Landmark Supreme Court Cases.pptx

7/29/2019 Landmark Supreme Court Cases.pptx

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LANDMARK SUPREMECOURT CASES

8th Grade Exit Project


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Exit Project: Case Study of a

Landmark Supreme Court Case

Your project will consist of three main parts

I. Case Study:

a. review the facts of the case

b. discuss the issues presented by the casec. discuss the arguments

d. evaluate the decision made by the Supreme Court.

II. Visual Representation of the Case

III. Presentation of the Case Study


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Brown v. Board of Education, 1954 : JM, AB, AV

Since the 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson ruling onseparate but equal facilities, racial

segregation dominated the United States,

especially in the South. In the 1950s

segregated facilities included schools.

Linda Brown and her family believed that racial segregation violated the

fourteenth amendment and took their case to court. Federal district

court decided that because the all-white and all-black schools were

similar that racial segregation was legal. The Browns later appealed

their case to the Supreme Court stating that segregated schoolsviolated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.


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Miranda v. Arizona, 1966: JA, LM, JR

In 1963 police in Arizona arrested Ernesto Miranda

for kidnapping. The court found Miranda guilt on

the basis of a signed confession. The police

questioning him did not inform him of his Fifth

Amendment right against self-incrimination, or hisSixth Amendment right to the assistance of an

attorney. Miranda appealed his conviction to the Supreme Court,

claiming the police violated him on the basis of the Fifth Amendment.


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Tinker v. Des Moines, 1969: SV, VM, YS

During the Vietnam War John and Mary

Beth Tinker of Des Moines, Iowa, wore black

armbands to their public school as a symbol

of protest against American involvement in

the Vietnam War. When school authorities

asked that the Tinkers remove their

armbands, they refused and were

subsequently suspended. The students

argued that school officials violated theirFirst Amendment right to free speech.


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Roe v. Wade, 1973: LJ, AC, JJ

Roe v. Wade challenged restrictive abortion

laws in both Texas and Georgia. The suit was

brought in the name of Jane Roe, an alias used

to protect the privacy of the plaintiff. Roe filed

suit against Wade, the district attorney of DallasCounty, arguing the statue on the grounds that

it violated the guarantee of personal liberty

and the right to privacy guaranteed in the First,

Fourth, Fifth, Ninth, and Fourteenth

Amendments.


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New Jersey v. T.L.O., 1985: TM, JC, AR

A New Jersey high school student was

accused of violating school rules by

smoking in the bathroom, leading an

assistant principal to search her purse

for cigarettes. The vice principal

discovered marijuana and other

items that implicated the student in

dealing marijuana. The student tried

to have the evidence from her pursesuppressed, challenging that simple

possession of cigarettes was not a

violation of school rules; therefore, a

desire for evidence of smoking in the

restroom did not justify the search.


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Regents of the U. of California v.

Bakke, 1978: CP & MI

In the early 1970s, the medical school of the

University of California at Davis devised a

dual admissions program to increase

representation of disadvantaged minority

students. Allan Bakke was a white male whoapplied to and was rejected from the

regular admissions program, while minority

applicants with lower grade point averages

and testing scores were admitted under thespecialty admissions program. Bakke filed

suit, stating that the admissions system

violated the Equal Protection Clause and

excluded him on the basis of race.


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Gideon v. Wainwright, 1963: MV, KF, SP

In June 1961, a burglary occurred at the Bay Harbor Pool

Room in Panama City, FL. Police arrested Clarence Earl

Gideon after he was found nearby with a pint of wine and

some change in his pockets. Gideon, who could not afford

a lawyer, asked a Florida Circuit Court judge to appointone for him arguing that the Sixth Amendment entitles

everyone to a lawyer. The judge denied his request and

Gideon was left to represent himself. He did a poor job of

defending himself and was found guilty of breaking and

entering and petty larceny. While serving his sentence in aFlorida state prison, Gideon began studying law, which

reaffirmed his belief his rights were violated when the

Florida Circuit Court refused his request for counsel. From

his prison cell, he handwrote a petition asking the U.S.

Supreme Court to hear his case and it agreed.

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