LAPORAN HASIL PENELITIAN DISERTASI DOKTOR TAHUN...
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LAPORAN HASIL PENELITIAN DISERTASI DOKTOR
TAHUN ANGGARAN 2010
Judul : Analisis Kesejahteraan Muzakki Berdasarkan Pengeluaran Konsumsi Sedekah (Studi di Kota Malang Provinsi Jawa Timur)
Peneliti : Ambo Wonua Nusantara
Dibiayai Oleh Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi, Kementerian Pendidikan Nasional sesuai dengan Surat Perjanjian Penugasan Dalam Rangka Pelaksanaan Penugasan
Penelitian Disertasi Doktor Tahun Anggaran 2010 Nomor : 492/SP2H/PP/DP2M/VI/2010, tanggal 11 Juni 2010.
Universitas Brawijaya Malang 2010
BIDANG ILMU EKONOMI
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RINGKASAN
Ambo Wonua Nusantara : Program Doktor Ilmu Ekonomi Pascasarjana Fakultas Ekonomi
Universitas Brawijaya Malang 2010. Analisis Kesejahteraan Muzakki Berdasarkan
Pengeluaran Konsumsi Sedekah (Studi Di Kota Malang Provinsi Jawa Timur). Prompotor
Agus Suman; Ko-promotor I Khusnul Ashar; Ko-promotor II Multifiah.
Tujuan hidup tiap manusia adalah untuk mencapai kesejahteraan. Hal ini sesuai
dengan maksud Tuhan menciptakan manusia sebagai hamba yang patuh ( ’abid), kreatif
(khalifatullah), dan mengajak kepada kepatuhan dan kreatifitas (da’i), tujuanNya adalah
agar manusia dapat mencapai kesejahteraannya. Secara umum, kesejahteraan sering
diartikan sebagai terpenuhinya segala kebutuhan dan keinginan. Semakin terpenuhi
kebutuhan-kebutuhan dan keinginan-keinginan maka semakin sejahtera keadaan
seorang individu ataupun suatu masyarakat. Oleh karena itu Chapra (2001)
merekomendasikan semua faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkah laku individu dan memiliki
potensi untuk memberikan kontribusi pada kesejahteraan seluruh manusia harus
diperhitungkan. Faktor-faktor tersebut antara lain seperti pendapatan/ kekayaan, umur,
status perkawinan, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, pengalaman, kesehatan, etnisitas,
religiusitas, perilaku mulia dan sebagainya.
Tujuan dari penelitian untuk mengetahui:
1). pengaruh Karakteristik Individu (umur, status perkawinan, etnis/suku bangsa,
pendidikan, kesehatan, pendapatan dan pengalaman bersedekah) baik secara simultan
maupun parsial terhadap Kesejahteraan Muzakki yang diproksi melalui pengeluaran
konsumsi sedekah ,
2).pengaruh Nilai-nilai religius terhadap Kesejahteraan Muzakki yang diproksi melalui
pengeluaran konsumsi sedekah di Kota Malang Provinsi Jawa Timur. Lokasi penelitian di
Kota Malang tepatnya pada dua Lembaga Amil Zakat Nasional (Laznas): Baitul Maal
Hidayatullah (BMH) dan Yayasan Dana Sosial Al Falah (YDSF). Populasinya adalah
seluruh muzakki/ donatur yang terdaftar pada kedua Laznas tersebut. Sampelnya adalah
donatur yang telah terdaftar dan aktif minimal selama tiga tahun. Hipotesis penelitian diuji
dengan menggunakan analisa regresi berganda.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendapatan, pengalaman bersedekah dan
nilai-nilai religius berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kesejahteraan muzakki yang
diproksi melalui pengeluaran konsumsi sedekah, sedangkan umur, status perkawinan,
etnis/suku bangsa, pendidikan dan kesehatan tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan. Dari
ketiga faktor tersebut, pendapatan adalah faktor yang paling dominan pengaruhnya
terhadap kesejahteraan muzakki yang diproksi melalui pengeluaran konsumsi sedekah.
Kata Kunci :, Kesejahteraan muzakki, Konsumsi sedekah, Karakteristik individu, nilai-nilai
religius
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SUMMARY
Ambo Wonua Nusantara. Doctorate Program of Economics, Post- Graduate Program of
Faculty of Economics of Brawijaya University. Malang, 2010. Analysis of The Welfareof
Donors (Muzakki) Based on the Expenditure of Charity Consumption (A Study in the
Municipality of Malang, East Java). Supervisor: Agus Suman, Co-Supervisor I: Khusnul
Ashar; Co-Supervisor II: Multifiah.
All human beings basically wants to achieve well-being. This is consistent with the
idea of God creating human beings as obedient creature ('abid), who is creative
(khalifatullah) and tending towards obedience and creativity (da'i). God’s objective is that
human beings can achieve their well-being. Generally, well-being is understood as the
fulfillment of all needs and wants. More fulfillment of needs and wants means that an
individual or a society is better off. Therefore, Chapra (2001) recommends that all factors
influencing the behavior of individual and having the potential to contribute to the well-
being of all mankind should be considered. These factors are among others
income/wealth, age, marital status, gender, education level, experience, health, ethnicity,
religiosity, virtuous deeds and others.
The objective of this research is to:
(1) determine the impact of individual characteristics (age, marital status, ethnicity/race,
education, health, income and charity experience) both simultaneously and partially
towards the well-being of donors (muzakki) which is proxied by the expenditure of charity
consumption;
(2) the impact of religious values on the well-being of charity recipients as proxied by the
expenditure of charity consumption in the municipality of Malang, province of East Java.
The location of research in Malang is two nation-wide charity raising institutions (lembaga
amil zakat nasional, abbreviated as Laznas): Baitul Maal Hidayatullah (BMH) and
Yayasan Dana Sosial Al-Falah (YDSF). The population is all donors (muzakki) listed in
the two institutions. The sample is taken from the donors who are listed and have been
active for at least three years. The research hypotheses were tested with multiple
regression analysis.
The research findings shows that the income, charity experience, and religious
values have a significant impact on the well-being of the donors (muzakki), as proxied by
the expenditure of charity consumption, while age, marital status, ethnicity/race, education
and health do not have significant impact. Of the three factors, income has the strongest
impact on donors' welfare as proxied by the expenditure of charity consumption.
Keywords: donor's well-being, charity consumption, individual characteristics, religious
values
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