ه وعمل صالحا وقال ومن أحسن قوال ممن دعا إلى اللني من المسلمين إن

Who is better in speech than one who calls (men) to Allah, works righteousness, and says, "I am of those who bow in Islam“ 41:33

Initially this work was done by Prophets of Allah (SWT) and then by their true followers.

Now, this responsibility falls on the shoulders of the followers of Prophet Mohammad (SAW) till the Day of Judgment.

To call the people to Al Islam, the straight path shown by Allah (SWT)

To convince them to change their lives in accordance with its commands.

Forbid the evil.

A small number may respond positively and join the struggle

A large number of people may show indifference

Religious, political and economic establishment may feel threatened by the struggle and may oppose by different tactics

ك لعلى خلق عظيم وإن And you are on an exalted standard of

character. 68:04

ر أولو ما يتذك ذين ال يعلمون إن ذين يعلمون وال قل هل يستوي الاأللباب

Say: "Are those equal, those who know and those who do not know? It is those who are endued with understanding that receive admonition. (Zumur:9)

بعني ه على بصيرة أنا ومن ات قل هذه سبيلي أدعو إلى الله وما أنا من المشركين وسبحان الل

Say thou: "This is my way: I do invite unto Allah,- on evidence clear as the seeing with one's eyes,- I and whoever follows me. Glory to Allah! and never will I join gods with Allah!“

Yusuf, 12: 108

كذلك أوحينا إليك روحا من أمرنا ما كنت تدري ما الكتاب وال وك اإليمان ولكن جعلناه نورا نهدي به من نشاء من عبادنا وإن لتهدي إلى صراط مستقيم

And thus have We, by Our Command, sent inspiration to you: you knew not (before) what was Revelation, and what was Faith; but We have made the (Qur'an) a Light, wherewith We guide such of Our servants as We will; and verily you do guide (men) to the Straight Way. Shura, 42:52

اس أومن كان ميتا فأحييناه وجعلنا له نورا يمشي به في النن للكافرين كمن مثله في الظلمات ليس بخارج منها كذلك زي

ما كانوا يعملون Can he who was dead, to whom We gave life, and

a light whereby he can walk amongst men, be like him who is in the depths of darkness, from which he can never come out? Thus to those without faith their own deeds seem pleasing. Anaam:6,122

1- Daiyah should memorize the Quran- If he can not memorize whole Quran, he must memorize substantial part of it.

2- Learn to recite with proper Tajweed3- Quran should be read with proper

understanding and Tadabbur ( pondering).4- Quran’s recitation should influence his

inner feelings . He should feel happy with the ayah of good news and cry while reading warnings.

ماوات ر في الس ذي يعلم الس قل أنزله اله كان غفورا رحيما واألرض إن

Say: "The (Qur'an) was sent down by Him who knows the mystery (that is) in the heavens and the earth: verily He is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.“ Furqan 25:6

ك صدقا وعدال ال مبدل لكلماته وهو . وتمت كلمة ربميع العليم الس

The word of thy Lord doth find its fulfillment in truth and in justice: None can change His words: for He is the one who hears and knows all. Anaam, 6: 115

رنا القرآن للذكر فهل من مدكر ولقد يس And We have indeed made the Qur'an easy to

understand and remember: then is there any that will receive admonition? Qamar, 54:17

رون هم يتذك رناه بلسانك لعل ما يس فإن Verily, We have made this (Qur'an) easy, in thy

tongue, in order that they may give heed. Dukhan,44:58

A- Challenge to produce a book like Quran.

قل لئن اجتمعت اإلنس والجن على أن يأتوا بمثل هذاالقرآن ال يأتون بمثله ولو كان بعضهم لبعض ظهيرا

Say: "If the whole of mankind and Jins were to gather together to produce the like of this Qur'an, they could not produce the like thereof, even if they backed up each other with help and support. Al Isra, 17:88

Prophet (SAW) said, “ Prophets before me were given some miracle and people believed upon him seeing it. I have been given this revelation (Quran) which is revealed to me ( which will remain till the day of Judgment) So I hope that my followers will be more in numbers than all of them on the day of Judgment. “ Bukhari.

A- Unique style of expression;

BalaghaNazam or relation of words and subjectsStyleProseVocabulary

Ijazul Quran by RafiAt Tasweerul Fanni Fil Quran by Syed Qutb Mushahidul Qiyama Fil Quran by Syed QutbBalaghatul Quran by Dr. BadawiAn Naba-ul Azeem by Dr. DaraazNazraat Jadeeda Fil Quran by Dr. DaraazSuwar Adabeyyah Minal Quran by M MubarakAt Tafseer Bayani Lil Quran by Bintal Shati

Quran has treasures of wisdom, guidance and best advice

It contains material for man’s intellectual and practical training.

Its subject is relevant to individuals, families, societies, states and international community.

Al Wahi Al Mohammadi by Syed Rashid RazaShariatul Quran Daleel Alaa Annahu Min

Indillah by Sheikh Mohammad Abu ZuhraAl Qitaal Wal Quran by Sheikh ShaltootAl Quran Wal Mar’aa by Sheikh ShaltootAl Insaan Fi Quran Al Kareem by AqaadAl Mar’a Fi Quran Al Kareem by AqaadDastoorul Akhlaq Fil Quran by Dr.DaraazAl Dastoorul Qurani by M Arab Darooza

Many ayahs refer to factual data which is proven to be true by modern scientific studies

At the time of Quran’s revelation such facts were not known.

These facts about the universe could only be known to the Creator

However, the data is presented with such wisdom that the people of all ages could understand its message

Sheikh TantawiMohammad Ahmad Al GhamrawiMohammad Jamaluddin Al FandiMohammad Abdul Razzaq NofilBible Quran and Science by Dr. Maurice Bucaile

Quran is not limited for a certain time, people, race or nationality.

Its guidance is for all the people and for all times to come.

No part of it gets obsolete or irrelevant with the passage of time.

Allah (SWT) has declared His responsibility to protect it from any tempering for all the times to come.

ا له لحافظون لنا الذكر وإن ا نحن نز إن We have, without doubt, sent down the Message; and We

will assuredly guard it (from corruption). Al Hijr, 15:9

ه لكتاب عزيز ذين كفروا بالذكر لما جاءهم وإن إن الThose who reject the Message when it comes to them (are not

hidden from Us). And indeed it is a Book of exalted power. Fussilat,41:41

ال يأتيه الباطل من بين يديه وال من خلفه تنزيل من حكيم حميد No falsehood can approach it from before or behind it: It is

sent down by One Full of Wisdom, Worthy of all Praise.Fussilat,41:42

A- Complete guidance for all aspects of life

لنا عليك الكتاب تبيانا لكل شيء وهدى . ونزورحمة وبشرى للمسلمين

We have sent down to thee the Book explaining all things, a Guide, a Mercy, and Glad Tidings to Muslims. Nahal, 16:89

إن هو إال ذكر للعالمين Verily this is no less than a Message to (all) the Worlds: Takweer, 81:27

It addresses intellect, spirit, conscience and emotions

ك الكريم ك برب ها اإلنسان ما غر يا أي O man! What has seduced thee from thy Lord Most

Beneficent?- 82:6

ذي خلقك فسواك فعدلك ال Him Who created thee. Fashioned thee in due

proportion, and gave thee a just bias;82:7

بك في أي صورة ما شاء ركIn whatever Form He wills, does He put thee together.

82:8

a- It satisfies those who look at things in more rational way, e.g.,

Words like “Ya’qaloon” and “ Ta’qaloon” are used at 58 places in Quran

Fikr and related words are used 17 times Albaab (Pleural of Lub) meaning intellect is used

at 16 places.Quran uses the words related to evidence and

intellect like “Nazar”, “Itebaar”, “tadabbar”, “hujjat”, “burhaan”, “Nuhaa (Pleural of Nahea)”.

Story of Musa (AA) and Khidar (AA) is one example of spiritual world Quran presents.

مناه من فوجدا عبدا من عبادنا آتيناه رحمة من عندنا وعل

ا علما لدن So they found one of Our servants, on whom

We had bestowed Mercy from Ourselves and whom We had taught knowledge from Our own Presence. Al-Kahf 18:65

كم . كم وافعلوا الخير لعل ذين آمنوا اركعوا واسجدوا واعبدوا رب ها ال يا أيتفلحون

O ye who believe! bow down, prostrate yourselves, and adore your Lord; and do good; that ye may prosper. Hajj, 22:77

ولتكن منكم أمة يدعون إلى الخير ويأمرون بالمعروف وينهون عن المنكر وأولئك هم المفلحون

Let there arise out of you a band of people inviting to all that is good, enjoining what is right, and forbidding what is wrong: They are the ones to attain felicity

اظرين اها للن ن ماء بروجا وزي ولقد جعلنا في الس It is We Who have set out the zodiacal signs in

the heavens, and made them fair-seeming to (all) beholders; Hijr 15:16

ه خبير بما تفعلون ذي أتقن كل شيء إن ه ال صنع الل (such is) the artistry of Allah, who disposes of all

things in perfect order: for he is well acquainted with all that ye do. Namal, 27:88

A- Searching and arranging ayahs according to the subjects.

One should select a personal note book or lap top where one can write different subjects and gather and arrange the following :

Relevant words and ayahs of Quran Relevant statements and references in

different parts of Quran. We will describe Ilm & Quran in the following

to elucidate this point

1- People of Ilm will be with angels: ه ال إله إال هو والمالئكة وأولو العلم قائما بالقسط ه أن شهد الل

ال إله إال هو العزيز الحكيم There is no god but He: That is the witness of

Allah, His angels, and those endued with knowledge, standing firm on justice. There is no god but He, the Exalted in Power, the Wise.

Ale Imran, 3:18

يل ساجدا وقائما يحذر اآلخرة ويرجو رحمة . أمن هو قانت آناء اللر ما يتذك ذين ال يعلمون إن ذين يعلمون وال ه قل هل يستوي ال رب

أولو األلباب Is one who worships devoutly during the hour of

the night prostrating himself or standing (in adoration), who takes heed of the Hereafter, and who places his hope in the Mercy of his Lord - (like one who does not)? Say: "Are those equal, those who know and those who do not know? It is those who are endued with understanding that receive admonition. (Zumar, 39:9)

ذين سول وإلى أولي األمر منهم لعلمه ال ولو ردوه إلى الربعتم ه عليكم ورحمته الت يستنبطونه منهم ولوال فضل الل

يطان إال قليال الش If they had only referred it to the Messenger,

or to those charged with authority among them, the proper investigators would have Tested it from them (direct). Were it not for the Grace and Mercy of Allah unto you, all but a few of you would have fallen into the clutches of Satan. ( Nisa, 4:83)

ي وما أوتيتم من وح من أمر رب وح قل الر ويسألونك عن الرالعلم إال قليال

They ask thee concerning the Spirit (of inspiration). Say: "The Spirit (cometh) by command of my Lord: of knowledge it is only a little that is communicated to you, (O men!)"

Isra,17:85

ا علما مناه من لدن فوجدا عبدا من عبادنا آتيناه رحمة من عندنا وعل So they found one of Our servants, on whom We had

bestowed Mercy from Ourselves and whom We had taught knowledge from Our own Presence.Kahf,18:65

مت رشدا من مما عل بعك على أن تعل قال له موسى هل أت018.066 Moses said to him: "May I follow thee, on the

footing that thou teach me something of the (Higher) Truth which thou hast been taught” Kahf,18:66

ى أبلغ مجمع وإذ قال موسى لفتاه ال أبرح حتالبحرين أو أمضي حقبا

Behold, Moses said to his attendant, "I will not give up until I reach the junction of the two seas or (until) I spend years and years in travel.“

Kahf, 18:60

Quran narrates stories in order to teach lessons and give advice.

لقد كان في قصصهم عبرة ألولي األلباب ما كان حديثا يفترى ذي بين يديه وتفصيل كل شيء وهدى ورحمة ولكن تصديق اللقوم يؤمنون

There is, in their stories, instruction for men endued with understanding. It is not a tale invented, but a confirmation of what went before it,- a detailed exposition of all things, and a guide and a mercy to any such as believe. Yusuf, 12:111

A- Story of Adam and angels- Baqarah,2:33 This story tells us that it was Ilm or superior

knowledge given to Adam(AS) that made him eligible for Khilafah upon this earth.

B- Story of Yusuf (AS)- Yusuf, 12:47. He solved the economic crisis in Egypt by his

superior knowledge and proper planning.

C- Story of Suleiman (AS) and Queen Bilquis- One person brought her throne in the time less than the

blinking of eye. This was due to the special knowledge given to him.

ذي عنده علم من الكتاب أنا آتيك به قبل أن يرتد إليك طرفك فلما رآه قال الي ليبلوني أأشكر أم أكفر ومن شكر ا عنده قال هذا من فضل رب مستقر

ي غني كريم ما يشكر لنفسه ومن كفر فإن رب فإن Said one who had knowledge of the Book: "I will bring it to

thee within the twinkling of an eye!" Then when (Solomon) saw it placed firmly before him, he said: "This is by the Grace of my Lord!- to test me whether I am grateful or ungrateful! and if any is grateful, truly his gratitude is (a gain) for his own soul; but if any is ungrateful, truly my Lord is Free of all Needs, Supreme in Honor !” Namal,27:40

King Zulqarnain constructed the defensive wall combining steel and copper due to the knowledge given by Allah (SWT)

ى إذا جعله . ى إذا ساوى بين الصدفين قال انفخوا حت آتوني زبر الحديد حتنارا قال آتوني أفرغ عليه قطرا

Bring me blocks of iron." At length, when he had filled up the space between the two steep mountain-sides, He said, "Blow (with your bellows)" Then, when he had made it (red) as fire, he said: "Bring me, that I may pour over it, molten lead.“ Kahf,18:96

فما اسطاعوا أن يظهروه وما استطاعوا له نقبا Thus were they made powerless to scale it or to dig through.Kahf,18:97

These were few young Muslims. Their Iman was so strong that they stood up against the

tyrant disbelievers and had no fear.

هم وزدناهم هم فتية آمنوا برب نحن نقص عليك نبأهم بالحق إنهدى

We relate to thee their story in truth: they were youths who believed in their Lord, and We advanced them in guidance: Kahf,18:13

When Asiyah became Muslimah, she had no fear of tyrant ruler Pharaoh.

ذين آمنوا امرأة فرعون إذ قالت رب ابن لي عندك . ه مثال لل وضرب اللة ونجني من فرعون وعمله ونجني من القوم الظالمين بيتا في الجن

And Allah sets forth, as an example to those who believe the wife of Pharaoh: Behold she said: "O my Lord! Build for me, in nearness to Thee, a mansion in the Garden, and save me from Pharaoh and his doings, and save me from those that do wrong"; Tahreem,66:11

When Pharaoh’s magicians saw the miracle of Musa(AS), the truth was evident to them. They became believers and did not fear the threat of Pharaoh’s severe punishment.

حرة ساجدين وألقي الس But the sorcerers fell down prostrate in adoration.Araaf,7:120

ا برب العالمين قالوا آمنSaying: "We believe in the Lord of the Worlds,- Araaf,7:121

ذي عنده علم من الكتاب أنا آتيك به قبل أن يرتد قال الي ا عنده قال هذا من فضل رب إليك طرفك فلما رآه مستقرما يشكر لنفسه ومن ليبلوني أأشكر أم أكفر ومن شكر فإن

ي غني كريم كفر فإن رب 0 Said one who had knowledge of the Book: "I will

bring it to thee within the twinkling of an eye!" Then when (Solomon) saw it placed firmly before him, he said: "This is by the Grace of my Lord!- to test me whether I am grateful or ungrateful! and if any is grateful, truly his gratitude is (a gain) for his own soul; but if any is ungrateful, truly my Lord is Free of all Needs, Supreme in Honor !“ Namal,27:40

He was a ruler of the greatest empire in human history.

He did not neglect to worship Allah (SWT)He looked after the needs of his peopleHe ruled with justice and fairnessHe paid the workers their duesHe punished the mischief makersHe constructed lofty structures for the good of

mankind.He asked Help of Allah (SWT) and then used his

abilities and workforce to accomplish his projects.

He suffered from diseases, deprivations and afflictions but he remained patient and content with the decisions of Allah (SWT)

ه أواب ا وجدناه صابرا نعم العبد إن " إن Truly We found him full of patience and

constancy. How excellent in Our service! ever did he turn (to Us)! Saad, 38:44

He was most handsome young man and a woman tried to seduce him. He runs away from it with the

fear of Allah (SWT)

قت األبواب وقالت هيت لك تي هو في بيتها عن نفسه وغل وراودته اله ال يفلح الظالمون ي أحسن مثواي إن ه رب ه إن قال معاذ الل

But she in whose house he was, sought to seduce him from his (true) self: she fastened the doors, and said: "Now come, thou (dear one)!" He said: "Allah forbid! truly (thy husband) is my lord! he made my sojourn agreeable! truly to no good come those who do wrong!“ Yusuf,12:23

He was young man who submitted to the command of Allah (SWT) and his father without hesitation.

ي أذبحك فانظر ي أرى في المنام أن عي قال يا بني إن فلyما بلغ معه السه من ماذا ترى قال يا أبت افعل ما تؤمر ستجدني إن شاء الل

الصابرين Then, when (the son) reached (the age of) (serious)

work with him, he said: "O my son! I see in vision that I offer thee in sacrifice: Now see what is thy view!" (The son) said: "O my father! Do as thou art commanded: thou will find me, if Allah so wills one practicing Patience and Constancy!“ Saffaat ,37:102

He hides his Iman initially. When it is time to declare it, he bravely exposes himself as a believer. He advises Pharaoh and his fellows with wisdom and excellent

reasoning.

جال أ�ن . �ت�ق�تلون� ر� ان�ه أ رع�ون� ي�كتم إ�يم� ن آل� ف� ن م� جل مؤم� ال� ر� ع�ل�يه� و�ق� إ�ن ي�ك ك�اذ�با ف� بكم و� ن ر� اء�كم ب�الب�ين�ات� م� د ج� بي� الله و�ق� بكم ب�عض الذ�ي ي�ع�دكم إ�ن اللي�قول� ر� اد�قا يص� إ�ن ي�ك ص� ه ال يهدي من هو ك�ذ�به و�مسرف كذاب

A believer, a man from among the people of Pharaoh, who had concealed his faith, said: "Will ye slay a man because he says, 'My Lord is Allah'?- when he has indeed come to you with Clear (Signs) from your Lord? and if he be a liar, on him is (the sin of) his lie: but, if he is telling the Truth, then will fall on you something of the (calamity) of which he warns you: Truly Allah guides not one who transgresses and lies. Ghafir,40: 28

ه الواحد القهار قون خير أم الل جن أأرباب متفر يا صاحبي الس “My two companions of the prison! (I ask you): are

many lords differing among themselves better, or the One Allah, Supreme and Irresistible?

ه بها ما تعبدون من دونه إال أسماء سميتموها أنتم وآباؤكم ما أنزل اللم اه ذلك الدين القي ه أمر أال تعبدوا إال إي من سلطان إن الحكم إال لل

اس ال يعلمون ولكن أكثر النIf not Him, ye worship nothing but names which ye

have named,- ye and your fathers,- for which Allah hath sent down no authority: the command is for none but Allah: He hath commanded that ye worship none but Him: that is the right religion, but most men understand not...Yusuf, 12:39-40

A young man who has become Muslim and his father is disbeliever. He gives Dawah to him

with love, concern and wisdom.. إذ قال ألبيه يا أبت لم تعبد ما ال يسمع وال يبصر وال يغني

عنك شيئا Behold, he said to his father: "O my father!

why worship that which hears not and sees not, and can profit you nothing? Maryam,19:42

وهي تجري بهم في موج كالجبال ونادى نوح ابنه وكان في معزل يا بني اركبمعنا وال تكن مع الكافرين

011.042 So the Ark floated with them on the waves (towering) like mountains, and Noah called out to his son, who had separated himself (from the rest): "O my son! embark with us, and be not with the unbelievers!"

ه إال من قال سآوي إلى جبل يعصمني من الماء قال ال عاصم اليوم من أمر اللرحم وحال بينهما الموج فكان من المغرقين

011.043 The son replied: "I will betake myself to some mountain: it will save me from the water." Noah said: "This day nothing can save, from the command of Allah, any but those on whom He hath mercy! "And the waves came between them, and the son was among those overwhelmed in the Flood. Hood, 42-43

She was wife of a tyrant king of Egypt who was oppressing those who accepted Islam. She was neither

intimidated by his riches nor threats and became sincere Muslimah.

ذين آمنوا امرأة فرعون إذ قالت رب ابن لي عندyك بيتا ه مثال لل وضرب اyللة ونجني من فرعون وعمله ونجني من القوم الظالمين في الجن

And Allah sets forth, as an example to those who believe the wife of Pharaoh: Behold she said: "O my Lord! Build for me, in nearness to Thee, a mansion in the Garden, and save me from Pharaoh and his doings, and save me from those that do wrong";Tahreem,66:11

ذين كفروا امرأة نوح وامرأة لوط كانتا تحت ه مثال لل ضرب اللعبدين من عبادنا صالحين فخانتاهما فلم يغنيا عنهما من الله

ار مع الداخلين شيئا وقيل ادخال الن Allah sets forth, for an example to the

Unbelievers, the wife of Noah and the wife of Lut: they were (respectively) under two of our righteous servants, but they were false to their (husbands), and they profited nothing before Allah on their account, but were told: "Enter ye the Fire along with (others) that enter.” 66:10

ه . ي أخافy الل لئن بسطتy إليy يدك لتقyتلنيy ما أنا بباسطy يدي إليكy ألقتلك إنرب العالمين

"If thou dost stretch thy hand against me, to slay me, it is not for me to stretch my hand against thee to slay thee: for I do fear Allah, the cherisher of the worlds.

ار وذلك جزاء يy أريد أن تبوء بإثميy وإثمكy فتكون من أصyحاب الن إنالظالمين

"For me, I intend to let thee draw on thyself my sin as well as thine, for thou wilt be among the companions of the fire, and that is the reward of those who do wrong.“

Maeda,5:28-29

He kills his brother for his desires and does not care about his religion, morals or brotherhood.

فطوعت له نفسه قتل أخيه فقتله فأصبح من الخاسرين005.030 The (selfish) soul of the other led

him to the murder of his brother: he murdered him, and became (himself) one of the lost one. Maeda, 6:30

ا . نه� تى ي�خرجو�ا م� ا ح� �نا ل�ن ن�دخل�ه� إ بار�ين� و� وما ج� ا ق� يه� ى إ�ن� ف� الوا ي�ا موس� ق�لون�� �نا د�اخ� إ ا ف� نه� إ�ن� ي�خرجوا م� ف�

They said: "O Moses! In this land are a people of exceeding strength: Never shall we enter it until they leave it: if (once) they leave, then shall we enter."

إ�ذ�ا م الب�اب� ف� ا ادخلوا ع�ل�يه� م�� �نع�م� الله ع�ل�يه� افون� أ جالن� م�ن� الذ�ين� ي�خ� ال� ر�� ق�ن�ين� ت�و�كلوا إ�ن كنتم مؤم� �نكم غ�ال�بون�� و�ع�ل�ى ا�لله� ف� إ لتمو�ه ف� د�خ�

But) among (their) Allah-fearing men were two on whom Allah had bestowed His grace: They said: "Assault them at the (proper) Gate: when once ye are in, victory will be yours; But on Allah put your trust if ye have faith."

ات�ال ق� بك� ف� �نت� و�ر� ب أ اذه� ا ف� يه� ا د�اموا ف� �ب�دا م� ا أ �نا ل�ن ن�دخ�ل�ه�� ى� إ الوا ي�ا موس� ق�اع�دون� ا هن�ا ق� �نا ه� إ

They said: "O Moses! while they remain there, never shall we be able to enter, to the end of time. Go thou, and thy Lord, and fight ye two, while we sit here (and watch)."

Maeda,5:22-24

تين ذواتي أكل تيهم جن فأعرضوا فأرسلنا عليهم سيل العرم وبدلناهم بجنخمط وأثل وشيء من سدر قليل

But they turned away (from Allah), and We sent against them the Flood (released) from the dams, and We converted their two garden (rows) into "gardens" producing bitter fruit, and tamarisks, and some few (stunted) Lote-trees.

ذلك جزيناهم بما كفروا وهل نجازي إال الكفور That was the Requital We gave them because they

ungratefully rejected Faith: and never do We give (such) requital except to such as are ungrateful rejecters. 34:16,17

Whenever a Daiyah makes a statement, he should present best evidence from Quran.

This will remove any doubt from minds.There is no better evidence than one from Quran.

كم إلى يوم القيامة ال ريب فيه ومن أصدق ه ال إله إال هو ليجمعن الله حديثا من الل

Allah! There is no god but He: of a surety He will gather you together against the Day of Judgment, about which there is no doubt. And whose word can be truer than Allah's? Nisa, 4:87

Argue in very soft and kind manner so the listener’s heart is softened and understands the reminder.

ر أو يخشى ه يتذك نا لعل فقوال له قوال لي. "But speak to him mildly; perchance he

may take warning or fear (Allah)."

Some people present this ayah to prove the comprehensive teachings of Quran:

ض وال طائر يطير بجناحيه إال أمم أمثالكم ماyة في األر وما من دابهم يحشروyن طنا في الكتاب من شيyء ثم إلىy رyب فر

There is not an animal (that lives) on the earth, nor a being that flies on its wings, but (forms part of) communities like you. Nothing have we omitted from the Book, and they (all) shall be gathered to their Lord in the end. An,am, 6:38

Here “Kitaab” perhaps means “Loh Mahfooz” In which Allah (SWT) has written the destiny of all His creations. Following ayahs explain it.

كان ذلك في الكتاب مسطوراsuch is the writing in the Decree (of Allah) Ahzaab, 33;6

وكل شيء أحصيناه في إمام مبينand of all things have We taken account in a

clear Book (of evidence). Yaseen, 36:12

. ويوم نبعث في كل أمة شهيدا عليهم من أنفسهم وجئنا بكلنا عليك الكتاب تبيانا لكل شيء وهدى شهيدا على هؤالء ونز

ورحمة وبشرى للمسلمين One day We shall raise from all Peoples a

witness against them, from amongst themselves: and We shall bring thee as a witness against these (thy people): and We have sent down to thee the Book explaining all things, a Guide, a Mercy, and Glad Tidings to Muslims. Nahal, 16:89

In order to prove that as a result of Taqwah, Allah (SWT) grants knowledge following part of ayah of loans is quoted

ه بكل شيء عليم ه والل مكم الل ه ويعل قوا الل وات

So fear Allah; For it is Allah that teaches you. And Allah is well acquainted with all things.

Baqarah, 2:282

ه يجعل لكم فرقانا ويكفر قوا الل ذين آمنوا إن تت ها ال يا أي ه ذو الفضل العظيم ئاتكم ويغفر لكم والل عنكم سي

O ye who believe! if ye fear Allah, He will grant you a criterion (to judge between right and wrong), remove from you (all) evil (that may afflict) you, and forgive you: for Allah is the Lord of grace unbounded. Anfaal, 8:29

ه وآمنوا برسوله يؤتكم كفلين من قوا الل ذين آمنوا ات ها ال يا أيه غفور رحيم رحمته ويجعل لكم نورا تمشون به ويغفر لكم والل

. O ye that believe! Fear Allah, and believe in His Messenger, and He will bestow on you a double portion of His Mercy: He will provide for you a Light by which ye shall walk (straight in your path), and He will forgive you (your past): for Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful. Hadid,57:28

Tahreef is of two types:A- Alteration of words or sentences- People of the Book engaged in this

alteration and were warned by Allah (SWT). Now, this can not be done with Quran since Allah (SWT) is protecting it.

B- Alteration in meaning- This is possible to alter the true

meaning of the ayahs

1- Stretch or alter the meaning to bring Islam’s ruling in accordance with secular prevalent rules.

Its clear example is “Riba” or interest based transactions and how people have tried to prove that it is permissible.

2- Some people follow a certain school or believe in certain idea and then search for evidence in Quran

in their favor. Ibn Sina and philosophers adopted this way. It was

refuted by Ghazali .

3- Isolate the ayahs concerning an issue and not take them together . Example:

قوا با أضعافا مضاعفة وات ذين آمنوا ال تأكلوا الر ها ال يا أيكم تفلحون ه لعل الل

O ye who believe! Devour not usury, doubled and multiplied; but fear Allah; that ye may (really) prosper. Ale Imran,3:130

ب�ا إ�ن ي� م�ن� الر ا ب�ق� ذ�روا م� نوا اتقوا الله� و� ا الذ�ين� آم� �يه� ي�ا أن�ين� كنتم مؤم�

ye who believe! Fear Allah, and give up what remains of your demand for usury, if ye are indeed believers.

إ�ن تبتم سول�ه� و� رب م�ن� الله� و�ر� أذ�نوا ب�ح� إ�ن ل�م ت�فع�لوا ف� ف�ال�كم ال ت�ظل�مون� و��ال تظل�مون� �مو� ل�كم رءوس أ ف�

If ye do it not, Take notice of war from Allah and His Messenger: But if ye turn back, ye shall have your capital sums: Deal not unjustly, and ye shall not be dealt with unjustly. Baqarah,2:278-279

. ذي أنزل عليك الكتاب منه آيات محكمات هن أم الكتاب هو البعون ما تشابه ذين في قلوبهم زيغ فيت وأخر متشابهات فأما ال

ه منه ابتغاء الفتنة وابتغاء تأويله وما يعلم تأويله إال اللر نا وما يذك ا به كل من عند رب اسخون في العلم يقولون آمن والر

إال أولو األلبابHe it is Who has sent down to thee the Book: In it are

verses basic or fundamental (of established meaning); they are the foundation of the Book: others are allegorical. But those in whose hearts is perversity follow the part thereof that is allegorical, seeking discord, and searching for its hidden meanings, but no one knows its hidden meanings except Allah. And those who are firmly grounded in knowledge say: "We believe in the Book; the whole of it is from our Lord:" and none will grasp the Message except men of understanding. (Ale Imran, 3:7)

Books written by early writers in this area-Al Burhaan Fi Uloomul Quran by ZarkashiAl Ittiqaan Fi Uioomul Quran by SuyutiBooks by contemporary writersManahilul Arfaan Fi Uloomul Quran- by

ZarqaniMabahith Fi Uloomul Quran by Dr. Subhi SalihMabahith Fi Uloomul Quran by Manaul Qattan

There are two types of Tafasir-A- Tafseer Mathoor- These tafasir depend

upon the “ Riwayaat” . Such tafaseer have a good portion of references to “ Israili -yat” or old testament and weak ahadith.

B- Tafseer Bil Ra’ay- These tafaseer depend upon “Dirayat”. Such tafaseer have dominant color of “madahib’ and the issues of the time. They also show the color of the writer whether he is faqih, nahwi, motazali, ash’ari, mutakallam or sufi.

One should benefit from all these tafaseer . He should focus upon positive aspects of each tafseer and save from its weaknesses. Examples:

Tafseer Zamakhshari- One should benefit from its linguistic aspects but avoid the Mo’tazala color in it.

Tafseer Ibn Kathir and Tafseer Ibn Jareer are preferable.

Amongst tafaseer bil-Rayee one can recommend Ibn-Ateyyah and Qurtubi.

Tafseer Al QasamiTafseer Al MannarTafseer Ibn AshoorTafseer Ibn BadeesTafseer Fi Zilalil Quraan by Seyed QutubAt-Tafseerul Hadith by DaroozaTafseer by Sheikh ShaltootTafheemul Quran by Abul Ala Al MaudoodiTafseer Bayanul QuranTafseer Tadabbar Quran - Tafseer Tarjumanul Quran

1- Focus upon the essence of tafseer- One should avoid unnecessary long

discussions about words, nahw issues, fiqh differences. One should try to find the purpose and message of Allah (SWT) in the ayahs.

Ibn Hayyan said about Tafseer-Kabeer by Razi that it has every thing except tafseer. Although others think this is an exaggeration.

Rashid Rada said similar words about Tafseer-Al Jawahir by Sheikh Tantawi Jauhari

Israelyat infiltrated into tafaseer at the time of Sahaba (R).

A major role in this matter was played by Kaab Ahbaar and Wahab Ibn Munabba.

Initially, it was at a small scale but then its infiltration was increased in a planned way.

When Ahlul Kitaab were defeated in Madina and Khayber, they tried to defeat Muslims by infusing their literature with foreign thoughts.

أفتطمعون أن يؤمنوا لكم وقد كان فريق منهمفونه من بعد ما عقلوه وهم ه ثم يحر يسمعون كالم الل

يعلمون Can ye (o ye men of Faith) entertain the

hope that they will believe in you?- Seeing that a party of them heard the Word of Allah, and perverted it knowingly after they understood it. Baqarah, 2:75

ون ون ال يعلمون الكتاب إال أماني وإن هم إال يظن ومنهمy أمي And there are among them illiterates, who know not

the Book, but (see therein their own) desires, and they do nothing but conjecture.

ه ليشتروا ذين يكتبون الكتاب بأيديهمy ثم يقولون هذا من عند الل فويل للبه ثمنا قليال فويل لهم مما كتبت أيديهم وويل لهم مما يكسبون

Then woe to those who write the Book with their own hands, and then say:"This is from Allah," to traffic with it for miserable price!- Woe to them for what their hands do write, and for the gain they make thereby.

فون الكلم اهم وجعلنا قلوبهم قاسية يحر فبما نقضهم ميثاقهم لعنروا به وال تزال تطلع على خائنة عن مواضعه ونسوا حظا مما ذكه يحب المحسنين منهم إال قليال منهم فاعف عنهم واصفح إن الل

But because of their breach of their covenant, We cursed them, and made their hearts grow hard; they change the words from their (right) places and forget a good part of the message that was sent them, nor wilt thou cease to find them- barring a few - ever bent on (new) deceits: but forgive them, and overlook (their misdeeds): for Allah loves those who are kind.

“O’ Son of Khattab! Do you like to be confused ( like people of book). I came to you with a clear and evident (Guidance). I swear by the One in whose hand is my soul, if Moses was alive today, he would have to follow me.”

Mishkatul Masabih, chapter on Imaan.

There are two reasons for it:1- Hafiz Ibn Kathir mentioned in the preface of his

tafsir that we can quote from earlier scriptures which are not proven untrue in our religion. He refers to this Hadith reported in Bukhari by Abdullah Ibn Omar (R).

“ Pass on to people from me even if it is one verse. Quote from Bani Israel as there is nothing wrong in it. Whoever knowingly reports a lie upon me, his abode is Hellfire.”

2- Scholars copied from Bani Israel’s books things about which Muslims did not have prior knowledge.

3-Information they had from Quran and Sunnah

would neither support its validity nor would deny it. 4-They did not find any evidence to contrary.

5-They quoted it even though there was no benefit.

Names and number of the companions of Cave (Kahf)

Color of their dog.Moses (A) staff was made out of which tree?Names of the birds which Ibrahim (A)

brought back to life.Which part of the cow’s meat was striked

against the dead man who woke up?

What kind of tree was that from where Allah (SWT) called Moses?

Allama Ahmad Shakir’s criticism1-One may mention these things which can not be

proven or disproven and have no benefit for us. 2- To mention these in tafaseer, to determine

things not told in Quran or describe details which are not told is wrong. Reader may wrongly think that this may be the true detail of the brief info.

1- Kahf, 18:50- In its tafseer, he quotes from Bani Israel regarding Satan( his names, his nature and his characteristics). Then he says that such info is given for pondering. Truth about this info is known to Allah (SWT). However, there are many concocted stories in them since they did not have scholars like amongst Muslims who could authenticate such info.

2-Tafseer of Surah Qaaf- He mentions that some people have quoted that Qaaf is a mountain which is surrounding the earth. He says this is part of the concocted stories of Bani Israel. He says how can we accept things blindly when;

Time since their prophets is prolongedThere were no Huffaz or critics amongst themAlcohol drinking is part of their livesTheir scholars have committed Tahreef

3-Surah Namal, 27:41-42- He copies a statement by Abdullah Ibn Abbas (R) and then says “ Munkirun wa Gharibun Jiddan.”

Ibn Kathir has exposed the weakness of such reporting from Bani Israel sources in many places in his tafsir.

He shows his disgust about such reports, does not refer to them and sticks to the brief description of Quran.

وهل أتاك نبأ الخصم إذ تسوروا المحراب على بعض فاحكم بيننا بالحق وال تشطط واهدنا إلى سواء الصراطإذ دخلوا على داود ففزع منهم قالوا ال تخف خصمان بغى بعضنا

ني في الخطابإن هذا أخي له تسع وتسعون نعجة ولي نعجة واحدة فقال أكفلنيها وعز لمك بسؤال نعجتك إلى نعاجه وإن كثيرا من الخلطاءyذين آمنوا وعملوا الصالحات وقليل قال لقد ظ ه وخر راكعا وأنابليبغي بعضهم على بعض إال ال اه فاستغفر رب ما فتن ما هم وظن داود أن

فغفرنا له ذلك وإن له عندنا لزلفى وحسن مآب

Some commentators have reported a story from Bani Israel sources in relation to these ayahs.

There is no authentic report from Prophet (SAW) about this story.

Ibn Abi Hatem reported a hadith at this point which is weak in its chain of reporters. Yazid Raqqashi has reported it from Anas (R). Yazid was considered weak in his reports by the Imams of Hadith.

ه ا سليمان وألقينا على كرسي ولقد فتنجسدا ثم أناب

And We did try Solomon: We placed on his throne a body (without life); but he did turn (to Us in true devotion):

Abdullah Ibn Abbas, Qatadah, Sudee, Mujahid, Kaab Ahbaar reported a story from Bani Israel resources here.

A group from Ulama of Salaf including Saeed Ibn Musyyab. Zaid Ibn Aslam also reported it.

All these are derived from the stories of Bani Israel.

This is not established by any authentic sourceCommon sense does not accept validity of such

story.

And We had certainly given Abraham his sound judgment before, and We were of him well-Knowing. When he said to his father and his people, "What are these statues to which you are devoted?“ They said, "We found our fathers worshippers of them.“ He said, "You were certainly, you and your fathers, in manifest error. "They said, "Have you come to us with truth, or are you of those who jest?“ He said, "[No], rather, your Lord is the Lord of the heavens and the earth who created them, and I, to that, am of those who testify.

We will avoid a major part of Bani Israel’s reports in explaining the ayahs of Quran.

It is just wastage of time. Their reports are mixed with false stories and

rumors which were prevalent amongst them.Truth is that we should avoid all reports from

Bani Israel sources. There is more harm than good in all such reports. ( Al Qardawi)

O Muslims! Why do you ask Bani Israeil about any thing when:

Your Book revealed by Allah upon His Prophet (SAW) is the last edition of information from Allah.

You read it in pure and uncorrupted manner.You know People of the book altered their books.They write the book with their hands and claim it is from

Allah for some benefit.Now, the ILM has come to you. Is not it enough to save you

from asking them? ( Reported by Ibn Kathir in tafsir of Baqarah2:79 and by

Bukhari in his Sahih)

There are weak reports in the books of Tafsir. Some are Marfu or Maqoof like reported from

Ali or Ibn Abbas (R).Others are reported from tabi-een like

Mujahid, Ikramah, Hasan Basari and Ibn Jubair.

Ibn Abi Hatam, Ibn Marduwiyah and Ibn Jarir Tabari gather all kind of reports ( hasan, dhaeef, munkar) in their Tafsirs.

I-A’la( Most excellent)-1- Muawiyah Ibn Saleh- Abi Talaha-Ibn Abbas. 2-Qais Ibn Muslim Koofi- Ata Ibn Saib- Saeed Ibn Jubair- Ibn Abbas.

II-Hasan: Ibn Ishaq-Mohammad Ibn Ahmad-Zaid Ibn Thabit-Ikramah-Ibn Jubair-Ibn Abbas

III-Mukhtalif Fih: Ismail Sudi Al Kabir-Abi Malik or Abi Saleh-Ibn Abbas

IV-To be further investigated: Ibn Jareej- Ibn Abbas. Ibn Jareej has gathered weak reports

VI-Maqtoo: Zahak Ibn Muzahim- Ibn Abbas. Zihak has not met Ibn Abbas.

VII-Dhaeef: Ateyah Koofi – Ibn Abbas.Dhaeef: Muqatil Ibn Sulaiman- Ibn Abbas.VIII-Weakest: Kalabi- Ibn Saleh-Ibn AbbasLie: Kalabi-Mohammad Ibn Marwan Assudi

Assaghir- Ibn Abbas. (Hafiz Ibn Hajar/Suyyuti)

And [remember, O Muhammad], when you said to the one on whom Allah bestowed favor and you bestowed favor, "Keep your wife and fear Allah ," while you concealed within yourself that which Allah is to disclose. And you feared the people, while Allah has more right that you fear Him. So when Zayd had no longer any need for her, We married her to you in order that there not be upon the believers any discomfort concerning the wives of their adopted sons when they no longer have need of them. And ever is the command of Allah accomplished

In some tafasirs, one reads imaginary or false story telling.

There is no supporting evidence in the ayah or in any authentic report for such stories.

Opponents of Prophet (SAW) have written their own versions of stories with the purpose of attacking his character.

Surprisingly, some of our contemporary commentators have copied such stories.

Hafiz Ibn Kathir – “ Ibn Abi Hatem and Ibn Jareer have copied some stories here and we prefer to overlook these. There is no weight in these stories in evidence or accuracy. “

Some of our contemporaries rejected such reports based on reasoning including Dr.Husnain Haikal ( Life of Mohammad) , Sheikh Ghazali ( Fiqhu-Sirah), Abul Ala Al Maudoodi ( Tafhimul Quran).

And We did not send before you any messenger or prophet except that when he spoke [or recited], Satan threw into it [some misunderstanding]. But Allah abolishes that which Satan throws in; then Allah makes precise His verses. And Allah is Knowing and Wise.

Ibn Jareer Tabari and others have quoted this story in the tafsir of 22:52. Summary of this story is_

Prophet (SAW) was reciting Surah Najm 19-20.At that time, suddenly these words came out from his mouth” These are esteemed goddesses and their intercession is expected.” When he did Sujood of recitation, the disbelievers joined Muslims. They thought Mohammad (SAW) has praised their goddesses.

Muhaddith Nasiruddin Albani wrote a booklet on this story and proved it is baseless.

The method of reporting makes it Mursal. Al Maudoodi (R) has critically examined it in

Tafhimul Quran (Vol 3 pages 238-245) and rejected its validity.

Commentators who reported this story translate “Tamanna” as “Tala” which is not supported in Arabic language.

One must refrain from weak opinions even though given by great scholars.

Example: Ibn Jarir Tabari (R) says about Al Maida verses 44,45,47 that these are related to people of the Book. Majority of scholars consider these related to this Ummah.

Ali (R) said, “Do not find truth through people. Find the truth and then you will know who are the people of truth.”