Kuan 2009 Appendix
-
Upload
renny-devassy -
Category
Documents
-
view
85 -
download
23
description
Transcript of Kuan 2009 Appendix
![Page 1: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
STORAGE TANK DESIGN CALCULATION - API 650
1 .0 DESIGN CODE & SPECIFICATIONDESIGN CODE : API 650 11th Edition
1 .1 TANKItem number : 7061T-3901Roof ( Open/Close ) : CloseType of roof ( Cone-roof / Dome-roof / Flat-roof / NA ) : Floating Roof
1 .2 GEOMETRIC DATAInside diameter , Di ( corroded ) (@ 39,000 mm ) = 39,006Nominal diameter, Dn ( new ) ( based on 1st shell course ) = 39,028Nominal diameter, Dc ( corroded ) ( based on 1st shell course ) = 39,031Tank height (tan/tan), H = 20,700Specific gravity of operating liquid , S.G. (Actual) = 0.790Specific gravity of operating liquid , S.G. (Design) = 1.00Nominal capacity , V = 24736Maximum design liquid level, HL = 20,700
1 .3 PRESSURE & TEMPERATUREDesign pressure : Upper , Pu (Atmospheric) = 0.00
: Lower , Pl = 0.00Design temperature : Upper , Tu = 70
: Lower , Tl = -17
1 .4 MATERIAL & MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Component Material Tensile Yield CorrosionStress Stress Allowance
St(N/mm²) Sy(N/mm²) c.a.(mm)PLATEShell Plate ( Mat'l Code # 1 ) (bot) A 516 GR. 65N 448.00 241.00 3.000
( Mat'l Code # 2 ) (top) A 516 GR. 65N 448.00 241.00 3.000Annular Plate A 516 GR. 65N 448.00 241.00 3.000Bottom Plate A 516 GR. 65N 448.00 241.00 3.000Roof Plate A 516 GR. 65N 448.00 241.00 3.000STRUCTURE MEMBERSRoof structure (rafter,bracing,etc ) A 516 GR. 65N 448.00 241.00 3.00Top Curb Angle A 516 GR. 65N 448.00 241.00 3.00Intermediate Wind Girder A 516 GR. 65N 448.00 241.00 3.00
![Page 2: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
SHELL THICKNESS CALCULATION BY ONE-FOOT METHOD2 .0 SHELL DESIGN 2 .1 GEOMETRIC DATA
Plate size used : 2,440Shell plate min. width as per PTS 34.51.01.31 clause 6.3 : 1,500
2 .2 MATERIAL & MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
No Material Specified Specified Yield stress Max. allow Max. allow Corrosionused min. tensile min. yield reduction fac design hydro.test allowance
stress stress ( App. M ) stress stressSt (N/mm²) Sy (Nmm²) k Sd (N/mm²) St (N/mm²) c.a (mm)
1 A 516 GR. 65N 448.00 241.00 1.000 160.67 180.75 3.002 A 516 GR. 65N 448.00 241.00 1.000 160.67 180.75 3.003 A 516 GR. 65N 448.00 241.00 1.000 160.67 180.75 3.004 A 516 GR. 65N 448.00 241.00 1.000 160.67 180.75 3.005 A 516 GR. 65N 448.00 241.00 1.000 160.67 180.75 3.006 A 516 GR. 65N 448.00 241.00 1.000 160.67 180.75 3.00
7 A 516 GR. 65N 448.00 241.00 1.000 160.67 180.75 3.008 A 516 GR. 65N 448.00 241.00 1.000 160.67 180.75 3.009 A 516 GR. 65N 448.00 241.00 1.000 160.67 180.75 3.00
10 - - - - - - -
2 .3 SPECIFIED MINIMUM SHELL THICKNESSSpecification : API 650 11th EditionMinimum thickness as per API 650 cl 5.6.1.1 = 8.00Minimum thickness as per PTS 34.51.01.31 = 11.00
2 .4 SHELL THICKNESS CALCULATION BY ONE-FOOT METHOD ( CLAUSE 5.6.3.1 )
SI METRIC UNIT :-Design shell thickness, ( in mm )
4.9Dc ( [H+Hi] - 0.3 ).Gtd = + c.a
SdHydrostatic test shell thickness , ( in mm ) t.min = Min. of t.design, t.hydo &
4.9Dn ( H - 0.3 ) min. thickness as per PTS.tt =
St tsc = Thicknes selected & usedGravitational force = 9.81 m/s
2 .5 CALCULATION & RESULTS
No. Mat'l Material Width Height t.design t.hydro. t.min tsc.Code (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)No.
1 1 A 516 GR. 65N 2,440 20,700 27.30 21.60 27.30 28.002 1 A 516 GR. 65N 2,440 18,260 24.40 19.02 24.40 25.003 1 A 516 GR. 65N 2,440 15,820 21.49 16.43 21.49 22.004 1 A 516 GR. 65N 2,440 13,380 18.58 13.85 18.58 19.005 1 A 516 GR. 65N 2,440 10,940 15.67 11.26 15.67 16.006 1 A 516 GR. 65N 2,440 8,500 12.77 8.68 12.77 13.007 1 A 516 GR. 65N 2,020 6,060 9.86 6.10 11.00 11.008 1 A 516 GR. 65N 2,020 4,040 7.45 3.96 11.00 11.009 1 A 516 GR. 65N 2,020 2,020 5.04 1.82 11.00 11.00
![Page 3: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
2 .6 MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE STRESS
No. Height t.min tsc. H' H' max P'max(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 20,700 27.30 28.00 20,700 21,306.77 606.77 5,952.412 18,260 24.40 25.00 18,260 18,786.53 526.53 5,165.293 15,820 21.49 22.00 15,820 16,266.30 446.30 4,378.184 13,380 18.58 19.00 13,380 13,746.06 366.06 3,591.065 10,940 15.67 16.00 10,940 11,225.82 285.82 2,803.946 8,500 12.77 13.00 8,500 8,705.59 205.59 2,016.827 6,060 11.00 11.00 6,060 7,025.43 965.43 9,470.878 4,040 11.00 11.00 4,040 7,025.43 2985.43 29,287.079 2,020 11.00 11.00 2,020 7,025.43 5005.43 49,103.27
H' = Effective liquid head at design pressureH' max = Max. liquid head for tsc.P'max = Max. allowable stress for tsc.Pmax = Max. allowable stress at shell course.
∆ HN/m²
![Page 4: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
BOTTOM & ANNULAR PLATE DESIGN3 .0 BOTTOM PLATE & ANNULAR PLATE DESIGN
Annular plate used ? ( yes/no ) : yes
BOTTOM PLATE(i) Minimum thickness as per API 650 Clause 5.4.1 = 6.00
Minimum thickness required (@ 3.00 mm c.a ) = 9.00Therefore, use thickness of 9.00 mm (tb) is satisfactory.
(ii) - = -(iii) Min. width of overlapping (cl. 5.1.3.5) = 25(iv) Min. width of plate (cl. 5.4.1) = 1800(v) - = 50
ANNULAR PLATE(i) Nominal thickness of 1st shell course, tsc1 = 28.00
Hydro. test stress in 1st shell course,
St =4.9Dn(H-0.3) = 139.33
whereDn = Nominal diameter, Dn ( new ) ( based on 1st shell course ) = 39.028H = Design liquid level = 20.700
= Nominal thickness of 1st shell course = 28.000
Annular plate thickness ( As per Table 5-1a ) = 6.00Minimum thickness required (@ 3.00 mm c.a. ) = 9.00Therefore , use thickness of 16.00 mm (ta) is satisfactory.
(ii) Min. shell-to-bottom fillet welds size (cl. 5.1.5.7) = 13.00(iii) Min. width projected inside of shell to edge of overlapping (cl. 5.5.2) = 600(iv) Min. radial width of annular plate (cl. 5.5.2)
La =215 ta
= 756.09
whereta = Annular plate thickness = 16.000HL = Maximum design liquid level = 20.70SG = Design specific gravity = 1.00
(v) Min. width projected outside of shell ( cl. 5.5.2) = 50
tsc1
tsc1
(HL. SG )0.5
![Page 5: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
ROOF TO SHELL JUNCTION CALCULATION
4 .1 DESIGN OF OPEN ROOF TANK - TOP STIFFENER RING4 .1.1 TOP CURB ANGLE
If the top wind girder is located 600 mm below top of the tank, top curn angle shall be provided.Location of top wind girders from top of tank, L = 1000
Since L is > 600mm from top of tank, top curb angle is required.
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTMinimum required size as per API 650 clause 5.9.3.2 = 76 x 76 x 6.4
Section modulus,Z min = 8380
MEMBER SIZE USED FOR TOP CURB ANGLEActual size for top curb angle = 75 x 75x 10
Section modulus, Za = 13500
Since Za > Zmin , therefore the angle size selected is satisfactory.
4 .1.2 TOP WIND GIRDER
The required minimum section modulus of the stiffening ring shall be as follows:-
Z =Dc².H2 = 1007
17 190 = 1,007,140whereDc = Nominal Tank Diameter = 39.031H2 = Height of tank shell = 20.7V = Wind Velocity = 140.00
MEMBER SIZE USED FOR TOP WIND GIDERAvailable section modulus Fabricated Tee- Girder : T 825 x 250 x 8 x 10Web plate length, L2 = 825Toe plate length, L3 = 250Web plate thk, t2 = 8Toe plate thk, t3 = 10Min. shell thickness where top wind girder located, tsc.cor = 8.00 tsc.cor = 8.00 mm
10 mm D = 39037 mm X
2 C18
250
1 L1=16.tsc.cor = 128 3 X
825
A Y AY h A.h² I = (bd³)/12(mm²) (mm) (mm³) (mm) (mm4) (mm4)
1 2048 4.00 8192 433.61141012 385062615 10,9232 6600 420.5 2775300 17.111410118 1932482.351 3743437503 2,500 838.00 2,095,000 400.39 400,777,557 20,833
TOTAL 11,148 4,878,492 787,772,655 374,375,506Neutral axis of combined section, C1 = 438Moment of inertia of section , Ix-x = 1,162,148,161Section modulus available, Za = 2,655,662Since Za > Zmin , therefore the angle size selected is satisfactory.
V 2
mm
mm
![Page 6: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
INTERMEDIATE WIND GIRDERS CALCULATION5 .0 INTERMEDIATE WIND GIRDERS DESIGN5 .1 MAXIMUM HEIGHT OF THE UNSTIFFENED SHELL ( CLAUSE 5.9.7.1 )
SI METRIC UNIT :-
= (9.47 ts.cor)190 ² = 9.182
Dc V = 9182
where ts.cor = Top shell course thickness = 8.00Dc = Nominal tank diameter = 39.03V = Wind design speed = 140.00
5 .2 LOCATION OF INTERMEDIATE WIND GIRDERSShell Shell Actual Transposed Since H1 < H2, therefore the intermediate
course thickness width width wind girder is/aretsc.cor W Wtr(mm) (mm) (mm) Minimum number of intermediate wind
1 25.00 2,440 141 girders required, 2 22.00 2,440 195 = 13 19.00 2,440 2814 16.00 2,440 431 Location of intermediate wind girders from 5 13.00 2,440 725 top of tank,6 10.00 2,440 1,397 L1 = 46157 8.00 2,020 2,020 L2 = -8 8.00 2,020 2,020 L3 = -9 8.00 2,020 2,020 L4 = -
10 - - - L5 = -11 - - -12 - - -13 - - -14 - - -15 - - -
Height of transformed shell, H2 = 9,230 mm
H1
ts.cor 3
x
![Page 7: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
5 .3 SIZE OF INTERMEDIATE WIND GIRDERS(a) Required minimum section modulus of intermediate wind girder ( clause 5.9.7.6 )
SI METRIC UNIT :-
Z.min =Dc². H1 = 225.812
17 190 = 225,812.032where
Dc = Nominal tank diameter = 39.031H1 = Vertical dist. between inter. wind girder & top angle = 4.615
V = Wind design speed = 140.40
(b) Available section modulus for intermediate wind girderFabricated Tee- Girder : T 405 x 150Web plate length, L2 = 450Toe plate length, L3 = 150Web plate thk, t2 = 8Toe plate thk, t3 = 8Min. shell thickness where top wind girder located, tsc.cor = 8.00 tsc.cor = 8.00 mm
8 mm D = 39037 mm X
2 C18
150
1 L1=16.tsc.cor = 128 3 X
450
A Y AY h A.h² I = (bd³)/12(mm²) (mm) (mm³) (mm) (mm4) (mm4)
1 2048 4.00 8192 200.64252336 82447200.63 10,9232 3600 233 838800 28.357476636 2894927.332 607500003 1,200 462.00 554,400 257.36 79,479,445 6,400
TOTAL 6,848 1,401,392 164,821,573 60,767,323Neutral axis of combined section, C1 = 205Moment of inertia of section , Ix-x = 225,588,896Section modulus available, Za = 863,143Since Za > Zmin , therefore the angle size selected is satisfactory.
V 2
mm
mm
![Page 8: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
6 .0 WIND LOAD CALCULATION (OVERTURNING STABILITY)6 .1 WIND DESIGN CALCULATION
Internal design pressure, Pi ( @ 0.0 mbarg. ) = 0Insulation thickness, ti = 75
Nominal diameter of tank, D = 39,000Tank height , Hs = 20,700Roof slope, ß° = 0.000Roof height, Hr = 0Height from tank bottom to shell centre, Ls = 10,350Height from tank bottom to roof centre,Lr = 20,700Min. depth of product (always present in tank) , Hw = 0
Weight of tank,Wt (corroded condition) (@ 550,045 kg ) = 5,395,939Weight of product (always present in tank) , Ww = 0
327,512 kg ) = 3,212,898
6 .2 WIND FORCE CALCULATIONAs per API 650 clause 5.2.1(j), the wind pressure are as follows:-Wind pressure on conical surfaces, wr (@ 30.00 psf ) = 0.0014369Wind pressure on cylindrical surfaces, ws (@ 18.00 psf ) = 0.0008621Wind correction factor, kw (= V /190)² = 1.00
Projected area of roof, Ar ( = 0.5.k.Do.Hr ) = 0Projected area of shell, As ( = k.Do.Hs ) = 811,564,200
Total wind load exerted on roof, Fr ( = wr.kw.Ar ) = 0Total wind load exerted on shell, Fs ( = ws.kw.As ) = 699,681
= 7,241,700,964
6 .3 OVERTURNING STABILITY AGAINST WIND LOADING
Wind Uplift Load
Internal Pressure Load
D/2
Wind load on Hshell, Fr
H/2 Momment about shell to bottom joint
Liquid hold down weight (wa)
For tank to be structurally stable without anchorage, the following uplift criteria shall satisfy:
Criteria 1:
Criteria 2:
where:
Mpi = Moment about the shell-to-bottom joint from design internal pressure = Uplift thrust on roof due to internal pressure x 1/2 tank diameter
= = 0
Weight of shell + top angle (corroded ), WDL
(@
Total wind moment on tank, Mw ( = Fr.Lr + Fs.Ls )
Dead Load (WDL
)
0.6 Mw + Mpi < MDL
/ 1.5
Mw + 0.4 Mpi < (MDL
+MF) / 2
D2. Pi ). 1/2. D
![Page 9: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Overturning moment about the shell-to-bottom joint from horizontal plus vertical wind pressure
= = 7,241,700,964
Moment about the shell-to-bottom joint from the weight of the shell and the roof supported by the shell.
= = 62,651,502,376Weight of roof = 0,since it is floating on liquid
Moment about the shell-to-bottom joint from liquid weight (wa) = 153,419,379,181 =
1000 2
wa = Weight of liquid = 59 tb Fby. H = 64,214.21H = Design liquid height = 19.2tb = Thickness of Bottom plate under the shell = 16
Fby = Minimum specified yeid stress of the bottom plate under the shell = 241
FOR CRITERIA 1= 4,345,020,578
= 41,767,668,251
FOR CRITERIA 2= 7,241,700,964
= 108,035,440,779
Since,
<
<
Mw =
Total wind moment on tank, ( = Fr.Lr + Fs.Ls )
MDL
=
0.5. D. WDL
MF =
(wa. D). D
0.6 Mw + Mpi < MDL
/ 1.5
0.6 Mw + Mpi M
DL / 1.5
Mw + 0.4 Mpi < (MDL
+MF) / 2
Mw + 0.4 Mpi (M
DL +M
F) / 2
0.6 Mw+ Mpi MDL
/1.5, and
Mw+0.4 Mpi 1/2 (MDL
+ MF)
The tank anchorage is NOT REQUIRED.
![Page 10: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
7 .0 SEISMIC FORCE CALCULATION7 .1 SEISMIC LOADS DESIGN7 .1.1 GEOMETRIC DATA
Seismic peak ground acceleration, Sp = 0.3Importance factor, I = 1.50Site Class = DSeismic Use Group, SUG = III
Nominal diameter of tank, D = 39,031Total height of tank shell, Ht = 20,700Ht.from bottom shell to COG of shell,Xs = 10,350Maximum design liquid level, H = 20,700Ht.from bottom shell to COG of roof,Xr = 0Design specific gravity of liquid, G = 1
Total weight of tank shell, Ws ( @ 352,948 kg ) = 3,462,418Total weight of tank roof, Wr ( @ 0 kg ) = 0Total weight of tank contents, Wp ( @ 24,728,026 kg ) = 242,581,931Total weight of tank bottom, Wf ( @ 84,961 kg ) = 833,471
Note: The total weight of the tank roof will be added to the weight of tank content,since the roof is floating on the liquid.
7 .1.2 DESIGN SPECTRAL RESPONSE ACCELERATIONS
Impulsive spectral acceleration parameter, Ai
Ai = 2.5 Q Fa So I
= 0.34Rwi
Convective spectral acceleration parameter, Ac
Ac = 2.5 K Q Fa So Ts I
≤ Ai = - Tc Rwc
Ac = 2.5 K Q Fa So ≤ Ai = 0.0632982988
whereQ = Scaling factor = 1K = Coefficient to adjust the spectral damping from 5% - 0.5% = 1.5Fa = Acceleration based site coefficient as per Table E-1 = 1.2Fv = Velocity-based site coefficient as per Table E-2 = 1.65So = Substitution for seismic peak ground acceleration Sp = 0.3
Rwi = Force reduction coefficient for impulsive mode as per Table E-4 = 4Rwc = Force reduction coefficient for convective mode as per Table E-4 = 2
Regional dependent transition period for longer period = 4ground motion
Tc = First mode sloshing wave period for convective mode = 6.63Ts = Fv. S1/ Fa. Ss = 0.69
When Tc ≤ TL
When Tc > TL
Ts .TL I
Tc2 Rwc
TL =
![Page 11: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
7 .1.3 CONVECTIVE (SLOSHING ) PERIODThe first mode sloshing wave period,
Tc = = 6.63
where, Ks = sloshing period coefficient
0.578Ks =
tanh 3.68 H = 0.59 D
Ts =Fv . S1Fa . Ss
= 0.69
where,Fa = Acceleration based site coefficient (at 0.2 sec perios)
as per Table E-1 = 1.2Fv = Velocity-based site coefficient (at 1 sec. period) as per Table E-2 = 1.6500
S1 = Maximum considered earthquake, 5% damped, spectral responseacceleration parameter at the period of one second, %g
Ss = Maximum considered earthquake, 5% damped, spectral responseacceleration parameter at shorts period of 0.2 second, %g
For regions outside USA, sites not defined by ASCE 7 method, S1 = 1.25 Sp = 0.375Ss = 2.5 Sp = 0.75
Since Tc > TL = 0.06and = 0.34
7 .2 OVERTURNING STABILITY AGAINST SEISMIC LOADING7 .2.1 EFFECTIVE MASS OF TANK CONTENTS
Effective impulsive portion of the liquid weight,
Wi =tanh (0.866.D/H)
. Wp = 137,636,499.100.866. D/H
For D/H < 1.333,
Wi = 1.0 - 0.218D
. Wp = -H
Since D/H > 1.333 , effective impulsive portion of the liquid weight, Wi = 137,636,499.10
Effective convective weight,
Wc =D
tanh3.67H
= 100,998,137.14H D
1.8 Ks √ D
, the convective spectral acceleration parameter Acthe impulsive spectral acceleration parameter Ai
For D/H ≥ 1.333,
0.230 . Wp
![Page 12: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
7 .2.2 CENTER OF ACTION FOR EFFECTIVE LATERAL FORCES
The height from the bottom of the Tank Shell to the center of action of the lateral
For D/H ≥ 1.333,
Xi = 0.375H = 7762.5
For D/H < 1.333,
Xi = 0.5 - 0.094D
= -H
Since D/H > 1.333 , Xi = 7,762.50
The height from the bottom of the Tank Shell to the center of action of the lateral
cosh3.67 H
- 1Xc = 1.0 -
D. H = 12,722.55
3.67Hsinh
3.67 H
D D
7 .2.3 OVERTURNING MOMENT
Ringwall moment,
Mrw = = 381453029834.712
= 381453029.834712
7 .2.4 SHEAR FORCEThe seismic base shear shall be defined as the SRSS combination of the impulsive and convective components.
V= = 48,326,902.75
where, Vi = Ai (Ws + Wr +Wf + Wi) = 47,902,181.05Vc = Ac. Wc = 6,393,010.26
7 .3 RESISTANCE TO OVERTURNING7 .3.1 THICKNESS OF THE BOTTOM PLATE UNDER THE SHELL & ITS RADIAL WIDTH
Bottom/Annular plate thickness , ta = 16.00Thickness of bottom shell course, ts = 28.00Bottom/Annular plate radial width, Ls = 1200.0
Min. specified yield strength of bottom annulus, Fy = 241.0Min. specified yield strength of bottom shell course, Fty = 241.0
Anchorage Ratio, J
J =Mrw
= 2.17
where,Av = Vertical earthquake acceleration coefficient = 0.7Wt = Tank and roof weight acting at base of shell = 28.24wa = Resisting force of the annulus = 94.93
seismic forces related to the impulsive liquid force for ringwall moment,
seismic forces related to the convective liquid force for ringwall moment,
The seismic overturning moment at the base of the tank shell shall be the SRSS summation of the impulsive and convective components multiplied by the respective moment arms to the center of action of the forces.
[Ai ( Wi. Xi + Ws. Xs + Wr. Xr)]2 + [Ac (Wc. Xc)]2
Vi2 + Vc2
D2 ( Wt (1 - 0.4 Av) + Wa )
. H
![Page 13: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Weight of tank shell and portion of roof supported by the shell,
Wt =Ws
+ wrs = 28.24
wrs = Roof load acting on the shell, including 10% of specified= 0snow load. ( Zero for floating roof)
The resisting force of the annulus,wa = 99 ta Fy. H. Ge ≤ 196. H. D. Ge = 94,932.54
wa < 196.H.D.Ge = 114,016,732,704.00
Ge = Effective specific gravity including vertical seismic effect= G. (1 - 0.4 Av) = 0.72
Since the anchorage ratio, J > 1.54, the tank is not stable and cannot be self-anchoredfor the design load. The tank shall be mechanically anchored.
7 .3.2 ANNULAR PLATE REQUIREMENT
If the thickness of the bottom plate under the shell is thicker than the remainderof the bottom, then the minimum radial width of the bottom plate,
L= 0.01723 ta Fy
= 1,108.57H. Ge
The maximum width of annulus for determining the resisting force, 0.035 D = 1,366.09
Since L < 0.035 D, the minimum radial width should be = 1,108.57And,Since Ls > L, the bottom/ annular plate width is satisfactory.
7 .3.3 SHELL COMPRESSIONMECHANICALLY-ANCHORED TANKS
Maximum longitudinal shell compression,
wt ( 1 + 0.4 Av) +1.273 Mrw 1
= 12.67
7 .3.4 MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE SHELL COMPRESSION
A =GHD² ( D in m ) = 40.223
ts²
For GHD²/(ts²) < 44 m³/mm²,
Fc = 83.ts2.5D = 57.94
Fc =83.ts = -
D
Therefore, Fa ( < 0.5Fty ) = 57.94
< Fc, therefore the tank is structurally stable.
D
c = D2 ts
+ 7.5{G.H}½
For GHD²/(ts²) 44 m³/mm²,
Since c
![Page 14: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
7 .4 FREE BOARD FOR SLOSHING WAVE HEIGHT
Sloshing wave height above the product design height,
= 1,647.06
where:For SUG I and II,When Tc ≤ 4
12.5 K Q Fa So I
Ts= 0.21 Tc Tc
When Tc > 4 4
2.5 K Q Fa So I 4Ts
= 0.13
For SUG III
12.5 K Q Fa So
Ts= 0.14 Tc Tc
2.5 K Q Fa So = 0.08
Since SUG is III and Tc > TL = 0.08
Q Fa Ss = 0.9 > 0.33g, ( as per Table E-7) = 1,647.06
7 .5 TANK ANCHORAGE7 .5.1 GEOMETRIC DATA
Number of bolts , N = 86Dia. of anchor bolt, d = 64Dia. of anchor bolt,d.corr (less c.a.= 3.000 mm) (min.size.25.4 mm ) = 58Bolts circle diameter, Da = 39,320Root area of each hold down bolt, Ab = 2,642Spacing between anchor bolts, Sp = 1,436
7 .5.2 MATERIAL & MECHANICAL PROPERTIESMaterial used : SA 320 Gr L7Specific minimum yield stress, Sy = 551.5Allowable tensile strength, St.all ( 0.80Sy ) ( Table 5-21a ) = 441.20
Uplift force due to seismic loading,
1.273 Mrw = 36,592,019Dc²
whereMrw = Overturing moment due to seismic = 381453029834.712
Dc = Nominal diameter of tank = 39,031
wt = Tank and roof weight acting at base of shell, = 28.24
Av = Vertical earthquake acceleration coefficient = 0.70
Uplift thrust due to internal pressure = 0
Tensile stress,
= 161.04
< St.all,therefore the anchor bolt size is satisfactory.
s = 0.5 D. Af
Af = K. SD
1. I.
Af = K. SD
1. I.
Tc 2 Tc 2
When Tc ≤ TL
Af = K. SD
1
When Tc > TL
Af = K. SD
1
TL Ts. T
L
Tc 2 Tc 2
, Af
For SDS
=
Minimum required freeboard, sreq
WAB
= - wt ( 1 - 0.4 Av) + wint
wint
=
b = WAB
/ N.Ab
Since b
=
=
=
=
=
![Page 15: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
API 650 11th Edition
mmmmmmmm
m³mm
mbargmbarg Vac°C°C
![Page 16: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
mmmm
API 650 11th Editionmmmm
Min. of t.design, t.hydo &min. thickness as per PTS.
Thicknes selected & used
Result
O.K.O.K.O.K.O.K.O.K.O.K.O.K.O.K.O.K.
![Page 17: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Pmax
5,952.415,165.294,378.183,591.062,803.942,016.822,016.829,470.87
29,287.07
N/m²
![Page 18: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
mmmm
mmmmmmmm
mm
N/mm²
mm
mm
mmmm
mmmm
mm
mmm
mm
![Page 19: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
mm
cm³mm³
mmkm/hr
T 825 x 250 x 8 x 10mmmmmmmmmm
mm
mm
mm³
mm3
mm3
mm4
![Page 20: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
mmm
mmmkm/hr
H2, therefore the intermediaterequired
Minimum number of intermediate wind
Location of intermediate wind girders from
mmmmmmmmmm
![Page 21: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
cm³mm³
mmkm/hr
mmmmmmmmmm
mm
mm
mm³mm4
![Page 22: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
N/mm²mm
mmmm°mmmmmmmm
NNN
N/mm²N/mm²
mm²mm²
NNNmm
Nmm
![Page 23: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Nmm
Nmm
Nmm
N/mmmm
Nmm
Nmm
Nmm
Nmm
N/mm2
![Page 24: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
g
mmmmmmmmmm
NNNN
s
s
![Page 25: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
s
N
N
N
N
![Page 26: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
mm
mm
mm
mm
Nmm
Nm
N
NN
mmmmmm
N/mmN/mm
The seismic overturning moment at the base of the tank shell shall be the SRSS summation of the impulsive and convective components
N/mm2
N/mm2
![Page 27: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
N/mm
N/mm
N/m
mm
mm
mm
N/mm
m³/mm²
N/mm²
N/mm²
N/mm²
![Page 28: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
mm
mm
mmmmmmmm²mm
N/mm²N/mm²
N
NmmmmN/mm
N/mm
N/mm²
![Page 29: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
8 .0 DESIGN OF SINGLE DECK FLOATING ROOF FOR A STORAGE TANK
751
64 Top pontoon plt 8Rafter L 75 x 75 x 6
Outer Rim Inner Rim
975 Post
525Btm Angle Deck Plate
Bulkhead
198 2181 3424838610
Shell I.D 39006
( All dimensions in mm unless otherwise stated. )
8 .1 TANK GEOMETRY DATAInside diameter , Di ( corroded ) (@ 39,000 mm ) = 39,006Tank height (tan/tan), H =
Material of Construction : SA 516 Gr 65NSpecific Minimum Yield Stress, Sy = 275Modulus of Elasticity = 209,000
= 7,850
Corrosion Allowance = 3Min. Specific Gravity of product = 0.7Max. Specific Gravity of product = 1
8 .2 GEOMETRY DATAOuter Rim Height, Hor = 975Inner Rim Height, Hir = 525Pontoon width, w = 2181Rim Gap = 198Outer Rim Extend above pontoon, Hext = 75
No. of Pontoons, N = 22
Outer Rim Diameter, Øor = 38610Inner Rim Diameter, Øir = 34248
Bulkhead Outer heigh, Boh = 884Bulkhead Inner heigh, Bih = 509Bulkhead Width, wb = 2157
8 .3 MEMBER SIZE & PROPERTIESOuter Rim Thk, Tor = 9Inner Rim Thk, Tir = 15Top Pontoon Thk, Ttp = 8Btm Pontoon Thk, Tbp = 8Bulkheads Thk, Tb = 8Deck Plate Thickness, Td = 8Circumferential Truss Plates = 8
Rafter 44 Nos. of L 75 x 75 x 6 @ unit weight of 6.85Posts 44 Nos. of L 75 x 75 x 6 @ unit weight of 6.85
Density of Material, (plate)
![Page 30: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
8 .4 ROOF SUPPORT LEG ( Refer to Design of Supporting Legs)8 .4.1 PONTOON LEG
No. of Pontoon Leg, Np = 22Pontoon Leg Size 3" pipe x Sch. 80 @ unit wt 15.27Pontoon Leg Housing 4" pipe x Sch. 80 @ unit wt 22.32Pontoon Leg length = 2940Pontoon Leg Housing length = 1084
8 .4.2 DECK LEGNo. of Deck Leg, Nd (Area od deck / 30m² / leg ) = 30Deck Leg Size 3" pipe x Sch. 80 @ unit wt 15.27Deck Leg Housing 4" pipe x Sch. 80 @ unit wt 22.32Deck Leg length = 2927Deck Leg Housing length = 823
8 .5 WEIGHT CALCULATION
Top Pontoon = = 15,675.18Bottom Pontoon = 15,675.18
Inner Rim = = 6,651.28Outer Rim = = 8,355.38
Bulkheads = = 2,075.65
Deck Plate = = 57,852.21
Pontoon Legs = 987.66Pontoon Legs housing = 532.29Deck Legs = 1340.86Deck Legs housing = 551.08
TOTAL WEIGHTPontoon Components: - = 55,248.45Deck Components: - = 57,852.21Total Weight of Floating Roof, (Wroof) = 113,100.66
9 .0 PONTOON VOLUMEO. Rim Ø 38610mm
I. Rim Ø + 2 x 2/3 w 37156 mmh3 = 0.03
I. Rim Ø 34248 mmh2 = 0.53
h1 = 0.35
2
Volume 1 = 40.70
Volume 2 = 120.17
Volume 3 = 3.85
Total Pontoon Volume, Vol(pontoon) = 164.72
/4 x( Øor² - Øir²) x Ttp x (plate)/4 x( Øor² - Øir²) x Tbp x (plate)
x Øir x Hir x Tir x x Øor x Hor x Tor x
1/2 x (Boh - Bih)x wb x Tb x x N
/4 x Øir x Td x
(Wpontoon)(Wdeck)
2
1
3
![Page 31: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
9 .0 SETTING DECK LEVEL9 .1 OPERATION FLOATATION LEVEL - DECK
Deck Floatation Depth=
Density of DeckDeck Thk Density of Product
x Td = 89.71
9 .2 OPERATION FLOATATION LEVEL - PONTOON
== W (Pontoon) x g
= 78.93
To find Floatation Depth of Pontoon from Inner Corner of Pontoon,
Vol. Displacement above Inner corner of PontoonPontoon Cross Area in Vol. 2
Vdisplacement - Vbackslope (Vol.1)= 153.15
Freeboard above deck,494.56Product Level
89.71153.15 Deck Level
63.44 m
The Deck is set at the difference of floation depth in Pontoon & Deck,
= 63.44 mm
9 .3 NORMAL OPERATION FLOATATION LEVEL FOR ROOF - PONTOON & DECK
Actual Product
Level 161.57 m³Deck
Level Deck
H, Floatation Height Above Deck
Total Volume Displaced by the roof
=Volume Displaced by the Backslope, V1
+Partial Volume Displaced in Pontoon below the deck level, Va
+Volume Displaced by the Deck, Vb
= 161.57
Floatation Depth, D(deck) = (deck)
(product)
Buoyant Force, FB Fpontoon
x Vdisplacement x g
Product Displacement, Vdisplacement =Pontoon Weight, W(pontoon)
(product)
D(pontoon) =
D(pontoon) = 1/4 x x (Øor² - Øir²)
D(deck) - D(pontoon)
Total Volume Displaced by the roof, Vdisplacement (roof):
Vdisplacement (roof) =Roof Total Weight, W(roof)
(product)
2
1
3
![Page 32: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
i) Volume Displaced by the Backslope, Volume 1 = 40.70
ii) Partial Volume Displaced in Pontoon below the deck level:
Deck level Height, hx Vol. 2 = 14.98Bulk head outer height, Bih
iii) Volume Displaced by the Deck:
Area of Deck Plate x Floatation Height Above Deck= 921.21
Hence, The Floatation Height Above Deck, H = 0.11114.95
9 4 FLOATATION LEVEL FOR ROOF - PONTOON & DECK FOR 10" (254MM) OF ACCUMULATED RAIN WATER
For deck to support 10" (254mm) of rain water:Volume of rain water collected at the deck, Vrain =
= 233.99
where
Area of deck = = 921,213,536.64
Rain accumulation of 10" = 254.00
W(roof) + Wt(rain)= 495.84
where
W(roof) = Total weight of roof
Wt(rain) = Weight of 10" rain water
Floatation Height above Deck,
H(rain) = Vdisplacement (rain) - Vol.1 - partial of Vol.2 (ii) = 0.38Area of roof = 375.95
10 0 CHECKING THE STRESSES AND DEFLECTION IN THE CENTRE DECK(Ref. to Roark's Formulas For Stress And Strain, 7th Edition)
10 1 CASE 1: NORMAL CASE - NO PONTOON PUNCTURED
( 11.11.1)
( 11.11.2)
Where:t = Plate thickness, Deck (mm) = Td = 8
Outer radius of the deck plate = Øir / 2 = 17124q = Unit lateral pressure (equiv. weight of deck that float on product)
= = 0.000561y = Maximum deflection
bending stressdiaphragm stress
Maximum stress due to flexure and diaphragm tension combinedv = Poisson's ratio = 0.3
/4 x Øir2 x H
Vrain = Adeck x Hrain
Adeck = /4 x Øir2 Hrain =
Total Volume Displaced by the roof with the 10" of rain water accumulation, Vdisplacement (rain):
Vdisplacement (rain) = (product)
=
Td x ( (plate) - (product) )
bd
b + d =
1
qα4
Et 4=Kalignl¿¿¿
yt+K 2( y
t )3
¿
σα 2
Et 2=K3
yt+K4 ( y
t )2
![Page 33: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
E = Modulus of Elasticity = 209,000
![Page 34: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
The deck plate is fixed and held at its outer edge by the pontoon, hence condition is consider as:Fixed and Held. Uniform pressure q over entire plate (Case 3 in Roark's Formulas)
5.33= 5.86
2.6= 2.86
At the Centre,2
= 2.86
= 0.976
At the edge,4
= 4.40
= 1.73
For= 56,361.13
And
y= 56,249.31
t t
y = 215.81 mm
Solving equation 11.11.2
σα² y y 2t t
= 787.3494954301 (at Deck Center)= 1377.567314837 (at Deck Edge)
At Deck Center,= 35.92= 3.52= 32.40
At Deck Edge,= 62.84= 5.41= 57.43
It is the diaphragm stress at the edge which causes the tension at the outer edge of the Deck.Hence, the radial force on the inner rim,
Rh = σ diaphgram x deck thickness = 459.44
K1 = 1 - 2
K2 = 1 - 2
K3 = 1 -
K4
K3 =
1 - 2
K4
q α4
Et4
K1
+ K2
y 3 q α4
Et4
= K3
+ K4E. t 2
σtotalσbendingσdiaphgram
σtotalσbendingσdiaphgram
=
![Page 35: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
10 2 PONTOON STRESS DESIGN - CASE 110 .2.1 PONTOON PROPERTIES
Nominal diameter of Inner Rim, Øir = 342482 2160 Pontoon Inside Width = 2160
525 Inner Rim Thickness, Tir = 124 Outer Rim Thickness, Tor = 9900 Top Pontoon Thk, Ttp = 8
Btm Pontoon Thk, Tbp = 82187 3
Top Pontoon slope angle @ 1 : 64 = 0.02= 0.16
A Y AY h A.h² I = (bd³)/12(mm²) (mm) (mm³) (mm) (mm4) (mm4)
1 6300 6 37,800 1,126 7,980,578,762 75,6002 17282 1092 18,872,063 40 26,969,435 6,720,924,5253 17494 1092 19,103,800 40 27,300,602 6,971,562,4624 8100 2176.5 17,629,650 1,045 8,845,340,202 54,675
TOTAL 49,176 55,643,313 16,880,189,001 13,692,617,263Neutral axis of combined section, C1 = 1132
Moment of inertia of section , Ix-x = 30,572,806,264Section modulus available, Za = 27,019,626
10 .2.2 MATERIAL PROPERTIESMaterial Properties : SA 516 Gr. 65NSpecified minimum yield stress, Sy = 275.00Yield strength reduction factor, k ( Table M-1 ) = 1.000Allowable stress reduction factor ( App. M.3.5 ), Ks ( = k.Sy/206.7 ) = 1.00Allowable bending stress, Fb = 183.33Allowable compressive stress, Fc = 165.00
10 .2.3 PONTOON RING DESIGNThe uniform radial force acting on the Inner Rim is modelled as load point at each mm of circumference,with a very small angle between load point approximtaed to uniform distributed load in the circular ring design.
RhNumber of load point @ each mm,
= 107,593.27Mid Point 1/2 x 360/ Nlp = 0.001673
Radial load on rim, Rh = 459.44
(Reference to Roark's Formulas For Stress and Strain, 7th Edition, Table 9.2 Case 7)
At Mid-Point,Bending moment, Circ. tensile force,
Rh.Do 1 1 RhMm = - Tm =
4
At Reaction-Point,Bending moment, Circ. tensile force,
Rh.Do 1 1 RhMr = - - Tr =
4( Do= Qir, nonimial diamter of inner ring)
Backslope angle,
° Nlp = x Øir Angle° =
( Note : Rh is negative for inward force )
sin 2.sin
tan 2 tan
![Page 36: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
10 .2.4 RESULT
RING STABILITY CHECK MID-POINT LOAD-POINT
Bending Moment ( Nmm ) 19.14 -38.29Circumferential force ( N ) 7,867,429 7,867,429Bending Stress ( N/mm² ) 0.0000007 -0.000001Circumferential stress ( N/mm² ) 159.98 159.98
Allow. bending stress ( N/mm² ) 183 183.33Allow. axial stress ( N/mm² ) 165 165Unity Check 0.97 0.97Condition OK. OK.
10 .3 CASE 2: INFLUENCE OF 10" (254mm) OF RAIN ACCUMULATED ON CENTER DECK
10" Rain
For deck to support 10" (254mm) of rain water:Volume of rain water collected at the deck,
= 233.99
where
Area of deck = = 921,213,536.64
Rain accumulation of 10" = 254
= 233,988.24
Upward Bouyant Load = Deck Area x Floatation Height x Product density
= 242,429.27
Downward load due to deck steel and rain water,= 291,840.45
Nett downward force acting on deck =
= (Upward bouyant load - Downward Load)
= 53.6475 Deck Area
( 11.11.1)
( 11.11.2)
Where:t = Plate thickness, Deck (mm) = Td = 8
Outer radius of the deck plate = Øir / 2 = 17124q = Unit lateral pressure = 0.000526y = Maximum deflection
bending stressdiaphragm stress
Maximum stress due to flexure and diaphragm tension combinedv = Poisson's ratio = 0.3E = Modulus of Elasticity = 200,000
Vrain
= Adeck
x Hrain
Adeck
= /4 x Øir2 H
rain =
Weight of 10" accumulated rain water, Wrain = Vol.rain x rain
/4 x (Øir)2 x H(rain) x
= Wdeck + Wrain
=
bd
b + d =
1
qα4
Et 4=Kalignl ¿¿¿
yt+K 2( y
t )3
¿
σα 2
Et 2=K3
yt+K4 ( y
t )2
![Page 37: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
The deck plate is fixed and held at its outer edge by the pontoon, hence condition is consider as:Case 3 - Fixed and Held. Uniform pressure q over entire plate
5.33= 5.86
2.6= 2.86
At the Centre,2
= 2.86
= 0.976
At the edge,4
= 4.40
= 1.73
For= 55,228.70
And
y= 55,140.73
t t
y = 214.3832459 mm
Solving equation 11.11.2
σα² y y 2t t
= 777.4581305786 (at Deck Center)= 1360.154002617 (at Deck Edge)
At Deck Center,= 33.94= 3.34= 30.60
At Deck edge,= 59.37= 5.14= 54.23
It is the diaphragm stress at the edge which causes the tension at the outer edge of the Deck.Hence, the radial force on the inner rim,
Rh = σ diaphgram x deck thickness = 433.85
K1 = 1 - 2
K2 = 1 - 2
K3 = 1 -
K4
K3 = 1 - 2
K4
q α4
Et4
K1
+ K2
y 3 q α4
Et4
= K3
+ K4E. t 2
σtotal
σbending
σdiaphgram
σtotal
σbending
σdiaphgram
=
K 3=2
1−v
![Page 38: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
10 4 PONTOON STRESS DESIGN - CASE 210 .4.1 PONTOON PROPERTIES
Nominal diameter of Inner Rim, Øir = 34248
Section modulus available, Za2 = = 27019626.01Cross sectional area, Aa = 49,176
10 .4.2 MATERIAL PROPERTIESMaterial Properties : SA 516 Gr. 65NSpecified minimum yield stress, Sy = 275.00Yield strength reduction factor, k ( Table M-1 ) = 1.000Allowable stress reduction factor ( App. M.3.5 ), Ks ( = k.Sy/206.7 ) = 1.00Allowable bending stress, Fb = 183.33Allowable compressive stress, Fc = 165.00
10 .4.3 PONTOON RING DESIGN
The uniform radial force acting on the Inner Rim is modelled as load point at each mm of circumference,with a very small angle between load point approximtaed to uniform distributed load in the circular ring design.
RhNumber of load point @ each mm,
= 107593.271/2 x 360/ Nlp = 0.001673
Mid Point Radial load on rim, Rh = 433.85
(Reference to Roark's Formulas For Stress and Strain, 7th Edition, Table 9.2 Case 7)
At Mid-Point,Bending moment, Circ. tensile force,
Rh.Do 1 1 RhMm = - Tm =
4
At Reaction-Point,Bending moment, Circ. tensile force,
Rh.Do 1 1 RhMr = - Tr =
4
10 .4.4 RESULT
RING STABILITY CHECK MID-POINT LOAD-POINT
Bending Moment ( Nmm ) 18.08 -36.15Circumferential force ( N ) 7,429,209 7,429,209Bending Stress ( N/mm² ) 0.0000007 -0.000001Circumferential stress ( N/mm² ) 151.07 151.07
Allow. bending stress ( N/mm² ) 183 183Allow. axial stress ( N/mm² ) 165 165Unity Check 0.92 0.92Condition OK. OK.
10 .4.5 STRESSES SUMMARY
LOAD CASE 1 LOAD CASE 2Deck Center Deck Edge Deck Center Deck Edge
( N/mm² ) 35.92 62.84 33.94 59.37
( N/mm² ) 3.52 5.41 3.34 5.14
( N/mm² ) 32.40 57.43 30.60 54.23
Nlp = x Øir ° Angle° =
( Note : Rh is negative for inward force )
sin 2.sin
tan 2 tan
σtotal
σbending
σdiaphgram
![Page 39: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
11 .0 ROOF SUPPORT LEG DESIGN
22 Nos. at R4 18541.0015 Nos. at R3 13716.0010 Nos. at R2 8839.00
5 Nos. at R1 4267.00
11 .1 GEOMETRIC DATA
Support leg size = 3" Sch. 80
Pipe outside diameter = 88.9
Pipe Thickness, = 7.62
= 1,945.76Radius of gyration, r = I Do2 - Di2
= 24.894
11 .2 MATERIAL PROPERTIESMaterial of Construction for roof support leg : SA 333 Gr 6Specific Minimum Yield Stress, Sy = 241Modulus of Elasticity = 209,000
= 7,850Leg Material
11 .3 LOADING DATASupport leg length at
i) R1 : Lsp1 = 2927ii) R2 : Lsp2 = 2927
iii) R3 : Lsp3 = 2927iv) R4 : Lsp4 = 2940
Deck O.D = 34231Deck Thickness, td = 8
= 920,299,220.87
= 57,794.79
= 1.2
Effective radius for area of deck supported by leg:
= 15415.75
1/2(R3-R2) = 11277.5
1/2(R2-R1) = 6553
Area of deck supported by legs at
i) R1 = 134,905,671.69
ii) R2 = 264,648,384.82
iii) R3 = 347,030,823.13
iv) R4 = 173,714,341.24
Pipe Area, Aleg
Aleg
Density of Material, (plate)
Deck Area, Adeck
Center deck weight, Wdeck
Design Live Load, Llive
R3eff
= 1/2(Øir/2-R3)R2eff =
R1eff=
= R1eff)2
= R2eff)2- (R1eff)
2 )
= R3eff)2- (R2eff)
2 )
= p((Ødeck)2- (R3eff)
2 )
![Page 40: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
11 .4 SUPPORT LEG AT INNER DECK R1No. of legs at R1 = 5
Area of deck supported by legs at R1, A1 = 134,905,671.69
Deck area on each leg, A1' = 26,981,134.34
Deck load on one leg =A1'
= 1,694.42
= 16.62
Live load on one leg = = 32.38Total load on one leg = Deck load + Live load = 49.00
Stress on support leg at inner deck R1, P1 = = 25.18
11 .4.1 ALLOWABLE STRESSAs per AISC code,Slenderness ratio, = K.Lsp1 / Rx-x = 118whereK = 1Column slenderness ratio dividing elastic and inelastic buckling,
Cc = = 130.84 Sy
Sc.all = (i) = 75.08
Sc.all = (ii) = 77.80
Smaller of (i) or (ii)Sc.all = = 74.20
In this case, the allowable stress Sc.all is = 75.08
Since P1 < Sc.all, the support leg at inner deck R1 is satisfactory.
11 .5 SUPPORT LEG AT INNER DECK R2No. of legs at R2 = 10
Area of deck supported by legs at R2, A2 = 264,648,384.82
Deck area on each leg, A2' = 26,464,838.48
Deck load on one leg =A2'
= 1,661.99
= 16.30
Live load on one leg = = 31.76Total load on one leg = Deck load + Live load = 48.06
Stresses on support leg at inner deck R2, P2 = = 24.70
11 .5.1 ALLOWABLE STRESSAs per AISC code,Slenderness ratio, = K.Lsp2 / Rx-x = 118whereK = 1Column slenderness ratio dividing elastic and inelastic buckling,
Cc = = 130.84 Sy
Wdeck
x Adeck
Llive
x A1'
Total Load / Aleg
2²E
When Cc, [ 1 - ² / 2Cc² ].Sy
5/3 + 3 /8Cc - ³/8Cc³When Cc 120,
12²E
23 ²When 120 200,
1.6 - /200
Wdeck
x Adeck
Llive x A2'
2²E
![Page 41: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Sc.all = (i) = 75.08
Sc.all = (ii) = 77.80
Smaller of (i) or (ii)Sc.all = = 74.20
In this case, the allowable stress Sc.all is = 75.08
Since P2 < Sc.all, the support leg at inner deck R2 is satisfactory.
11 .6 SUPPORT LEG AT INNER DECK R3No. of legs at R3 = 15
Area of deck supported by legs at R3, A3 = 347,030,823.13
Deck area on each leg, A3' = 23,135,388.21
Deck load on one leg =A3'
= 1,452.90
= 14.25
Live load on one leg = = 27.76Total load on one leg = Deck load + Live load = 42.02
Stresses on support leg at inner deck R3, P3 = = 21.59
11 .6.1 ALLOWABLE STRESSAs per AISC code,Slenderness ratio, = K.Lsp3 / Rx-x = 118whereK = 1Column slenderness ratio dividing elastic and inelastic buckling,
Cc = = 130.84 Sy
Sc.all = (i) = 75.08
Sc.all = (ii) = 77.80
Smaller of (i) or (ii)Sc.all = = 74.20
In this case, the allowable stress Sc.all is = 75.08
Since P3 < Sc.all, the support leg at inner deck R3 is satisfactory.
When Cc, [ 1 - ² / 2Cc² ].Sy
5/3 + 3 /8Cc - ³/8Cc³When Cc 120,
12²E
23 ²When 120 200,
1.6 - /200
Wdeck x Adeck
Llive x A3'
Total Load / Aleg
2²E
When Cc, [ 1 - ² / 2Cc² ].Sy
5/3 + 3 /8Cc - ³/8Cc³When Cc 120,
12²E
23 ²When 120 200,
1.6 - /200
![Page 42: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
11 .7 SUPPORT LEG AT PONTOONNo. of legs at R4 = 27
Area of deck supported by legs at R4, A4 = 173,714,341.24
Deck area on each leg, A4' = 6,433,864.49
Deck load on one leg =A4'
= 404.05
= 3.96
= 55,248.45= 5,022.59= 49.27
Live load on one leg = = 7.72Total load on one leg = Deck load + Live load + Pontoon weight = 60.96
Stresses on support leg at Pontoon, P4 = = 31.33
11 .7.1 ALLOWABLE STRESSAs per AISC code,Slenderness ratio, = K.Lsp4 / Rx-x = 118whereK = 1Column slenderness ratio dividing elastic and inelastic buckling,
Cc = = 130.84 Sy
Sc.all = (i) = 74.62
Sc.all = (ii) = 77.12
Smaller of (i) or (ii)Sc.all = = 73.93
In this case, the allowable stress Sc.all is = 74.62
Since P3 < Sc.all, the support leg at inner deck R3 is satisfactory.
11 .8 STRESSES SUMMARY
Leg at radius No. of leg RESULT
4267.00 5.00 25.18 75.08 OK8839.00 10.00 24.70 75.08 OK
13716.00 15.00 21.59 75.08 OK18541.00 22.00 31.33 74.62 OK
Wdeck
x Adeck
Pontoon weight, Wpontoon
Pontoon weight on one leg, Wpontoon'
Llive
x A4'
Total Load / Aleg
2²E
When Cc, [ 1 - ² / 2Cc² ].Sy
5/3 + 3 /8Cc - ³/8Cc³When Cc 120,
12²E
23 ²When 120 200,
1.6 - /200
Actual stress, (N/mm2)
Allowable stress, (N/mm2)
![Page 43: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
15
8
mm
N/mm²N/mm²kg/m³
mm
mmmmmmmmmm
mmmm
mmmmmm
mmmmmmmmmmmmmm
kg/mkg/m
![Page 44: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
kg/mkg/mmmmm
kg/mkg/mmmmm
kgkg
kgkg
kg
kg
kgkgkgkg
kgkgkg
m³
m³
m³
m³
![Page 45: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
mm
m³
mm
Freeboard above deck,
m³
![Page 46: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
m³
H
mmm
m³
mm
m³
mmm
mm2
N/mm2
![Page 47: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
N/mm²
![Page 48: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
N/mm
N/mm2
N/mm2
N/mm2
N/mm2
N/mm2
N/mm2
![Page 49: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
mmmmmmmm
radrad
mm
mm³
N/mm²
N/mm²N/mm²
°N
mm4
for inward force )
![Page 50: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
m³
mm³
mm
kg
kg
kg
N/mm²
kg/m2
N/mm2
![Page 51: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
N/mm
N/mm2
N/mm2
N/mm2
N/mm2
N/mm3
N/mm4
![Page 52: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
mm
mm²
N/mm²
N/mm²N/mm²
°N/ load pt
mm3
![Page 53: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
mm
mm
N/mm²N/mm²kg/m³
mmmmmmmm
mmmm
kg
mm2
mm2
KN/m2
mm2
mm2
mm2
mm2
![Page 54: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
kg
KN
KNKN
N/mm²
N/mm²
N/mm²
N/mm²
kg
KN
KNKN
mm2
mm2
N/mm2
mm2
mm2
N/mm2
![Page 55: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
N/mm²
N/mm²
N/mm²
N/mm²
kg
KN
KNKN
N/mm²
N/mm²
N/mm²
N/mm²
mm2
mm2
N/mm2
![Page 56: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
kg
KN
kg
kgKN
KNKN
N/mm²
N/mm²
N/mm²
N/mm²
mm2
mm2
N/mm2
![Page 57: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
BLEEDER VENT CALCULATION12 .0 DESIGN OF AIR VENTING SYSTEM12 .1 GEOMETRIC DATA
Design Code : API STD 2000 Inside diameter, Di = 39000Tank height, H = 20700Nominal Capacity 24000Design pressure, Pi = 2.50Flash point (FP)/Normal boiling point (NBP) (@ FP ) = 67Filling rate ( Pumping in/Flow rate to tank ), Vi = 427Emptying rate ( Pumping out/Flow rate from tank ), Vo = 1,100
OPERATING VENTING12 .2 NORMAL VACUUM VENTING12 .2.1 Maximum liquid movement out of a tank
Flow rate of free air, Vv1 ( = Vo/15.9 x 15.89 ) = 1097.23
12 .2.2 Thermal inbreathingTank capacity, V = 155,535From Table 2, column 2 (Thermal Venting Capacity Req't ),Flow rate of free air,Vv2 ( @ 0 ft³/hr ) = 0
Total vacuum flow required, Vv ( = Vv1 + Vv2 ) = 1,097
12 .3 NORMAL PRESSURE VENTING12 .3.1 Maximum liquid movement into a tank
Rate of free air per 0.159m³/hr of product import rate, m = 0.17Flow rate of free air, Vp1 ( = Vi/0.159 x m ) = 457
12 .3.2 Thermal outbreathingFrom Table 2, column 3 (Thermal Venting Capacity Req't),Flow rate of free air,Vp2 ( @ 0 ft³/hr ) = 0
Total pressure flow required, Vp ( = Vp1 + Vp2 ) = 457
OPEN VENT SIZING ( BLEEDER VENT SIZING )12 .4 OPEN VENT SIZING CALCULATION
Maximum flow, Q ( @ Vacuum flow at ( @ 2.50 mbarg. ) = 1,097
Q = K. A. 2. g. H
whereK = Discharge coefficient 0.62A = cross sectional area of ventg = acceleration due to gravityH = Head as measure pressure differential
H = = 21
Minimum require cross sectional area of vent,
Q Q = 0.0241K. 2. g. H K = 24,124
whereQ = Max. Air flow required = 0.3048
Specific weight of Air = 11.812 Air density = 1.204
Differential pressure = 250
12 .5 BLEEDER VENT SELECTEDSelected bleeder vent size : 8" Sch StdNumber of vent, N = 1Outside diameter of the vent, do 219Inside Dia. of one vent , di ( @ vent pipe thickness = 8.18 mm ) = 202.64
= 32,251
p
Av_req = 2. g. p
= g
p =
Total cross sectional area of vents, Av_actual
=
![Page 58: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
> Ar_gnv, therefore the nos. & size of vents is satisfactory.Since Av_actual
![Page 59: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
mmmmm³mbarg°Cm³/hrm³/hr
m³/hr
barrels
m³/hr
m³/hr
m³/hrm³/hr
m³/hr
m³/hr
m³/hr
m
m²mm²
mm³/s
kg/m³N/m²
mmmm²
kg/m2s2
![Page 60: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
![Page 61: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
13 .0 ROOF DRAIN DESIGN
Rigid Pipe
1275 Flexible pipe
225Rigid Pipe
13 .1 GEOMETRIC DATATank Nominal Diameter =Tank Height, =Roof lowest height, H =Drain outlet nozzle elevation, z =
Roof Deck Area =
Design Rain Fall =
Design drainage required, Qreq. =
No. of Roof Drain, N =Roof drain pipe size (rigid & fitting) =Dain Pipe Outside Diameter, Do =Drain pipe thickness =
Drain Pipe length :L1 = Rigid 20 m x 2 nos. =L2 = Flexible 23.14 m x 1 nos. =
13 .2 Number of Fitting & Accessories per drain pipe
- =
- =
- Valve =- Rigid pipe =- Flexible pipe =
13 .3 TOTAL HEAD
H = h + 2g
45º elbow N45º
90º elbow N90º
Nv
V2
![Page 62: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
13 .4 TOTAL HEAD LOSS OF ROOF DRAIN PIPE
K L'2g D
WhereH = Total head between the lowest position of deck and the =
roof drain nozzleG = Gravity accelerationK = Friction Coefficient
- For rigid pipe : =
- For flexible pipe : =L' = Total equivalent length of drain pipeD = Inside Diameter of drain pipe =
13 .5 EQUIVALENT PIPE LENGTH OF VALVE AND FITTING Accordance to NFPA 15 Table 8.5.2.1,
Equivalent length for 4" =
=
=
=
=
13 .6 TOTAL HEAD LOSS OF ROOF DRAIN PIPE
2g D D
+ 12g D D
13 .7 FLOW VELOCITY2 g H
V = + 1
= D D
13 .8 DRAINAGE FLOW RATE PER DRAIN PIPEQ = AREA x Velocity
= =
13 .9 MINIMUM ROOF DRAIN REQUIRED
Nreq =Drainage flow rate required
=Actual flow rate per drain
MINIMUM REQUIRED =
V2
K1
K2
45º elbow, L45º
90º elbow, L90º
Valve, Lv
Total equivalent pipe length for RIGID PIPE:L
1' = L
1 + N
45º x L
45º + N
90º x L
90º + N
v x L
v
Total equivalent pipe length for Flexible PIPE:L
2' = L
2
V2 K1 L
1' K
2 L
2'
V2 K1 L
1' K
2 L
2'
K1 L
1' K
2 L
2'
/4 x D2 x V x 3600 (s/hr)
h = x
h = x +
H =
H = +
+
![Page 63: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
39,000 mm20,100 mm
1500 mm225 mm
920.30
50 mm/hr
46.01
24" Sch 80
101.6 mm8.56 mm
40 m23.14 m
2
1
121
m2
m3/ hr
![Page 64: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
1.275 m
0.0168
0.03
0.08448 m
3.1
1.2
0.6
48 m
23.14 m
1.15 m/s
23.30
1.97
2
m3 / hr
![Page 65: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Page
280133979.xls
14 WEIGHT ANALYSIS
ITEM NO : 7061T-3901
1 GENERALDesign Type of roof support : Type of roofcode : API 650 11th Edition NA : Floating RoofInside Tank heightdiameter : 39,000 mm : 20,700 mmSteel density Roof plates lapping Annular/Bottom plates lappingShell / Btm : 7,850 kg/m³ factor : 20.70 factor : 1Roof : 8,027 kg/m³
2 SHELL COURSES
ONE - FOOT METHOD (OUTER TANK) YCourse No. Material Thickness Width Weight
(mm) (mm) (kg)1 A 516 GR. 65N 28.00 2,440 65,7572 A 516 GR. 65N 25.00 2,440 58,7073 A 516 GR. 65N 22.00 2,440 51,6584 A 516 GR. 65N 19.00 2,440 44,6115 A 516 GR. 65N 16.00 2,440 37,5646 A 516 GR. 65N 13.00 2,440 30,5187 A 516 GR. 65N 11.00 2,020 21,3778 A 516 GR. 65N 11.00 2,020 21,3779 A 516 GR. 65N 11.00 2,020 21,377
10 - - - -
Total weight of shell plates = 352,948 kg
3 BOTTOM PLATES YMaterial Thickness Outside Dia. Weight
(mm) (mm) (kg)A 516 GR. 65N 9.00 39,130 84,961 = 84,961 kg
4 TOP CURB ANGLE YMaterial Size Qty Length Unit Weight Weight
(mm) (kg/m) (kg)A 516 GR. 65N 76 x 76 x 6.4 1 122,827 10.33 1,269 = 1,269 kg
5 TOP WIND GIRDERS YMaterial Size Qty Length Unit Weight Weight
(mm) (kg/m) (kg)A 516 GR. 65N T 825 x 250 x 8 x 10 1 125,183 87.51 10,955 = 10,955 kg
6 INTERMEDIATE WIND GIRDERS YMaterial Size Qty Length Unit Weight Weight
(mm) (kg/m) (kg)A 516 GR. 65N T 405 x 150 1 124,476 53.76 6,691 = 6,691 kg
7 NOZZLES YTotal weight of nozzles 1,500 = 1,500 kg
8 MISCELLANEOUS YAssuming 5.00 % of total weight 22,916 = 22,916 kg
9 STAIRWAY & PERIMETER PLATFORM YPlatform Weight 165.00 KN 16,820 = 16,820 kg
10 OPERATING LIQUID WEIGHTOperating liquid height (@ = 20,700 mm & sg @= 1.00 ) = 24,728,026 kg
11 HYDROSTATIC WATER WEIGHTHydrostatic water height (@ 20,700 mm ) = 24,728,026 kg
ERECTION WEIGHT (Exclude roof) = 498,060 kgOPERATING WEIGHT = 25,226,086 kgFIELD HYDROSTATIC TEST WEIGHT = 25,226,086 kg
![Page 66: Kuan 2009 Appendix](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022012312/563dbba0550346aa9aaed6eb/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Page
280133979.xls