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Executive Summary 0

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Project Management Office Kitcharao, Agusan del Norte

Executive Summary 1

I. INTRODUCTION 1.0 Background/Rationale Lake Mainit is the fourth largest lake in the country. It has a surface area of 149.865 km² more or less and lakeshore measuring about 62.10 kms. The lake belongs to Surigao del Norte and Agusan del Norte. It falls within the jurisdiction of the municipalities of Mainit, Alegria, Kitcharao and Jabonga. The lake is reported to be the habitat of rare fish species: the puyo or climbing perch and gabot. The species are said to have become rare due to the introduction of new fish species. Around the lake are habitats of other rare threatened wildlife. This gives the lake and its surrounding area a high ecological value, prompting a proposal to declare the Lake Mainit Watershed as a protected area under the National Integrated Protected Area System (NIPAS). The lake is very scenic. Its water has remained generally clear and clean. There are various points around it that are potential for tourist attractions. The Caraga Tourism Master Plan identified the lake area as one of the region’s tourism zones primarily for adventure and ecotourism. Major projects have been put in place in the area and various proposed interventions, which, include the establishment of a mini hydropower plant and flood control project in Jabonga, construction of more access roads and tourism project, among others, will be implemented. All of these will provide development opportunities to the area; however, some may bring threats, which could exacerbate the problems that are now being felt in the area. The stakeholders recognized the need to undertake careful planning and coordination of all policies and actions to sustainably manage the development of the lake resource. This concern prompted the Provincial Governments of Surigao del Norte and Agusan del Norte to establish a mechanism that could provide policy guideline in the protection, conservation, utilization and management of the ecosystem. With the assistance and interventions of the Local Government Support Program, the Lake Mainit Development Alliance (LMDA) was established on March 9, 1999. The creation of the Lake Mainit Development Alliance (LMDA) caters to the sustainable development of the area. Its thrusts, as outlined in the Environmental Management Plan (EMP), provide policy interventions in the implementation of programs, projects and related activities in the lake area. This document attempts to integrate the environmental management plan, municipal local development plans which include Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP), Executive Agenda (EA), among others, to come up with a local sustainable development plan for lake Mainit. This plan is called the Lake Mainit Development Agenda, which attempts to integrate social, economic, technological, human, political, cultural and spiritual dimensions in the EMP. It also provides mechanism for the active participation of stakeholders in the management of the lake resource.

Executive Summary 2

2.0 Objectives The Lake Mainit Development Agenda serves as a blue print for sustainable development agenda, that adheres to cohesive framework to provide policy-reference in the implementation of programs and projects. Specifically, the LA 21 serves as the basis to: 1. Ensure pro-active participation of the government, private sector, civil society, business and

other stakeholders in the sustainable management of the lake resources; 2. Compliment the implementation of various programs/projects of government and non-

government organizations; and 3. Provide unified policy interventions in the implementation of programs and projects.

Integration Process The Governance for Philippine Agenda 21: Subprogramme on Localization (GO PA 21) Project has been an instrument in advancing the localization of Philippine Agenda 21, the local blue print for sustainable development in the country. With the GO PA 21 intervention, the LMDA has broadened its understanding in terms of managing the limited resources in line with sustainable development concepts. The logical step to follow after the strengthening of mechanisms and processes that advance sustainable development is the actual integration of sustainable development (SD) concepts into local development plans. This move is necessary in order to operationalize the concepts, and at the same time produce a concrete output as a document that serves as policy reference, for implementation of development programs and projects. Several legal contexts also pose as legitimate basis for the need to upgrade the existing EMP into a local agenda 21. Foremost is MO 47, issued last 1999, which direct the formulation of local sustainable, integrated, area-based development (SIAD) plans, as a continuing commitment to localize Philippine Agenda 21. A workshop entitled “Integration of SIAD in the Environment Management Plan of LMDA” was conducted to respond to the need to enhance the LMDA-Environmental Management Plan according to SD parameters and ensure that sustainable management of the lake is affected. A total of 46 participants attended the 3-day activity. 29 were LMDA members, while17 were from civil society organizations and the private sector. After the integration workshop, LMDA conducted a three-day writeshop. The writeshop attempted to integrate the basic elements of SD in the existing LMDA EMP and come-up with a Lake Mainit Development Agenda. Specifically, the writeshop intended to:

a. Integrate the proposed changes in the EMP, as reflected in the outputs of the

workshop (reformulated component objectives, additional/revised sub-components, change of component titles, other recommendations as outlined in the workshop outputs)

b. Determine the final list of programs/projects for each of the component (High-Impact projects as priorities)

Executive Summary 3

c. Formulate complete project briefs for all the identified high impact projects per component.

The output of the Writeshop is a draft LMDA Development Agenda, which will serve as a complete guide in the sustainable management of the lake. However, this document still has to be subjected to series of consultation, preferably at the municipal level, involving all the major stakeholders (LGU, CSOs, private sector). The Lake Mainit Development Agenda shall be presented to the relevant development planning bodies and the local legislative bodies (provincial and municipal levels), and the LCEs. These activities will solicit and secure the support of the Provincial and Municipal Development Councils to the Lake Mainit Development Agenda, through legislated policies, such as ordinances, resolutions, or budget allocation in support of the plan. Lake Mainit Watershed: The Planning Unit

The watershed framework as the basis for delineating the planning area. Watershed refers to the area that is drained by a common river system. For this particular plan, The planning unit covered the bigger Lake Mainit watershed which extends from Sison, Mainit and Tubod in Surigao del Norte and down to Tubay in Agusan del Norte. It covers all rivers that flow into Lake Mainit, the whole length of Kalinawan River and all its tributaries (See Figure 2). Activities within the watershed can have impacts on the lake or Kalinawan River, which will ultimately affect the coastal area of Tubay.

The ridges of mountains serve as the natural boundaries of the watershed. Since these boundaries do not coincide with the political boundaries, there are some municipalities, which are not totally within the Lake Mainit watershed. In fact, only 81 out of 99 barangays are found inside the watershed. ( See Figure1 )

Distribution of Area, Barangay and Population (2000) Within the Lake Mainit Watershed Province/

Municipality

Area Within Watershed (Ha)

% of Total Watershed Area

Barangays Within

Watershed

Population Within

Watershed

Surigao del Norte

Sison Tubod Mainit Alegria

Others

24,728 1,310 4,420 9,772 6,310 2,916

28 % 1.5 % 5.1 % 11.2 % 7.2 % 3.3 %

45

3 9

21 12

47.715 1,188 * 10,923 23,417 12,923

Agusan del Norte Kitcharao Jabonga Santiago Tubay Others (Cabadbaran)

62,344 10,485 19,060 16,834 7,450 8,515

72 % 12.0 % 21.9 % 19.3 % 8.6 % 9.8 %

36

9 11 8 8

67,462 15,950 20,501 17,925 17,668

Total 87,072 100 % 81 120,495

Source: NSO

Executive Summary 4

Figure 1

Lake Mainit Development Alliance

POLITICAL BOUNDARIES

TUBOD

MAINIT

SISON

ALEGRIA KITCHARAO

JABONGA

SANTIAGO

TUBAY

Lake Mainit

Kalinawan River

Executive Summary 5

Figure 2


1

2

3

4

5 6

7

8

9

10

13

11

12

TUBOD

MAINIT

ALEGRIA

KITCHARAO

JALIOBONG

SANTIAGO

TUBAY

Lake Mainit

Legend: Watershed Boundary Line

River

Creeks

Municipal

Executive Summary 6

WATERSHED/DRAINAGE MAP Out of the total area of watershed, about 75 % are classified as forestlands and the remaining 25 % are Alienable and Disposable land. The remaining old growth forests can only be found at present in patches in Alegria, Jabonga and Santiago. Large areas of the forestlands are being used for agriculture. The watershed is in the typhoon belt. It is exposed to 7 % of the typhoons that hit the country every year. During these typhoons and heavy rains, flooding occurs in the lakeshore barangays of the four municipalities. The point of confluence of the Kalinawan and Aciga Rivers as well as the mouth of Kalinawan River in Tubay are flood prone areas. The annual flooding adversely affects the Riceland and other agricultural areas surrounding the Lake and those along the Kalinawan River. The major economic activities within the watershed are agriculture and fishing. Primary agricultural products are rice, coconut and banana. There are 2,392 hectares of irrigated lands within the planning area, covered by 33 irrigation systems. There are 56 barangays within the watershed, which are dependent on fishing. From the lake (31 barangays), for river (17 barangays) and sea (5 barangays). Lake Mainit and Kalinawan River are the important fishing areas although fishing activities in Lake Pagusi (Santiago), Lake Mahukdan (Tubod) and Mayag River (Mainit) are also significant. Studies indicate that fishing gears and practices have not changed much through the years. Meanwhile the fish catch volume is said to have decreased. Some local fish species have diminished significantly and replaced by new, introduced species. Although the watershed area has gold, limestone, marble, copper, silver and coal deposits, there are no large-scale mining activities in the area. Small-scale gold mining is ongoing in 16 barangays. There are however applications for Mineral Sharing Agreements that are pending with the DENR. Tourism and manufacturing at present is composed of a small sector of the economy. These are expected to increase in significance with the proposed development of an agro-industrial center in Tubay and the implementation of the Caraga Tourism Master Plan. Large sectors of the population in the watershed have access to education and health facilities, and potable water supply. Only a few barangays have no road access and electricity. Only three municipalities within the wartershed have organized garbage collection systems. 4.0 Current Threats to Lake Mainit The Lake Mainit can be divided into five ecological zones, uplands, lowlands, rivers, lakes and coastal area including estuary. The inter-relatedness of one to the other is so significant in the identification of impact being introduced to one ecological zone. This impact, although zone-specific, it has threats to pose to other zones. For example, the upland denudation will impact to lowland specifically during rainy days (because of floods and siltation)

Executive Summary 7

The following are observed threats to the Lake Mainit Watershed:

� Forest Denudation. Timber poaching, firewood gathering, kaingin system and illegal logging contributed to the denudation of the upland resource. Unless the community become aware and concern of the status of their environment and its significance to their needs, the problem cannot be resolved. Siltation in some rivers is now evident and the problem that goes along with it has impact to the environment. Water quality will also be affected as caused by soils erosion with accompanying pollutants coming from the use of insecticides and pesticides.

� Mining. The small-scale mining operations in the gold rush areas of Alegria, Kitcharao,

and Santiago, which uses flushing method with chemicals pollute the water resources. The use of this method should be stopped and the LGU must come up with an intervention to make this small-scale miners become responsible in the sustainable management of this resource.

� Use of Agro-Chemical. Irrigated land operators are adopting intensified to improve

productivity by the use of chemical fertilizer, which has negative impact on the environment. All stakeholders should push advocacy in the use of organic fertilizers. Convert the indigenous biodegradable materials into fertilizers to reduce cost of production.

� Unsustainable Fishing Practices. Fishing practices that are not sound like the use of fine

mesh nets, electrocution, use of chemicals, etc pose threat to the fishery resources. Using fine mesh nets and chemicals, and electrocution distract the growth of the juveniles; the fish population will be reduced. The LGU and the community must not tolerate these practices. Strict implementation of fishery laws must be emphasized.

� Increasing population in settlements near the lake. These increase the pressures on

fishery resources. There are garbage and waste disposal problems in these settlements, which could eventually affect the water quality of lake.

� Loss of Wetland. Loss of wetland changes the biodiversity of the Lake Mainit. The

conversion of wetlands into rice paddies forces the other living creatures in the wetland to migrate to other far area or die. To protect and maintain the remaining flora and fauna in the area, the destruction of natural resources should be attended to by the concerned agency or LGU.

Although, all the above-mentioned threats do not produce serious problems at present, mitigating measures to minimize or prevent the negative impact should be identified and must be implemented and observed by all stakeholders. The LMDA, as the primary policy-formulator, shall see to it that all policies and other existing national laws be categorically implemented.

Executive Summary 8

III. VISION, MISSION, STRATEGIES

1.0 Vision The eight municipalities and two provinces share this vision for the Lake Mainit watershed area: “Lake Mainit as a diverse ecosystem with safe and crystal clear waters surrounded by verdant mountains and endowed with abundant natural resources, and as an ecotourism destination sustainably managed by an empowered citizenry for economic development and environmental protection” 2.0 Mission In relation to the vision, this encompassing mission guides the plan: “With the aid of Divine Providence guided by the principles of growth and development between communities and generation through skilled and resourceful personnel, the LMDA supports and assists the Local Government Units in the effective and efficient delivery of basic services, enforcement of environmental laws and policies to pursue the sustainable development and management of Lake Mainit through promotion of ecological and recreational values, conservation, protection of natural resources, enhancement of economic activities, people empowerment for the improvement of the quality of life of its constituents”. 3.0 Strategies To achieve this mission, the following general strategies will be adopted: � Implementation of resource-enhancing activities;

• Establishment of fish sanctuary

• Reforestation

• Agro-forestry

• River Bank Stabilization

• Resource Assessment and Limnological Study

• Rehabilitation of watershed

• Eco-tourism Development

• Marsh Rehabilitation

� Forest land use/micro watershed planning;

• Harmonize existing local plans to Strategic Agricultural and Fisheries Development Zones (SAFDZs) and other development plans

� Enforcement of environmental laws and regulations pertaining to waste disposal pollution

and resource utilization;

• Issuance and unification of municipal ordinances

• Conduct regular monitoring activities

Executive Summary 9

• Enactment of Ordinances & Resolutions

� Strengthening of system for policy, planning and implementation coordination;

Well coordinated/orchestrated system among LGUs, line agencies be effected

Close coordination among stakeholders be stressed

� Information, education and communication and establishment of systems/structure for community participation;

• Radio plugging, flyers, brochures and other materials be extended to all stakeholders

Production of local dialects flyers and brochures

� Capacitation of LGUs & civil Society in resource management;

Strengthen LGUs participation in LMDA activities

Transparency in the implementation of project/program

Capability Building

� Establishment of common database;

LMDA to consolidate and update data for easy reference of stakeholders

Establishment of LMDA mini library

� Conduct of studies to improve understanding of the lake and enrichment of the database

• Research and development studies conducted by external group be coordinated by LMDA to become aware of the current situation of the lake area

Key Actors

LGU’s & Province’s Agusan del Norte Surigao del Norte Kitcharao Alegria Jabonga Mainit Santiago Tubod Tubay Sison Line Agencies DENR BFAR NEDA PIA DOT DA Academe Business Sector Farmers/Fisherfolks NGOs/POS

Executive Summary 10

IV. ACTION AGENDA 4.1 Enhanced Component Objectives Enhancements were made in the existing EMP components and objectives by subjecting it to consistency test using MISP Action Impact Matrix. The enhanced component objectives reflect the general and specific concerns of PA21 and sustainable development dimensions. Several high impact projects, programs, and activities were proposed in operationalizing the re-formulated/enhanced objectives of the EMP components. High impact projects for each sub-component are listed in the succeeding page.

a. Upland Development and Management Component Upland Development and Management component considers important the implication of upland activities in the low-lying areas and bodies of water. The degradation of uplands and the depletion on forest resources bring about the environmental problems such as siltations in rivers, flashfloods and others, following objectives:

1. To define the appropriate land uses for the forestlands in the watershed considering both environmental concerns and the requirements of the growing population. Essentially, this aims to delineate the areas for protection and those which can be used for production purposes, and ensure that these are under some form of management.

2. To rehabilitate open and degraded areas and protect existing forests from all forms of destruction (i.e., forest fires, pests and diseases, illegal logging, encroachment)

3. To promote greater awareness among local population on the importance of the forest ecosystem and the ill effects of forest destruction.

4. To encourage the participation of various sectors in protection and rehabilitation works.

5. To improve the quality of life among upland dwellers/IP’s through the introduction of sustainable farming systems in the production areas

6. To provide legislative measures for the protection, preservation and conservation of upland resources

7. To protect/preserve the endangered flora and fauna within the watershed area

8. To preserve scenic/aesthetic/natural sites for eco-tourism 9. To protect and preserve the values, beliefs, customs and traditions of upland

dwellers 10. To capacitate upland stakeholders in participatory implementation, monitoring

and evaluation of development projects 11. To assist in producing baseline information of upland resources through

participatory resource assessment

b. River Management Component The river management component will primarily serve to complement interventions in the uplands to minimize the problems of siltation and pollution not only in the lake but also the whole length of Kalinawan Rivers and its exit at Tubay. Several of these rivers are also used as


fishing areas to support the livelihood of the community along the river. Also, rivers are considered to be potential for eco-tourism. This component has the following objectives:

1. To reduce the threats of pollution, erosion and siltation, and flooding 2. To support the livelihood of barangays dependent on river fishing 3. To promote community participation in river management. 4. To promote eco-tourism development in the preservation and protection

of rivers.

c. Lake Management Component Lake Management component deals with the importance of the Lake Mainit as the main source of income to fishefolks in 31 lakeshore barangays and sources of food. It is expected that Eco- tourism will also increase in significance as an economic sector in the future. It will also maintain its Biodiversity. This component has the following objectives:

1. To determine baseline data/profile of the lake & its resources 2. To enhance the productivity of the lake and thus help improve the welfare of

the lakeshore communities 3. To promote greater participation by lakeshore communities in the

management of the lake 4. To protect & conserve endangered aquatic resources in the lake

d. Solid Waste Management Component

The Lake Management component addresses the impact of improper waste disposal, which may pollute the lake and rivers. Various local government units have conducted solid waste measures to address the growing problem on solid waste. Together with the LMDA, community level education and awareness building shall be conducted and will encourage the practice of the 3R approach: Reduce, Re-use and Recycle. In order to have a healthy environment, this component has the following objectives:

1. To improve the waste collection and disposal system in the municipality 2. To develop greater awareness among the local population on waste

management and encourage community participation 3. To institutionalize solid waste management in the Barangay level 4. To coordinate resource study on solid waste management 5. To recommend to Provincial & Municipal Sanggunian members policies

on solid waste management. 6. To institutionalize mechanism to implement solid waste management in

the barangay level 7. To develop and utilize solid waste management technology

e. Institutional Strengthening Component

The Institutional Strengthening Component addresses the need of LMDA in providing mechanism to ensure coordination and cooperation among the various sectors. This component deals with the conduct of capacity-building activities, information, education and


communication, linkaging/networking and resource mobilization. This component has the following objectives:

1. To provide quality-integrated inputs on effective organizational

management to project staff thru:

• Training

• Distance education

• Cross visits and observation tours 2. To provide quality-integrated skills, attitudes and knowledge through

seminars/workshops and other IEC to all stakeholders 3. To establish strong partnership among the different stakeholders in the

society 4. To establish a systematic, accessible, informative and update database 5. To actively advocate for legislations which promote SIAD-integrated

planning and implementation of projects 4.2 Targets & Implementation Schedules: The enhancement of the existing EMP resulted to the reorganization of the Sub-component activities. The resulting project proposals during the Integration of SIAD were therefore organized into an enhance version to ensure that SD parameter will be incorporated in the local Agenda. Presented below are activities that make up each component and their corresponding targets. Component : Upland Development & Management

Sub-Component Total

Targets Year 1

Year 2

Year 3

Year 4

Year 5

Responsibility Centers

Forest Land Use Planning/Watershed Management

FLUP for the whole watershed

LGUs, DENR, DA, DOT, NIA, PMO

Reforestation/ Plantation/Establishment

2 674 has.

LGUs, DENR 369 660 640 535 470

Agro-forestry Dev’t

160 has.

LGUs, DENR, DA 30 45 35 30 20

Tree Park Establishment

50 has.

LGUs, DENR, DA

5 10 15 10 10

Nursery Establishment

8 has.

LGU, DENR, PMO 2 2 2 1 1

Eco-tourism Development

Upland 8 sites

LGU, DENR, DOT, PMO 2 2 2 2

Forest Resource Assessment

Forestland

LGU, DENR Monitoring

TOTAL 406 717 694 578 501


Component : Lake Management

Sub-Component Total

Targets Year 1

Year 2

Year 3

Year 4

Year 5


Municipal Sanctuaries

200 has.

LGUs, DENR, BFAR 100 50 25 25

Buffer Zone Delineation and Perimeter Planting

60 km.

LGUs, DENR, DOT

10 15.5 11.5 11.5 11.5

Fish seeding

Whole lake

LGUs, BFAR

Water quality monitoring

8 sites

LGUs, DENR 2 4 2 Monitoring

Strengthening of FARMCs

Lake wide

LGUs, BFAR

Lake Resources Assessment

Lake wide

PMO, BFAR Monitoring

Lake grass Protected areas

200 has.

LGU, BFAR 50 50 50 50

Freshwater culture

250 has.

LGU,BFAR 50 50 50 50 50

TOTAL 200 has 10 km.

150 has 15.5 km

125 has 11.5km

125 has 11.5 km

50 has 11.5 km

Component : River Management Sub-Component

Total Targets

Year 1

Year 2

Year 3

Year 4

Year 5


Riverbank buffer Zone stabilization

100 km; 11 rivers

LGUs, DENR 20 km 25 km 25 km 20 km 10 km

Evaluation of Mining & Quarry Sites

9 rivers

LGUs, DENR 6 3 Monitoring

Mangrove/Marsh Rehabilitation

100 ha

LGUs, DENR, BFAR 10 20 20 25 25

Fish Sanctuaries/ Seeding

14 ha

LGUs, BFAR 3 3 3 3 2

Rechanneling of Aciga River

4 km.

LGUs, DENR, BFAR

Rechanneling of Bangonay River

2 km

LGUs, DENR, BFAR

Deepening of Kalinawan River

4 km @ 4 sites

PMO, DENR, LGUs 2 2

Const. of Riverbank protection / structure

2000 meters

LGU, DPWH 300 m. 400 m. 500 m. 400 m. 400 m.

River Tour

Kalinawan River

DOT, LGU

TOTAL 13 has 28.3 km

28.3 has 27.4 km

23 has 25.5 km

28 has 20.4 km

27 has 10.40 km


Component : Solid Waste Management

Sub-Component Total Targets

Year 1

Year 2

Year 3

Year 4

Year 5


Monitoring & Inspection of Waste Disposal Systems

HH in Urban & lakeshore barangays

LGUs, DENR

Dumpsite dev’t & maintenance

13 has.

LGUs, DENR 13 Maintenance

Establishment of Garbage collection System a. Garbage vehicle b. Garbage Receptacles

9 vehicles for 8 muns. Lakewide 8 brgys.

LGUs

4 5 Maintenance

16 16 16 16 17

Study on Waste Recycling & Marketing

Study Completed

TOTAL 13 has 17 brgys.

5 veh 19brgys

.

16 brgys.

16 brgys.

17 brgys.

Component : Institutional Management Sub-component

Total Target

Year 1

Year 2

Year 3

Year 4

Year 5


Capability Building

Lakewide

LMDA / LGUs

Establishment of Information System

PMO

LMDA

IEC

Lakewide

LMDA / LGUs

Legislation & Enforcement

Lakewide

LGUs

Networking & Linkaging

National / International

LMDA

Total


Investment Requirements and Fund Sources It is estimated that the implementation of the plan over a five-year period would require at least P 171,950,450 million. The breakdown of the estimated cost by component and year is given below:

Component

Annual Estimated Cost Total Estimated

Cost

%0f Total Estimated

cost

Year 1

Year 2

Year 3

Year 4

Year 5

1. Uplands Mgt. 14,753,000 16,442,000 15,988,000 12,940,000 9,710,000 69,833,000 41 %

2. River Mgt. 30,480,000 10,597,000 15,507,000 491,000 465,000 57,540,000 33.5 %

3. Lake Mgt. 7,145,000 4,772,900 3,857,900 3,757,900 3,007,900 65,041,450 13 %

4. Solid Waste Mgt. 4,265,000 7,141,000 2,790,000 1,600,000 2,240,000 18,036,000 10.5 %

5. Institutional Mgt. 1,100,000 600,000 1,100,000 600,000 600,000 4,000,000 2 % Grand Total 57,743,000 39,552,900 39,242,900 19,388,900 16,022,900 171,950,450 100%

% of Total Estimated Cost

34 %

23 %

23 %

11 %

9 %

100 %

It should be noted that the upland management component has the highest share of the total estimated cost. Over the five-year period, it is on the first year when the funding requirement is highest: P 57,743,000 million or about 34 % of the total estimated cost. Due to limited funding available at the LGUs and participating line agencies, the Alliance will have to seek for funding for most of the planned activities. The specific activities in the various components that may require external funding support are the identified in the main report. Also listed are the potential sources of funding that maybe explored. Institutional Arrangements The Lake Mainit Development Agenda will be implemented by respective LGU & concerned agencies under the coordination of the Alliance. The Alliance has a Board which consists of the Local chief Executives of the two provincial and eight municipal LGUs and the regional Directors of the NEDA, DENR, DA, DOT, PIA, BFAR & representative from the civil society. A Project Management Office (PMO), which is headed by a Director shall serves as the secretariat of the Board. The Alliance was just formalized last March 1999 and it is at the interim stage. It has established its office at Kitcharao, Agusan del Norte. It is manned by two administrative staff and headed by the Director. The current arrangement is for the interim PMO to be complimented by technical person seconded from the different LGUs. With respect to the implementation of this plan, the major tasks of the PMO will be as follows:

1. Coordinate with the concerned LGUs and the line agencies. Prepare the detailed annual Work & Financial Plan for the PMO with the approval of the Board;

2. Source out funding for the implementation of the various components;


3. Establish linkages with relevant institutions which can support plan

implementation; 4. Coordinate the inputs of different actors to particular components to ensure

smooth implementation 5. Spearhead the implementation of activities that need to be carried out at the

watershed level (e.g., IEC, training); 6. Conduct the necessary policy, feasibility, capability assessments, impacts

and make the other studies for specific plans components; 7. Regularly review implementation progress and evaluate project impacts and

make the necessary adjustments to the plan;

8. Regularly submit report to the Board on the progress of plan implementation; 9. Maintain record of policy decisions and recommendations of the Board and

disseminate such to the concerned LGUs for appropriate action;

10. Establish and maintain an environmental database. The plan assigns most of the implementation responsibilities to the LGUs and the participating line agencies. It will be task of the Provincial and Municipal Action Officers and point persons from the line agencies to ensure that the necessary budgets and staff are in place, and that activities are being undertaken as planned. They are to provide regular reports to the PMO and feedback on policy issues and questions that need to be addressed by the Board. Organizational Structure (Interim Stage)

BOARD

PMO Director

Deputy Director

1 – Agusan del Norte

1 – Surigao del Norte

Administrative &

Finance

(Host LGU)

Planning, IEC & Institutional

Strengthening

Monitoring and Evaluation and

Databank

Action

Officer

Mainit

Action

Officer

Alegria

Action

Officer

Tubod

Action Officer

Sison

Action

Officer

Kitcharao

Action

Officer

Jabonga

Action

Officer

Santiago

Action

Officer

Tubay


Monitoring and Evaluation Monitoring and evaluation will be undertaken at two levels: progress or output level and impact level. The first will deal with the physical outputs of the various activities of the plan and the corresponding inputs use to produce them. These will be the subjects of monthly/quarterly reporting. At start of implementation, the PMO M and E Unit and the implementing unit will agree on the indicators of outputs. The Action Officers/point persons will be responsible for on-site monitoring and reporting to PMO, using formats that will be prescribed by the PMO. The PMO will then consolidate the reports and submit regular reports to the Board. The PMO will organize a semi-annual review of the progress vis-à-vis the plan. The monitoring of impacts will be based on a design that will be developed by the PMO. It will look into the results of the projects on three aspects:

• resource productivity (e.g., increased fish yields, diversity of upland crops, increased crop production)

• resource quality (e.g., improved water quality)

• institutional capability (active FARMCs, increased allocations for environmental programs) The PMO will require external technical assistance for the development of the M and E design including the selection of the appropriate indicators. Furthermore, it will need funding assistance for data collection and processing. Next Steps There are a number of activities that need to undertaken, with the PMO as lead, prior to full implementation of the plan.

1. Approval of the plan by the Board. The proposed activities will have to be reviewed by the Board, taking note of the indicated implementation roles of their respective offices.

2. Presentation of the plan to the municipal and provincial Sanggunian to orient them on

the activities that are to be undertaken and their respective responsibilities, especially on legislation. These orientation sessions should firm up the support of the local legislative bodies to the Alliance.

3. Action planning by the PMO and the Action Officers/ point persons. This will be held to

a) review the proposed projects, b) map out the doable activities c) firm up strategies and detailed work plan, and d) work out the budgetary requirements.

4. Inventory of potential funding sources. The requirements of each will be studied. The

PMO should then prepare and submit the necessary proposals, materials, documents and letters.

5. Training plan., the training requirements of the PMO, LGU and line agency staff will be

identified and prioritized.


Lake Mainit Development Agenda List of High Impact Projects

A. Upland Development & Management

1. Forest Resource Assessment 2. Lumad Dumagat Capability Building 3. Forest Land use Planning & Watershed Mgt. 4. Nursery Establishment 5. Agro-forestry Development 6. Reforestation / Plantation Establishment 7. Tree park Establishment 8. Eco-tourism Development

B. River Management

1. Riverbank Buffer Zone Stabilization 2. Rechanneling of Bangonay River 3. Rechanneling of Aciga River 4. Deepening of Kalinawan River 5. Construction of Riverbank Protections / Structure 6. River Tour 7. Inventory & Evaluation 8. Marsh Rehabilitation

C. Lake Management

1. Lake Resource Assessment 2. Establishment of Fish Sanctuary 3. Buffer Zone Establishment 4. Establishment of Water Quality Monitoring 5. Freshwater Fish Culture 6. Fish Seeding 7. Strengthening of FARMC

D. Waste Management

1. Establishment of Sanitary Landfill 2. Establishment of Garbage Collection 3. Waste Re use, Recycling & Marketing 4. Establishment of Municipal Sewerage System 5. Establishment of Water Quality Monitoring System 6. Monitoring & Inspection of SWMS

E. Institutional Strengthening

1. Lake Mainit Information System 2. Lake Mainit Training Project 3. LMDA IEC Project


4. Lake Mainit Stakeholder Congress

Tourist DestinationTourist DestinationTourist DestinationTourist Destination


Habitat of Rare SpeciesHabitat of Rare SpeciesHabitat of Rare SpeciesHabitat of Rare Species


SourcSourcSourcSource of Livelihoode of Livelihoode of Livelihoode of Livelihood


Lake MainLake MainLake MainLake Mainit Fisheryit Fisheryit Fisheryit Fishery


Historical

The Lake Mainit Development Alliance was organized last March 1999, through a Memorandum of Agreement between the two provinces, eight Municipalities and Selected Line Agencies. The Alliance was recognized by the Regional Development Council (RDC) per RDC Resolution No. 11 series of 1999.

Political Subdivision

The Lake belongs to the provinces of Surigao and Agusan del Norte, it falls within the jurisdiction of the municipalities of Mainit, Alegria, Kitcharao & Jabonga. For the headwater in the North.

Number of Barangays Out of 99 barangays, 81 barangays are found in the Lake Mainit watershed area. For the eight (8) municipalities/two (2) provinces Watershed Area 87,072.00 has. Aggregate land area 72,372.00 has. Lake Surface area 149.865 km² Shoreline 62.10 kms. Maximum Depth 219.35 m Mean Depth 122.48 m Volume 18.3556 km³ Coastline Length 50 kms No. of Tributaries 28 Rivers Outlet of the Lake Kalinawan River Climate Type II (maximum rainfall November to January) Surface Temperature Range 27.00˚C - 30.66˚C Total Population 142, 344 (Census 2007, NSO) Topography

The lake Mainit area straddles the Southern part of Surigao del Norte and northern part of Agusan del Norte comprising the eight municipalities. The Lake Mainit & its watershed is situated in a small peninsula extending North from Eastern side of Mindanao. The lake llies only 30 meters above sea level and is separated on the West side from Bohol Sea by Malimono ranges which is a narrow strip of land. The relief of the strip is uniformly sharp and includes numerous peaks forming a ridge between 500 to 600 meters above sea level. This continues to pass through the north end of the lake into the watershed of the Mayag River, which flanked on the west side by several peak


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BACKGROUND

PHYSICAL FEATURES


exceeding 1,000 meters high. This valley is steep and much more irregular in the northwest portion of the watershed, but is gentle in the northeast portion. The east side flanked by Diwata mountain ranges with peaks as high as 1,000 meters.

Land Area by Municipality from the two (2) Provinces: Province/Municipality Area Percentage Surigao del Norte 24,728 28 % Sison 1,310 1.5 % Tubod 4,420 5.1 % Mainit 9,772 11.2 % Others (Malimono,etc.) Agusan del Norte 62,344 72 % Kitcharao 10,485 12 % Jabonga 19,060 21.9 % Tubay 7,450 8.6 % Others (Cabadbaran) 8,515 9.8 % Demography Population and Household by municipality: 2007 census

Municipality

Male

Female

Total

Population

Total

Households

Ave. Annual Growth Rate

(2000)

Sison Tubod Mainit Alegria Kitcharao Jabonga Santiago Tubay

5,120 5,270 12,210 6,937 8,151 10,493 9,133

4,926 5,048 11,207 5,986 7,799 10,008 8,792

11,276 11,664 23,952 13,369 21,426 23,052 18,931 18,674

1,958 2,022 4,621 2,349 2,851 3,742 3,336

2.56 % 1.56 % 1.45 % 5.0 % 1.67 % 1.70 % 2.41 %

TOTAL 66,229 62,519 142,344 23,530 2.39 %

Source : MPDC by municipality Population Aged 15-64, by municipality

Municipality

Male

Female

Total

Percentage of Population

Sison 3,128 2,887 6,015 54.8 %

Mainit 5,993 5,723 11,716 53.8 % Tubod 2,890 2,760 5,650 56.6 %

Alegria 3,462 3,267 6,729 56.8 %

Kitcharao 4,324 4,132 8,456 53.2 % Jabonga 5,750 5,372 11,122 55.4 %

Santiago 5,125 4,787 9,912 57.1 % Tubay 5,115 4,723 9,838 56.4 %

SOCIAL SECTOR


Total 35,787 33,651 69,438 55.5 %

Barangays Located within the Lake Mainit Watershed, Number & 2007 Population Census

Municipality Total No. of Barangays

Barangays Located in Lake Mainit

Number Population Households

Sison 12 3 11,276 1,598

Mainit 21 21 11,664 4,621

Tubod 9 9 23,952 2,022 Alegria 12 12 13,369 2,073

Kitcharao 11 9 21,426 2,851 Jabonga 15 11 23,052 2,866

Santiago 8 8 18,931 2,651 Tubay 13 8 18,674 1,963

Total 99 81 142,344 19,245

Note: Not include above are 8 barangays of Cabadbaran Types and number of Pepoles Organizations Existing in the Eight (8) Municipalities

Municipality

Farmers/ Fisherfolks

Organizations

Women’s

Organizations

Youth

Organizations

Other (civic, religious,

charity, other citizens org. cooperative)

Sison 5 12 5 1

Mainit 14 15 3 3 Tubod 6 4 3 5

Alegria 14 12 1 4

Kitcharao 9 1 1 - Jabonga 15 15 3 1

Santiago 4 16 1 8 Tubay 8 4 2 3

Total RELIGION AND CULTURE Major Denominations:

1. Roman Catholic 2. Aglipay 3. UCCP 4. LDS 5. Iglesia

Other Denominations: Dialects: Surigaonon, Cebuano/Visaya, Leyteno, Boholano Ethno-linguistic groups: Mamanwa HEALTH SUB-SECTOR Health Facilities

1. Health Centers 4. Dental Clinics 2. Hospitals 5. Day Care Centers


3. Medical Clinics Ten Leading Causes of Morbidity (2000)

Rank

Sison

Mainit

Tubod

Alegria

Kitcharao

Santiago

Jabonga

Tubay

1 URTI

Acute Respiratory Tract

URTI

Influenza

Myocardial Infections

Upper Respiratory Tract Infection

Schistoso- miasis

Bronchitis

2 Cardiovascu- lar disease

Influenza Pneumonia Pneumonia Renal Failure

Paracitism Cardio- Vascular Diseases

Diarrhea

3 Ilogenital Anomally

Diarrhea Wounds TB Hyporotemic Shock; gunshot wound

Bronchitis Bronchitis Influenza

4 Tonsilitis Pneumonia hypertension Diarrhea PTB Diarrhea Diarrhea Hypertension

5 UTI Episgastric pain

Schistosomiasis Schistosomiasis Cancer Wounds Filariasis TB/ Repiratory Diseases

6 TB Respiratory

Bronchitis Paracitism Chicken Pox Malaria Dengue

UTI Pneumonia Chicken pox

7 Bronchitis Hypertension Malaria Dengue

Measles Cerevascular accident

Hypertension Heart Diseases

Filariasis

8 All types of wound

Measles Paracitism Heart disease Diabetic Pneumonia Chicken pox

Malaria

9 Pneumonia TB all forms Diarrhea UTI Accute Entiritis

Skin Diseases

Dengue fever

wounds

10 Septicima wounds UTI Malaria Severe Dehydration

Influenza Measles H. Flu

EDUCATION SUB-SECTOR Literacy Rates per municipality, various years

Municipality Literacy Rates (%)

Sison 85.6 Mainit 95.28

Tubod 82.3

Alegria 85 Kitcharao 92.57

Jabonga 90.24 Santiago 92.24

Tubay 94.0 Average 89.7

EMPLOYMENT Major Fields of Employment

1. Rice farming 5. Private Sector 2. Fishing 6. Business Sector 3. Coco Farming

ECONOMIC SECTOR


4. Government IRRIGATION

Existing Irrigations Systems within Lake Mainit Watershed

Municipalities

Irrigation Systems Area

coverage Source of Irrigation

Water

Sison None None None

Tubod Tubod CIS Marga CIS Tubod SWIP Timamana SWIP

64 100 45 106

Tubod Creek Tubod Creek Tubod Creek Timamana Creek

Mainit Bragy. Dayano Brgy. Tagbuyawan Brgy. Magpayang Mainit (poblacion) Brgy. Tag-ayan Brgy. Siana

40 25 200 200 500 80 32 25

Tigbawan River Magpayang River Tag-ayan Creek

Alegria Brgy. San pedro Brgy. Alipao Brgy. San Juan

25 60 30

Lumundo Creek Candiis Creek Alimpatayan

Kitcharao Poblacion Seringan Gamoton Lapocon Anibongan Brgay. Mahayahay Brgy. Canaway Brgy. Sangay Brgy. San roque Brgy. Jaliobong

72 45 85 85 100 53 50 50 120 100

Lmabog Creek & Waterfall Seringan Creek Anibongan Creek Mamcas & Kitcharao River Pangi Spring Sangay Creek Jaliobong Creek

Jabonga Poblacion 7 (SWIP,PISOS,

SFR)

Jabonga Spring

Santiago Brgy. Aciga 50 Aciga River

Tubay Brgy. Sta. Ana 40 Spring, Creek AGRICULTURE Major Agricultural products in Lake Mainit watershed, by municipality Municipality Primary Agricultural Products Other product

Sison Rice, Corn, Coconut, Banana & Veg. Producer of rattan furniture product Mainit Rice, Coconut, Banana, Fruits, Camote Fish & mineral product

Tubod Rice, Corn Coconut & Vegetables Producer of Agro-forestry product Alegria Rice, Corn, Coconut & Banana Producer of Agro-forestry product

Kitcharao Rice, corn, Coconut & Banana Producer of agro-forestry products

Jabonga Corn, Coconut, Banana and Fruits Producer of Agro-forestry product Santiago Rice, Corn, Coconut & Banana Agro-forestry & mineral products


Tubay Corn, Banana, Coconut, Fruits, Rice Fish & other marine products FISHING(FISHING GROUND: MAINIT LAKE) Fishing Dependent Barangays within the Watershed, by municipality

Municipality

No. of Barangays in Watershed Dependent on Fishing

Lake River Marine

Sison 3 Mainit 11 2

Tubod 1

Alegria 7 1 Kitcharao 5

Jabonga 8 2 4 Santiago 3

Tubay 3 5 Total 31 15 9

FORESTRY AND AGROFORESTRY

Municipality Forest Area Planted Species

Sison 1,790.28 has Fruit tress, Falcata, Gemilina Mainit 1,508.97 has. Fruit tress, Falcata, Gemilina

Tubod Fruit tress, Falcata Alegria 2,329 has. Fruit tress, Falcata

Kitcharao 14,760 has. Fruit tress, Falcata, Gemilina, Narra, Mahogany Jabonga Fruit tress, Falcata, Gemilina

Santiago Fruit tress, Falcata, Gemilina

Tubay 7,518 has. Fruit tress, Falcata BUSINESS AND INDUSTRIES Types of Processing Industries in Lake Mainit Watershed

Municipality

Location (Brgy.)

Name of Establishment Type of Industry/Product

Mainit Quezon Mabini

Food processing

Tubod Poblacion Food Processing

Sison Mayag Mayag & Gacepan

Rice & Corn Mills Rattan Furniture

Alegria Individual Households Tamboo broom making Kitcharao Anibonagn

San Roque Kitcharao Marble Mindanao Stone Classic, Inc Mindanao Craft Master Interprise

Marble/Lime Processing Marble processing Marble processing

Santiago Jagupit Curva E. Morgado

Food processing (kaong) Lime & charcoal Ginger powder

Jabonga Rice milss Furniture

Tubay Dona Rosario AMS Cannery Corporation Fish processing


NON – GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION’S (NGO’s) NGO’s with interventions in the eight municipalities

Municipality Name of NGO

Sison SEDF Mainit World Vision, AID Found., Reach Found., Convergence

Tubod World Vision Alegria World Vision, AID Found., Reach Found., Propegemus Found., Inc.

Kitcharao Clean Phils., Reach Found., AID Found., Convergence, AADC Jabonga AID Found., Convergence, EDCADS, PASCRES

Santiago EDCADS

Tubay TITANS TOURISM The eight (8) municipalities have formulated their own Eco-Tourism Plan

Municipality Proposed Sites/Development

KITCHARAO • Mangape & Anibongan Islets

• Busay Park & Orchidarium

• Fish Sanctuary

• Bird Sanctuary

• Sugod-Usa-Usa Tabonan Beachfront

• Anibongan Spring

• Panlangagan & Anibongan Caves

• Malacanang park

• Lake Mainit Viewing Deck

• Sports Fishing & other Lake-Based Recreational Activities

• Kitcharao Cultural Museum

• Co-Park & view Deck

• Fish Lodge and Restaurant

JABONGA • Top ridge View Deck

• Tree Park

• Orchidarium

• Wild & Bird Sanctuary

• Kalinawan River Tour

• Sinaynganan Beach Resort

• Taginis Falls

• Magdagooc Falls

• Mayugda Falls

TUBOD • Songkoy Cold Spring

• Mahukdan Lake

• Mt. Maniahaw Eco-Tourism Park

SISON • Mayag Mountain Resort

• Biyabid Seven Waterfall

• Blackstone Falls

• Tinogpahan Waterfalls

• Mabuhay Hot Springs

• Danao Mini-Lagoon

• Anislagan Falls

• Mabuhay Waterfalls with Rock Formation

SANTIAGO • Mapaso Hot & Cold Spring

• Kalinawan River Tour


MAINIT • Mapaso

• Mainit Water Park

• Togonan Waterfalls

• Tangaw Beach Resort

• Tagbuyawan View Deck

• Dayano Cave Formation

ALEGRIA • Mapaso

• Pungtod Hot Spring

• Budlingin Waterfalls

• Pongtud Wildlife & Bird Sanctuary

• Lake Mainit Shoreline

TUBAY • Tubay Mountain Resort & Trinos Beach Resort

• Tagmamarkay Frog Falls

• Tagbabayong Falls

• Lawigan Falls

WATER SUPPLY Households with access to water supply, by type of system

Municipality Total Households Directly Served % of Total

HH Level I Level II Level III Total HH

Sison 58 627 1,120 1,747 81.74

Mainit 745 1,642 1,249 2,385 75.16 Tubod 420 160 - 580 90.59

Alegria 210 421 1,473 2,104 87.70

Kitcharao 285 385 390 1,060 40.80 Jabonga 1,334 2,200 300 3,834 100

Santiago 331 571 243 571 90 Tubay 1,490 1,934 - 2,681 97.15

POWER SUPPLY Barangays within the watershed with Electricity, as of 2000

Municipality

No. of Barangays in Watershed

No. of Barangays in Watershed with Electricity

Sison 3 3

Mainit 21 21 Tubod 9 9

Alegria 12 12 Kitcharao 9 8

Jabonga 11 11

Santiago 8 8 Tubay 8 6 Total 81 78


COMMUNICATION AND FACILITIES

Municipality

Telecom

Tawag Station

VHF Radio

Smart

Globe

Sison 1 1 Mainit 1 1 1 1

Tubod 1 1 1 Alegria 1 1

Kitcharao 1 1 2 1 1 Jabonga 1 1 1 1

Santiago 1 1 1 1

Tubay 1 1 1 WASTE DISPOSAL

System of Waste disposal in each Municipality

Municipality

Domestic Waste

(HH)

Garbage from Markets/Commer

cial Centers

Hospitals

Slaughter-House

Sison Collected & brought to dumpsite

Collected & brought to dumpsite

n.a. Collected & brought to dumpsite

(private abattoir) Mainit Collected &

brought to dumping site /

Individual garbage pits

Dumping site Garbage pit Dumping site

Tubod Individual garbage pits, dumpsite

Garbage pits n.a. Septic tank

Alegria Collection & brought to dumpsite,

Individual garbage pits

Mun. garbage dumpsite

n.a. n.a.

Kitcharao Individual Garbage pits, Collected & borught to dumpsite

Communal Compost pit

Compost pit Garbage pit

Jabonga Individual garbage pits, burning

Burning garbage pit

n.a.

Santiago Individual garbage pits, collected &

brought to dumpsite

Collected & to municipal dumpsite

n.a. n.a.

Tubay Individual garbage pits, burning

n.a. n.a. n.a.


LOCAL INSTITUTIONS Types and number of Peoples organizations existing in the eight municipalities

Municipality

Farmers/Fisherfolks organizations

Womens Organization

Youth Organizations

Other (civic, religious,

charity, other, citizens

organizations cooperative)

Sison 5 12 5 1 Mainit 14 15 3 3

Tubod 6 4 3 5 Alegria 14 12 1 4

Kitcharao 9 1 1 - Jabonga 15 15 3 1

Santiago 4 6 1 8

Tubay 8 4 2 3 Total 65 69 19 25

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