ASSERTION CORNERR

DIrections: In the following questions, astaterment of assertion is tolOwed Dy a Stdtement of reason

Mark the correct choice as

a5sertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of asSertion.

t0 both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.

(c) I assertion is true but reason is talse.

(d) f both assertion and reason are lalse.

REASON

Reason: Primary spermatocytes complete the first

meiotic division leading to secondary spermatocytes1. Assertion : A drop in temperature does not attect

spermatogenesis.

Reason: During temperature drop the smooth muscles 9. Assertion: The middle piece is called as power house

contracts and bring the testes closer to the pelvic cavity. of the sperm.

Reason The numerous mitocnondria coiing around

axial filament produce energy for the movement of the2. Assertion: The regions outside the seminiferous

tubules are called interstitial spaces, which containLeydig's cels.

tail.

Reason: Leydig's cells synthesise and secrete testicular 10. Assertion : Human male ejaculates about 50-100

hormones called androgens. million sperms during a coitus.

Reason: For normal fertility at least 40 percent sperms3. Assertion: Each seminiferous tubule is lined on its

must have normal shape and size.inside by three types of celis.

Reason: These cells are male germ cels, Sertoli cells

and Leydig's cells.

11. Assertion : All copulations do not lead to thefertilisation and pregnancy.

Reason: Fertilisation can occur only if the ovum and

sperms are transported simultaneously to the ampuilary- isthmic junction.

4. ASsertion: Infundibulum is a funnel shaped part closer

to ovary.

Reason: The edges of infundibulum helps in collection

of the ovum after ovulation.12. Assertion: The embryo with 8 to 16 blastomeres is

called a morula.5. Assertion : The shape of the uterus is like an inverted Reason: The morula continues to divide and transtorms

into trophoblast.pear,

Reason: The inner glandular layer that lines the uterinecavity is called as myometrium.

13. Assertion : After implantation, finger-like projectionsappear on the trophoblast called chorionic villi.Reason:Chorionic vili are surrounded by the uternetissue and maternal blood.

6. Assertion : The endometrium undergoes cylicalchanges during menstrual cycle.

Reason: The myometrium exhibitsstrong contractions*SSertion : During pregnancy the levels of hormonesduring delivery of the baby. ike estrogens and progestrogens are increased.Reason: The increased production of these hormoneis essential for fetal growth.

15. Assertion: Vigorous contraction of the uterus aruend of pregnancy causes expulsion.

7. Assertion: The female external genitalia includes monspubis, labia majora and labia minora.

Reason: The glandular tissue ofeach breast is dividedinto 5-10 mammary lobes,

8. Assertion : The type B spermatogonia are calledprimary spermatocytes.

Reason: The stimulatory reflex between the uterinecontraction and oxytocin secretion results in weakemyContractions.

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ASSERTION & REASON CORNER

5. (c 6. (b) 7. (c)8. (b) 9. (a) 10. (d)1. (a) 2. (b) 3. 4. (b)

(d)

11. (a) 12. (c) 13. 14. (b) 15. (c)

b)

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Siology Iuan reproduction

14. (6)81

: Meatus meais naura body opening or canal. Urethral labia majora, labla oe.(c): The female external genitalia include mons pubi5,

nales, urine and semen both exits from the body.(a): After tertiisation, zygote is formed. Zygotedergoes, mitotic diviSions, called cleavage, to form 2, 4, 8

Taaus rereS O e extefmal opening ofun na. Urethral labia majora, labia minora, hymen and itoris. Ihe marnmarywhich, in nE Es urne and semen both exits f U thrOugh 9lands are paired structures (breasts) that contain glandular

SSue and variable amount of fat. The glandular tissue ofeacn breast is divided into 15-20 mammary 1oDes containingclusters of cells called alveoli.16 daughter celis calledblastomeres.These divisions start

and

when zygote Is moviiy towaras uterus. It is called morula at 9. (a): The middle piece o lament called

8-16 cell stage ana it COntinues to divide to form blastocyst. the mitochondria coled aroun17. (a): ne outermOst membranous cover of the ovum at mitochondrial spiral. They proviaeEEovulation iS corona radiata. It isforInner to corone fddidta is Zona pellucida, which is made up 10. (d): Human male ejaculates adout 20of three difterent giycoproteins secreted by the ovum itself.

DY tolicular cells. the sperm. So it is called as the 'power house of the sperm,

00 million

5perms during a coitus of which, for normal fertility, at least18. (a) Labla minora are paired folds of tissues under 60 percent sperms must have normal shape and size anaabia majora surrounding the vaginal opening. Fimbriae. atleast 40 percent of them must show vigordusmoinfundioulum aha istnmus, along with ampulla are parts of 11. (a): Fertilisation can only occur if tne ovun diluoviduct (or Fallopian tube).

transported simultaneousily to the ampullary-Isthmic junction and

Ovum is released only once a month. This is one of the reasons

Why all copulations do not lead to tertilisation and pregnancy.ASSERTION &REASON CORNER

1. (a): The normal temperature of the testes in the serotum 12. () The embryo with 8 to 16blastomeresiscale15 about 2.5C 1ower than the internal body temperature.a morula. The morula continues to aiviae and transrors

When the body is chilled, the smooth muscle contracts and into blastocyst as it moves turther into the uterus. he

Drings the testes closer to the pelvic cavity. This movement blastomeres in the blastocyst are arranged into an outer

towards the pelvic cavity allows the testes to absorb heat from layer called trophotblast and an inner group of cells attached

tne rest or the body so that the sperm cells do not become to trophoblast called the inner cell mass.

Chilled and get optimum temperature for spermatogenesis. 13. (b): After implantation, finger-like projections appear

2. (6): Each seminiferous tubule is lined on its inside by on the trophoblast called chorionicvilli which are surrounded

TWO types of cells called male gesm cells (spermatogonia) Dy tne uterine tissue and maternal blood. The chorionic vili

and Sertoli cels. The regions outside the seminiferous tubules n urerneissue become interdigitated with each other

called interstitial spaces, contain Leydig's cells. Leydig's cells anonty Tofm a structural and functional unit between

synthesise and secrete testicular hormones called androgens. developing embryo (fetus) and maternal body called placenta.

14.3. (d): Refer to answer2.

4 (5): In human females each Fallopiantube extends from

the periphery of each ovary to the uterus, the part cosertOpregnancy causes parturition. Parturition is induced

the ovary is the funnel shaped infundibulurn. ine edges ortheDy a ompiex neuroendocrine mechanism. The signalsf

Intundibulum possess finger-like projections caed imbfiae, Parurn ofiginate from the fully developed fetus and the

which help in collection of the ovum after ovulation.

S. (c): The shape ofthe uterus is like an inverted pear. Ihestriggers release of oxytocin from the

wEll Ot the uterus has three layers, External thin membranouS

perimetrium, middle thick layer of sImooth myometrium and r urerine contractions, whichi

Inner glandular layer of endometrium.

(b)

15. (¢):Vigorous contraction of the uterus at the end

o

placenta which induce mild uterine contractions called ietal

maternal pituitary. Oxytocin acts on the uterine muscie ana

erus has threeiyf mooth myometrium and further secretion of oxytocin. The stimulatory retlex berween

the uterine contraction and oxytocin secretion continues

Tesuiting in stronger and stronger contractions.

6.

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