #espon su%,ek $el") di%"$"si "$"u disedi"k"n se)ingg"

su%,ek $ingg"l mem%e#ik"n #espon deng"n memili) *"'"%"n ,"ng $el") disedi"k"n

>!u#,"%#"$"& 1993& )+ 152?+

Peneli$i"n ini menggun"k"n du" sk"l" un$uk menguku# p#ok#"s$in"si

"k"demik d"n "se#$ii$"s+

*. Skala Pr(kra!t%na!% Aka)e%k

!k"l" P#ok#"s$in"si Ak"demik disusun %e#d"s"#k"n indik"$o#indik"$o#

p#ok#"s$in"si "k"demik& ,"i$u: >"? Mengulu# '"k$u d"l"m mnge#*"k"n $ug"s& >%?

Menge#*"k"n $ug"s d"l"m '"k$u l"m"& >-? Men,eles"ik"n $ug"s $id"k sesu"i

deng"n #en-"n"& >d? !eng"*" Tid"k menge#*"k"n $ug"s& >e? Men,eles"ik"n $ug"s

n"mun $id"k $un$"s+Ta5el *

20


21/28

Blue Pr%nt Skala Pr(ka!t%na!%

Ran4angan 'ula" Ite Skala Pr(ka!t%na!% Aka)e%k

.en$uk p#ok"s$in"si ,"ng diuku# favorable unfavorabe

l

To$"l

Mengulu# '"k$u d"l"m menge#*"k"n $ug"s 3 3

Menge#*"k"n $ug"s d"l"m '"k$u l"m" 3 3

Men,eles"ik"n $ug"s $id"k sesu"i deng"n

#en-"n"

3 3

!eng"*" Tid"k menge#*"k"n $ug"s 3 3

Men,eles"ik"n $ug"s n"mun $id"k $un$"s+ 3 3

15 15 3

+. Skala A!ert%2%ta!

Ase#$ii$"s diuku# menggun"k"n komponen se%"g"i %e#iku$ >"? m"mpu

mengeksp#esik"n pe#"s""nn," se-"#" *u*u# d"n $e#%uk"& >%? m"mpu

mengkomunik"sik"n )"l ,"ng dike)end"ki p"d" o#"ng l"in& >-? m"mpu

mempe#$")"nk"n )"k p#i%"din,"&d"n >d? m"mpu meng)o#m"$i )"k p#i%"di d"n

o#"ng l"in+

Ta5el *

Blue Pr%nt Skala A!ert%&%ta!

#%r%/ #%r% Per%laku A!ert%& N((r Ite

Fa2 Un&a2 T(tal

m"mpu mengeksp#esik"n pe#"s""nn," se-"#"

*u*u# d"n $e#%uk"

5 8 9

m"mpu mengkomunik"sik"n )"l ,"ng

dike)end"ki p"d" o#"ng l"in

5 8 9

m"mpu mempe#$")"nk"n )"k p#i%"din," 8 8 2

M"mpu meng)o#m"$i )"k p#i%"di d"n o#"ng l"in 8 8 2

. U$% #(5a Alat Ukur

!e%elum mel"kuk"n peneli$i"n& peneli$i mel"kuk"n u*i -o%" (tr& out)

$e#)"d"p "l"$ uku# ,"ng "k"n digun"k"n p"d" s""$ peneli$i"n ,"i$u !k"l" P#ok"s$in"si

Ak"demik d"n !k"l" Ase#$i(i$"s+ U*i -o%" $e#se%u$ %e#$u*u"n un$uk men-"#i

"lidi$"s d"n #eli"%ili$"s sk"l" peneli$i"n+

U*i -o%" dil"ks"n"k"n p"d" $"ngg"l ; Juli 718 s"mp"i deng"n 9 *uli 718+Tim memiliki kesepm$"n un$uk mel"ks"n"k"n u*i -o%" p"d" s""$ kuli")

21


22/28

%e#l"ngsung "$"upun ke$ik" %e#$emu se-"#" "-"k deng"n m")"sis'" ,"ng men*"di

su%,ek peneli$i"n+

P#osedu# pel"ks"n""n," "d"l") sk"l" di%"gik"n se-"#" l"ngsung kep"d"

m")"sis'" kemudi"n peneli$i mem%"-"k"n "$u#"nn,"+ !e%elum mengisi sk"l"

sesu"i deng"n ke"d""n di#i me#ek" ,"ng se%en"#n,"& su%,ek dimin$" $e#le%i)

d")ulu un$uk mengisi iden$i$"s di#i di )"l"m"n pe#$"m" p"d" sk"l" u*i -o%"+ !k"l"

,"ng $el") seles"i dike#*"k"n l"ngsung dikumpulk"n kem%"li p"d" s""$ i$u *ug"+

!e%elum dikumpulk"n kem%"li& peneli$i memin$" su%,ek un$uk meme#iks" kem%"li

*"'"%"n "g"# $id"k "d" ,"ng $e#le'"$+

!e$el") u*i -o%" dipe#ole) d"n di%e#i nil"i& m"k" l"ngk") sel"n*u$n,"

"d"l") mel"kuk"n u*i "lidi$"s d"n u*i #eli"%ili$"s+ "$" )"sil $#, ou$ d"#i 3 su%,ek

$e#se%u$ kemudi"n di)i$ung "lidi$"s d"n #eli"%ili$"sn,"+ Pe#)i$ung"n "lidi$"s d"n

#eli"%ili$"s ini dil"kuk"n deng"n %"n$u"n p#og#"m kompu$e# 'tatistical Pac%a!es

for 'ocial 'ciences ('P'') indos *elease "+.,+

8. Val%)%ta! Dan Rel%a5%l%ta!

*. U$% Val%)%ta!

a. Skala Pr(ka!t%na!%

!k"l" P#ok"s$in"si "k"demik dipe#ole) deng"n "n"lisis i$em mel"lui $e)nik

ko#el"si p#odu-$ momen$ pe"#son+ "l"m pengem%"ng"n d"n pen,usun"n

sk"l"sk"l" psikologi %i"s"n," digun"k"n )"#g" koe(isien ko#el"si minim"l

s"m" deng"n &3 "#$in," i$em ,"ng Do##e-$ed I$em $o$"l Do##el"$ionn,"

di"$"s &3 din,"$k"n "lid sed"ngk"n ,"ng di%"'") &3 din,"$"k"n gugu#

>A'"#&1999?

P"d" U*i -o%" $e#)"d"p 3 m")"sis'"& sk"l" p#ok"s$in"si "k"demik $e#di#i

d"#i 3 i$em dipe#ole) se%"n,"k 11 i$em gugu# ,"i$u i$em no 7& 3& 2& 1& 17&

13& 1& 19& 7& 78& 75 d"n 19 i$em "lid + "#i 3 i$em $e#d"p"$ i$em

din,"$"k"n "lid deng"n ko#el"si p"#$ ')ole ,"ng %e#"d" di"n$"#" &3

s"mp"i & ;58+ Un$uk menge$")ui #in-i"n i$em "lid d"n gugu# p"d" sk"l"

p#ok"s$in"si d"p"$ dili)"$ p"d" $"%el 3 %e#iku$ ini

Ta5el ,Ran4angan Ite Val%) )an Gugur

22


23/28

Skala Pr(ka!t%na!%

Bentuk 1r(ka!t%na!% 3ang )%ukur favorable unfavorabe

l

T(tal

Mengulu# '"k$u d"l"m mnge#*"k"n$ug"s

1&9&1; 7F&1F&12

Menge#*"k"n $ug"s d"l"m '"k$u l"m" 3F&11&19F 8&17F&7F

Men,eles"ik"n $ug"s $id"k sesu"i

deng"n #en-"n"

5&13F&71 &18&77

!eng"*" Tid"k menge#*"k"n $ug"s ;&15&73 2F&1F&78F

Men,eles"ik"n $ug"s n"mun $id"k

$un$"s+

7&79&3 75F&7;&72

15 15 3

9: eng"n $"nd" F menun*ukk"n i$em ,"ng gugu#+

5. Skala A!ert%&%ta!

Pe#)i$ung"n "lidi$"s sk"l" "se#$i(i$"s deng"n "n"lisis i$em mel"lui

$e)nik ko#el"si p#odu-$ momen$ pe"#son+ "l"m pengem%"ng"n d"n

pen,usun"n sk"l"sk"l" psikologi %i"s"n," digun"k"n )"#g" koe(isien

ko#el"si minim"l s"m" deng"n &3 "#$in," i$em ,"ng Do##e-$ed I$em $o$"l

Do##el"$ionn," di"$"s &3 din,"$k"n "lid sed"ngk"n ,"ng di%"'") &3

din,"$"k"n gugu# >A'"#&1999?

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din,"$"k"n "lid deng"n ko#el"si p"#$ ')ole ,"ng %e#"s" di"n$"#" &3

s"mp"i & 587+ Un$uk menge$")ui #in-i"n i$em "lid d"n gugu# p"d" sk"l"

p#ok"s$in"si d"p"$ dili)"$ p"d" $"%el 8 %e#iku$ ini

T"%el 8

Rin-i"n I$em "lid d"n


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M"mpu meng)o#m"$i )"k p#i%"di d"n o#"ng

l"in

72F&7;F&75F&78 79F&33&73&37F 2

1; 1; 38

eng"n F "d"l") i$em ,"ng gugu#

+. U$% Rel%a5%l%ta!

Pe#)i$ung"n #eli"%ili$"s dil"kuk"n %e#d"s"#k"n i$em ,"ng "lid deng"n

$e)nik "lp)" D#on%"-) menggun"k"n "l"$ %"n$u pe#)i$ung"n !P!! 1++

P"d" sk"l" p#ok"s$in"si )"sil u*i #eli"%ili$"s dipe#ole) koe(isien #eli"%ili$"s

se%es"# &;58 sed"ngk"n p"d" sk"l" "se#$i(i$"s )"sil u*i #eli"%ili$"s

dipe#ole) koe(isien #eli"%ili$"s se%es"# &587+ "#i )"sil pe#)i$ung"n ini

peneli$i mel"kuk"n "n"lisis d"n pe#%"ik"n i$em sk"l" se-"#" keselu#u)"n+

Un$uk men,ususn nomo# %"#u i$em sk"l" d"n men,usun pe#n,"$""n d"l"m

sk"l" se-"#" le%i)*el"s se)ingg" m"mpu men,"mp"ik"n m"ksud d"#i

kons$#uk ,"ng sed"ng diuku#+

;. Pen3u!unan Ite Baru Dan N((r Ite Baru Untuk Skala Penel%t%an

!e$el") di"d"k"n u*i -o%" d"n dil"kuk"n u*i "lidi$"s d"n #eli"%ili$"s

m"k" peneli$i d"p"$ menge$")ui i$emi$em ,"ng din,"$"k"n gugu# un$uk

sel"n*u$n," $id"k digun"k"n d"n dig"n$ik"n p"d" sk"l" peneli$i"n kemudi"n

d"#i nomo#nomo# i$em ,"ng "lid dil"kuk"n pen,usun"n kem%"li un$uk

di*"dik"n sk"l" peneli$i"n+

Ta5el

D%!tr%5u!% Se5aran Ite Baru

Skala Per%laku A!ert%&

Bentuk 1r(ka!t%na!% 3ang )%ukur favorable unfavorabe

l

T(tal

Mengulu# '"k$u d"l"m mnge#*"k"n

$ug"s

1&3&5 7&8&

Menge#*"k"n $ug"s d"l"m '"k$u l"m" ;&9&11 2&1&17

Men,eles"ik"n $ug"s $id"k sesu"i

deng"n #en-"n"

13&15&1; 18&1&12

!eng"*" Tid"k menge#*"k"n $ug"s 19&71&73 7&77&78

Men,eles"ik"n $ug"s n"mun $id"k

$un$"s+

75&7;&79 7&72&3

15 15 3

24


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P"d" pen,usun"n kem%"li nomo# i$em !k"l" Ase#$i(i$"s ,"ng "k"n

digun"k"n un$uk peneli$i"n $e#*"di %e%e#"p" pe#u%")"n nomo# i$em ,"ng l"m" men*"di

nomo# i$em ,"ng %"#u+ Rin-i"n se%"#"n i$em ,"ng %"#u p"d" !k"l" Pol" Asu) O#"ng$u"

d"p"$ dili)"$ p"d" $"%el %e#iku$ ini:

Ta5el 8

D%!tr%5u!% Se5aran Ite Baru

Skala A!ert%&%ta!

#%r%/ #%r% Per%laku A!ert%& N((r Ite

Fa2 Un&a2 T(tal

M"mpu mengeksp#esik"n pe#"s""nn," se-"#"

*u*u# d"n $e#%uk"

1&3&5&;&9 7&8&&2&1 9

M"mpu mengkomunik"sik"n )"l ,"ng

dike)end"ki p"d" o#"ng l"in

11&13&15&1;&19 17&18&1&12 9

m"mpu mempe#$")"nk"n )"k p#i%"din," 7&77&78&7 71&73&75&7; 2

M"mpu meng)o#m"$i )"k p#i%"di d"n o#"ng

l"in

72&3&37&38 79&31&33 2

1; 1; 38


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DAFTAR PUSTAKA

.u#k"& J+.+& B 0uen& L+M+ 1923+ Procrastination- h& &ou do it. hat to do

about it+ Ne' 0o#k : Pe#seus .ooks

"(ido((& L+L+ 1922+Psi%olo!i 'uatu Pen!antar+ J"k"#$": E#l"ngg"+

@e##"#i& J+R+& J)onson& J+L+& B M-Do'n& 4+


27/28

Ni)","$i& @+ 73+ =u%ung"n Kepe#-",""n i#i eng"n Pe#il"ku Ase#$i( P"d"

!"n$#i Rem"*" di Pondok Pes"n$#en @u$u)i,,") M#"nggen K"%+ em"k+

'%ripsi. !em"#"ng : Unie#si$"s iponego#o+

Popool"& .+I+ 75+ A !$ud, o( T)e Rel"$ions)ip .e$'een P#o-#i"s$in"$o#,

.e)"io# "nd A-"demi- Pe#(o#m"n-e o( Unde#g#"du"$e !$uden$ In A And

Nige#i"n Unie#si$,+ n 4n 0ine 5ournal of frican 1ducationa *esearch

6etor%+ i"m%il T"ngg"l 3 @e%#u"#i 72+

R"kos& R+@+ 1991+ ssertive Behavior. Ne' 0o#k: Rou$ledge D)"pm"n B ="ll&

In-+

Rii& A+& P#"'i$"s"#i& J+E+& B !oe$*ip$o& =+!+ 199;+ Pus"$ Kend"li d"n E(ik"si

i#i se%"g"i P#edik$o# $e#)"d"p P#ok#"s$in"si Ak"demik M")"sis'"+

5urnal Psi%olo!i%a 6o.7 tahun $$. 0og,"k"#$"+

Rumi"ni+ 7+ P#ok#"s$in"si Ak"demik i$in*"u d"#i Mo$i"si .e#p#es$"si d"n

!$#es M")"sis'"+ 5urnal Psi%olo!i 8niversitas Dipone!oro 'emaran!

9ol.7 6o. #+ >)+3;82?

!"n$#o-k& J+4+ 73+dolescence Per%emban!an *emaja+ J"k"#$": E#l"ngg"+

!olomon& L+J+& B Ro$)%lum& E++ 1928+ A-"demi- P#o-#"s$in"$ion: @#eGuen-,

"nd

Dogini$ie .e)"io#"l Do##el"$es+ 5ournal of :ouncelin! Ps&cholo!& 9ol.

7" 6o. ; >)+ 5359?

Timpe& A++ 1999+ !e#i Manajemen 'umber Da&a Manusia Men!elola a%tu+

Te#*em")"n !us"n$o .oedid)"#mo+ J"k"#$": PT EleH Medi" Kompu$indo&Kelompok


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