Knowledge Society : Challenges and Opportunities for Economic and Territorial Development
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Transcript of Knowledge Society : Challenges and Opportunities for Economic and Territorial Development
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Knowledge Society: Challenges and Opportuni8es for Economic and
Territorial Development Role of Higher Educa8on and Research Ins8tu8ons
Isam SHAHROUR Vice President “Research and Valoriza:on”
University of Science and Technology of Lille, France
Yousif A. Sayigh Development Lecture 2011
Pales8ne Economic Policy Research Ins8tute (MAS), Ramallah, Pales8ne, December 20, 2011
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Ageing
Unemployment
Energy Crisis
Financial Crisis
Environment Clima8c Change Health care
Security
Advanced Economy Crises
and ….
Transport, Conges8on
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Ageing
Unemployment
Energy Crisis
Financial Crisis
Health
Security
Developing countries Crises
Corrup8on Educa8on and Higher Educa8on
Poli8cal stability and,…
Transport, Conges8on
Environment Clima8c Change
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What can we do ? Which Solu8on ?
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The Knowledge society ?
With globaliza,on and the technological revolu,on, knowledge : -‐ has become the key driver of compe88veness -‐ is profoundly reshaping the pa=erns of economic growth and ac8vity.
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Q1 : What are the main social and economic challenges ?
Q2 : Could the Knowledge society be a per,nent response?
Q3 : Which Strategies are proposed for a knowledge-‐based
society ?
Q4 : What is the role of the university ?
Q5 : What can we do ?
5 ques8ons
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Q1 : What are the main social and economic challenges ? Q2 : Could the Knowledge society be a per,nent response? Q3 : Which Strategies are proposed for the development of a knowledge-‐based society ? Q4 : What is the role of the university ? Q5 : What can we do ?
5 ques8ons
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Energy crisis High consump,on (transport, industry, domes,c, ) But with limited resources
Organiza8on for Economic Co-‐opera8on and Development
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Energy crisis : Security
Blackout: • Italy 2003, 55 Million • Indonesia 2005, 100 Million
Black out, United States, 2003 50 Million people
24 hours for full recovery Economic Cost : $6 to $10 billion
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Energy crisis Impact on the environment : Co2, Clima,c Change, global warming,..
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Nuclear power, the great challenge Ra8o of Nuclear Power in Electricity genera8on (%)
France Germany
Fukushima Disaster
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Globaliza8on, the free market economy
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Industrial and service Reloca8on
Irvington, New Jersey
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Labor costs : operator Hour
25$
1 $
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Environmental challenges Industrial pollu,on
In France, Sites concerned
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air pollu8on in Europe : Cost up to € 170 billion in 2009
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Agriculture pollu8on
75% > admissible limit
Pes8cide Concentra8on in water resources (France)
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Financial crisis
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Unemployment Consequences on • Economy • Social cohesion • prosperity • Poli,cal stability
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Unemployment rate in Europe (2011)
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Unemployment rate in France 2011
> 16%
< 2%
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Popula8on ageing
• Re8rement funding • Health and social care • Customized services
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Popula8on ageing Dependency Ra8os
10%
28%
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Dependency Ra,os Popula8on ageing
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Q1 : What are the main social and economic challenges ? Q2 : Could the Knowledge society be a per,nent response? Q3 : Which Strategies are proposed for the development of a knowledge-‐based society ? Q4 : What is the role of the university ? Q5 : What can we do ?
2nd ques8on
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The Knowledge society
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Knowledge versus Informa8on
Knowledge Informa8on Sharing
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Time to double the interna8onal “knowledge”
Period Time Period 1 1 750 years
Period 2 150 years Period 3 50 years Now 5 years By 2020 73 days
Knowledge produc8on, faster and faster
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Knowledge increase
Increase in patent applica8on
During the last 20 years : increase from 100 000 to 500 000
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Example, advances in Genome screening
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Genome screening cost 2001
100 Million $
2007 10 Million $
2011 20 000 $
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Capacity to deal with
Knowledge
Time
Less advanced
More Advanced
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Informa8on and communica8on technology (ITC) Revolu8on: Connected world
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ICT Revolu8on: Connected people
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Connected people
July 2010 500 million
October 07 50 million
Now : 800 million
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Knowledge Impact on the Economy
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Between 70 and 80% of the economic growth is due to new and be=er Knowledge
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Innova,on : • New ideas to do things be=er or faster. • New products or new services • New skilled working force
Knowledge economy is based on innova8on
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Focused on young well-‐educated workers Young are innova,ve : they do not know the limits of their knowledge and skills, therefore they exceed them.
Knowledge economy is based on innova8on
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Knowledge and technology in produc8on TV Industry
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Knowledge and technology in the city
² Intelligent sensors ² Communica,on technology ² Real ,me monitoring ² Ac,ve control
Stokcholm Rio de Janeiro
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Q1 : What are the main social and economic challenges ? Q2 : Could the Knowledge society be a per,nent response? Q3 : Which Strategies are proposed for the development of a knowledge-‐based society ? Q4 : What is the role of the university ? Q5 : What can we do ?
3rd ques8on
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To overcome social and economic challenges: Strategies at various levels:
² Europe ² Country ² Region ² Metropolis
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The European Strategy (Lisbon 2000-‐2010)
European Strategy
Framework Programs for Research and Development
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FP7, 50 Billion €
FP5 15 : Billion €
FP2 : 5 Billion €
FP8, 80 Billion (??)
FP1 : 3 Billion €
European Framework Programs for Research and Development
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About Euro 350 billion (36% of the EU budget)
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The European Strategy (Lisbon 2000-‐2010) : Make the European Union : -‐ “The most compe,,ve and dynamic knowledge-‐
based economy in the world -‐ Capable of sustaining growth with more and
be=er jobs and greater social cohesion”
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European Strategy (By 2020)
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-‐ Compe,,veness Clusters (2005) -‐ Na,onal Strategy for Research and Innova,on (2009) -‐ Program « Investment for Future » (2010)
Na,onal Strategy, France
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Competitiveness Clusters (2005)
Public – private partnership : Crea,on of industrial & economic compe,,ve clusters
Industry, Companies
Higher Education & Research
State
Local Authorities
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Reinforce the economic compe88veness through :
Ø Innova,on
Ø Support to high technology Industrial ac,vity
Ø Interna,onaliza,on
Ø A=rac,veness
71 Compe88veness Clusters
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Na8onal Strategy for Research and Innova8on (2009)
Na8onal Priori8es: Aler a large regional and na8onal discussion involving academic, industrial, local authori8es, end-‐users,.
Ø Health, food and biotechnologies Ø Environment and eco-‐technologies Ø Informa8on, communica8on Ø Nanotechnology
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“Investment for the Future” (32 billion €)
University Ø Excellence in research Ø Excellence in Higher Educa,on Ø Excellence in technology transfer
University – Industry partnership Ø Excellence Research and Technology Ø Excellence in decarbonized energy Ø Excellence in Health and
Biotechnology
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Q1 : What are the main social and economic challenges ? Q2 : Could the Knowledge society be a per,nent response? Q3 : Which Strategies are proposed for the development of a knowledge-‐based society ? Q4 : What is the role of the university ? Q5 : What can we do ?
4th ques8on
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The University : Role and expectations
Organisa,on for Economic Co-‐opera,on and Development
(OECD)
• Training of human capital (primarily through teaching). • Crea,on of knowledge bases (mainly through research). • Dissemina,on of knowledge (primarily through interac5on
with users of knowledge). • Knowledge conserva,on (storage and intergenera5onal
transmission of knowledge).
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For a per8nent role in the knowledge-‐based economy, the university should:
1) Develop a new academic and governance culture : Quality, evalua,on, interna,onal openness, social accountability
2) Adapt the educa,on model : more skilled people, skills should be updated regularly (long-‐life learning), Priority for female par,cipa,on in higher educa,on.
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3) Adapt the research approach : knowledge produc,on in the context of applica,ons : -‐ Problem solving approach -‐ Based on large mul,disciplinary interac,on
Difficulty: Different from the academic community approach (more fundamental and disciplinary)
For a per8nent role, the university should :
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• Europe : Excellence, economic development • State : Excellence, students professional enrollment,
economic development • Local Authori8es : Economic and social development • Private sector : Capacity to deal with industrial issues • Students : Excellence, professional enrollment, campus life
quality
Challenges for the university : Funding, compe88veness
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Q1 : What are the main social and economic challenges ? Q2 : Could the Knowledge society be a per,nent response? Q3 : Which Strategies are proposed for the development of a knowledge-‐based society ? Q4 : What is the role of the university ? Q5 : What can we do ?
5th ques8on
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The Korean Example South Korea one of the Asian Tigers
Technology Valley, Seoul
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Researcher per Million Inhabitants
Germany
Korea
The Korean Example
500
1980
2500
1997
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² Knowledge, ² Innova8on ² Social responsibility
Are the pillars of : ² Economic development and ² Social prosperity
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Capacity to deal with
Interna8onal Knowledge
Time
?
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We should focus on quality culture, innova8on and evalua8on in: • Educa,on & Higher Educa,on • Public – Private partnership • Use of informa,on and Communica,on Technology
in industry and services • Economic Clustering (State/Local authori,es/industry/
university)
Poli8cal and social will
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Construc8on of the Knowledge Society should be -‐ the priority for both public and private funding -‐ enhanced by regional and Interna,onal coopera,on
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Great Opportunity The Diaspora and the Diaspora Network