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Transcript of Krewson brickyard. North Drain. @ 1884 › planning › hrrc › pdfs › 2 CH1... · 1 square mile...
Krewson brickyard. North Drain. @ 1884
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INTRODUCTION
Cultural resources1, including historic resources, cultural areas, provide a link to the past
which allows us and future generations a way of relating to past traditions and cultures. For this
reason cultural resource protection is included in comprehensive plans. Conservation of these
resources, many of which are fragile and non-renewable, is needed to fulfill recreation and research
needs; to give a sense of place and continuity to our communities and regions; to improve the
housing and commercial structure stock; to provide educational opportunities; and to diversify the
County's economy through increased tourism.
The objective of this element is to move a step closer to fulfilling these needs by developing
a compre�ensive program to conserve the County's cultural resources.
Applicable Statewide Planning Goals, Findings, goals and policies in the following provide
a basis for decision making. An historic overview of Douglas County (Chapter II) is a fitting place
to begin examining Douglas County's cultural resources. The overview presents a cross section of
events in Douglas County beginning in pre-history and ending at present. Chapter III discusses
criteria, inventory methods and information sources for cultural resource identification whereas
practical methods of conserving significant resources are examined in Chapter IV.
Applicable Statewide Planning Goals
Statewide Planning GoalS requires the protection of cultural resources stating:
Goal: "To conserve open space and protect natural and scenic resources.
Programs shall be provided that will: (1) insure open space, (2) protect scenic and historic areas and natural resources for future generations, and (3) promote healthy and visually attractive environments in harmony with the natural landscape character. The location, quality and quantity of [cultural] resources shall be inventoried."
Cultural resources include historic sites, structures and objects and cultural areas. Cultural
area refers to an area characterized by evidence of an ethnic, religious or social group with distinctive
traits, beliefs and social forms. Historic areas are lands with sites, structures and objects that have
local, regional, statewide or national historic significance.
lSee definition of cultural resource in glossary.
The Goal further requires:
"Where no conflicting uses for such resources have been identified, such resources shall be managed so as to preserve their original character. Where conflicting uses have been identified the economic, social, environmental and energy consequences of the conflicting uses shall be detennined and programs developed to achieve the goaL"
Statewide Planning Goal 8 is the only other goal that directly refers to cultural resources.
It requires planning of recreation areas, facilities and opportunities (including "historic resources"),
to satisfy the present and future recreation needs of the citizens of the state and visitors.
Although not directly mentioned, three other Goals apply to conservation of cultural
resources. The need for public and private sector cooperation and support to sustain a conservation
effort makes Goal 1, Citizen Participation, applicable to such a program. Conservation of historic
resources, e.g., the preservation, rehabilitation, or restoration of historic buildings, can contribute
to economic development or housing opportunities through the creation of labor intensive jobs and
additional space for commerce and dwellings--often requiring less energy than construction of new
buildings. Statewide Planning Goal 9, "Economy of the State, Goal 10, Housing, and Goal 13,
Energy Conservation, relate to each of these contributions and are therefore applicable to cultural
resource conservation.
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CULTURAL AND HISTORIC RESOURCES FINDINGS
1. Douglas County is using a systematic procedure to identify and protect cultural resources.
2. The National Register of Historic Places contains the following cultural resources which are
located in Unincorporated Douglas County:
The Charles Applegate House, Susan Creek Indian Mounds Site, Umpqua River
Lighthouse, Henry G. Brown House, Harry Winston House, Winchester Dam,
Nathaniel Curry House and Barn, Moses Parrott House, George M. Marsh (James
Winter) Barn, Henry Clay Smith House, Roberts Mountain House, C.E. Moyer
Nursery, Bernard Pitzer Smith House, Peter Weaver House and Barn, Glide Ranger
Station Office, Milo Academy Bridge, Stephens Community Historic District, and
the Gardiner Historic District.
3. Resources listed in the Statewide InventorY of Historic Sites and Buildings, were evaluated
by the Historic Resource Review Committee.
4. Statewide Planning GoalS does not include criteria for historic significance, but rather leaves
that determination to local decision makers.
S. Both the Bureau of Land Management and U.S. Forest Service have active historic and
archaeological site identification programs.
6. Over 100 archaeological sites on private lands in Douglas County are registered with the
Oregon State Historic Preservation Office. These resources are identified at the Section or
1 square mile level, and thus are considered by Douglas County as needing further research
under the provisions of OAR 660-16-100(lB).
7. Over 100 archaeological sites on Federal lands located in Douglas County are registered with
the Oregon State Historic Preservation Office and are adequately protected by the Federal
government.
8. A buffer area around a historic district or isolated resource is a method of protecting the
resource from new conflicting land uses.
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9. Scenic easements, tax incentives and low interest loans or grants are financial incentives for
conservation of historic resources.
10. APPLICATION OF OAR 660-16-000 TO THE EVALUATION PROCESS FOR
CULTURAL AND HISTORIC RESOURCES
The Douglas County Historic Resource Review Committee (HRRC) is charged, under
Chapter 9 of the Douglas County Land Use and Development Ordinance, with the
responsibility of determining which resources are significant, of special interest, or of general
interest historically to Douglas County. Prior to the assessment of historic significance, a
completed inventory delineating the location, quality and quantity of the potential resource
is conducted and included by reference in the Comprehensive Plan.
Once potential cultural and historic resources have been evalu'ated by the HRRC, Douglas
County will include them in the Historic Resource Register or the Cultural and Historic
Resource Inventory. Of those sites listed in the Historic Resource Register, only those
deemed significant by Douglas County shall obtain protection under §3.3S.400 and Chapter
9 of the Douglas County Land Use and Development Ordinance, and thus meet the GoalS
standard of protecting historic areas which have local, regional, statewide or national
historical significance. Other sites deemed of special or general historic interest, as listed in
the Douglas County Historic Resource Register, are not considered significant by Douglas
County and thus no further application of the GoalS process is necessary.
For archaeological sites listed by the State Historic Preservation Office located on private
lands, additional information on location and site quality will be necessary to complete the
inventory. When and if funding is available, Douglas County will consider the pursuit of an
archaeological inventory and associated implementation programs to achieve GoalS.
a. Conflicting Uses
Activities or uses which may conflict with the conservation or protection of signifi
cant cultural and historic resources are addressed in §9.070 and §9.080 of the
Douglas County Land Use and Development Ordinance. Specific uses are as
follows:
(1) An exterior modification which would alter the historic significance of a
structure.
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(2) New construction on a public or private significant historic site or in a
Historic District which would alter the historic significance of the site or dis
trict.
(3) Demolition of a significant historic resource.
b. Economic, Social, Environmental and Energy (ESEE) consequences of
conserving Cultural and Historic Resources. The following ESEE analysis
applies only to those uses specified in a.(I) and a.(2). Demolitions (a.(3» are not
included because a decision to raze a significant historic structure will be made on.
a site specific basis under the provisions of §9.080. The ESEE analysis is included
as part of the decision process of §9.080.
(1) Economic Consequences: The economic benefits of conserving cultural and
historic resources are numerous. The opportunity to view places and
structures associated with the past attracts tourists from both outside and
inside the County. Because one-third of the 1-5 corridor bisects Douglas
County, we have a great opportunity to capitalize economically from historic
preservation in a manner similar to the communities of Jacksonville,
Brownsville and, locally, Oakland, Oregon.
Because Douglas County citizens take pride in their past through annual
historic theme celebrations held in several communities from Scottsburg to
Canyonville, historic preservation certainly supports such ventures both
economically and socially. Also, historic preservation attracts outside capital
for the purposes of restoring structures for commercial ventures. The prime
example of such an activity in Southern Oregon is the Wolf Creek Tavern in
Josephine County. One similar venture is anticipated in Douglas County in
the near future.
Economically, historic preservation increases the number of available
structures to be used for residential and commercial purposes. Such
rehabilitation efforts also provide some employment opportunity for the local
building trade.
The economic consequences of not preserving historic resources can be
viewed from two perspectives. In a specific case, pre preemption of a new
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industrial or commercial venture in favor of the preservation of a historic
resource may prevent establishment of a particular economic venture.
However, Douglas County has and will continue to recognize in its
Comprehensive Plan ample land suitable for economic enterprise and,
therefore, the possibility of this scenario occurring is remote.
Also, one can take the view that restoration as a cost saving measure is not
as economically beneficial in the short term to a community as new
construction. However, the additional jobs associated with restoration and
the potential long-term tourism benefits accruing annually from historic
preservation far exceed the minor short-term concerns.
(2) Social Consequences: Socially, historic and cultural resource preservation
is a positive attribute to a community. Historic resources retain a sense of
"place" for a community as well as provide a wealth of educational
opportunities for gener:;ttions to come.
(3) Environmental Consequences: Environmental consequences would be
negligible overall and oriented to a specific site and issue.
(4) Energy Consequences: Energy consequences are minor but positive in that
restoration of historic buildings often includes the insulation of noninsulated
structures. Also, historic preservation attracts local tourists who might
otherwise travel a greater distance to recreate.
(5) Conclusion: Based on the preceding findings, it is apparent to Douglas
County that the overall long- and short-term benefits derived from preserving
the cultural and historic resources of the County will in most cases far exceed
the negative consequences associated with preserving such a resource.
c. Programs to Achieve the Goal
Douglas County provides through §3.35.400, §9.070 and §9.080 of the Douglas
County Land Use and Development Ordinance a program to conserve significant
cultural and historic resources.
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Section 3.35.400 is the Cultural, Historic and Archaeological Resource Overlay Zone
which shalI be employed for those resources deemed significant by the Historic
Resource Review Committee and upon completion of the Goal 5 process evaluation
and adoption by the Douglas County Commissioners. This overlay zone will require
review of building permits or other land use actions by the Historic Resource Review
Committee upon determination by the Planning Director that a developmental
activity pertains to or is within a resource site.
Section 9.070 will require review by the Director or Historic Resource Review
Committee of proposed alterations of, or exterior remodeling of a cultural or historic
resource. The Historic Resource Review Committee is authorized to approve an
application or permit if a finding can be made that the proposal is "harmonious and
compatible with the character of the resource or historic district." The Historic
Resource Review Committee shall find the alteration harmonious and compatible
with the resource or historic district with respect to style, scale, texture and
construction materials and/or find that the alteration will enhance the historical value
of the resource. It must "disapprove the request if the proposal will prove to be
unsightly,· grotesque or otherwise reduce the resource's historic value and/or
significance. "
Section 9.080 provides for a review by the Historic Resource Review Committee
proposed to raze or demolish a significant historic resource. The Committee will
review demolition applications and construct findings addressing the following:
- Structure's state of repair - The reasonableness of repair - Restoration costs - The uniqueness of the resource - The ESEE consequences of approving or denying the application
Based on the findings, the HRRC may approve, deny or attach conditions to an
approval for the purpose of conserving the historic value or a portion of the cultural
value of the resource.
11. Historic Bridges (Revised 11-30-88).
The Douglas County Historic Resource Review Committee (HRRC) evaluated six bridges
together with other potential resources that were listed in the Douglas County Cultural and
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Historic Inventory, 1983, the Statewide Inventory of Historic Sites and Buildings. Douglas
County, 1976, and in the Historical and Archaeological Resources of the Oregon Coast,
1974. The HRRC found that four bridges were historically significant and that the other
three bridges did not meet the County's test for historic significance. The Douglas County
Board of Commissioners heard the HRRC's recommendation for the six bridges and other
historic and cultural resources. The Commission adopted the Committee's findings and
applied the Historic Resources Overlay on February 2, 1984. The six bridges subject to the
overlay are:
Bridge Name
Calapooya Creek (Rochester) Bridge
South Myrtle Creek (Neal Lane) Bridge
South Umpqua River (Myrtle Creek) Bridge
North Umpqua River (Winchester) Bridge
Umpqua River (Reedsport) Bridge
Little River (Cavitt Creek) Bridge
The Oregon Department of Transportation identified ten additional bridges in Douglas County in
the Historic Highway Bridges of Oregon. 1986. The bridges are: South Umpqua River
(Worthington) Bridge, Calapooya Creek (Oakland) Bridge, Umpqua River (Scottsburg) Bridge, Elk
Creek (First Crossing) Bridge, Elk Creek (Second Crossing) Bridge, Elk Creek (Third Crossing)
Bridge, Elk Creek (Fourth Crossing) Bridge, South Umpqua River (Winston) Bridge, South Umpqua
River (Milo) Bridge and North Umpqua River (Mott) Bridge.
The location and quantity of these bridges are known. Information about these bridges are listed in
the Historic Highway Bridges of Oregon.
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CULTURAL AND HISTORIC RESOURCE POLICIES
GOAL: To conserve and maintain the cultural and historic resources of
Douglas County.
OBJECTIVE A: To conserve historic resources and nonsensitive cultural areas in Douglas
County as a way of preserving our history and heritage for future generations.
POLICIES:
1. Evaluate all areas, districts, sites, structures and objects listed on the County's historic
resource inventory for their historic significance.
2. Douglas County shall compile and maintain an official Historic Resource Register listing all
nonsensitive cultural areas and all historic resources determined to possess significant
characteristics worthy of conservation.
3. All historic resources listed in the National Register of Historic Places shall be evaluated for
historic significance.
4. Encourage the preservation, restoration or rehabilitation, maintenance and monumenting of
all significant historic resources and nonsensitive cultural areas.
5. Develop and support programs that conserve historic resources and nonsensitive cultural
areas to increase awareness of the County's history and heritage.
6. Support and maintain an Historic Resource Management Program which promotes
conservation of significant historic sites and districts in Douglas County.
7. When necessary, establish a buffer area to separate new land uses that would create or lead
to conflicts with historic resources or nonsensitive cultural areas listed in Douglas County's
Historic Resource Register.
8. Encourage private land owners to participate in available incentive programs (e.g., conser
vation easements and tax incentives) which provide incentive for conserving historic re
sources or nonsensitive cultural areas.
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9. Encourage the commercial use of historic resources when found compatible with surrounding
land uses and consistent with conservation or restoration of the historic structure.
10. Provide and maintain markers of historic resources and nonsensitive cultural areas through
out the County.
11. Use of County-owned land in the vicinity of historic structures or sites shall be compatible
with such structures or sites.
POLICY IMPLEMENTATION:
1. Actively maintain an inventory of potential historic resources.
2. Establish criteria for determining whether a potential historic resource:
a. Possesses significant historic characteristics worthy of conservation;
b. Possesses qualities of special historic interest, meriting only a monument;
c. Possesses historic characteristics of general public interest; or
d. No longer possesses significant historic characteristics due to such actions as altera
tion or demolition and therefore should be removed from the County's inventory.
3. Maintain an Historic Resource Register which lists:
a. Significant historic resources;
b. Resources of special interest; and
c. Resources of general public interest.
4. When and where appropriate and when funds are available, provide and maintain monuments
which identify resources that have been determined to either have historic significance or are
of special historic interest.
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5. Assist the Historic Resource Review Committee in facilitating the conservation of historic
resources by:
a. Developing criteria for evaluating historic resources;
b. Evaluating the historic significance of potential historic resources and recommending
approval for inclusion in the Historic Resource Register; or the Cultural and Historic
Resources Inventory;
c. Coordinating historic resource identification· and conservation efforts with other
public agencies;
d. Advising appropriate bodies concerning applications for pennits to demolish or alter
significant historic resources listed in the Historic Resource Register;
e. Developing and supporting programs that conserve historic resources and increase
awareness of the County's historic heritage; and
f. Recommending removal of a resource from the register or inventory if its historic
value has decreased significantly due to addition of a similar resource or authorized
demolition.
OBJECTIVE B: To support protection of archaeological resources in Douglas County.
POLICIES:
1. Douglas County defers protection for archaeological resources to the Federal Government
(strict Federal regulations are already in effect on Federal lands). Inventory data should be
obtained through the Oregon State Historic Preservation Office and other reliable sources.
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