Langkawi Part 1
Transcript of Langkawi Part 1
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
1/42
LANGKAWI PART 1
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
2/42
GEOLOGICAL STRUCTUR
OF LANGKAWIPresented by:GROUP 14
Muhamad Ihsan
Mohd Ajmal
Daniel Tan
Fatin Zulia
Nur Ain Wahida
Siti Namirah
Natasha Amira
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
3/42
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
4/42
INTRODUCTION• Lan!a"i is an ar#hi$elao o% && islands' a$$ro(imatel) *1 !m north"est o% th
Kedah on Peninsula Mala)sia
• +ldest ro#! %ormation
• +% the && islands' onl) %our are inha,ited
• Made u$ o% -.e %ormation/
a0 Ma#hin#han Formation +ldest %ormation0
,0 Setul Formation
#0 Sina Formation
d0 2hu$in Formation
e0 Gunun Ra)a Granite Formation 3ounest Formation0
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
5/42
Kis
t!
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
6/42
#AC$INC$ANGFOR#ATION
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
7/42
PASIR T4NGK+RAK
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
8/42
5 Po#!et o% the "hole sand) ,ea#h %ormed rued ro#!) ,ea#om$risin sandstone and shale6
- The entl) di$$in and "ar$in sandstone and shale ,elou$$er $art o% Ma#hin#han %ormation6
LOAD CASTS
- De%ormational stru#tures' rather than erosional stru#tures
- +##ur #ommonl) alon the ,ases o% sandstone ,eds that mudstone or shale ,eds6
-
Rane in si7e' and ma) ,e asso#iated "ith other de%ormastru#ture li!e 8ame stru#tures6
- It settins "here "here "ater5saturated mudd) sediment
,uried ra$idl) ,) #oarser sand)0 sediments6
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
9/42
5 Sandstone #ontain internal #ross ,eddin and ,eddinto$ ri$$le mar!s6
- While the inter,edded sandstone 9 shale e(hi,its more
interestin load related sedimentar) stru#tures ranin%rom
a0load #ast'
,0 ,eddin'
#0ta%onii are #ontrolled ,) the join s)stems'
%ra#ture $atterns and dire#tions o% the sea5s$ra)s6
d0 8ame stru#ture
e0 Water es#a$e stru#ture
%0 Ri$$le mar!s
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
10/42
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
11/42
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
12/42
T4L:K DATAI
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
13/42
5 Types of rock at this location are sedimentary rock.
- Sandstone is interbedded with shale.
- This location is Machinchang Formation.
-Oldest rock formation in Langkawi. Age is about !-! Million
"ears Ago
-made of fine # to medium # grained sandstone with subordinate
coarse-grained sandstone$ conglomerate and shale accumulating a tot
thickness of up to %&'!meter.
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
14/42
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
15/42
- ;ased on our inter$retation' at this $la#e hsome %ra#ture
- sur%a#es alon "hi#h ro#!s or minerals ha.,ro!en there%ore sur%a#es a#ross "hi#h thematerial has lost #ohesion6
- #aused ,) stress e(#eedin the ro#! stren#ausin the ro#! to lose #ohesion alon its"ea!est $lane and dis$la#ement o##urred6
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
16/42
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
17/42
- Ne(t' "e #an see joints there
- Fra#tures "ithin the ro#! "hi#h there has
,een no a$$re#ia,le dis$la#ement $aralto the %ra#ture and onl) sliht mo.ementto the %ra#ture $lane
5 Most a,undant stru#tural element in ear#rust
-
2ommonl) joints %orm ,e%ore %aults "hi#are later rea#ti.ated in shear
- In Sedimentar) ro#!s most joints are.erti#al or ,ed normal
- S)stemati# joints/ $lanar' $arallel
orientation and ha.e reular s$a#in
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
18/42
#a%!i%!an& #'"nt
• L'%ati'n Des%riti'n and !ist'ry : Gunun Mat 2hin#anstraddles on the north"est $ortion o% Pulau Lan!a"i6 GununMat 2hin#an is not the hihest mountain in Lan!a"i6 Su#ha##olade oes to its neih,ourin Gunun Ra)a at ==>m a,osea le.el6 The massi.e mountain rane is estimated to ,e,et"een ?*>5**> million )ears old #onsistin o%metamor$hosed ro#!s "ith uni@ue e#oloi#al ha,itats %or.arious s$e#ies o% 8ora and %auna6 At su#h ae' Gunun Mat2hin#an ta!es the #entre $ie#e in the re#ent attem$t ,) theo.ernment %or Pulau Lan!a"i to ,e a##orded a :N4S2+
Geo$ar! status6 It "as a,le to o,ser.e at #lose rane theuni@ue ro#! %ormations eoloi#al %eatures o% the Ma#hin#anrane' "hi#h "as %ormed *>> million )ears ao durin the2am,rian $eriod' in eoloi#al terms6
• Ge'('&i% str"%t"re: Mountain' #li' #ross ,eddin'"eatherin' erosion and "ater%all are seen
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
19/42
Ma#hi#han Mount
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
20/42
Telaa Tujuh Water%all
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
21/42
SETUL FOR#ATION
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
22/42
Kilim' Lan!a"i
• 2oordinate
N >BC ?E 6&EC
4 >&&C *1E 116BEC
4le.ation 1m
• Di$Hstri!e o% the area 1H?*
• Setul Formationdar! 9 re) limestone0
• It is a meta5limestone
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
23/42
Geoloi#al Stru#ture
• ;eddin
• uart7 .ein
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
24/42
Pi#tures
Fiure * / uart7 .ein
Fiure B / ;eddin
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
25/42
Ana! Ti!us Island
• Fossil Island' or Pulau Ana! Ti!us is an island
$art o% the Kilim eo$ar!s6• It is remnant island lo#ated at the southern m
o% Pulau Lanun6
• It is made u$ o% dar! #oloured 'moderate to th
,edded limestone re$resentin the 4arl) +rdLimestone Mem,er o% the Setul Formation
• It is .er) ri#h %ossils'$arti#ularl) astro$ods a#e$halo$ods6
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
26/42
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
27/42
• There are massi.e ro#! stru#ture "hi#h is %
%ossils dead im$ressions o% on#e li.in orthat are some ?=> million )ears old6
• This is the reason "h) this island is !no"nFossil Island6 +n to$ o% the stair#ase' there
small $lat%orm %rom "here )ou #an .ie" thand the ro#!s #learl)6
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
28/42
SETUL)SINGA FOR#ATIO
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
29/42
Telu! mem$elam is lo#ated in North o% PulaLanun6 the Telu! Mem$elam there are t"%ormation on the that $arti#ular area "hi#
are Setul %ormation and Sina %ormation
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
30/42
• So are there must ,e a #onta#t ,et"een ,oth o% them6 A
"al!in "e #he#! the dierent ,et"een the litholoiesthe ,ea#h ' "e had %ound that there are #onta#t ,et"eelitholoies that ,e the $ro.es ,e#ause Setul %ormation limestone that rea#t to J2l "hile Sina %ormation are %mudstone that not rea#t to J2l6So'due to di#ulties to ,eddin alon the ,ea#h ,e#ause the it "as undero "e
,) "a.e e.er) da)6So 'the ,eddin o% ro#! alon the ,e#an ,e #hara#teri7ed ,) une($osed6We de#ide to test tho% litholoies ,) test usin J2l to out#ro$ that "e -nd ai% that area do not ha.e e($osed ,eddin o% ro#!6
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
31/42
• As re%erred to eoloi#al ma$ 'there is said that
,oundar) #an ,e seen in the north the PulauLanunTelu! Mem$elam0'"here it "as o.erlainlate De.onian red,ed o% Sina %ormation6
• Setul %ormation is the older than Sina %ormatio,e#ause Setul %ormation is %rom earlu +rdo.i#ian
Middle De.onian "hile the Sina Formation is laDe.onian to earl) Permian6;ut Setul %ormation isthe Sina %ormation ,e#ause the thrust %ault are
Th - th li t th t
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
32/42
The -ure the limestone thatundero hih $ressure and -nall)%orm too man) %ra#ture and %ault
and sho" dierent o% litholoies
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
33/42
• There also has area that manro.e s"am$
ro"6• This im$ortant to sustain the e#os)stem %ro
erosion due to "a.e %rom o#ean6
• ;esides that 'in that lo#ation has a %e" are
#an %ossil6• The t)$es o% %ossils are ,ra#hio$od and tri
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
34/42
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
35/42
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
36/42
SINGA FOR#ATION
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
37/42
PULAU *ERAS *ASA$
Formation / Sina Formation
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
38/42
Formation / Sina Formation
16 2oordinate /N >B1116>
4 &&?1>61
6 4le.ation /1m a,o.e sea le.el6 Stri!e and di$ /
• 1=H>
• 1=H1&
?6 Major stru#tures/ ;eddin
* Des#ri$tion o% lo#ation/
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
39/42
*6 Des#ri$tion o% lo#ation/
• Predominated ,) dar!5#olored shaleand siltstone
•
Formation thi#!ness / '1>>m• Lo"er ,oundar) is o.erlain ,) Setul
Formation in the northern $art o%Pulau Lanun
•
:$$er ,oundaries Pulau Sina ;esaO Pulau Sina Ke#hil0 is o.erlain ,)2hu$in Limestone
B Des#ri$tion o% ro#! /
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
40/42
B6 Des#ri$tion o% ro#! /
There is an a,undan#e o% #al#ite .ein the out#ro$6 The #al#ite .ein haintruded into the mudstone6 2al#it.ein is re#oni7ed a%ter testin it "itJ2L and $rodu#e a .iorous rea#tio
This .ein o% #al#ite "as %ormed a8uids entered an o$en s$a#e %ra#tu
durin alteration o% the ro#!6
M d i h l i i
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
41/42
Mudstone "ith #al#ite .ein
;eddin o% the mudstone "ith its #orres$
-
8/18/2019 Langkawi Part 1
42/42
;eddin o% the mudstone "ith its #orres$thi#!ness 9 16*#m