Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti...
Transcript of Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti...
![Page 1: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Kost
![Page 2: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Vezivna tkiva
• Osnovna
– rastresito
–gusto
• regularno
• iregularno
• Specijalizovana
–masno
–hrskavica
–kost
–krv
![Page 3: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Koštano tkivo
Ćelije Matriks
• Osteoblasti
• Osteociti
• Osteoklasti
• Organski deo (osteoid – kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca)
• Neorganski deo (soli kalcijum-fosfata)
![Page 4: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Brušena kost
![Page 5: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Dekalcifikovana kost
![Page 6: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Funkcija
• Formira skelet – potpora i kretanje
• Zaštita – lobanja, grudni koš...
• Metabolička – 99% kalcijuma
![Page 7: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
KompaktaSpongioza
![Page 8: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Kortikalna kost(kompakta)
Trabekularna kost(spongioza)
![Page 9: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Normalni izgled5. decenija
života
8. decenijaživota
![Page 11: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Slabljenje spongioze - frakture
1 Spongiozne kosti – kičmeni pršljenovi
2 Spongiozni deo kosti gde se koncentriše sila
poluge
kompresiona fraktura
“Kuk” – vrat
butne kosti
“Ručje” -
radius
pad na ruku
![Page 12: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Kost
• Primarna (fibrozna)
• Sekundarna (lamelarna)
• Koštane lamele 3-7 mm
![Page 13: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Kost
H/E
F
L
![Page 14: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Haversov sistem lamela
Spoljašnji
cirkumferentni
sistem lamela
Unutrašnji
cirkumferentni
sistem lamela
Haversov kanal
Volkmanov
kanal
Periost
Krvni
sud
![Page 16: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Osteon
![Page 17: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Haversov
kanal
Lamele Lakuna Cement
Osteociti Citoplazmatski produžeci
![Page 18: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
trabekule
k. srž
H/E
![Page 20: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Spongioza
adipociti
Lamele
osteocit u
lakuni
kalcifikovan
matriks hrskavice
![Page 21: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Ćelije
• Osteoprogenitori
• Osteoblasti
• Osteociti
• Osteoklasti
![Page 24: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Eksktracelularni matriks
• Neorganski deo – 65%
– kristali kalcijum hidroksiapatita
– Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2
• Organski deo (osteoid) – 35%
– 90% kolagen (tip I)
– 10% nekolageni proteini (osteokalcin, osteonektin, osteopontin, k. sijaloprotein), proteoglikani...
![Page 25: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Ćelije
• Osteoprogenitori
• Osteoblasti
• Osteociti
• Monociti
• Osteoklasti
![Page 26: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Osteocitni prekurzori
Osteoblasti
Osteoid
Mineralizovanimatriks
Osteocitni produžeci
Osteociti
![Page 27: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Osteoblasti
![Page 29: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Osteoblasti
![Page 30: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Osteociti
![Page 31: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Haversov
kanal
Lamele Lakuna Cement
Osteociti Citoplazmatski produžeci
![Page 32: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Osteocit
![Page 33: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Osteocit
![Page 34: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
alkalna fosfataza
vitamin D3
PTH receptor
receptor IGF-1
Osteoblasti - osteociti
kolagen tipa I
nekolageni proteini• osteokalcin• osteonektin• osteopontin• koštani sijaloprotein• osteoprotegerin• MCSF• proteoglikane• ....
![Page 35: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Osteoklasti • polinuklelusne ćelije (2-50 jedara)
• acidofilne• puno mitohondrija• svetla zona i
nabrana membrana• razgrađuju kost –
Howship-ove lakune• nastaju od
prekursora iz kostne srži
![Page 36: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Osteoklasti
H/E
![Page 37: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Osteoklasti
![Page 38: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Kost
Osteoklast
![Page 39: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
CO2+H2O
H+
HCO3
-
Cl-
aktin
Osteoklast
![Page 40: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Osteogeneza
• Direktna osifikacija (intramembranska)
• Indirektna osifikacija (endohondralna)
![Page 41: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
INTRAMEMBRANSKA OSTEOGENEZA
Mezenhim
Diferencijacija
Osteoblasti
Kondenzacija
Stvaranje osteoida
Osteociti i mineralizacija
![Page 42: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
![Page 43: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Indirektna osifikacija (endohondralna)
Hijalina hrskavica
Hipertrofičnihondrociti
Kalcifikacija matriksa i smrt hondrocita
osteoblasti
osteoklasti
kapilari
matriksne vezikule
kolagen tipa X
alkalna fosfatazapirofosfatazaaneksini
![Page 44: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Indirektna osifikacija (endohondralna)
![Page 45: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
![Page 46: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Epifizna ploča
![Page 47: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
ZM ZP ZH ZO
![Page 48: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
kalcifikovan matriks
osteoblastiosteociti
![Page 49: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
![Page 50: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Oblikovanje kosti
• Rast - apozicija
• Modelacija
• Remodelacija
![Page 51: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Modelacija
Formiranje + Resorpcija
---
---
++
+
+++
![Page 52: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Kompakcija
![Page 53: Kost - Почетна · Koštano tkivo Ćelije Matriks •Osteoblasti •Osteociti •Osteoklasti •Organski deo (osteoid –kol.vl.+ osnovna supstanca) •Neorganski deo (soli](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013018/5c6dbff609d3f2d9358c080c/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Kost
H/E
F
L