LANDASAN TEORI DAN PROGRAMrepository.unika.ac.id/17056/1/14.A1.0080 STEFANUS... · 2018-10-11 ·...
Transcript of LANDASAN TEORI DAN PROGRAMrepository.unika.ac.id/17056/1/14.A1.0080 STEFANUS... · 2018-10-11 ·...
LANDASAN TEORI DAN PROGRAM
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DAFTAR ISI HALAMAN&PENGESAHAN&...........................................................................................&i!
HALAMAN&PENGESAHAN&..........................................................................................&ii!
PERNYATAAN&KEASLIAN&........................................................................................&iii!
PRAKATA&......................................................................................................................&iv!
DAFTAR&GAMBAR&........................................................................................................&x!
DAFTAR&TABEL&..........................................................................................................&xv!
BAB&I&PENDAHULUAN&................................................................................................&1!
1.1.! Latar&Belakang&Projek&...........................................................................................&1!
1.2.! Tujuan&dan&Sasaran&Pembahasan&......................................................................&2!
1.2.1! Tujuan!....................................................................................................................................!2!
1.2.2! Sasaran!Pembahasan!......................................................................................................!2!
1.3.! Lingkup&Pembahasan&.............................................................................................&3!
1.4.! Metoda&Pembahasan&..............................................................................................&4!
1.4.1! Metoda!Pembahasan!.......................................................................................................!4!
1.4.2! Metoda!Penyusunan!Analisis!......................................................................................!5!
1.4.3! Metoda!Program!Arsitektur!.........................................................................................!6!
1.4.4! Metoda!Perancangan!Arsitektur!................................................................................!6!
1.5.! Sistematika&Pembahasan&.....................................................................................&7!
BAB&II&TINJAUAN&PROJEK&......................................................................................&10!
2.1! Tinjauan&Umum&.....................................................................................................&10!
2.1.1! Gambaran!Umum!...........................................................................................................!10!
2.1.2! Latar!Belakang!–!Perkembangan!–!Tren!.............................................................!10!
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2.1.3! Sasaran!yang!akan!Dicapai!........................................................................................!11!
2.2! Tinjauan&Khusus&....................................................................................................&12!
2.2.1! Terminologi!......................................................................................................................!12!
2.2.2! Kegiatan!.............................................................................................................................!16!
2.2.3! Spesifikasi!dan!Persyaratan!......................................................................................!56!
2.2.4! Deskripsi!Konteks!Kota!...............................................................................................!58!
2.2.5! Studi!Banding!/!Komparasi!Kasus!Projek!Sejenis!...........................................!61!
2.2.6! Permasalahan!Desain!..................................................................................................!78!
2.3! Kesimpulan,&Batasan,&dan&Anggapan&.............................................................&78!
2.3.1! Kesimpulan!......................................................................................................................!78!
2.3.2! Batasan!...............................................................................................................................!79!
2.3.3! Anggapan!..........................................................................................................................!79!
BAB&III&ANALISA&PENDEKATAN&ARSITEKTUR&................................................&80!
3.1! Analisa&Pendekatan&Arsitektur&........................................................................&80!
3.1.1! Studi!Aktivitas!.................................................................................................................!80!
3.1.2! Studi!Fasilitas!..................................................................................................................!89!
3.1.3! Studi!Ruang!Khusus!...................................................................................................!149!
3.1.4! Studi!Besaran!Bangunan!dan!Lahan!Parkir!....................................................!151!
3.1.5! Studi!Citra!Arsitektural!............................................................................................!155!
3.2! Analisa&Pendekatan&Sistem&Bangunan&.........................................................&156!
3.1.1! Studi!Sistem!Struktur!dan!Enclosure!..................................................................!157!
3.1.2! Studi!Sistem!Pencahayaan!dan!Penghawaan!.................................................!180!
3.1.3! Studi!Sistem!Utilitas!..................................................................................................!184!
3.1.4! Studi!Pemanfaatan!Teknologi!...............................................................................!196!
3.3! Analisa&Konteks&Lingkungan&...........................................................................&198!
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3.3.1! Analisis!Pemilihan!Lokasi!.......................................................................................!198!
3.3.2! Analisis!Pemilihan!Tapak!........................................................................................!207!
BAB&IV&PROGRAM&ARSITEKTUR&........................................................................&215!
4.1! Konsep&Program&..................................................................................................&215!
4.1.1! Aspek!Citra!/!Performance!Arsitektural!...........................................................!215!
4.1.2! Aspek!Fungsi!.................................................................................................................!215!
4.1.3! Aspek!Teknologi!..........................................................................................................!215!
4.2! Tujuan,&Faktor&Penentu,&dan&Faktor&Persyaratan&Perancangaan&......&216!
4.2.1! Tujuan!Perancangan!.................................................................................................!216!
4.2.2! Faktor!Penentu!Perancangan!................................................................................!216!
4.2.3! Faktor!Persyaratan!Perancangan!........................................................................!217!
4.3! Program&Arsitektur&............................................................................................&218!
4.3.1! Program!Kegiatan!dan!Fasilitas!...........................................................................!218!
4.3.2! Program!Sistem!Struktur!dan!Enclosure!.........................................................!223!
4.3.3! Program!Sistem!Pencahayaan!dan!Penghawaan!..........................................!227!
4.3.4! Program!Sistem!Utilitas!...........................................................................................!228!
4.3.5! Program!Sistem!Teknologi!.....................................................................................!231!
4.3.6! Program!Lokasi!dan!Tapak!....................................................................................!231!
BAB&V&KAJIAN&TEORI&.............................................................................................&236!
5.1! Kajian&Teori&Penekanan&/&Tema&Desain&......................................................&236!
5.1.1! Interpretasi!dan!Elaborasi!Penekanan!Desain!..............................................!236!
5.1.2! Studi!Preseden!.............................................................................................................!237!
5.1.3! Kemungkinan!Implementasi!Teori!Penekanan!Desain!..............................!239!
5.2! Kajian&Teori&Permasalahan&Dominan&/&Fokus&Kajian&............................&240!
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5.2.1.! Interpretasi!dan!Elaborasi!Permasalahan!Dominan!..................................!240!
5.2.2.! Studi!Preseden!............................................................................................................!244!
5.2.3.! Kemungkinan!Implementasi!Teori!Permasalahan!Dominan!.................!246!
DAFTAR&PUSTAKA&.................................................................................................&248!
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 1 : Sutradara yang sedang memberi arahan ............................... 20!
Gambar 2 : Profesi seorang Make-up Artist .............................................. 27!
Gambar 3 : Camera Operator ................................................................... 30!
Gambar 4 : Assistant Camera yang mengoperasikan clapper .................. 30!
Gambar 5 : Boom operator ....................................................................... 33!
Gambar 6 : Orang yang sedang menggerakan dolly ................................ 34!
Gambar 7 : Negative cutter sedang melakukan pemilahan hasil film ....... 36!
Gambar 8 : Foley artist .............................................................................. 40!
Gambar 9 : Suasana proses syuting di Backlot ........................................ 41!
Gambar 10 : Proses Syuting dalam area Soundstage .............................. 42!
Gambar 11 : Suasana Dressing Room ..................................................... 43!
Gambar 12 : Proses pembuatan set film ................................................... 44!
Gambar 13 : Foley Room .......................................................................... 46!
Gambar 14 : Scoring Room ...................................................................... 46!
Gambar 15 : Mixing Room ........................................................................ 48!
Gambar 16 : Photoshoot Studio ................................................................ 49!
Gambar 17 : Ruang Screening ................................................................. 49!
Gambar 18 : Peta Kabupaten Tangerang ................................................. 59!
Gambar 19 : Skesta Plan Infinite Studio Batam ........................................ 61!
Gambar 20 : Foto udara Infinite Studio ..................................................... 62!
Gambar 21 : Ruang Pameran ................................................................... 63!
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Gambar 22 : Ruang galeri pembuatan film ............................................... 63!
Gambar 23 : Ruang Studio Animasi dan Film ........................................... 64!
Gambar 24 : Soundstage utama ............................................................... 65!
Gambar 25 : Tampak luar Soundstage ..................................................... 65!
Gambar 26 : Suasana area Backlot .......................................................... 66!
Gambar 27 : Ruang Make-up .................................................................... 66!
Gambar 28 : Ruang kafetaria .................................................................... 67!
Gambar 29 : Ruang penggantian pakaian ................................................ 67!
Gambar 30 : Area pembuangan limbah produksi film ............................... 68!
Gambar 31 : Suasana Soundstage ........................................................... 71!
Gambar 32 : Spesifikasi ruang Soundstage .............................................. 71!
Gambar 33 : Suasana Workshop BIG studios .......................................... 72!
Gambar 34 : Kantor sewa BIG Easy Studios ............................................ 73!
Gambar 35 : Ruangan serbaguna di BIG Easy Studios ............................ 73!
Gambar 36 : MasterPlan Paramount Studios ........................................... 74!
Gambar 37 : Soundstage terbesar di Paramount ..................................... 75!
Gambar 38 : salah satu scene backlot di Paramount Studios .................. 76!
Gambar 39 : Backlot water tank ................................................................ 77!
Gambar 40 : Paramount Studios Workshop area ..................................... 77!
Gambar 41: Skema Kegiatan Pra - Produksi ............................................ 88!
Gambar 42 : Skema Kegiatan Produksi .................................................... 88!
Gambar 43 : Skema Kegiatan Post – Produksi ......................................... 89!
Gambar 44 : Skema Hubungan Sirkulasi Makro ..................................... 140!
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Gambar 45 : Skema Hubungan Sirkulasi Mikro Gedung Pengelola ....... 141!
Gambar 46 : Skema Hubungan Sirkulasi Mikro Gedung Produksi ......... 142!
Gambar 47 : Skema Hubungan Sirkulasi Mikro Gedung Editing Film .... 143!
Gambar 48 : Skema Hubungan Sirkulasi Mikro Area Syuting Film ......... 144!
Gambar 49 : Sketsa Gedung Soundstage .............................................. 150!
Gambar 50 : Sketsa Catwalk Gedung Soundstage ................................ 150!
Gambar 51 : Tampak Belakang Area Backlot ......................................... 151!
Gambar 52 : kondisi Latar pada area Backlot ......................................... 151!
Gambar 53 : Pondasi Footplate .............................................................. 158!
Gambar 54 : Pondasi Batu belah ............................................................ 159!
Gambar 55 : Pondasi Tiang Pancang ..................................................... 159!
Gambar 56 : Pondasi Bore Pile ............................................................... 160!
Gambar 57 : Struktur Rangka Beton Bertulang ...................................... 162!
Gambar 58 : Struktur Rangka Kolom Baja .............................................. 163!
Gambar 59 : Konvensional Floor ............................................................ 164!
Gambar 60 : Raised Floor ....................................................................... 164!
Gambar 61 : Konstruksi Atap Rangka Baja ............................................ 165!
Gambar 62 : Struktur Space Frame ........................................................ 166!
Gambar 63 : Struktur Space Truss ......................................................... 166!
Gambar 64 : Penutup lantai Keramik ...................................................... 168!
Gambar 65 : Penutup Lantai Vinyl .......................................................... 169!
Gambar 66 : Penutup Lantai Parquet ..................................................... 170!
Gambar 67 : Penutup lantai Concrete ..................................................... 171!
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Gambar 68 : Penutup lantai Karpet ......................................................... 172!
Gambar 69 : Dinding Bata ....................................................................... 173!
Gambar 70 : Penutup dinding Kalsiboard ............................................... 174!
Gambar 71 : Material peredam suara ..................................................... 174!
Gambar 72 : Material kaca untuk dinding ............................................... 175!
Gambar 73 : Material Plafond Gypsum Board ........................................ 176!
Gambar 74 : Material Plafond Papan PVC ............................................. 177!
Gambar 75 : Dak Beton .......................................................................... 178!
Gambar 76 : Penutup atap Kaca ............................................................. 179!
Gambar 77 : Penutup atap Galvalum ...................................................... 180!
Gambar 78 : Penerangan Dalam Ruangan ............................................. 182!
Gambar 79 : Lampu Spotlight ................................................................. 183!
Gambar 80 : Mesin AC Central ............................................................... 184!
Gambar 81 : Skema sistem Down Feed ................................................. 185!
Gambar 82 : Skema Biofiltration ............................................................. 186!
Gambar 83 : Pintu darurat kebakaran ..................................................... 189!
Gambar 84 : Smoke Detector ................................................................. 190!
Gambar 85 : Hydrant indoor .................................................................... 191!
Gambar 86 : APAR ................................................................................. 191!
Gambar 87 : Hydrant Outdoor ................................................................. 192!
Gambar 88 : Elevator .............................................................................. 194!
Gambar 89 : Ramp .................................................................................. 195!
Gambar 90 : CCTV ................................................................................. 196!
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Gambar 91 : Jalur FTTB ......................................................................... 197!
Gambar 92 : Peta Kecamatan Pagedangan ........................................... 200!
Gambar 93 : Peta Pembagian Kelurahan di Kecamatan Pagedangan ... 201!
Gambar 94 : Lokasi tapak Pertama ........................................................ 207!
Gambar 95 : Lokasi Tapak kedua ........................................................... 211!
Gambar 96 : Lokasi Tapak A .................................................................. 232!
Gambar 97 : Daerah Sekeliling Tapak .................................................... 233!
Gambar 98 : Belfast Harbour Studios ..................................................... 238!
Gambar 99 : Belfast Office ...................................................................... 238!
Gambar 100 : Belfast Studios ................................................................. 239!
Gambar 101 : Belfast Soundstage .......................................................... 240!
Gambar 102 : Besaran Soundstage Belfast ............................................ 241!
Gambar 103 : Soundstage Paramount Studios ...................................... 242!
Gambar 104 : Soundstage Savannah Studios ........................................ 244!
Gambar 105 : Soundstage Savannah Studios ........................................ 245!
Gambar 106 : Mini Soundstage Savannah Studios ................................ 246!
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 1 : Sarana dan Prasarana Industri Studio Perfilman ...................... 54!
Tabel 2 : Kelompok Kegiatan Utama Produksi Film .................................. 80!
Tabel 3 : Kelompok kegiatan Pengelola .................................................... 86!
Tabel 4 : Perfomance data Backlot ........................................................... 90!
Tabel 5 : Perfomance data Soundstage A ................................................ 91!
Tabel 6 : Perfomance data Soundstage B ................................................ 92!
Tabel 7 : Perfomance data production control room ................................. 93!
Tabel 8 : Perfomance data Green room .................................................... 94!
Tabel 9 : Perfomance data Dressing room ............................................... 95!
Tabel 10 : Perfomance data Workshop ..................................................... 96!
Tabel 11: Perfomance data Stock Unit ..................................................... 97!
Tabel 12 : Perfomance data Equipment room .......................................... 98!
Tabel 13 : Perfomance data Foley room ................................................... 99!
Tabel 14 : Perfomance data Scoring room ............................................. 100!
Tabel 15 : Perfomance data Sound and Audio transferring room ........... 101!
Tabel 16 : Perfomance data Audio dubbing studio ................................. 102!
Tabel 17 : Perfomance data Sound editorial room .................................. 103!
Tabel 18 : Perfomance data Ruang editing offline .................................. 104!
Tabel 19 : Perfomance data Editing Online ............................................ 105!
Tabel 20 : Perfomance data Laboratorium foto ....................................... 107!
Tabel 21 : Perfomance data Ruang Visual effects .................................. 107!
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Tabel 22 : Perfomance data Ruang Composting .................................... 109!
Tabel 23 : Perfomance data Ruang mixing ............................................. 110!
Tabel 24 : Perfomance data Photoshoot studio ...................................... 110!
Tabel 25 : Perfomance data Screening room ......................................... 111!
Tabel 26 : Perfomance data Klinik .......................................................... 113!
Tabel 27 : Perfomance data Kafetaria .................................................... 114!
Tabel 28 : Perfomance data Lapangan Olahraga ................................... 114!
Tabel 29 : Perfomance data Ruang Serbaguna ...................................... 115!
Tabel 30 : Perfomance data Ruang recepsionis ..................................... 116!
Tabel 31 : Perfomance data Ruang rapat ............................................... 117!
Tabel 32 : Perfomance data Ruang Eksekutif Produser ......................... 118!
Tabel 33 : Perfomance data ruang produser .......................................... 119!
Tabel 34 : Perfomance data Ruang Unit Manager .................................. 120!
Tabel 35 : Perfomance data ruang koordinator produksi ........................ 121!
Tabel 36 : Perfomance data ruang produksi ........................................... 122!
Tabel 37 : Perfomance data Ruang Direktur Utama ............................... 123!
Tabel 38 : Perfomance data Ruang manager ......................................... 124!
Tabel 39 : Perfomance data Ruang sekertariat ...................................... 125!
Tabel 40 : Perfomance data Ruang Bendahara ...................................... 126!
Tabel 41 : Perfomance data Ruang HRD ............................................... 127!
Tabel 42 : Perfomance data Ruang Staff ................................................ 128!
Tabel 43 : Perfomance data Ruang Arsip ............................................... 129!
Tabel 44 : Perfomance data Lavatory ..................................................... 130!
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Tabel 45 : Perfomance data Ruang Janitor ............................................ 131!
Tabel 46 : Perfomance data Pantry ........................................................ 132!
Tabel 47 : Perfomance data Ruang CCTV ............................................. 133!
Tabel 48 : Perfomance data Ruang MEE ............................................... 134!
Tabel 49 : Perfomance data Genset ....................................................... 135!
Tabel 50 : Perfomance data Ruang AHU ................................................ 136!
Tabel 51 : Perfomance data Gudang ...................................................... 137!
Tabel 52 : Perfomance data Pos keamanan ........................................... 138!
Tabel 53 : Jumlah Pengelola Kegiatan Produksi Film ............................. 145!
Tabel 54 : Jumlah Pengelola kegiatan pengelolaan ............................... 148!
Tabel 55 : Studi Besaran Backlot ............................................................ 151!
Tabel 56 : Studi Besaran Soundstage A ................................................. 152!
Tabel 57 : Studi Besaran Soundstage B ................................................. 152!
Tabel 58 : Studi Besaran Workshop ....................................................... 152!
Tabel 59 : Studi Besaran Bangunan Pengelola dan Editing ................... 153!
Tabel 60 : Studi Besaran perhitungan akhir ............................................ 154!
Tabel 61 : Tabel Perbandingan kelurahan di Kecamatan Pagedangan .. 205!
Tabel 62 : Tabel Perbandingan Keluarahan di Kecamatan Legok .......... 206!
Tabel 63 : Matriks kualitas Lokasi ........................................................... 207!
Tabel 64 : Spesifikasi Tapak Satu ........................................................... 208!
Tabel 65 : Spesifikasi Tapak Kedua ........................................................ 211!
Tabel 66 : Studi Besaran Backlot ............................................................ 218!
Tabel 67 : Studi Besaran Soundstage A ................................................. 219!
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Tabel 68 : Studi Besaran Soundstage B ................................................. 219!
Tabel 69 : Studi Besaran Workshop ....................................................... 219!
Tabel 70 : Studi Besaran Bangunan Pengelola dan Editing ................... 220!
Tabel 71 : Studi Besaran Perhitungan Akhir ........................................... 221!
Tabel 72 : Pemilihan Program Sub Structure .......................................... 223!
Tabel 73 : Pemilihan Program Super Structure ...................................... 224!
Tabel 74 : Pemilihan Program Enclousure Penutup Lantai .................... 225!
Tabel 75 : Pemilihan Program Enclousure Dinding ................................ 226!
Tabel 76 : Pemilihan Program Enclousure Plafond ................................ 227!
Tabel 77 : Pemilihan Program Pencahayaan Buatan ............................. 227!
Tabel 78 : Pemilihan Program Penghawaan Buatan .............................. 227!
Tabel 79 : Pemilihan Program SIstem Air Bersih .................................... 228!
Tabel 80 : Pemilihan Program Sistem Pengolahan Limbah .................... 228!
Tabel 81 : Pemilihan Program Telekomunikasi ....................................... 229!
Tabel 82 : Pemilihan Program Keamanan .............................................. 229!
Tabel 83 : Pemilihan Program Telekomunikasi ....................................... 229!
Tabel 84 : Pemilihan Program Pengamanan Kebakaran ........................ 230!
Tabel 85 : Pemilihan Program Transportasi Vertical ............................... 231!
Tabel 86 : Pemilihan Program Pemanfaatan Teknologi .......................... 231!
Tabel 87 : Spesifikasi Tapak A ................................................................ 233!
Tabel 88 : Noise control Criteria .............................................................. 242!
Tabel 89 : Sound Absosrbtion ................................................................. 243!