KPP319 – Industrial Excellence7,5 hp

Jessica BruchJessica.bruch@mdh.se

Erik FloresErik.flores@mdh.se

● Based on your experiences – what is industrialexcellence?

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● https://youtu.be/0UenVLRAqBs

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Winner Industrial ExcellenceAward

Smart European manufacturers optimize production for maximum flexibility. They often integrate tightly with

suppliers and customers in order to make rapid adjustments to the manufacturing process

Chick et al. (2014)

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Production decisions have impact on the overall performance of the company

”.. what appears to be routine manufacturing decisions frequently come to limit the corporation’s strategic

options, binding it with facilities, equipment, personnel, basic controls and policies to a non-

competitive posture, which may take years to turn around.”

Skinner (1969)

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Industrial excellence

Productionsystem design

Productionsystem

operations

Experience, knowledge, data

Decisions, plans, guidelines

Competences, Tools

MethodsProcesses

Competences, ToolsMethodsProcesses

(Wiktorsson, 2012)

”As industrial competition increases it becomes more apparent that improved levels of output, efficiency and

quality can only be achieved by designing better production systems rather than by merely exercising

greater control over existing ones.”Bennett (1986)

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Why production development?

● Industrial Excellence - resumé● Introduction of the course● Literature Study

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Agenda

KPP319 – Industrial ExcellenceAim and Objective

● Aim - Give students a deeper knowledge of "Industrial Excellence" and "Competitive Production Systems“.

● How to apply knowledge and model, simulate and analyze industrial processes.

● Objective - Perform an improvement study of a real industrial production process, and suggest improvements.

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How to know what solution to choose?

How to achieve a proper solution?

● Manufacturing strategy guides long term development of manufacturing

● Production development realizes the manufacturing strategy

● Simulation as a tool applied in production system development

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Manufacturing Strategy

ProductionDevelopment

Simulation

KPP319 – Industrial ExcellenceCourse Approach

KPP319 – Industrial ExcellenceContent

● Competitive production systems and its ideas, methodologies and tools.

● Production process development, analysis of processes and methodology for rationalizationstudies.

● Methods for and introduction of Lean production in modern production systems.

● Modelling and simulation as tools with focus on discrete event controlled simulation.

● Performing of applied improvement studies of a section of an industrial production system within manufacturing industry, which are to be analyzed through modelling and simulation.

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KPP319 – Industrial ExcellenceTeachers

● Lectures● Mats Jackson – MDH● Antti Salonen – MDH● Erik Flores – MDH● Magnus Wiktorsson – MDH● Patrick Denzler - MDH● Lennart Swanström - ABB● Mikael Hedelind – ABB● Fredrik Ore – Scania● Madelene Hjelte - Scania● Jessica Bruch – MDH (Course responsibel)

● Simulation Labs● Erik Flores - MDH

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KPP319 – Industrial ExcellenceTeaching Method

● Lectures, seminars, and study visit

● Individual assignment (literature review)

● Group project 3-4 students (The groups arealready assigned)

● Continuous participation from students

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http://zoomin.idt.mdh.se/course/kpp319/

KPP319 – Industrial ExcellenceExamination

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Examination PointsIndividual Assignment 3 hpGroup Assignment 3 hpSeminars and Simulation Labs 1,5 hp

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● Mandatory literature study

● Members in the group must selectan area to perform their study in

● Individual assingments are to be used for the literature part of the Group Report

● We meet for supervision

● Oral and Writen presentations

● See attached document

KPP319 – Industrial ExcellenceIndividual Assignment

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Simulation

● The task of the individual assignment is to provide a systematic review of the production system development literature

● Suitable references are journal articles, conference articles, theses, reports and books.

● Homepages, company reports, lecture notes etc. are not accepted as suitablereferences!

● The majority of references should be published within the last 10 years.

● Search and refer to sources by yourself!

● Individual assignment review 2015-09-11, 2015-09-25 and 2015-10-09

● Hand in of the report at the date of the presentation 2015-10-22 noon

KPP319 – Industrial ExcellenceIndividual Assignment

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Simulation

KPP319 – Industrial ExcellenceIndividual Assignment

Manufacturing Strategy

ProductionDevelopment

Simulation

Group Member 1

Group Member 2

Group Member 3

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● Mandatory

● Groups assigned by Course Coordinator

● Teams are assigned to a company

● We meet for supervision

● Oral and Writen presentations

● See attached document

KPP319 – Industrial ExcellenceGroup Work

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● The project is carried out in co-operation with a manufacturing company.

● The project involves three tasks:1. Describe how the company works with production development2. Production system analysis with simulation3. Total analysis of production development and the production system

based on task 1 and 2

● The work is carried out in groups of 3-4 students, which will be assigned by the course responsible

● First visit at the company: Will be scheduled individually dependent on the company but latest 2015-10-27

● Project reviews: 2015-10-30, 2015-11-13, 2015-11-23, 2015-12-04,● Hand in of the project and company report at the date of the

presentation 2015-12-17 noon

KPP319 – Industrial ExcellenceGroup Work

ExtendSim for Simulation

● Mandatory

● 2 Sessions in the school term● We run through exercises● Individual study will be necessary

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KPP319 – Industrial ExcellenceSeminars and Simulation Lab

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KPP319 – Industrial ExcellenceCourse Timeline

• Course start: week 36• Preparatory work: week 37 – 43• First company visit: week 44 • Case work: 46-50• Final presentation: week 51

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KPP319 – Industrial ExcellenceCompanies we have previously worked with in the course

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KPP319 – Industrial ExcellencePrevious Projects

● Evaluation of flexibility in assemblysystems based on demand

● Effects of line balance loss in multi-product assembly lines

● Evaluation of process changes to meet yearly volume increase

● Implementation of an industrialrobot

● Measuring the effects of Lean in a production system

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KPP319 – Industrial ExcellenceComments on course plan

● The course presupposes continuous participation

● Individual initiative is important

● Self studies

● Great course to network and market yourself with a future employer

● Fantastic opportunity to start your thesis at a company

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KPP319 – Course ReviewAs Seen by Students

● What did students think of the course as a whole 5,9 / 7

● Work in the course was also very well received● Project 6,3 / 7● Literature Review 5,5 / 7● Labs 6,3 / 7

● Relevant to program 5,6 / 7

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KPP319 – Course FeedbackAs Seen by Students

● Lectures at the beginning of the course

● Individual Reviews for each group

● More knowledge about simulation

● More focus on Industrial Excellence

● Industrial Excellence - resumé● Introduction of the course● Literature Study

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Agenda

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Literature Review

● Important part of your grade

● Members of each team will be split into different areas

● This areas will become your Individual Assignment –Literature Review

● Although not mandatory, this could certainly be useful for the theory part of your group project

Manufacturing Strategy

ProductionDevelopment

Simulation

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What is a literature review?

● A literature review is a description of the published literature relevant to a particular field or topic.

● It gives an overview of what has been said, who the key writers are, what are the prevailing theories and hypotheses, what questions are being asked, and what methods and methodologies are appropriate and useful.

● It is not in itself primary research, but rather it reports on other findings.

● A literature review should never be a potted summary of the views of different authors

Describe

Overview

Report

PottedSummary

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One definition● "... a literature review uses as its database reports of primary or original

scholarship, and does not report new primary scholarship itself.

● The primary reports used in the literature may be verbal, but in the vast majority of cases reports are written documents. The types of scholarship may be empirical, theoretical, critical/analytic, or methodological in nature.

● Second a literature review seeks to describe, summarise, evaluate, clarify and/or integrate the content of primary reports."

Cooper, H. M. (1988), "The structure of knowledge synthesis", Knowledge in Society, Vol. 1, pp. 104-126

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Your aim

● Combine both summary and synthesis,

● A summary is a recap of the important information of the source, but a synthesisis a re-organization, or a reshuffling, of that information.

● It might give a new interpretation of old material or combine new with old interpretations.

● Or it might trace the intellectual progression of the field, including major debates.

● And depending on the situation, the literature review may evaluate the sources and advise the reader on the most pertinent or relevant

Summary

Synthesis

LiteratureReview

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Differences between a good and a poor literature review

Good LiteratureReviewCritical

Synthetical review

Breath and depth

Clear and concise

Rigorous and consistentmethods

Poor LiteratureReviewJust a bibliography

Only descriptive

Narrow and shallow

Long and confusing

No structure

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Why to write a literature review

● Be critical - look at the literature (facts and views) that already exists in the area you are researching.

● It is not a shopping list of everything that exists, but a critical analysis that shows an evaluation of the existing literature and a relationship between the different works.

● It demonstrates the relevance of the research.

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Stages of a literature review

1. Define the problem2. Carry out search

for relevant materials

3. Evaluate the materials

4. Analyse the findings

Findings

Evaluation

Relevant Material

Problem

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1. Define the problem

● Define the problem or area which you wish to address.

● What is the purpose for your literature review?

● Narrow your topic● There are hundreds or even thousands of articles and

books on most areas of study. The narrower your topic, the easier it will be to limit the number of sources you need to read in order to get a good survey of the material.

● A literature review is organized around ideas, not the sources themselves as an annotated bibliography would be organized. This means that you will not just simply list your sources and go into detail about each one of them, one at a time.

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2. Carry out search for relevant materials

● What types of sources

● Relevant materials will probably comprise a range of media● Books, journal articles, theses, reports etc.

● The best place to start the search is your own university library, ask the staff

● Start by looking at the library's OPAC (online public access catalogue) which is a database of their resources.

● You could also look at Google Scholar

● Keywords are a good search strategy

● Try to use specific rather than general key words and phrases

● The Internet – via search engines, metasearch engines, subject gateways and directories – has become a hugely popular place to search, but there are also huge pitfalls

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The importance of the right keywords

● AuthorWhat are the author's credentials, are they an expert in the field? Are they affiliated to a reputable organization?

● Date of PublicationWhat is the date of publication, is it sufficiently current or will knowledge have moved on?

● Edition or revisionIf a book, is it the latest edition?

● PublisherIs the publisher a reputable, scholarly publisher?

● Title of journalIf it is a journal, is it a scholarly journal which has been peer reviewed?

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3. Evaluate the material – Initial appraisal

Critical Thinking!

● Is the writer addressing a scholarly audience? ● Does the author review the relevant literature? ● Does the author write from an objective viewpoint, and are their

views based on facts rather than opinions? ● If the author uses research, is the design sound? ● Is it primary or secondary material? ● Does the author have a particular theoretical viewpoint, e.g.

feminist? ● What is the relationship of this work to other material you have read

on the same topic, does it substantiate it or add a different perspective?

● Is the author's argument logically organized and clear to follow? ● If the author is writing from a practice-based perspective, what are

the implications for practice? 39

Evaluate the material – Contentanalysis

● As you read widely but selectively in your topic area, consider instead what themes or issues connect your sources together.

● Do they present one or different solutions?

● Is there an aspect of the field that is missing?

● How well do they present the material and do they portray it according to an appropriate theory?

● Do they reveal a trend in the field?

● A raging debate?

● Pick one of these themes to focus the organization of your review

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4. Analyse the findings

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What to do before startingwriting the literature review

● Consider organization

● You've got a focus, and you've narrowed it down to a thesis statement.

● Now what is the most effective way of presenting the information?

● What are the most important topics, subtopics, etc., that your review needs to include?

● And in what order should you present them?

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Organizing a literature review

● Introduction: Gives a quick idea of the topic of the literature review, such as the central theme or organizational pattern.

● Method: Gives an overview of the method applied, i.e. what keywords used, what databases used, etc.

● Body: Contains your discussion of sources and is organized either chronologically, thematically, or methodologically (see below for more information on each).

● Conclusions/Recommendations: Discuss what you have drawn from reviewing literature so far. Where might the discussion proceed?

● Organizing the body

● Once you have the basic categories in place, then you must consider how you will present the sources themselves within the body of your paper. Create an organizational method to focus this section even further.

● To help you come up with an overall organizational framework for your review, consider the six typical ways of organizing the sources into a review:

– Chronological – By publication– By trend– Thematic– Methodological– Questions for Further Research

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Organizing a literature review

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To remember

● Layout● Make your literature review have an academic and professional

appearance. Here are some points to make the look of your report appealing to the reader

● White space: leave space between sections, especially from the abstract. This gives an uncluttered effect.

● Headings/sub-headings: these help to separate ideas.

● Text boxes: you can use these for quotations or paraphrasing to separate them from the rest of your text. It is also pleasing to the eye.

● Graphics: centre your graphics, such as diagrams or tables, to have space around them. Try not to bury graphics in your text.

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To remember

● Language focus

● Create a balance between direct quotation (citation) and paraphrasing. Avoid too much direct quoting. The verb tense chosen depends on your emphasis:

● When you are citing a specific author's findings, use the past tense: (found, demonstrated);

● When you are writing about an accepted fact, use the present tense: (demonstrates, finds); and

● When you are citing several authors or making a general statement, use the present perfect tense: (have shown, have found, little research has been done).

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Final Checklist

● Have I fulfilled the purpose of the literature review? ● Is it written at a level appropriate to its audience? ● Are its facts correct? ● Is all the information included relevant? ● Are the layout and presentation easy on the eye? ● Is the language clear, concise and academic? ● Does the abstract summarise the entire review? ● Does the introduction adequately introduce the topic? ● Is the body organised logically? ● Does the conclusion interpret, analyse and evaluate? ● Are the recommendations reasonable? ● Does the table of contents correspond with the actual contents? Are page numbers correct? ● Have I acknowledged all sources of information through correct referencing? ● Have I checked spelling, grammar and punctuation? ● Have I carefully proof-read the final draft?

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Topics for Literature Review

Manufacturing Strategy

ProductionDevelopment

Simulation

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Important Dates

Be aware of that the supervision times are devided according to the topic you are assigned to● Literature Review 1 September 11, 2015

● Literature Review 2 September 25, 2015

● Literature Review 3 October 9, 2015

● Individual Presentation October 23, 2015

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Topic: Manufacturing Strategy● Alice● Fredrik● Martin● Shilpa● Camilla

Articles to read: ● C. A. Voss, "Alternative paradigms for manufacturing strategy,"

International Journal of Operations & Production Management, vol. 25, pp. 1211-1222, 2005.

● S. C. Wheelwright, "Manufacturing strategy: defining the missing link," Strategic management journal, vol. 5, pp. 77-91, 1984.

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Topic: Production System Development

● Asier● Dennis● Julia● Pia● Bent

Articles to read: ● J. Frishammar, M. Kurkkio, L. Abrahamsson, and U. Lichtenthaler,

"Antecedents and Consequences of Firms' Process Innovation Capability: A Literature Review and a Conceptual Framework," IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, vol. 59, pp. 519-529, 2012.

● T. Engström, D. Jonsson, and L. Medbo, "The Volvo Uddevalla plant and interpretations of industrial design processes," Integrated Manufacturing Systems, vol. 9, pp. 279-295, 1998.

● Diana● Isabella● Kristina● Avin● Sahel

Articles to read: ● R. El-Khalil, "Simulation analysis for managing and improving

productivity: A case study of an automotive company," Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, vol. 26, pp. 36-56, 2015.

● M. Jahangirian, T. Eldabi, A. Naseer, L. K. Stergioulas, and T. Young, "Simulation in manufacturing and business: A review," European Journal of Operational Research, vol. 203, pp. 1-13, 2010.

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Topic: Simulation

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Individual Assignment

Any Questions?

Let us take an example

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Industrial excellence

Productionsystem design

Productionsystem

operations

Experience, knowledge, data

Decisions, plans, guidelines

Competences, Tools

MethodsProcesses

Competences, ToolsMethodsProcesses

(Wiktorsson, 2012)

● Manufacturing strategy guides long term development of manufacturing

● Production development realizes the manufacturing strategy

● Simulation as a tool applied in production system development

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Manufacturing Strategy

ProductionDevelopment

Simulation

KPP319 – Industrial ExcellenceCourse Approach

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KPP319 – Industrial Excellence

If in need, call out for help!!

Jessica.bruch@mdh.se016 15 32 19