LOW ENERGY BUILDING DESIGNALEX NIX

HAZEL EASTON

EUAN ROBERTSON

ALASDAIR HOON

DAPHNE KOULITSA

DESIGN BRIEF• A low energy data centre for a

computer company housing large amounts of IT equipment

• Site Area is 200m x 300m with a maximum height of10m

• 50 employees, 40 in a open plan area and 10 in cellular offices. Facilities for staff included.

• Industrial site by the village of Allandale near Bonneybridge

• The design should maximise the quantity of energy supplied from local sources

GANTT CHARTGroup Allocation

Research exisiting Data Centers

Initial Design

Research material options

Research lighting options

Research ventilation options

Research Renewables options

First Presentation

Selection of materials

Selection of lighting

Selection of ventilation

Selection of Renewables

Update design

Second Presentation

Design calculations

Final design

Third Presentation

Web design

Forth Presentation

27-Jan-15 3-Feb-15 10-Feb-15 17-Feb-15 24-Feb-15 3-Mar-15 10-Mar-15 17-Mar-15 24-Mar-15 31-Mar-15 7-Apr-15 14-Apr-15

PROGRESS

• Ventilation/cooling calculations

• Renewable energy supply

• Design of the building

• Site plan

• Website

RENEWABLE ENERGY - WIND

• As determined in the first presentation, on site wind is not viable

• A new 25MW Wind Farm is being planned at Rullie, approximately 9km from the site

• It will have 10 126m turbines providing 2.5 MW each

• Propose installing 3 extra turbines to meet data centre’s needs

RENEWABLE ENERGY - SOLAR

• In Northern Europe, incoming energy from the Sun is about 110 W/m2

• With a fill factor of 0.8 and efficiency of 0.2 output energy is about 17.6 W/m2

• On site, there is about 62000m2 of space available for PV panels

• This translates to just over 1MW maximum solar power output if the land was 100% covered.

LIGHTING DESIGN

• Philips CoreView Panel

• 41W LED

LIGHTING DESIGN

• Corridor Lighting

LIGHTING DESIGN

• Office Lighting

CONSTRUCTION

• For security and durability reasons, the data centre will use a reinforced concrete block cavity wall.

• It has good fire resistance and is suited to high rainfall and insulates sound well.

• A Kevlar lining improves security further

• Externally, walls are finished with timber cladding or rendered

DATA CENTRE DESIGN

DATA CENTRE ELEVATIONS

SITE PLAN

SITE PLAN

SERVER ROOM COOLING

• Total Cooling Load – 4987.5kW

• Cooling per server rack – 8.47kW

• Q = mc∆T

• Each server rack requires 0.62m^3/s

of cooling.

SERVER ROOM COOLING

• 16 336kW coolers

• Configured to N+1 Standard

• Each provides air flow rate 23.3m^3/s

• Air-side free cooling can be used

91.1% of the time

• Adiabatic cooling used when the

temperature is higher

HEAT RECOVERY

• Mechanical heat recovery to extract heat from servers and transfer it to office space

• Output server heat is roughly 35 degrees celsius

• In Summer months, recovered heat can be extracted outside

COSTS

• Calculated how much energy was consumed in an hour and multiplied by 9pence energy cost

• Server and cooling energy costs = £4.09 million per year

• Lighting energy costs = £7671 per year

• Kitchen appliance energy costs = £630.72 per year

• Other costs = £671,323 per year

• Total energy costs = £4.77 million per year

• Average energy costs per rack = £6925.68 per year

DATA CENTER EFFICIENCY

• Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) measures the overall efficiency of the data center

• PUE = Total Facility Power/IT Equipment Power

= 6074.66kW/5000kW

= 1.2149

• Average PUE value in 2014 is 1.7

• Google’s data center has a PUE of 1.12