Lab 8 – Groundwater and Glaciers
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Transcript of Lab 8 – Groundwater and Glaciers
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Lab 8 – Groundwater and Glaciers
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Groundwater Definitions• Water Table• Zone of aeration
(Undersaturated zone/vadose zone)
• Zone of saturation (Saturated zone/phreatic zone)
• Flow lines• Aquifers• Water table contour
lines – indicate depth to water table, like a topo map
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Aquifers
• Types of Aquifers– Confined– Unconfined
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Wells/Cones of Depression
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Wells/Cones of Depression
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Groundwater Contamination
• Maybe be from large area or a point source
• Hard to trace path (unknown karst features, lithologies, etc.)– May end up in unexpected location
• May have extremely long residence time
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Karst• Karst – distinctive topography that
indicates dissolution of underlying rock (usually LS)– Sinkholes– Solution valleys (linear sinkhole)– Springs– Disappearing streams
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Glacial Environments• Glaciers – ice masses
formed from the accumulation of snow– Move down slope due
to weight– Transport sediment – May advance or
retreat depending on climatic conditions
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Glacial Environments
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Glacial Deposits• Drift – deposits left
behind after a glacier melts– Till – unstratified drift
(no water transport)– Stratified drift (melt
water transport)
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Types of Glaciers• Cirque glaciers – small, semicircular to
triangular glaciers that form on the sides of mountains.
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Types of Glaciers• Valley glaciers – long
glaciers that flow down stream valleys in the mountains.
• Piedmont glaciers – mergers of two or more valley glaciers at the foot of a mountain range.
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Types of Glaciers• Ice sheets – vast
ice mounds that cover large portions of a continent (i.e., Greenland or Antarctica).