Lab Equipment Slides

8/11/2019 Lab Equipment Slides

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Common Lab

Equipment

LabEquipment

Your lab equipment should:1. Be clean before using it.

2. Be checked (if glassware) for cracks, brokenedges, and

stars

discard if damaged.3. Be washed, dried, and carefully stored in the

proper place when done using it.


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Beaker

Beakers hold solids

or liquids that will notrelease gases whenreacted, or areunlikely to splatter ifstirred or heated.

Very poor to measurevolume with (+/-5%)accuracy

Note the sizecapacity (250 mL inthis case)

Erlenmeyer Flask

Erlenmeyer flaskshold solids orliquids that mayrelease gasesduring a reactionor that are likely to

splatter if stirred orheated.

Note the size


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Volumetric Flask

Volumetric flasksare calibrated tohold a precisevolume. They areoften used fordilutions andpreparation ofsolutions.

Graduated Cylinder A graduatedcylinder is used tomeasure volumesof liquids probably your besteverydaymeasuring tool

Note the rubber

bumpers

, andalso the size.

Others that are smaller may not have

bumpers

, but have reinforced glass.


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Test Tubes

18 x 150 mm

13 x 100 mm

IgnitionTube

(25 x 200mm)

Test tubes are used to mix chemicals,and also to heat chemicals.

Test Tube Holder

A test tubeholder is usefulfor holding a testtube which is toohot to handle.

Knowing whereto hold this pieceof equipment isimportant.


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Test Tube BrushesTest tube brushesare used to cleantest tubes andgraduatedcylinders.

Forcing a largebrush into a smalltest tube will often

break the tube.Dont worry aboutdrying the inside ofa test tube.

Small test tube brush

Large test tube brush

Test Tube Racks

Test tube racks are for holding andorganizing test tubes on the laboratorycounter.


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Rubber StoppersRubber stoppers(also cork) are usedto close containersto avoid spillage orcontamination.

Containers shouldnever be heatedwhen there is astopper in place.

Watch GlassA watch glass isused to hold asmall amount ofsolid, such as theproduct of areaction.

Can also be usedas a cover for anevaporating dishor beaker.


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Stirring Rod

The stirring rod isused to:a) manually stirsolutions;b) assist in pouringliquids; andc) to transfer asingle drop of asolution.

Rubber policemantip is used to removeprecipitates.Stir with this end.

Dropper Pipet

A dropper pipetis used totransfer a smallvolume of liquid,usually one dropat a time.

On top of each dropper is a rubber bulb

never put your mouth on the dropper toprovide suction


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Litmus Paper Red litmus

paper is used toidentify bases :

Red turns blue,Blue stays blue

Blue litmuspaper is used to

identifyacids

:Blue turns red,Red stays red

Forceps

Forceps are used to hold or pick upsmall objects.


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Funnel

A funnel isused to aid inthe transfer ofliquids fromone vessel toanother, andwill hold filterpaper whilefiltering.

Graduated Pipet

A graduatedpipet measuresand deliversexact volumesof liquids uses a rubberbulb forsuction.


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Buret or Burette

A burette ismarked with amilliliter scale andfitted with astopcock to allowfor deliveringmeasureablevolumes of liquid.

Wash Bottle A wash bottle has aspout that deliversa water stream to aspecific area.

Distilled water isthe only liquid thatshould be used ina wash bottle

During use, keep the bottleupright as shown, a tube goesto the bottom of the bottle todraw water.

DistilledWater


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Weighing Boat

! Weighing boats are used to weigh solidsthat will be transferred to another vessel.! Squares of paper may also be used for

this purpose throw them away after using.! Never put chemicals directly on thebalance scale it leaves residue and canharm the balance

Electronic Balance! Electronicbalances are veryaccurate, highlydependable, andrugged.! The digitaldisplay makes themass value veryeasy to determine.

On

button Off

button Tare

button

Place item here to mass

Parris 103


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Spatula

Spatulas are usedto dispense solidchemicals fromtheir containers.

Chemicals should

never betransferred withyour bare hands.

Beaker TongsBeaker tongsare used tomove beakerscontaining hotliquids.

Note the rubbercoating toimprove grip onthe glass beaker- do not holdthis in a burnerflame.


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BurnerBurners are usedfor the heating ofnonvolatile liquidsand solids.

Hot plates will beused to gently heatany flammablechemicals.

Evaporating Dish

The evaporatingdish is used forheating stablesolid compoundsand elements, aswell as forevaporatingnonvolatilesolutions.


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Crucible and cover

Crucibles are usedfor heating certainsolids, particularlymetals, to veryhigh temperatures.The cover can beused to containany smokeparticles.

Clay Triangle

The clay triangle isused as a supportfor crucibles whenbeing heated overa lab burner.

It can also be usedto support a funnelwhen filtering.


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Crucible Tongs

For handling hotcrucibles; also usedto pick up other hotobjects - NOT to beused for picking upbeakers!

Ringstands and their Components

Ringstands are a safeand convenient way toperform reactions thatrequire heating using alab burner.

Can also be used as an

insulating pad to placehot objects while theycool.


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Ringstands and their ComponentsRing Clamp

Ring clamps connectto a ringstand, andprovide a stable,elevated platform fora beaker to be heated.

Will also hold a claytriangle and funnelduring filtering.

Ringstands and their ComponentsTest tube Clamps

Test tube clamps areused to secure testtubes, distillationcolumns, and buretsto the ringstand.


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Ringstands and their ComponentsDouble Buret Clamps

Double Buretclamps areused to secureburets (longgraduatedtubes used intitrations) tothe ringstand.

Ringstands and their ComponentsWire Gauze

Wire gauze sits onthe iron ring toprovide a place tostand a beaker.

On older wire gauze,

the white materialwas asbestos currently it is aceramic.


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Lighter

These strikers areused to light labburners.

The flints onstrikers areexpensive. Do not

operate the strikerrepeatedly just tosee the sparks!

Flask Tongs

Used tohold a flaskby the neckafter beingheated.


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Gloves, Apron, Goggles

Provideprotectionfromchemicalspills andsplashes

Eyewash Station Push this handle toturn on the water itwill stay on until youpull it to turn off.

Flush your eyes for15-20 minutes!


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Safety Shower

Lots of waterwill comepouring outhere to rinsechemicalsspilled onyou.

This is the handleto pull to activatethe safety shower.

Fire Extinguisher


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Fume Hood

Hood is usedto mixchemicalsthat producea gas

Fire Blanket

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