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rUbPaB³ kmµkrEsVgrkR)ak;cMNUlBIkargarenAkñúgeragcRkGareQImYyenAkñúgRbeTskm<úCa´segáteXIjfa mYyry³knøgmkenH rdæaPi)al)anEkTMrg;eKalneya)ay dUcCakardkhUt

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bEnßmelIsBIenH ÉksarmYyrbs;GgÁkarshRbCaCati kñúgqñaM 2007 )anraykarN_fa sMrab;RbCaCnkm<úCa RtInigplitplRtI )anrYmcMEnkdl;eTA 75° énkarhUb RbUetGIunsrub Edl)anmkBIRbPBstV ehIyRbCaCnCag 1lan nak;ciBa©wmCivitedaykaeensaT.

CaTUeTAkargarensaTenAkm<úCa ebItamkarsegátrbs;́ karensaTenAkm<úCa enAmanlkçN³ Ca®KYsarenAeLIy. ebItamcMnYn 45° énRbCaCnkm<úCaRbkb muxrbrensaT KWmanRbEhlCa

25°-35° ehIyEdleFVIkarensaTpÁt;pÁg;®KYsar cMEnkcMnYnGñkEdlenAsl;eRkABIenaH KWCa GñkemAkarLÚensaT/ QµÜjkNþal .l. karTTYlplBIkarensaTenH R)ak;cMNUlenATabenA eLIy b¤Gacniyay)anfa CaR)ak;cMNUlbEnßmEdl CamuxrbrTI2b¤k¾CakargarTI2 rbs;RbCaCn km<úCaEtb:ueNÑaH.

kargarmYyRbePTeTot rbs;RbCaCnkm<úCa KWkareFVI Gus-FüÚg. CMerOnRbCaCnTUTaMgRb eTs kñúgqñaM 1998 )anbgðajfa RbmaNCacMnYn 92° énRbCaCnsrub BwgEp¥kGaRs½yeTAelI Gus-FüÚg edIm,IcMGinGahar. enHCaGnupléRBmYyeTot EdlCakargarkñúgkarrk R)ak;cMNUl sMrab;Rkum®KYsarCaeRcInTICnbT.

eRkayBIrbbExµrRkhm)andYlrlMeTA RbeTskm<úCa)anebIkTMB½rRbvtþisaRsþfµImYyeTot KW mñak; RtUvxMtaMgBI)aTédTeTeTA GVI²EdlbnSl;TukBIrbbmunmantictYcNas; CaBiessEpñkFn FanmnusS/ ehdæarcnasm<½n§RtUvkMeTcesÞIrKµansl;. kñúglkçxNÐenH FnFanFmµCatiEdlman éRBeQI/ RtI nigEr:sMxan; )anedIrtYnaTIkñúgkarsßareLIgvij nUvesdækic©Cati. sMNg;pÞHsMEbg Rb CaCneyIgenAmanTMlab;sg;GMBIeQIenAeLIy enHCaktþaCMrujmYykñúgTajykplBIéRBeQI. b:uEnþebIBinitü eGay)anEmnETneTA eRkayBIsnñisiT§TIRkug ):arIsqñaM1993 mkRbeTskm<úCa TTYlykrbbTIpSaresrIeBjelj RbCaCnEdlmanedImTun k¾naMKñapulpuskab;éRBeQIykeTA lk;enAÉRbeTséf/ evotNam/ m:aeLsIu/ sIgðbUrI CaedIm R)ak;cMNUlEdl)an mkBIéRBeQIenH enAmankMrwt TabNas;ebIeFobnwg tMéllk;enAelITIpSarGnþrCati. enAkñúgqñaM1998 rdæk¾manvi FankarN_Qb;eGayman karkab;éRBeQIedayxusc,ab; bBaðaenH)anb:HBal;dl; bBaðaCIvPaB RbCaCnenACnbT. b:uEnþkarkab;éRBenAEtmanbnþeTAeTot cMeBaHbuKÁlNa EdlmanGMNac nig luykakFM.

dUecñHéRBeQInigRtIKWCa kargarrkR)ak;cMNUleGayRbCaCneyIg 80° EdlBYkKat;rs;enA tamTICnbT eRkABIkaremIlEfTaMERscMkarehIyenaH. cMeBaHcMnYnRbCaCnEdlecHEtekInenaH ehIyépÞdIEdlenAefr dUecñHkarrukrandIsMrab;daMdMNaMecHEtman. bBaðaenHbNþalmkBI kgVHkar gareRkABIksikmµ sMrab;RbCaCnfµIeFVI nigesckþIRtUvkark¾ekIneLIg. cMeBaHR)ak;cMNUlEdl )an mkBIGaCIvkmµenH minsßitesßr)anyYreLIy.

kareFVIkargarrYmKña rvagRbCaCnnigrdæaPi)al kñúgkarkab;rMlMéRBeQIenAkm<úCa )aneFVIeGay épÞdIéRBenAkm<úCa )anfycuHy:agkMhuk. tamB½t’manBIGgÁkareRkArdæaPi)aleQµaH Global

Witness )aneGaydwgfa cMnYn 2/6lan h/t/ kñúgkMLúgEt 30qñaM KWKitrab;cab;BI qñaM1970 dl; qñaM2002 dUecñHebIeyIgEckeTA kñúgmYyqñaMeyIg)at;bg; kñúgmYyqñaM 81 000 h/t/. karkab;eQI edayxusc,ab; enAkñúgRbeTseyIg manminelaHéf¶NaeLIy ebIeTaHbICamanc,ab;karBaréRBeQI y:agNak¾eday. müa:gvijeTot kMenInRbCaCn enATICnbT eFVIeGaymankarT®nÞanykdI nigkar rMelaPykdI )ankøayeTACabBaðamYyya:gFM sMrab;rdæaPi)alkm<úCasBVéf¶Edl RtUvEtedaHRsay eGay)anqab; edIm,IkMNt;TwsedAkñúgkarGPivDÆesdækic©Cati.

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cMeBaHEpñkClplvij tamRbPBmkBI UNDP 2007 )anbgðajeGaydwgfa sþúkRtITwk sab EdlGñkensaTtUctacGaceTAensaT)an KW)anFøak;cuHCabnþbnÞab;. CncMNakRsukkan;Et eRcIncUleTAkñúgtMbn;ensaT nigkareFVIeGayxUcRbB½n§eGkULÚsIu )aneFVIeGayFnFanClpl Føak; cuHehIyk¾kMBugEtFøak;cuHkñúgb:nµanqñaMknøgeTAenH. karkab;edIm,ITajykplcMeNjBIdIéRBlic Twknana )aneFVIeGayb:HBaldl;karBgkUnrbs;RtI nigsþúkRtI. cMeBaHGñkensaTtUctacCaeRcIn eFVIkarensaT edayxusc,ab;. enHsbBa¢ak;eGayeXIjfa BYkKat;cg;cab;RtIeGaykan;Et)an eRcIntamEdlGaceFVIeTA)an edayminKitdl;KuNvibtþieTAéf¶eRkay.

esckþIsnñidæankarbkRsayRtYs² edayelIkykbBaðakMenInkargar enAkñúgvis½yksikmµ enAkñúgRbeTs

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kargarRbePTenHnwgmankarFøak;cuH edayecjminrYc ehIykMlaMgBlkmµ EdleFVIkarkñúgmun rbb RbePTenH BMuTamTaeGaymancMeNHdwgb:unµaneT müa:gvijeTotbTBiesaTk¾mantictYc min GacykeTAeFVIkarkñúgvis½y]sSahkmµnigesvakmµ)anl¥eLIy. dUecñHenAeBlpøas;muxrbb BYk eKTamTaeFVIkarvwkhak;bMBak;bMb:nmuxCMnajbec©keTsNamYy.

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dUecñHeXIjfa km<úCasßitkñúgcMeNamRbeTs EdlmanRbCaCnekµgbMput enAelIBiPBelak eBalKWkñúgqñaM 2005 GñkEdlmanGayuticCag 15qñaM mancMnYnelIsBI 44° enHebItamstþiBI GgÁkarBlkmµBiPBelak. GayuminFmµtaenH manplb:HBal;y:ageRcIneTAelIesdækic©.

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dUctaragxageRkam )anbgðajRsab; vtþmanénPaBRkIRk manTMnak;TMngy:agxøaMg CamYynwg cMnYnsmaCikRKYsar. manEt 11/2° énRKYsarEdlmanKña2nak; b:ueNÑaHeT EdlsßitenAeRkam ExSbnþat;PaBRkIRk pÞúyeTAvijvtþmanénPaBRkIRk mankMrwty:agx<s;enAkñúgRKYsar Edlman smaCikeRcIn eBalKWmankMrwtGtibrimaesµInwg 58° enAkñúgRKYsarEdlmanKña 10nak;. Cakar BitNas;́ TTYlsÁal;fa PaBRkIRkminEmnbNþalmkBIcMnYnsmaCikRKYsarenaHeT b:uEnþKWbNþal mkBIcMnYnsmaCiky:ageRcInRtUvFøak;eTAelIbnÞúkGñkciBa©wm eBalKWGñkEdlkMBugEtRbkb kic©kar garesdækic©sBVéf¶enH. sUmemIltarag

tarag 3/1/ r)aykarN_énPaBRkIRktamTMhMcMnYnRKYsar kñúgqñaM 20051

smaCikRKYsarnak;

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1 0/4 2/42 3/4 11/23 9/9 21/34 15/2 25/35 18/0 35/06 17/6 38/87 14/9 43/08 11/2 48/09 5/5 49/1

10 2/6 58/111 0/7 46/8

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srub 100/0 36/1

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CaTUeTA bBaðaEdlsMxan;bNþalmkBI naTsvtSr_xagmux kMlaMgBlkmµnwgekIneLIgkñúg el,Ónd¾x<s;mYy EdlminFøab;manBImunmk. RbkarenHbNþalmkBI RkumyuvCnEdlekItenA kMLúgqñaMTsvtSr_TI90 nwgcUleTAkñúgTIpSarBlkmµ RbCamYyenH KWmanRbCaCnv½ycas;tictYc b:ueNÑaHEdlcakecjBITIpSarBlkmµ. tamBiteTA dMenIrkarenH)ancab;epþImrYceTAehIy. na bu:nµanqñaMknøgeTAenH bBaðaenHnwgeFVIeGaymansm<aFy:agF¶n;F¶reTAelIesdækic© kñúgkarbegáIt »kaspþl;kargar EdlmanplitPaBsMrab;CncMNUlfµI d¾eRcInenAkñúgkMlaMgBlkmµ. enHCaktþa mYyd¾sMxan;bMput EdlRtUvkMnt;kþIsgÇwmxagEp¥kesdækic©enAkm<úCa.

RbCaCnRbEhl 25mWunnak; )ancUlbEnßmkñúgkMlaMgBlkmµCaerogral;qñaM. enAqñaM2004 GRtayuvCnGayu 15-19qñaM man 27/8° nigRkumyuvCnGayu 20dl;24 qñaM man 16/6°.

dUecñHkMeNInyuvCn EdlRtUvkar»kaskargareFVI nigmanCMnajsmRsb KWCabBaðaRbQmmux EdlRtUvEtedaHRsay.

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karbegáItkargarminRKb;RKan; mkBIkarvinieyaKTunminmanRbsiT§PaB. yuvCnenAtamTICn bTmantMrUvkargareRcIn CaehtueFVIeGayBYkeKeFVIcMNakRsukxusc,ab;eTaRbeTs éf/ EdlkMBug EtmankarekIneLIg.

enAkñúgqñaM1998 mankmµkr 10 532 nak; RtUv)anbBa¢ÚnedayRsbc,ab;eTARbeTsm:aeL sIu/ 3 984nak;eTAkUer:xagt,Úg nig6114nak; eTARbeTséf. éfeK)anBüakrN_fa kñúgry³ eBlxagmuxenHRbeTsenHRtUvkarkMlaMgBlkmµcMnYn 6lannak; dUecñHRbeTsenHGacRsUbyk kMlaMgBlkmµBIRbeTseyIgEfmeTot.

kñúgbBaðaenHcMeBaHyuvCnkm<úCa TTYlrgplvi)akmYy nig sMNagmYy. Rtg;EdlyuvCnCUb plvi)akenaHKW enAeBlEdlkMlaMgesdækic© minGacbegáIt»kaskargar EdlsIusgVak;eTAnig kMenInRbCaCn. enAkñúgsßanPaBEbbenH karekIneLIgnUvkMlaMgBlkmµ nwgeFVIeGayplitPaB fycuH. RbkarenHGacmanrUbPaBCakarekIteLIgnUvkarEckrMElkkargareFVI nigkarpþl;kargar KñaeFVI nigkarpþl;kargarmin)anRKb;RKan;enAkñúgvis½yksikmµ nigkaredaHTl; eFVIkarbMlas;TIlM enA mkTIRkugedIm,IrkkargareFVI EdlCaTUeTARbePTkargarmanR)ak;cMNUlTab.

CalT§plénkarFøak;cuHnUvplitPaBBlkmµ R)ak;cMNUlnwgFøak;cuH ehIycMnUnGñkRtUvBwgEp¥k mankan;EteRcIn. ebIeyIgRkelkemIlmYyePøteTA esdækic©RbeTskm<úCakMBuglUtlas; eday sareyIgemIleTAelI plitplCatisrub b:uEnþkMeNInviC¢manenH )ammkedaysarEtkarekIneLIg énkMlaMgBlkmµEtb:ueNÑaH. PaBenAnwgfál; b¤k¾karFøak;cuHnUvR)ak;cMnUlbuKÁl nwgeFVIeGayfycuH nUvlT§PaBkarsnSMR)ak; EdlkMBugEtmanticRsab;enaH. RbkarenHvanwgCH\T§Bldl;kar

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