Chang Ho CHOI

6, Apr. 2009

Chang Ho CHOI

6, Apr. 2009

KSTAR ConstructionKSTAR ConstructionKSTAR ConstructionKSTAR Construction

The missions of the KSTARThe missions of the KSTARThe missions of the KSTARThe missions of the KSTAR

• To develop a steadyTo develop a steadyTo develop a steadyTo develop a steady----statestatestatestate----capable advanced superconducting tokamakcapable advanced superconducting tokamakcapable advanced superconducting tokamakcapable advanced superconducting tokamak

• To establish the scientific and technological bases for future To establish the scientific and technological bases for future To establish the scientific and technological bases for future To establish the scientific and technological bases for future fusion reactorfusion reactorfusion reactorfusion reactor

Major Properties of the KSTARMajor Properties of the KSTARMajor Properties of the KSTARMajor Properties of the KSTAR• Fully superconducting magnetsFully superconducting magnetsFully superconducting magnetsFully superconducting magnets

• Long pulse operation capabilityLong pulse operation capabilityLong pulse operation capabilityLong pulse operation capability

• Flexible plasma shape and position controlFlexible plasma shape and position controlFlexible plasma shape and position controlFlexible plasma shape and position control

• Flexible pressure and current profile controlFlexible pressure and current profile controlFlexible pressure and current profile controlFlexible pressure and current profile control

• Advanced profile and control diagnosticsAdvanced profile and control diagnosticsAdvanced profile and control diagnosticsAdvanced profile and control diagnostics

KSTAR ProjectKSTAR ProjectKSTAR Project

KSTAR : Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research

1.81.81.81.8 mmmm

0.5 m0.5 m0.5 m0.5 m

2.0 MA2.0 MA2.0 MA2.0 MA

2.02.02.02.0

0.80.80.80.8

3.5 Tesla3.5 Tesla3.5 Tesla3.5 Tesla

300 sec300 sec300 sec300 sec

8.6 m8.6 m8.6 m8.6 m8.8 m8.8 m8.8 m8.8 mNbNbNbNb3333Sn/IncoloySn/IncoloySn/IncoloySn/IncoloyNbTi/SUS316LN NbTi/SUS316LN NbTi/SUS316LN NbTi/SUS316LN 270 Ton270 Ton270 Ton270 Ton9 kW9 kW9 kW9 kW

KSTARKSTARKSTARKSTAR

24 m24 m24 m24 m28 28 28 28 mmmmNbNbNbNb3333Sn/SUS316LNSn/SUS316LNSn/SUS316LNSn/SUS316LNNbTi/SUS316LNNbTi/SUS316LNNbTi/SUS316LNNbTi/SUS316LN10,135 Ton10,135 Ton10,135 Ton10,135 Ton72 kW72 kW72 kW72 kW

6.26.26.26.2 mmmm

2.0 m2.0 m2.0 m2.0 m

15 MA 15 MA 15 MA 15 MA

1.71.71.71.7

0.330.330.330.33

5.3 Tesla5.3 Tesla5.3 Tesla5.3 Tesla

400 sec400 sec400 sec400 sec

ITERITERITERITER

Major Radius, Major Radius, Major Radius, Major Radius, RRRR0000

Minor Radius, Minor Radius, Minor Radius, Minor Radius, a a a a

Plasma Current, Plasma Current, Plasma Current, Plasma Current, IIIIP P P P

Elongation, Elongation, Elongation, Elongation, κκκκTriangularityTriangularityTriangularityTriangularity, , , , δδδδToroidal Field, Toroidal Field, Toroidal Field, Toroidal Field, BBBBT0 T0 T0 T0

Pulse Length Pulse Length Pulse Length Pulse Length

Dimension, HeightDimension, HeightDimension, HeightDimension, HeightDiameter Diameter Diameter Diameter

Superconductor, TFSuperconductor, TFSuperconductor, TFSuperconductor, TFPFPFPFPF

Magnet WeightMagnet WeightMagnet WeightMagnet WeightCryogenic SystemCryogenic SystemCryogenic SystemCryogenic System

Machine ParametersMachine ParametersMachine Parameters

Start of KSTAR Project (Phase I)Start of KSTAR Project (Phase I)• 1995. 12.• 1995. 12.

KSTAR Concept ReviewKSTAR Concept Review• 1996. 11.• 1996. 11.

KSTAR Tokamak Systems Engineering ReviewKSTAR Tokamak Systems Engineering Review• 1997. 12.• 1997. 12.

• 1998. 09.• 1998. 09.

KSTAR Magnet System ReviewKSTAR Magnet System Review• 1999. 08.• 1999. 08.

KSTAR EU Workshop (Engineering Review)KSTAR EU Workshop (Engineering Review)• 2000. 09.• 2000. 09.

• 2002. 06.• 2002. 06.

Start of AssemblyStart of Assembly• 2004. 01.• 2004. 01.

Completion of VV and Cryostat FabricationCompletion of VV and Cryostat Fabrication• 2004. 08.• 2004. 08.

• 2006. 03.• 2006. 03.

• 2006. 11.• 2006. 11.

History of KSTARHistory of KSTARHistory of KSTAR

Start of Engineering Design (Phase II)Start of Engineering Design (Phase II)

Start of Fabrication (Phase III)Start of Fabrication (Phase III)

Completion of TF Magnet Structure FabricationCompletion of TF Magnet Structure Fabrication

Completion of All Magnet SystemCompletion of All Magnet System

• 2007. 09.• 2007. 09. Completion of ConstructionCompletion of Construction

• 2008. 06.• 2008. 06. First PlasmaFirst Plasma

Vacuum Vessel

Cryostat

VV Thermal shield

Assembly

Gravity Support

Vacuum Pumping System

Major ComponentsMajor ComponentsMajor Components

Magnet

16 TF Coils16 TF Structures

8 CS Coils

PF Structures

CS Structure

6 PF Coils

Current Feeders

Superconducting Magnet SystemSuperconducting Magnet SystemSuperconducting Magnet System

PF5U ICB

TF ICB

TF Inter-coil ICBTF Return ICB

PF6L ICB

PF6U ICB

PF7 ICB

CS1U/2U ICB

CS3U/4U ICB

Electrical Break

Vacuum Break

Current Feeder SystemCurrent Feeder SystemCurrent Feeder System

3.5 TOperating Field(B op)

>750 (@ 12 T)Critical Current Density

(A/mm, Jc @ 4.2 K)

4.8 KTemperature Margin(T cs-Top)

Nb3SnSuperconductor

Incoloy 908Jacket material

34Helium Fraction(f He)

162Number of Cu Strand

324Number of SC Strand

2.86 mmConduit Thickness

25.65××××25.65 mm2Conductor Dimension

(1Cu+2SC)××××3××××3××××3××××6Cable Configuration

4.5 KOperation Temperature

35.2 kAOperation Current(I op)

7.2 TRated Peak Field

ChromeCoating Materials

> 100RRR of Cu Strand

0.78 mmDiameter of Cu Strand

0.78 mmDiameter of SC Strand

1.5±±±±0.15:1Cu/Non-Cu Ratio

1 ±±±± 0.5 ㎛㎛㎛㎛Coating Thickness

ValueParameter

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Temperature (K)

Nor

mal

ized

cur

rent

, Ilim

/Iop

or

Ic/I

op

Ilim/IopIc/Iop

Operational point

Parameters of TF CoilParameters of TF CoilParameters of TF Coil

4.3 KTemperature Margin(T cs-Top)

>750 (@ 12 T)Critical Current Density(A/mm, Jc @ 4.2 K)

Nb3SnSuperconductor

Incoloy 908Jacket material

34Helium Fraction(f He)

120Number of Cu Strand

240Number of SC Strand

2.41 mmConduit Thickness

22.3××××22.3 mm2Conductor Dimension

(1Cu+2SC)××××4××××5××××6Cable Configuration

4.5 KOperation Temperature

25 kAOperation Current(I op)

7.8 TRated Peak Field

ChromeCoating Materials

> 100RRR of Cu Strand

0.78 mmDiameter of Cu Strand

0.78 mmDiameter of SC Strand

1.5±±±±0.15:1Cu/Non-Cu Ratio

1 ±±±± 0.5㎛㎛㎛㎛Coating Thickness

ValueParameter

2.8 KTemperature Margin(T cs-Top)

>2700 (@ 5 T)Critical Current Density(A/mm, Jc @ 4.2 K)

NbTiSuperconductor

STS 316LNJacket material

34Helium Fraction(f He)

120Number of Cu Strand

240Number of SC Strand

2.41 mmConduit Thickness

22.3××××22.3 mm2Conductor Dimension

(1Cu+2SC)××××4××××5××××6Cable Configuration

4.5 KOperation Temperature

20 kAOperation Current(I op)

2.4 TRated Peak Field

ChromeCoating Materials

> 100RRR of Cu Strand

0.78 mmDiameter of Cu Strand

0.78 mmDiameter of SC Strand

2.8±±±±0.28:1Cu/Non-Cu Ratio

1 ±±±± 0.5㎛㎛㎛㎛Coating Thickness

ValueParameter

Central Solenoid & PF5 Coils Outer PF6 & 7 Coils

Parameters of CS & PF CoilsParameters of CS & PF CoilsParameters of CS & PF Coils

Nb3Sn Strand

NbTi Strand

TF CICC Spool (640 m)

PF CICC Spool (max 1.7 km)

� TF CICC Fabrication

� PF CICC Fabrication

TF CICC (486 strands, 25.65 mm)

PF CICC (360 strands, 22.3 mm)

Cable In Conduit Conductor (CICC)Cable In Conduit Conductor (CICC)Cable In Conduit Conductor (CICC)

Linear Drawing &Wire Drawing

Tin Rod

Copper StabilizerTube

Wire Drawing

Subelement

SubelementBundle

TwistingCr-CoatedStrand

Copper MatrixNb Rod

0.78mm Dia.

Fabrication of NB3Sn StrandFabrication of NB3Sn StrandFabrication of NB3Sn Strand

Incoloy908 & SS316LNConduit

SC & Cu Strand

Strand Cabling

Welding

Drawing

RollingCICC

CICC SpoolJacketingInsert SUS316L TubedVoltage Tap Sensor

Fabrication of CICCFabrication of CICCFabrication of CICC

CICC SpoolHelium Leak Check

VPI(Vacuum Pressure Impregnation)Kapton & S-glass Insulation Taping S-glass Ground Wrapping

Grit Blasting & Magnet WindingFeed-thru, Joint/Termination PreparationVacuum Reaction

EncasingSystem Integration

Fabrication procedure of TF & CS CoilFabrication procedure of TF & CS CoilFabrication procedure of TF & CS Coil

CICC SpoolHelium Leak Check

Vacuum Epoxy Impregnation S-glass Ground Wrapping

Grit Blasting & Magnet WindingKapton & S-glass Insulation Taping

Helium Feed-thru & Current Lead Preparation

Fabrication procedure of PF CoilFabrication procedure of PF CoilFabrication procedure of PF Coil

TF01 Heat Treatment

TF00 Insulation Taping

TF04 Coil Winding

TF00 Coil Test

Coil FabricationCoil FabricationCoil Fabrication

� Overview

• Real-size, D-shaped TF coil

• Cool-down to 4.5 K (10 days)

• Supercritical helium cooling

• No SAGBO evidence in Incoloy908 due

to heat treatment

• Current test up to 33 kA

Cool-down Slow Discharge Fast Discharge

Setup

Superconducting Coil TestSuperconducting Coil TestSuperconducting Coil Test

Start of Site AssemblyStart of Site Assembly 2004. 12004. 12004. 12004. 1

Construction of Main Assembly ToolConstruction of Main Assembly Tool 2004. 62004. 62004. 62004. 6

Completion of VV & CR Fabrication Completion of VV & CR Fabrication 2004. 72004. 72004. 72004. 7

Installation of VV & VVTSInstallation of VV & VVTS 2005. 22005. 22005. 22005. 2

Start of 1st TF Magnet AssemblyStart of 1st TF Magnet Assembly 2005. 42005. 42005. 42005. 4

Completion of TF Magnet AssemblyCompletion of TF Magnet Assembly 2006. 32006. 32006. 32006. 3

Assembly of PF CoilsAssembly of PF Coils 2006. 92006. 92006. 92006. 9

Assembly of CS CoilsAssembly of CS Coils 2006. 102006. 102006. 102006. 10

Installation of In-cryostat Comp.Installation of In-cryostat Comp. 2006. 122006. 122006. 122006. 12

Installation of Cryostat CylinderInstallation of Cryostat Cylinder 2007. 12007. 12007. 12007. 1

Installation of Cryostat LidInstallation of Cryostat Lid 2007. 42007. 42007. 42007. 4

Basic Diagnostics Basic Diagnostics Basic Diagnostics Basic Diagnostics • Rogowski coils : 3 sets• Diamagnetic loops : 1 set• Magnetic field probes : 64 ea• Flux loop : 5 sets• Vessel current monitor : 3 sets• ECE system• Interferometer • Visible TV/ Illuminator • H-alpha Monitoring Systems

Auxiliary Heating SystemsAuxiliary Heating SystemsAuxiliary Heating SystemsAuxiliary Heating Systems• ECH launcher system• ICRH launcher system

PFCsPFCsPFCsPFCs and Fueling Systemand Fueling Systemand Fueling Systemand Fueling System• Inboard limiter (Graphite, no cooling)• Poloidal limiter (Graphite, no cooling)• GDC probes• Port flanges for gas fueling system

In-vessel ComponentsIn-vessel Components

Alignment of PF MagnetsAlignment of PF MagnetsAlignment of PF MagnetsAlignment of PF Magnets Alignment of TF MagnetsAlignment of TF MagnetsAlignment of TF MagnetsAlignment of TF Magnets

Assembly of CS MagnetAssembly of CS MagnetAssembly of CS MagnetAssembly of CS Magnet Assembly of TF MagnetAssembly of TF MagnetAssembly of TF MagnetAssembly of TF Magnet

Coil Alignment ResultsCoil Alignment ResultsCoil Alignment Results

KSTAR Experimental HallKSTAR Experimental HallKSTAR Experimental Hall