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ECHA PRZESZ£OCI XIV, 2013 ISSN 1509-9873 Mateusz Fafiñski Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin ARTYKU£Y I ROZPRAWY THE OVERSEAS CONTACTS OF THE ANGLO-SAXON ENGLAND. A REASSESSMENT This article examines the main directions of contact of the Anglo-Saxon world and the question of English ports, the emporia. Together they form the basis of early Anglo-Saxon interpretation of the British Isles pattern of contact. The question of emporia (but not necessarily the emporia themselves as it will be discussed in the last section) is important here, because as entities they formed the gates of trade system of the Anglo-Saxon England in the given period. As such they were also the windows to the world and helped in establishing new contacts and maintaining the old ones. The North Scandinavia and the Baltic The North as understood here spans through quite a large region, inclu- ding Ireland, Scandinavia and the Baltic. The contacts of the Anglo-Saxons with those regions were also specific in nature trade mingles here with exploration and even with adventure, however rare this term might be in the historiogra- phical discourse. But what those regions have in common is not only their geographical locale but also the clearly maritime character of contact, where shipping served not as an intermediary but as the main way of traveling. The contacts of the Anglo-Saxons with Scandinavia clearly fall in two main chronological periods: before and after the Viking invasions of the 8 th century.

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