Kỹ thuật ghép kênh số

8/10/2019 K thut ghp knh s

1/122

TS.V Trng Sn Bi ging K thut ghp knh s 1

CHNG 3

K thut ghp knh s ng b SDH


2/122


Ni dung chng 3

Tho lun3.6

2Qun l mng SDH3.6

2ng b mng SDH3.52

Cc phn t mng SDH v cc gii php

duy tr mng.3.4

3Con tr trong SDH v xp xp tn hiuvo container

3.3

3Phn cp tn hiu s SDH (cu trckhung, tc , cc thng tin mo u)

3.2

2ng lc cho sra i ca SDH3.1


3/122


Ni dung chng 3

Tho lun3.6

2Qun l mng SDH3.6

2ng b mng SDH3.52

Cc phn t mng SDH v cc gii php

duy tr mng.3.4


3.3


3.2



4/122


PDH vnhc im ca n

Trc SDH, cc mng truyn dn da trn PDH. Plesiochronous trong PDH c ngha l cn ng b.

Vic ghp t E1 ln E4 phi thng qua 2 cp trung gian l E2

v E3. Tn ti 3 chun ghp khc nhau

Cc khung c cc cu trc khc nhau

Qun l hot ng v cnh bo trong PDH i hi cc thit bring.

Xen r phc tp v tn km

. . .


5/122


u im ca SDH so vi PDH

SDH da trn nguyn l ghp knh ng b trc tip V bn cht, cc tn hiu chm hn, ring bit c th c

ghp trc tip vo cc tn hiu SDH c tc cao hn mkhng cn cc cp ghp trung gian.

SDH linh ng hn PDH ng thi ci tin c tnh bodng v qun l mng.

C th s dng trong cc loi mng vin thng truyn

thng; c th s dng mang cc lung video CATV.


6/122


Ghp knh tng cp trong PDH

Trong PDH, khi ghp knh t E1 ln E4 cn c 21 b ghpknh: 16 x 2DME 4 x 3DME 1 x 4DME

Cn nhiu on cp ni gia cc DME


7/122


Xen r lung E1 t lung E4

4DME

4DME

2DME

2DME

3DME

3DME

140 Mbps 140 Mbps34 Mbps 34 Mbps

8 Mbps 8 Mbps

2 Mbps


8/122


Xen/ r trong SDH


9/122


SDH l g?

SDH l phn cp ghp lung th cp ng b. C s ca SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy):

ghp knh ng b

d liu t cc lung cp thp c ghp xen byte ln cc lung cpcao hn.


10/122


Nguyn l ghp xen byte

MUX

C s ca SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) l ghp knh ng b,

d liu t cc lung cp thp c ghp xen byte

to ra lung cp cao hn.


11/122


c im ca SDH

Cc knh c ghp ti cc v tr c nh c quan h vi ccbyte trong khung.

Vic phn knh thc hin bng cch ly ra cc bytes cn thitt lung s.

iu ny cho php cho php: r/xen mt knh n trc tip t lung s

m khng cn phn knh tng cp nh trong PDH.


12/122


Cc tc trong SDH

SDH l mt phn cp truyn ti trn c s ghp cc lung155.52 Mbit/s. (STM = Synchronous Transport Module)

Mi tc l chnh xc bng bi ca tc ca lung cpthp, v vy phn cp ny l ng b


13/122


Cc tc trong SDH

Cc lung Tc d liu(Mbps)

Tc ti trng(Mbps)

STM-1 155.52 150.336

STM-4 622.08 601.344

STM-16 2488.32 2405.376

STM-64 9953.28 9621.50


14/122


Ni dung chng 3

Tho lun3.6

2Qun l mng SDH3.6

2ng b mng SDH3.5

2Cc phn t mng SDH v cc gii phpduy tr mng.

3.4


3.3


3.2



15/122


Phn cp trong SDH

Cc lung bc cao c to ra bng cch ghp xen bytes cclung cp thp: STM-4 c ghp t

4 lung STM-1 STM-16 c ghp t

16 lung STM-1

hoc 4 lung STM-4

STM-64 c ghp t 64 lung STM-1

hoc 16 lung STM-4

hoc 4 lung STM-16.


16/122


Phn cp trong SDH

Ring lung STM-1 c to ra t cc lung PDH: 1 lung E4

3 lung E3

63 lung E1 84 lung T1

21 lung T2

3 lung T3


17/122


Phn cp SDH


18/122


Phn cp SDH (ETSI)


19/122


Container

C : Container, l n v thng tin dng ng b ho cc lung PDH vomi trng SDH (khung STM).

n v kch thc ca Container tnh theo bytes.

Thi gian ca cc loi container u bng 125s.


20/122


Container (tt)

C cc container sau: C4: dng ghp lung E4 (kch thc 2340 bytes).

C3: dng ghp lung E3, T3 (kch thc 756 bytes).

C2: dng ghp lung T2 (kch thc 106 bytes). C11: dng ghp lung T1 - 1,5Mbps (kch thc 25 bytes).

C12: dng ghp lung E1 - 2 Mbps (kch thc 34 bytes).

c th a cc lung PDH v cc container tng ng cn s dng cc bit chn c nh v chn c hi (chn dng, chn m, chn khng).


21/122


SDH v tn hiu khng ng b

Ti vng giao tip

PDH/SDH cc bit chn c s dng

khi tn hiu PDH c avo Container tng ng.


22/122


Cc container o trong SDH

Khi mi mt C c to ra byte t mo ng dn (POH) c gn thm vo

to thnh Container o (VC) .

POH (Path Overhead) c cha cc thng tin v hot ng,

cnh bo

v cc thng tin qun l khc.


23/122



Mt ng dn (path): i ngang qua 1 mng SDH

tn ti t im tn hiu PDH c a vo C

n im tn hiu PDH c khi phc li t C. POH i cng vi C (to thnh VC) thng qua ng dn.


24/122



C cc container o sau: VC4: kch thc 2349 bytes.

VC3: kch thc 765 bytes.




Cc VC4, VC3 c gi l cc VC bc cao; Cc VC11, VC12, VC2 c gi l cc VC bc thp.

Thi gian ca cc VC cng l 125s.


25/122


n v qun l AUNhm n v qun l - AUG

Cc VC bc cao c gn thm con tr to thnh n v qun l tng ng.

Chc nng ca con tr l: ghi li mi lin h v pha gia khung STM-1

vi VC bc cao c ghp vo.

C th hiu y, phase l v tr bt u mt VC trong khung STM-1.


26/122


n v qun l AUNhm n v qun l - AUG

C 2 loi AU l: AU3: kch thc 768 bytes

AU4: kch thc 2358 bytes

AU4 tng ng vi AUG (nhm n v qun l).

3 AU-3 ghp xen byte vi nhau to thnh mt AUG.

Thi gian ca cc AU v AUG cng l 125s.


27/122


n v qun l - AU

AU4 c th truyn trc tip vo STM-1 bng cch gn thm cc t mo on truyn dn (SOH).

3 AU3 c th truyn vo STM-1 bng cch ghp xen bytes vi nhau to thnh AUG

v gn thm cc t mo on truyn dn (SOH).


28/122


n v lung s TU (TributaryUnit)

Tr VC-4, tt c cc VC cn li c th a vo mt VCln hn trc khi chuyn vo khung STM-1.

Khi cn thit phi ghi li mi lin h v phase gia VC bc

thp vi VC bc cao hn. C th hiu y, phase l v tr bt u mt VC bc thp

trong mt VC bc cao hn.

Chc nng ny c thc hin bi con tr.


29/122


n v lung s TU

Mt VC bc thp c gn thm con tr gi l n v lungs.

C cc TU sau: TU3: kch thc 768 bytes. TU2: kch thc 108 bytes. TU11: kch thc 27 bytes. TU12: kch thc 36 bytes.

Thi gian ca cc TU cng l 125s.


30/122


Nhm n v lung s TUG

Trc khi a vo VC bc cao hn, cc TU c ghp xen bytes vi nhau

to thnh nhm n v lung s (TUG).

Thi gian ca cc TUG l 125s.

C cc TUG sau:

TUG-2

TUG-3


31/122


Nhm n v lung s TUG

TUG-2 c to ra bng mt trong cc cch sau: Ghp xen bytes 4 x TU-11

Ghp xen bytes 3 x TU-12

Tng ng mt TU-2 TUG-3 c to ra bng mt trong cc cch sau:

Ghp xen bytes 7 x TUG-2

Tng ng mt TU-3


32/122


Cu trc khung STM-1


33/122


Truyn dn cc khung STM


34/122


Cu trc khung STM-N


35/122


Cu trc khung STM-N

C 3 vng chnh trong khung STM-N: SOH

Con tr n v qun l (AU pointer), v

Ti trng thng tin


36/122


Thng tin mo uM hnh phn lp


37/122


Thng tin mo uM hnh phn lp


38/122


Thng tin mo uMo u on (SOH) ca STM-1

A1

B1

D1

A1

B2

D4

D7

D10

S1

A1 A2 A2 A2 J0

AU-4 Pointer

E1

D2 D3

F1

B2 B2 K1

D5

D8

K2

D6

D9

D12D11

E2M1

RSOH

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

MSOH

Mo u on chuyn tip

Mo u on ghp knh


39/122


Thng tin mo uRSOH ca STM-1

Cc bytes ng b khung, dng ch r im bt u khung STM-1

Gim st li on lp (BIP-8),dng tnh bit chn l cho ton b khung trc

D vt on chuyn tip (RS), dng xc minh kt ni

Byte nghip v RS,cung cp kt ni voice nghip v 64 kbit/s cho nh iu hnh mng

Knh ngi dng RS,cung cp knh ngi dng 64 kbit/s cho nh iu hnh mng

Knh truyn s liu RS (DCC) 192 kbit/s,

Knh DCC phc v cc hot ng vn hnh, bo dng v qun l


40/122


Thng tin mo uMSOH ca STM-1

Gim st li on ghp knh MS (BIP-24),dng tnh bit chn l cho ton b khung trc

Byte nghip v MS,cung cp kt ni voice nghip v 64 kbit/s cho ngi iu hnh mng

Knh truyn s liu MS (DCC) 576 kbit/s,Knh DCC phc v cc hot ng vn hnh, bo dng v qun l

Ch th li t xa MS (REI),Ch ra s lng nhm b li BIP-24 thu c ti u xa

Chuyn mch bo v t ng (APS), Knh truyn thng tin cnh bo v lnhchuyn mch d phng khi h thng chnh c s c.

Trng thi ng b, Cht lng ca lung STM-1 khi c s dng lm ngun

nh thi v ng b.


41/122


Thng tin mo uPOH bc cao (ca VC3/4)

Vt ng, dng xc minh kt ni

Gim st li ng (BIP-8), tnh bit chn l cho ton b Container trc

Trng thi ng, gim st trng thi ng trn c hai hng

Knh ngi dng ng, knh ngi dng 64 kbit/s cho nh iu hnh mng

Chuyn mch bo v t ng (APS), bo v ng.

Byte iu hnh mng, mo u kt ni chuyn tip bc cao.

Nhn tn hiu ng, ch ra kiu xp xp ti tin trong VCn

Ch th a khung TU, bt u a khung

Knh ngi dng ng, knh ngi dng 64 kbit/s cho nh iu hnh mng


42/122


Thng tin mo uPOH bc thp (ca VC2/1)

BIP-2 / ch th li khi t xa (REI) / ch th li t xa (RFI) /nhn tn hiu/ ch th s c u xa (RDI)

Chuyn mch bo v t ng (APS), bo v ng.

Vt ng, dng xc minh kt ni

Byte iu hnh mng, mo u kt ni chuyn tip bc thp


43/122


Thng tin mo uPOH bc thp (ca VC2/1)

POH bc thp bao gm 4 bytes Mi byte l mo u cho mt khung

4 khung vi cc byte mo u V5

J3 N2

K4

t chc thnh mt a khung.


44/122


Ni dung chng 3

Tho lun3.7

2Qun l mng SDH3.6

2ng b mng SDH3.5

2Cc phn t mng SDH v cc gii php

duy tr mng.

3.4


3.3


3.2



45/122


Ghp knh STM-1

Cc lung s n b ghp knh c th c to ra t ccng h c tc khc nhau.

Chng khng nht thit ng b vi nhau hay vi ng hghp knh

SDH l mng ng b! gii quyt vn ny, b ghp knh SDH tm im bt

u ca tng khung trong mi lung


46/122


Ghp knh STM-1

Hnh nh minh ha: xe gong Cc container c th di chuyn bn trong xe gong


47/122


Ghp knh STM-1

SDH l mt phng php mi ghp cc tn hiu chm vomt tn hiu nhanh hn. C c ch ng x i vi cc lung s khng cng tc ng h.


48/122


Ghp knh STM-1 Hnh nh tng t trong

SDH: VC-4 tri ni trong phn

ti trng ca STM-1

VC-4 c th bt u t mtv tr no trong phn titrng ca STM-1

Con tr ch ra v tr bt uny.


49/122


P

Bt u VC-4 tiptheo

Bt u VC-4

P

Cc bytes POH

Khung STM-1 # N

Khung STM-1 # N+1

Con tr AU-4

C AU 4


50/122


Con tr AU-4

H3H3H31*1*H2YYH1

3 bytes c hing chnh m

3 bytes c hing chnh dng

Vng ti trngVng con tr

111111111001UU11


51/122


Con tr AU-4

DIDIDIDIDISSNNNN

16151413121110987654321

H1 H2

N: bit c d liu mi (NDF) I: bit tng

S: bit ch kch c con tr D: bit gim

SS=10 : cho con tr AU-4 / AU-3 / TU-3

NNNN= 0110: bnh thng

NNNN= 1001: ng chnh VC khng bnh thng (d liu mi)


52/122


Con tr AU-4

DIDIDIDIDISSNNNN

16151413121110987654321

H1 H2

Bnh thng: 10 bit IDIDIDIDID ch v tr bt u ca VC-4trong vng ti trng

N = (3 x P) + 1 N : Khong cch tnh t Byte H3 cui cng n Byte J1 (bytes).

( di con tr)

P: gi tr ca 10 bit IDIDIDIDID.


53/122


Con tr AU-4

SOH

SOH

SOH

SOH

VC-4VC-4POH

0000000000010110

DIDIDIDIDISSNNNN

IDIDIDIDID=0000000000

P = 0

N = (3 x P) + 1 = 1

Byte J1 nm cch Byte H3 cuicng 1 byte, tc l nm ngay bnphi Byte H3 cui cng.

J1 nm hng? Ct ?

STM-1#N

STM-1#N+1


54/122


P

Bt u VC-4 tiptheo

Bt u VC-4

P

Cc bytes POH

STM-1#N

Con tr AU-4

STM-1#N+1

IDIDIDIDID=0000101110

P= 86

N=(3 x P) + 1 = 259

J1 nm hng? Ct ?


55/122


Con tr AU-4

SOH

SOH

SOH

SOH

VC-4VC-4PO

H

IDIDIDIDID= 0000101111

P = 87

N = (3 x P) + 1 = 262

J1 nm hng? Ct ?

STM-1#N

STM-1#N+1


56/122


Con tr AU-4SOH

SOH

SOH

SOH

VC-4VC-4PO

H

IDIDIDIDID= 0000101111 P = 696

N = (3 x P) + 1 = 2089

J1 nm hng? Ct ? STM1#?

STM-1#N

STM-1#N+1

STM-1#N+2


57/122


Con tr AU-4SOH

SOH

SOH

SOH

VC-4VC-4PO

H

STM-1#N

STM-1#N+1

STM-1#N+2

IDIDIDIDID= 1100001110 P = ?

N = (3 x P) + 1 = ?

J1 nm hng? Ct ? STM1#?

P= 0 ~ 782


58/122


SOH

SOH

VC-4 (Virtual container)VC-4 (Virtual container)POH

Con tr AU-4 tr v tru tin ca VC

1 260 bytes

9

POH = Path overhead

Ghp knh STM-1


59/122


SOH

SOHVC-4 (Virtual container)VC-4 (Virtual container)

Khi tc ng h VC-4 b hn tc ng h STM-1=> Gi tr con tr c tnh tin ln pha trc 3 bytes

3 Bytes trngc chn y

C

MiGi tr

con trc cp

nht

ng chnh con tr (dng)


60/122


H3 H3 H3

(H1, H2)=(0110100000000011)

STM-1 # 1

H3 H3 H3(H1, H2)=(0110100000000011)

# 2

H3 H3 H3

(H1, H2)=

(0110101010101001)

# 3

H3 H3 H3

(H1, H2)=(0110100000000100)

# 4

(3 3 3) J1

(3 3 3) J1

(4 4 4) J1

(4 4 4) J1

3 bytes chn

1

4

1

4

1

4

1

4

9

9

9

9

Cc bit I b o

ng chnh con tr (dng)

Bt u VC-4

X ti thi im ts

(Gi tr con tr mi)


61/122


SOH STM-1 payload

VC-4 (Virtual container)VC-4 (Virtual container)

Khi tc ng h VC-4 ln hn tc ng h STM-1

=> Gi tr con tr c tnh tin li pha sau 3 bytes

3 Bytes VC ccha ti y

Con tr AU-4

c

Mi

ng chnh con tr (m)

Gi trcon tr

c cpnht


62/122


H3 H3 H3

(H1, H2)=(0110100000000011)

STM-1 #1

H3 H3 H3(H1, H2)=(0110100000000011)

# 2

(H1, H2)=(0110100101010110)

# 3

H3 H3 H3

(H1, H2)=(0110100000000010)

# 4

(3 3 3) J1

(3 3 3) J1

(2 2 2) J1

(2 2 2) J1

1

4

1

4

1

4

1

4

9

9

9

9

Cc bit D b o

ng chnh con tr (m)

Bt u VC-4

X ti thi im ts

(Gi tr con tr mi)


63/122


STM-1 PointersLocations

AU-4 pointer

A1

H1 Y Y H2 I I H3 H3 H3VC-4

(E-4 mapping)

AU-3 pointer

A1

H1 H1 H1 H2 H2 H2 H3 H3 H33 VC-3s

(DS-3 mapping)

Con tr AU-3


64/122


Con tr AU 3

H3H3H3H2H2H2H1H1H1

3 bytes c hing chnh m

3 bytes c hing chnh dng

Vng ti trngVng con tr

Mt AUG c th 3 AU-3: Mi AU-3 c 3 bytes con tr: H1, H2, H3 Khi ghp thnh mt AUG to thnh 9 Bytes con tr

Mi b H1, H2, H3 cng mt trong 3 bytes ngay sau Byte H3 cuicng: tr v tr v ng chnh cho mt VC-3 tng ng


65/122


Con tr AU-3

DIDIDIDIDISSNNNN

16151413121110987654321

H1 H2

Cu trc mi cp H1, H2: nh trong con tr AU-4

C 3 cp H1, H2: Cp th nht: tr VC-3 th nht, cc bytes: 1, 4, 7, 10 Cp th hai: tr VC-3 th hai, cc bytes: 2, 5, 8, 11

Cp th ba: tr VC-3 th ba, cc bytes: 3, 6, 9, 12

P = (3 x N) + 1 = 0 ~ 782


66/122


Con tr TU-3RSOHRSOH

MSOHMSOH

TTi tri trng VCng VC--4: C44: C4 hohocc TUGTUG--33J1J1B3B3

C2C2

G1G1

F2F2

H4H4

F3F3K3K3

N1N1

H1H1

H2H2

H3H3

H1H1

H2H2

H3H3

TTiitrtrngng

CC--33

J1J1

B3B3

C2C2

G1G1

F2F2

H4H4

F3F3K3K3

N1N15 ct

POH bPOH bc caoc cao

AU PointerAU Pointer

TTiiTrTrngng

CC--33

J1J1

B3B3

C2C2

G1G1

F2F2

H4H4

F3F3K3K3

N1N1

POH bPOH bc thc thpp

TTiiTrTrngng

CC--33

H1H1

H2H2

H3H3 J1J1

B3B3

C2C2

G1G1

F2F2

H4H4

F3F3K3K3

N1N1

Hai cHai ct nht nhii


67/122


Con tr TU-3 S dng tr v tr

ca mt VC-3 trongmt VC-4.

Cch tnh v hot

ng: tng t con trAU-4


68/122


Con tr TU-3

N= (3xP) + 1 P= 0 ~ 764


69/122


Con tr TU-12

Con tr TU-12 tr v tr caVC-12 trong khung TU-12 V1, V2, V3: nh H1, H2, H3 V4: cha s dng

a khung TU-12

Khung TU-12


70/122


Con tr TU-12

V1 V2 V3

N N N N S S I D I I I ID D D D

V4

S S : TU size0 0 TU-21 0 TU-121 1 TU-11

Hot ngcon tr

Cha sdng

T chc v hot ng ca cc con tr TU12, TU11 v TU2 l ging nhau


71/122


Con tr TU-12 Gi tr con tr TU-12:

cha trong cc bytes V1 v V2 Ch ra di t byte V2 n byte u tin ca a khung VC-

12 (Byte V5).

Khng m cc Byte V3 v V4

Gi tr con tr: 0 ~ 139 Gi tr con tr bng 0: Byte V5 nm ngay sau Byte V2.

Gi tr con tr bng 35: Byte V5 nm ngay sau Byte V3.

Gi tr con tr bng 139: Byte V5 nm ngay trc Byte V2ca a khung sau.

Cc Byte c hi ng chnh: V3: c hi ng chnh m

Byte ngay sau Byte V3: c hi ng chnh dng


72/122


Ghp E4 vo STM-1


73/122


Ghp E4 vo STM-1

140 Mbit/s -> STM-1

140M Thch ngTc

+ POH

1

C4

1 260

9

125s

1 1

9

VC4

PO

H

125s1 261

Trang

sau

Xp xp B tr


74/122


Ghp E4 vo STM-1

ng b + SOH

261

AU-4

1

1

9

ng b B tr

ng ghp knh: 1X140M 1XAU-4 AUG Mt STM-1Mt STM-1 c th mang 1 tn hiu 34Mbit/s

AU4-PTR

STM-1

1

1

9

Con tr

261

MSOH

RSOH


75/122


Ghp E4 vo STM-1

VC-4

W=IIIIIIII

X= CRRRRROO

Y=RRRRRRRR

Z=IIIIIISR

I: bit thng tin

S: bit chn c hiC: bit ch th chn

R: bit chn c nh

0: bit mo u

W

Z


76/122


Ghp E4 vo STM-1 Theo tnh ton:

Mi hng ca C-4 c 260 byte x 8 = 2080 bit Lung E4 cung cp cho mi hng ca C-4:

139,264 Mbit/s * 125 s / 9 = 1934,222.. bit

Cn chn: 2080 - 1934,222 = 145,778 bit

Theo btr trn: Sbit thng tin trn mi hng: 20 * 96 + 8 + 6 = 1934 Cn li 1934,222 1934 = 0,222 bit do bit S chn c hi.

ng vai tr chn cnh (145 bit): 5 Byte X, v 13 byte Y: 18 * 8 = 144 bit Bit R Byte Z: 1 bit

5 bit C 5 byte X: ch th chn cho bit S (11111->chn)


77/122


Ghp E3 vo STM-1


78/122


Ghp E3 vo STM-1

34 Mbit/s -> STM-1

34M Thch ngTc

+ POH

1

C3

1 84

9

125s

1 1

9

VC3

PO

H

125s1 85

Trang

sau

Xp xp B tr


79/122


Ghp E3 vo STM-1

ng bLn

thnht

Lp y

1 86

1

9

H1H2H3

R

3

86

TU-3

1

H1H2H3

1

9

POH

R R

VC-4

9

1

1 261

ng b Nhi

TUG-3

Ghp knh

3

Tng tvi C4

ng ghp knh: 1X34M 1XTU-3 3XTUG-3 1XAU-4--- Mt STM-1Mt STM-1 c th mang 3 tn hiu 34Mbit/s


80/122


Ghp E3 vo STM-1

VC-3X=rrrrrrc1c2Y=rrrrrrrs1

Z=s2iiiiiii

R=rrrrrrrrI=iiiiiiii

i: bit thng tin

s1, s2: bit chn c hi

c1, c2: bit ch th chn

r: bit chn c nh

IZYRR5(R+3I)X+5(3I+R)R5(R+3I)R4(R+3I)

3xIXR5(R+3I)X+5(3I+R)R5(R+3I)R4(R+3I)

3xIXR5(R+3I)X+5(3I+R)R5(R+3I)R4(R+3I)

84 Ct


81/122


Ghp E3 vo STM-1 Theo tnh ton:

Mi 3 hng ca C-3 c 84 x 3 x 8 = 2016 bit Lung E3 cung cp cho mi 3 hng ca C-3:

34,368 Mbit/s * 125 s / 3 = 1432 bit Cn chn: 2016 - 1432 = 584 bit

Theo btr trn: Sbit thng tin trn mi 3 hng: (60+60+58)x8+7= 1431. Hai bit chn c hi: s1s2 (mt chn m, mt chn dng) ng vai tr chn cnh (583 bit):

Cc Byte Xv R: 24 * 3 * 8 = 576 bit Bit R Byte Y: 7 bit

5 bit c1 5 byte X: ch th chn cho bit s1 5 bit c2 5 byte X: ch th chn cho bit s2


82/122


Ghp E1 vo STM-1


83/122


Ghp E1 vo STM-1

2 Mbit/s -> STM-1

2MTrangsau

125s

POH1 4

C12

1

9

VC12

1 4

1

9

TU12

1 4

1

9

TU-PTR

Thch ngtc

+ POH

Xp xp

+Con tr

B tr ng b


84/122


Ghp E1 vo STM-1

3

1 12

TUG-2

1

9

7 R R

TUG-3

1 86

Ghp knh

1

9

Ghp knhTng tnh vi C3

ng ghp knh: 1X2M 3XTU12 7XTUG-2 3XTUG-3 1XSTM-1Mt STM-1 c th mang 3X7X3 = 63 lung 2MCu trc ghp knh: 3-7-3


85/122


Ghp E1 vo STM-1

32xI

R

K4

32xI

R

N2

c1c2oooorr

R

31xI

s2iiiiiii

c1c2rrrrrs1

c1c2oooorr

J2R

32xI

R

V5

125s

250s

375s

500s

a

khungVC-12,140bytes

Mt C-12: C 34 byte Mang 32 byte E1

2 byte chn c nh

Mt a khung: S dng hai bit chn c hi:

S1: chn m (ch th: c1c1c1)

S2: chn dng (ch th: c2c2c2)


86/122


Ni dung chng 3

Tho lun3.6

2Qun l mng SDH3.6

2ng b mng SDH3.5


3.4


3.3


3.2



87/122


Cc phn t mng trong SDH B ni cho (Digital Cross-Connect - DCS / DXC)

B xen / r (Add/Drop Multiplexer - ADM)

B ghp knh (Terminal Multiplexer TMX / PTE)

Ngoi ra: B chuyn tip (Regenerator) B chuyn i bc sng (Transponder)


88/122


Cc phn t mng trong SDH B ni cho (DCS/DXC):

S dng trong cc mng dng li Cc giao tip STM-N l ch yu

Ma trn chuyn mch ln (1024 STM-N)


89/122


Cc phn t mng trong SDH B xen / r (ADM)

S dng trong cc mng ring C 2 giao tip STM-N (phi/tri)

Mt s lng ln giao tip cc lungs: STM-1, E4, E3, E1.

B xen / r STM-4


90/122


S khi


91/122


Cc phn t mng trong SDH B ghp knh (TMX / PTE)

S dng nh b tp trung (Hub) Giao tip ng STM-1/4

Cc giao tip lung s E1 l ch yu


92/122


Cc phn t mng trong SDH B chuyn tip:

u vo: tn hiu STM-N u vo: tn hiu STM-N

Khi ph tn hiu truyn dn gim trt v tn sc

h


93/122


Cc phn t mng trong SDH B chuyn i bc sng:

u vo: tn hiu STM-N ti bc sng 1 u vo: tn hiu STM-N ti bc sng 2 Thay i bc sng ca tn hiu truyn dn

C h h S


94/122


Cu hnh mng SDH

C h h SDH


95/122


Cu hnh mng SDH Cc mng truyn thng s dng cc cu hnh im im, li v

hub. Mng SDH s dng cc cu hnh m rng hn.

C h h SDH


96/122


Cu hnh mng SDH Mng SDH cho php cc cu hnh trc y c th t hp vi cc cu

hnh vng (Ring) hoc chui (chain) ca cc ADM.

Cu hnh mng SDH

i i


97/122


im im Dung lng ln (vi DWDM)

t tuyn V d: cc tuyn cp bin kt ni gia cc chu lc.

Cu hnh mng SDH

Ri B T St


98/122


Ring, Bus, Tree v Star Dung lng khc nhau

Nhiu tuyn V d: cc mng truy nhp.

Cu hnh mng SDH

L i


99/122


Li Dung lng ln

Nhiu tuyn V d: mng truyn ti.

C ii h d t


100/122


Cc gii php duy tr mng Trong thi gian mt chuyn mch bo v t ng (APS):

Mng b mt lu lng Dn n nh khai thc mt tin

V vy, kim tra hot ng chnh xc ca APS l rt quan trng i vinh khai thc

Tham s chnh l thi gian chuyn mch. Khuyn ngh: ti a l 50ms khi phc mt tn hiu ng.

Cc gii php duy tr mng

Bo v 1+1


101/122


Bo v 1+1 Mi knh SDH hai hng (2 si quang) s dng mt knh d phng

ring (2 si quang). D tha nht

t nht


Bo v 1:N


102/122


Bo v 1:N Mi knh SDH hai hng (2 si quang) chia s chung mt knh d

phng (2 si quang). D tha t nht

Hiu qu nht


Bo v 1+1 v 1:N


103/122


Bo v 1+1 v 1:N


Bo v Vng


104/122


Bo v Vng

Vng bo v chia s MS hai hng

Trng thi bnh thng


105/122


Trng thi bnh thng

Vng bo v chia s MS hai hng

Trng thi li (Failed)


106/122



Vng bo v ring MS mt hng

Trng thi bnh thng


107/122


Trng thi bnh thng

Vng bo v ring MS mt hng



108/122



Bo v ng


109/122


Bo v ng

Ni dung chng 3


110/122


Ni dung chng 3

Tho lun3.6

2Qun l mng SDH3.6

2ng b mng SDH3.5


3.4


3.3


3.2


Trin khai SDH hin ti


111/122


Tt c cc giao tim STM-N u tham kho ti PRS (Ngun tham kho s cp) Phn phi nh thi ti CB v chuyn mch DS0 trc tip thng qua cc ng STM-N

ng h mng(Stratum 1)

DS0Switch

CB CB

BITS

E1E1 E1

0.000001 ppm

STM-16

STM-1STM-1 STM-1

STM-4

STM-1

Trin khai SDH hin ti

Cc m hnh ng b cho cc

phn t mng


112/122


phn t mng Mi mt phn t mng phi c cu hnh ng b thi

gian Phn phi tn hiu tham kho nh thi nn tr nh nht

Cc cu hnh tn hiu nh thi khc nhau:

nh thi t ngun ngoi nh thi ng dy

nh thi vng

nh thi truyn thng

nh thi t ngun ngoi


113/122


WEST

EAST

Phn tmng

BITS

nh thi t ngun ngoi Tt c cc tn hiu c pht i t mt nt c ng b

t mt ngun bn ngoi, thu c ti nt , tc l ngunnh thi BITS BITS= Building Integrated Timing Signal (Ngun cp tn hiu

nh thi tch hp)

nh thi ng dy


114/122


WE

ST

EA

ST

Phn tmng

nh thi ng dy Tt c cc tn hiu c pht i t mt nt c ng b

vi mt tn hiu thu c c s dng khi SDH NE c cu hnh lm b ADM

nh thi vng


115/122


WEST

EAST

Phn tmng

nh thi vng Tn hiu nh thi c ly t tn hiu quang vo, sau

c s dng lm ng h cho cc ng quang ra. p dng cho mt SDH NE (phn t mng SDH) lm vic

ch kt cui.

nh thi truyn thng


116/122


nh thi truyn thng

WE

ST

EA

ST

Phn tmng

Tn hiu truyn theo mt hng quanh vng c ng b

ha vi tn hiu thu c trn cng hng .

Phn cp phn phi nh thi


117/122


cp p p t

Ni dung chng 3


118/122


g g

Tho lun3.6

2Qun l mng SDH3.6

2ng b mng SDH3.5


3.4

3Con tr trong SDH v xp xp tn hiuvo container3.3


3.2


Cc bt thng, khim khuyt,

li v cnh bo (I)


119/122


( ) Cc bt thng (Anomalies):

Cc li BIP B1 / B2 / B 3 Ch th li khi t xa (REI)

Cc khim khuyt (Defects): Cc bt thng lin tc vt qu mt gii hn thi gian cc i

Mt tn hiu (LOS)

Mt ng b khung (LOF)

Mt con tr (LOP)

Tn hiu ch th cnh bo (AIS), ch th khim khuyt t xa (RDI)

Cc bt thng, khim khuyt,

li v cnh bo (II)


120/122


( ) Cc li (Failures):

Cc khim khuyt lin tc vt qu mt gii hn thi gian cc i Cc cnh bo (Alarms):

Cc tn hiu bo dng cnh bo cc thit b pha cui ng truynl mt li thit b hoc khim khuyt c pht hin

Gim st hot ng v cnh bo Cc bt thng, khim khuyt v li c bo co cho OAM chc

nng

Cc khim khuyt:

Bo hiu cc hng i v v


121/122


Ni dung chng 3


122/122


g g

Tho lun3.7

2Qun l mng SDH3.6

2ng b mng SDH3.5


3.4

3Con tr trong SDH v xp xp tn hiuvo container3.3


3.2


Kỹ thuật ghép kênh số

Documents

Transcript of Kỹ thuật ghép kênh số