THE NOSE

Topics :

1. NASUS EXTERNUS

2. NASAL CAVITY

3. PARANASAL SINUS

Lab. Anatomy Histology FKUB

Provides an airway for respiration

Moistens and warms air

Filters inhaled air

Resonating chamber for speech

Houses olfactory receptors

FUNCTION OF THE NOSE

NASUS EXTERNUS

Bones and Cartilages of The Nose

1. VESTIBULUM

Nares – apex

Dilapisi kulit : rambut,

gld.cebacea, gld

sudorifera

2. REGIO RESPIRATORIUS

2/3 inferior cavum nasi

Ciliated pseudostratified

collumnar epithel

3.REGIO OLFACTORIUS

1/3 superior cavum nasi

Non-ciliated

pseudostratified

collumnar epithel

Sel-sel olfactorius

VESTIBULUM

RESPIRATORIUS

OLFACTORIUS

The Nasal Cavity

NASAL CAVITY WALL

ROOF : Os nasal

Os sphenoidalis

Os frontal

Lamina cribrosa os Ethmoidalis

FLOOR : Palatum durum

LATERAL : Concha nasalis superior

Concha nasalis media

Concha nasalis inferior

Proc. Frontalis os maxilla

MEDIAL :

Os vomer

Lamina perpendicularis os

ethmoidalis

Cartilago septi

3 paired bony projections along the lateral walls of the nasal cavity

Superior and middle nasal conchae - part of the ethmoid bone

Inferior nasal conchae - separate bone

Function - Particulate matter deflected to mucus-coated surfaces

Nasal Conchae

Meatus - cleft underlying each nasal conchae.

Nasal Meatuses

VASCULARISATION

Cavum Nasi : Plexus Kiesselbach (consists of :)

Branch of A. facialis : A. labialis superior

Branches of A. opthalmica ( from. A. carotis interna ) :

A. ethmoidalis anterior

A. ethmoidalis posterior Branches of A. maxillaris :

A. sphenopalatina

A. palatina major

A. septalis

Nasus Externus :

Branch of A. facialis : A. angularis

Branch of A. maxillaris : A. dorsalis nasi

Plexus Kiesselbach

EPISTAXIS

a.Anterior

b. Posterior

General sensoris : N. Trigeminus (N. V)

Anterior : N. opthalmica (N. V.1)

N. ethmoidalis anterior

N. ethmoidalis posterior

Posterior :N. maxillaris (N. V.2)

R. posterior superior n. nasalis lateralis

R. posterior superior n. nasalis medialis

R. posterior inferior n. nasalis

N. nasopalatina

Parasimpatis : N. facialis (N.VII)

N. facialis (N. VII) : N. petrosus major

Special Sensoris : N. Olfactorius (N. I)

INNERVATION

Smell (Olfaction) Pathway

Smell (Olfaction)

Receptors are part of the olfactory epithelium

Olfactory epithelium composed of:

Cell bodies of olfactory receptor cells

Supporting cells – columnar cells

Basal cells – form new olfactory receptor cells

Axons of olfactory epithelium

Gather into bundles – filaments of the olfactory

nerve

Pass through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid

bone

Attach to the olfactory bulbs

The Paranasal Sinuses

Figure 7.11a, b

SINUS FRONTALIS

SINUS MAXILLARIS

SINUS ETHMOIDALIS ANT.

SINUS ETHMOIDALIS POST.

SINUS SPHENOIDALIS

Paranasal sinuses- air- filled pockets in the cranium

Purpose

↓ weight of the skull

Serve as resonators for sound

Provide mucous for the nasal cavity

Sinus openings are narrow = susceptible to occlusion

The mucous = nasal cavity

predisposition factor of inflammation/sinusitis

The Paranasal Sinuses

Sinus

frontalis

Hyatus maxillaris

Sinus sphenoidalis

Sinus

ethmoidalis ant.

Sinus

maxillaris

THE OPENING OF PARANASAL SINUSES

Sinus Frontalis

Sinus Maxillaris Meatus Nasi Media

Sinus Ethmoidalis Ant.

Sinus Ethmoidalis Post. Meatus Nasi Superior

Sinus Sphenoidalis Recessus spheno-

ethmoidale

THE OPENING OF PARANASAL SINUSES

SINUS MAXILLARIS

Bentuk piramid, tdp.pd. Corpus maxilla

Apex ke depan sampai os zygomaticus

Atap dari sinus dibentuk oleh dasar cavum orbita

Radix gigi M2 sering menonjol ke dasar sinus

Bermuara ke meatus nasi media : Hyatus

Semilunaris

Letak muara lebih cranial dari dasar sinus

penyulit terapi sinusitis o.k drainage secret

terhambat