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Korea's Experience on Human Resources Role in the Community Development Seong Min Hong, Ph.D. RIES Prepared for the International Scientific Conference on Human Capital in Kazakhstan: Status and Growth Prospects, on February 22, 2013 in Astana, Kazakhstan.

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Source: The National Council of Saemaul Undong Movement in Korea

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1. Introduction 2. Saemaul Undong (SMU) as a Community Development Movement 3. The Role of Human Resources in the New Village Movement 4. The Mental Reform and Human Resources in Korean Community Development 5. Concluding remarks

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2.1 Situation of Korean Economy in 1960s Korea's Major Economic Indicators over the Past Five Decades

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Source: Nkumu Frey-Lungula, Saemaul Undong in Korea

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ValuesDescription Diligence (Pioneering Spirit) Sincerity The early bird catches the worm Diligence Sincerity Pioneer spirit Self-Help (Ownership Spirit) Defines ones fate based on ones effort Heaven helps those who help themselves Master fate sense of responsibility, become independent sense of ownership Cooperation (Community Sprit) Pursuit for community growth Two heads are better than one 1+1 = 2+efficiency, unity cooperation Source: Nkumu Frey-Lungula, Saemaul Undong in Korea

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Source: The National Council of Saemaul Undong Movement in Korea

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Source: Jeong Gap Jin, Saemaul Undong Central Training Center. Development by Stage

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Source: Change Soo Choe, 2005, Key Factors to Successful Community Developments.

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Source: The National Council of Saemaul Undong Movement in Korea

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Key Factors to Success

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Note: Korea's trade volume (right axis) and per capita GDP (left axis) are both given in current U.S. dollars. Source: KDI. 2011. From Despair to Hope Economic Policymaking in Korea 1945-1979

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The Priority of Mental Reform in SMU Build a Wealthy Village = Physical and Mental Wealth Change in farmers traditional way of thinking We can do it! We will do it! We must do it! It is the basic spirit of Saemaul. How can we do it when nobody can help us and every one of us is in desperate ? Let us united and do it with "Diligence, Self-help, and Cooperation", the three doctrine of Saemaul Undong Change in attitude & lifestyle based on Mental Reform Passive Negative Thinking Active Positive Thinking

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Source: The National Council of Saemaul Undong Movement in Korea

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Toward the end of the 1980s, sweeping changes were made in Korea, and d emocracy was enhanced as a result. This in turn brought about an explosive growth of non-governmental, nonpolitical, and non-profit civil movements, thu s dictating the need for SMU to advance its mechanism and structures as wel l.

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Source: The National Council of Saemaul Undong Movement in Korea

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The Saemaul Movement has been accepted by the United Nations as one of the efficient rural development models in the world. Between 1970 and 2011, some 53,000 public officials and village leaders fro m 129 nations visited Korea to learn about Saemaul Undong. Archival materi als included in this nomination have been used to inform programs emulatin g the movement in 157 villages in 18 countries. The most important lesson learned from SMU is that it devised appropriate s trategies and measures reflecting and making use of the specific political, ec onomic and social contexts. Developing countries should carefully study thei r own situation and devise workable and practical solutions of their own.

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Thank You! ! Teekkrler!