KM35Z512 based Three-Phase Smart Power Meter Reference …

1 IntroductionThis document describes the design of a Three-Phase Smart PowerMeter reference design based on NXP KM35Z512 microcontroller. Thismicrocontroller is a part of NXP Kinetis-M microcontroller family. Kinetis-Mmicrocontroller family designed for power metering applications. Therefore,the Kinetis-M family offers a high-performance Analog Front-End (24-bitAFE) combined with an embedded Programmable Gain Amplifier (PGA). Inaddition to high-performance analog peripherals, such as an auxiliary 16-bitSAR ADC, these new devices integrate memories, input-output ports, digitalblocks, and various communication options. The Arm® Cortex®-M0+ coreand Memory-Mapped Arithmetic Unit (MMAU), with support for 64-bit math,enable fast execution of metering algorithms. The three-phase power meterreference design is intended for the measurement and registration of activeand reactive energies in three-phase four-wire networks. This design is madeto be compliant with IS14697:1999 for class 0.5 accuracy for a dynamic rangeof 10-60 A.

The main purpose of a three-phase meter implementation on the KM3x devices is based on the signal’s dynamic range analysis.The current signal in metering is typically from 50 mA to 120 A, therefore the current must be digitalized by a very precise and linearADC with wide dynamic range, typically 24 bits. The SD method is an ideal solution to solve current dynamic range requirements.On the other hand, the voltage signal in metering is in the range of 80 V to 280 V. So the voltage dynamic range is approximately60 times smaller than current dynamic range. The voltage requirements can be easily solved by a high-resolution SAR converter.

The common reason for using six or seven independent ADC channels is for easier converter synchronization—that is, allchannels are able to begin precisely at the defined time. The KM3x devices solve this problem by the peripheral called XBAR.The XBAR is an internal connection matrix among the peripherals. Internal signals, such as conversion complete from the SDconverter can be used for starting SAR conversion. So the complete signal sampling process based on the combination of three orfour SDs and one SAR with an input multiplexer is fully supported by the device’s hardware and only the conversion results mustbe read by the microcontroller core or by DMA.

The three-phase power meter reference design is intended for the measurement and registration of active and reactive energiesin three-phase four-wire networks. It is pre certified according to the European EN50470-1, EN50470-3, classes B and C, and tothe IEC 62053-21 and IEC 62052-11 international standards for electronic meters of active energy classes 2, 1, and 0.5.

The integrated Switched-Mode Power Supply (SMPS) enables an efficient operation of the power meter electronics and providesenough power for optional modules, such as non-volatile memories (NVM) for data logging and firmware storage, a low-powermagnetic field sensor for electronic tamper detection, and an RF communication module for AMR and remote monitoring. Thepower meter electronics are backed-up by a 3.6 V Li-SOCI2 battery when disconnected from the power mains. This batteryactivates the power meter whenever the user button is pressed or a tamper event occurs. The permanent triggers for tamperevents include two tamper switches protecting the main and terminal covers. An additional optional tamper event is generatedby a low-power 3-axis magnetometer sensor. The 3-axis magnetometer is useful to check for magnetic field changes which isimportant because current sensing is widely used with current transformers. This type of sensor guarantees the static magneticfield generated by the permanent magnet.

The power meter reference design is prepared for use in real applications, as suggested by its implementation of a HumanMachine Interface (HMI) and communication interfaces for remote data collecting.

Contents

1 Introduction......................................12 MKM35Z512 series MCU................33 Basic theory.....................................44 Hardware design............................. 65 Software design............................ 176 Application setup...........................237 Accuracy and performance........... 258 Summary.......................................289 Metering board electronics............2810 Metering board layout................... 3311 Bill of materials of the metering board

...................................................... 3712 Bill of materials of the GPRS board

...................................................... 4013 References....................................4014 Revision history.............................40

AN13338KM35Z512 based Three-Phase Smart Power Meter ReferenceDesignRev. 0 — 25 November 2021 Application Note

This design is a reference for designing Smart Power Meter or Electricity Meter, which measures and displays Active Energy(kWh), Reactive Energy (kVArh) and Apparent Energy (kVAh). It also measures and displays Voltage, Current, frequency, Powerfactor, Active Power (kW), Reactive Power (kVAr), Apparent Power (kVA), Maximum demand in kW. It displays date and time.

1.1 SpecificationThe MKM35Z512 three-phase power meter reference design is intended for use in a real application. Its metrology portion hasundergone thorough laboratory testing. Thanks to intensive testing, accurate 24-bit AFE, and continual algorithm improvements,the three-phase power meter calculates active, reactive, and apparent energies more accurately and over a higher dynamic rangethan what is required by common standards. All information, including accuracies, operating conditions, and optional features, aresummarized in the following Table 1.

Table 1. MKM35Z512 three-phase power meter specification

Type of meter Three-phase AC static watt-hour smart meter

Type of measurement Four-quadrant

Metering algorithm Low-power real time based

Accuracy IS14697 class 0.5 (0.5 %)

Nominal voltage 240 VAC ± 20 %

Current range 0 – 60 A (10 A is nominal current, dynamic range is up to 72 A)

Nominal frequency 50 Hz ± 5 %

Meter constant (imp / kWh, imp / kVArh) 1600

Functionality V, A, kW, VAr, VA, kWh (import / export), kVArh (import / export), Hz, powerfactor, time, date

Voltage sensor Voltage divider

Current sensors Current Transformer (CT) with 2500:1 turn ratio

Energy output pulse interface Two red LEDs (active and reactive energy)

User interface (HMI) 8 x 15 segment LCD, one pushbutton

Tamper detection Two hidden buttons (module area and main cover)

IEC62056-21 infrared interface 9600 / 8-N-1 IR interface

Remote communication modules (optional only)

• GPRS

GPRS modules with 1 x SIM card slot, IPv6 capable module

External NVMs

• EEPROM

• Flash (optional only)

M240M2, 256 KB

IS25LQ040B, 512 KB

Internal battery 1/2AA, 3.6 V Lithium-Thionyl Chloride (Li-SOCI2) 1.2 Ah

Table continues on the next page...

NXP SemiconductorsIntroduction

KM35Z512 based Three-Phase Smart Power Meter Reference Design, Rev. 0, 25 November 2021Application Note 2 / 42

Table 1. MKM35Z512 three-phase power meter specification (continued)

Power consumption @ 3.3 V and 22°C:

• Normal mode (powered from mains)

• Standby mode (powered from battery)

• Power-down mode (powered from battery)

11.0 mA 1

2.2 mA

12 μA (both covers closed, no tampering)

1. Valid for CORECLK = 23.986176 MHz and without any plugin communication module

2 MKM35Z512 series MCUNXP’s MKM35Z512 series MCU is based on the 90 nm process technology. It has on-chip peripherals, computationalperformance, and power capabilities to enable the development of a low-cost and highly integrated power meter (see Figure1). It is based on the 32-bit Arm® Cortex®-M0+ core, with CPU clock rated up to 75 MHz. The analog measurement front endis integrated on all devices; it includes a highly accurate 24-bit Sigma Delta ADC, PGA, high-precision internal 1.2 V voltagereference (Vref), phase shift compensation block, 16-bit SAR ADC, a high-speed analog comparator which allows to compareexternal signal with internal reference, a peripheral crossbar (XBAR), programmable delay block (PDB), and a memory-mappedarithmetic unit (MMAU). The XBAR module acts as a programmable switch matrix, enabling multiple simultaneous connectionsof internal and external signals. An accurate Independent Real-Time Clock (IRTC) with passive tamper detection capabilities isalso available on all devices.

In addition to high-performance analog and digital blocks, the MKM35Z512 series MCU was designed with an emphasis onachieving the required software separation. It integrates hardware blocks, supporting the distinct separation of the legally relevantsoftware from other software functions.

The hardware blocks controlling and/or checking the access attributes include:

• Arm Cortex-M0+ core

• DMA controller module

• Miscellaneous control module

• Memory protection unit

• Peripheral bridge

• General-purpose input/output module

NXP SemiconductorsMKM35Z512 series MCU


ArmCortex-M0+

75 MHz

CORE

AFETIMERS COMMUNICATION

INTERFACESHMI

SYSTEM MEMORIES CLOCKS

ANALOG

MMAU

SWD ANDMTB

16-bit SARADC

QUAD TIMERX4 CH

INTERRUPTCONTROLLER

24 bitΣ ADCPGA

SECURITY

UniqueID

PCRCSRAM64 KB

1 KHzLPO

32K OSC

MCG32K AND 4M IRC

FLL AND PLL

HIGHRANGE

OSC

WATCHDOG FLASH 512 KB, 2 256 KB banks

EWM

XBAR

LLWU

BME

DMA

HACMP x3

1.2 V VREF

MPU

MMCAU

24 bitΣ ADC

iRTC WITHTAMPER

PIT x2

SPI x3

I2C x2

UART x4(ISO7816 x2)LPUART x1

SEGMENTLCD

(> 288SEGMENGw/ 8MUX)

GPIOsPDB x1

LPTMR x2

iRTC

PGA

24 bitΣ ADCPGA

24 bitΣ ADC

PHASE SHIFTCOMPENSATION

PGA

VREF

Figure 1. KM35Z512 MCUs block diagramKM35Z512 MCUs block diagram

The MKM35Z512 devices are highly capable and fully programmable MCUs, with application software driving the differentiationof the product. Currently, the necessary SDK peripheral software drivers, metering algorithms, communication protocols,and a vast number of complementary software routines are available directly from semiconductor vendors or third parties.Because the MKM35Z512 MCUs integrate a high-performance analog front end, communication peripherals, hardware blocks forsoftware separation, and are capable of executing various Arm Cortex-M0+ compatible software, they are ideal components fordevelopment of residential, commercial, and light industrial electronic power meter applications.

3 Basic theoryThe critical task for a digital processing engine or an MCU in an electricity-metering application is the accurate computation ofthe active energy, reactive energy, active power, reactive power, apparent power, RMS voltage, and RMS current. The activeand reactive energies are sometimes referred to as the billing quantities. The remaining quantities are calculated for informativepurposes, and they are referred to as non-billing. A description of the billing and non-billing metering quantities and calculationformulas follows.

3.1 Active energyActive energy is the energy which is consumed or utilized in an AC Circuit is called true energy or Active Energy or real energy.The active energy is measured in the unit of Watt Hours (Wh). In electric power, real work is performed for the portion of the currentwhich is in phase with the voltage. No real work will result, from the portion where the current is not in phase with the voltage. Theactive energy in a typical three-phase power meter application is computed as an infinite integral of the unbiased instantaneousphase voltage u(t) and phase current i(t) waveforms.

Eq. 3-1

NXP SemiconductorsBasic theory


3.2 Reactive energyThe reactive energy is given by the integral (with respect to time) of the product of voltage and current, and the sine of the phaseangle between them. The reactive energy is measured in the unit of Volt-Ampere-Reactive Hours (VARh). The reactive energy ina typical three-phase power meter is computed as an infinite integral of the unbiased instantaneous shifted phase voltage u(t-90°)and phase current i(t) waveforms.

Eq. 3-2

3.3 Active powerThe active power (P) is measured in Watts (W), and it is expressed as a product of the voltage and the in-phase component of thealternating current. The average power of any whole number of cycles is the same as the average power value of just one cycle.Therefore, we can easily find the average power of a very long-duration periodic waveform simply by calculating the average valueof one complete cycle with period T.

Eq. 3-3

3.4 Reactive powerThe reactive power (Q) is measured in units of volt-amperes-reactive (VAR), and it is a product of the voltage and current, andthe sine of the phase angle between them. The reactive power is calculated in the same manner as the active power, but, in thereactive power, the voltage input waveform is shifted 90 degrees with respect to the current input waveform.

Eq. 3-4

3.5 RMS current and voltageThe Root Mean Square (RMS) is a fundamental measurement of the magnitude of an alternating signal. In mathematics, theRMS is known as the standard deviation, which is a statistical measure of the magnitude of a varying quantity. The standarddeviation measures only the alternating portion of the signal, as opposed to the RMS value, which measures both the direct andalternating components.

In electrical engineering, the RMS or effective value of a current is, by definition, such that the heating effect is the same for equalvalues of alternating or direct current. The basic equations for a straightforward computation of the RMS current and RMS voltagefrom the signal function are as follows:

Eq. 3-5

Eq. 3-6

3.6 Apparent powerThe total power in an AC circuit (both absorbed and dissipated) is referred to as the total apparent power (S). The apparent poweris measured in the units of volt-amperes (VA). For any general waveforms with higher harmonics, the apparent power is given bythe product of the RMS phase current and RMS phase voltage.

NXP SemiconductorsBasic theory


Eq. 3-7

For sinusoidal waveforms with no higher harmonics, the apparent power can also be calculated using the power triangle method,as a vector sum of the active power (P) and reactive power (Q) components.

Eq. 3-8

For a better accuracy, use Eq. 3-7 to calculate the apparent power of any general waveforms with higher harmonics. In purelysinusoidal systems with no higher harmonics, both Eq. 3-7 and Eq. 3-8 provide the same results.

3.7 Power factorThe power factor of an AC electrical power system is defined as the ratio of the active power (P) flowing to the load to the apparentpower (S) in the circuit. It is a dimensionless number ranging from –1 to 1.

Eq. 3-9

where angle

is the phase angle between the current and voltage waveforms in the sinusoidal system.

Circuits containing purely resistive heating elements (filament lamps, cooking stoves, and so on) have a power factor of one.Circuits containing inductive or capacitive elements (electric motors, solenoid valves, lamp ballasts, and others) often have apower factor below one.

4 Hardware designHardware design and stability are very important to achieve high accuracy and repeatability in power meter. High level hardwareblock diagram of power meter is shown in Figure 2. This section describes the power meter electronics, which are divided intothree separate parts:

• Power supply

• Digital circuits

• Analog signal-conditioning circuits

An active power source (Switch Mode Power Supply – SMPS) is chosen for this design. The power supply is designed to operatefrom three phases as well as single phase universal input mains voltage with secondary side regulation. Secondary side regulationprovides stable and well-regulated output voltage with minimal nose with respect to input voltage and output load variations. Alow-noise 3.6 V linear regulator, and a power management block is placed at power supply output to further reduce the noise.Total capacity of power supply output is 10 W max. The simple power management block works autonomously—that is, it suppliesstable power source to the power meter electronics from either the 50 Hz (60 Hz) mains or the 3.6 V Li-SOCI2 battery, which isalso integrated.

The basic configuration is comprised of only the circuits necessary for power meter operation; that means MCU(MKM35Z512VLL7), debug interface, LCD interface, LED interface, IR (IEC62056-21), GPRS module connector, relays,pushbutton, 256 KB I2C EEPROM and tamper detection. In contrast to the basic configuration, all the advanced features areoptional, and require the following additional components to be populated: 512 KB SPI Flash for firmware upgrade and/or datastorage. For more information, see Digital circuits.

The Kinetis-M devices allow differential analog signal measurements with a common mode reference of up to 0.8 V and aninput signal range of ±250 mV. The capability of the device to measure analog signals with negative polarity brings a significant

NXP SemiconductorsHardware design


simplification to the phase current sensors’ hardware interfaces. The phase voltage signal is connected to the SAR multiplexer,however, the external biasing circuits must be added externally.

Digital and analog circuit of the reference design is based on peripheral usage of the MCU and a block diagram is shown below.

LCD

KM35Z512

PMCGPIO

AUXBattery

SPI

UART

UART

SPI

SD-ADC

SAR-ADC

Power SupplySMPS

SWD IO/CLKJTAG debug

PowerManagement

Unit

I2C

OSC-PLL-FLL

iRTC

Connector for second MCU connection

Current transformerSense circuit

Voltage Sensecircuit

EEPROM(Meter app data)

EEPROM(FW storage)

32k Crystal

GPRS/LPRModule/RS232

Optical Port

Flash

Debug

MD-ResetButton

PushButton

CoverOpen

TamperSwitch

RTCBattery

CalibrationLEDs Relay Driver

MagnetTamper

ModuleOpenSwitch

TerminalOpenSwitch

Figure 2. KM35Z512 usage for three-phase smart meter

The power meter electronics were created using a two-layer printed circuit board (PCB). Two-layer PCB is cheaper andcost-effective. Figure 29 and Figure 30 show the top and bottom views of the power meter PCB, respectively.

4.1 Power supplySwitched Mode Power Supply (SMPS) has been developed using an offline high-voltage converter which features a 1050 Vavalanche-rugged power section, PWM operation at 60 kHz with frequency jittering for lower EMI, as shown in Figure 4. The powersupply provides 12 V for Latching relay operation and 5 V (2 A Max) for GPRS/RF module and other digital and analog circuit. Forstable and well-regulated output with low ripple SMPS is designed with secondary side feedback from 5 V. 5 V output is followed by3.6 V LDO for further reduction in output ripple and maintained very high regulation for input and output variation. 3.6 V generatedfrom LDO is used for energy measurement block and other digital circuit.

The following supply voltages are all derived from the regulated output voltage of the SMPS-LDO and auxiliary battery:

• RFV – 5 V supply used to supply GPRS module and backlight in the meter

• VCC – Fixed 3.6 V supply from SMPS-LDO that powers the GPRS modem or other types of wireless communicationmodules

• VDD is supported by VCC and VBAT_AUX (auxiliary 3.6 V Li-SOCI2 battery) – provides supply to digital and analogvoltage for the MCU and digital/analog circuits in case of VDD failure. MCU power pins VDD, VDDA, SAR_VDDA all arepowered through this.



C93

0.1U

F

R235

0 DNP

VBAT_AUX

+C9210uF TV

S7C

DD

FN2-

T3.3

LC

12

BAT54CD57

3

1

2

VDDL21

1000OHM

1 2

VCC

UP_SCROLL (Pg2,5)

VBAT_AUX

TAMP_RF(Pg2)

R2221.0M

R231 0

VDD

R64470K

SW5

PB_SWITCH

1

2

3

6

5

4

VDD

BAT54C

D38

3

1

2

C69

0.1UF

R230 0

RF Open Tamper

VDD

Cover Open Tamper R232 0

R65470K

D62 BAT54HT1

DNP

A C

Terminal Open Tamper

Note: 1. When Top cover closed2-3 and 5-4 are shorted.2. When Top cover open2-1 and 5-6 are shorted.

Cover open and switches

VDD_SW

C420.1UF

D61 BAT54HT1

DNP

A C

R156 100K

C70

0.1UF

C43

0.1UF

Push Button Switch

D63 BAT54HT1

DNP

A C

SW2

PTS645

12

34

TAMP_COV(Pg2)

VBAT_AUX

SW4

PB_SWITCH

1

2

3

6

5

4

C410.1UF

DOWN_SCROLL (Pg2)

R1571.0M

R701.0M

Push Button Switch

RTC_BAT

SW1PTS645

12

34

TAMP_TERM(Pg2)

VBAT_AUX

SW3

PB_SWITCH

1

2

3

6

5

4

Q16PMV100XPEAR

1

2 3

BT2

ER14250-VB

12

3

BAT54C

D37

3

1

2

R153100K

C681.0UF

Q17

BC817-40LT1G

23

1

In absence of Mains, Battery supply not required everytime. Battery supply required for MCU wakeup by UP_SCROLL push button or cover open.

R15218K

LATCH(Pg4)

VBAT_AUX VDD_SW

R151 10K

UP_SCROLL(Pg4)

R102

0

D60

BAT54HT1

A C

Aux Battery Circuit

SMPS Output

Figure 3. Voltage source for the MCU in meter

MCU will not have any VDD when there is no AC mains. Auxiliary battery (VBAT_AUX) will provide VDD to MCU through D38whenever any switch SW3, SW4, and SW5 become active. MCU also gets VDD whenever switch SW2 (UP_SCROLL) is pressed.When SW2 switch is pressed, MCU software can activate the LATCH pin to latch the VBAT_AUX to MCU VDD.

The analog circuits within the MCU usually require decoupled power supplies for the best performance. The analog voltages(VDDA and SAR_VDDA) are supplied through VDD only and bypass capacitors C6, C7 are put close to the MCU analog voltagepins for better performance. Chip inductor L21 is placed between VDD and VCC to suppress the noise and provide clean voltagefor digital and analog measurement circuit.

C1000.22uF

C941000PF

+ C7633uF

C950.022UF

+C851000uF

D461N4007

AC

D501N4007

AC

+C97

1000uF

L19 1.2mH

1 2

C930.

1UF

R235

0 DNP

R18422

C752200PF

R19810K

C90

0.1U

F

R202

47

R187 22

VBAT_AUX

R_PH

DNP

C83

2200

PF

R180

470K

Y_PH1

DNP

D52

1N4007A C

B_PH2

DNP

MAINS_ON (Pg2)

+C9210uF TV

S7C

DD

FN2-

T3.3

LC

12

D49

1N4007

A C

RFV

R1911.0K

R196 0

L25 1.2mH1 2

R18

83.

3K

C96 1000pF

T1

EE20

5

3

4

1 67

9

10

82

NEUT

DNP

R190470

R2000

DNP

R211

47

R183470K

BAT54CD57

3

1

2

+C77

33uF

+C86

470uF

D45

MURS360T3G

A C

D54 US1M

AC

C88

0.1U

F

R199

10K

C91

0.1U

F

R225

B72210S2511K101

12

R213 2.7K

D481N4007

AC

R19318K

U23VIPER267KDTR

GN

D1

NC_12

NC_23

NA4

VDD

5

NC_36

FB7

COMP8

NC_49

NC_510

NC_611

NC_712

DRAIN_113

DRAIN_214

DRAIN_315

DRAIN_416

+C80

10UF

U22

ST732M36RGND

1

VIN2

VOUT3

NC14

NC25

R1921.0K

R_PH

R223B72210S2511K101

12

R201220K

R210 10 OHM

R204

47

D53 1N4007

AC

R182470K

VDDL21

1000OHM

1 2

Y_PH

U27TL431AIDBZR

1 3

2

D56 MURS120T3A C

C89

0.1U

F

C820.047UF

D55US1M

AC

R174100k

R212 2.7K

D47

1N4007

A C

D51

1N4007

A CB_PH

C81

0.1U

F

RLY_PWR

+C87

470uF

U25

TLV809K33DBVR

RES

ET2

VDD

3

GN

D1

RLY_PWR

R209 10 OHM

R203

47R181

470K

U24

FOD817A

1

23

4 R195

10K

DNP

R19422K

R189

10K

R224

B72210S2511K101

12

VCC

L23

3.3uH

1 2

Figure 4. SMPS power supply

The digital and analog voltages MCU VDD, VDDA, and SAR_VDDA are lower than the regulated output voltageVCC, due to a voltage drop on the diode D57 (0.35 V).

NOTE



4.2 Digital circuitsAll the digital circuits are supplied from the VDD, and VCC voltages. The digital/analog common MCU voltage (VDD), which isbacked up by the 1/2AA 3.6 V Li-SOCI2 battery (BT2), is active even when the power meter electronics are disconnected from themains. It powers the MCU (U21), LEDs, isolated optical communication interface (U15, U16). The regulated output voltage (VCC)powers the digital circuits that can be switched off during the Standby and Power-down operating modes anyway. These are thecommunication modules which can be connected on connectors (J6, J7).

4.2.1 MKM35Z512VLL7The MKM35Z512VLL7 MCU (U1) is the most noticeable component on the metering board (see ). The following components arerequired for proper operation of this MCU:

• Filtering ceramic capacitors C1, C4, C6, C7, C8, C9, C52, C54

• LCD charge pump capacitors C10, C11, C13, C19

• External reset filters C2 and R1

• 32.768 kHz crystal Y1

The LCD (DS1) is an indispensable part of the power meter used to display billing and non-billing quantity. Debugger ConnectorJ1 is the SWD interface for MCU programming and debugging.

CAUTION:

The debug interface (J1) is not isolated from the mains supply. Use only galvanically isolated debug probes for programming theMCU when the power meter is supplied from the mains supply.

4.2.2 Output LEDsThe MCU uses a timer and GPIO pins to control two bright red LEDs D14 and D15 (see Figure 5; D14 for active energy,and D15 for reactive energy. These LEDs are used at the time of the meter calibration or verification as well as indication ofenergies calculations.

kWh_LED

VCC

R62 1.5K

D14

L-53LID

A C

R61 1.5K

VCC

kVArh_LEDD15

L-53LID

A C

Figure 5. Output LEDs control

4.2.3 KB I2C EEPROM memoryThe 256 KB I2C EEPROM memory (M24M02) can be used for parameter storage (backup of the calibration parameters) andother application purposes, for example, load profiles, billing, and even to store new application firmware. The connection of theEEPROM memory to the MCU is made through the I2C1 module, as shown in Figure 6. The maximum communication throughputis limited by the M24M02 device. The memory can work in both the Normal and Standby operation modes.



R66

10.0K

I2C1_SCL

C620.1UF

I2C1_SDA

R63

10.0K

VDD

VDD

M24M02-DR

U18

DU_11

DU_22E2

3

VSS

4

SDA5

SCL6

WC7

VCC

8

VDD

Figure 6. 256 KB I2C EEPROM control

4.2.4 KB SPI flashThe 512 KB SPI Flash (IS25LQ040B-JNLE) can be used to store a new firmware application, and/or to store load profiles. Theconnection of the Flash memory to the MCU is made through the SPI0 module, as shown in Figure 7.

The SPI0 module of the MKM35Z512VLL7 device supports communication speed of up to 12.5 Mbit/s. The memory can work inboth the Normal and Standby operation modes.

VDD

IS25LQ040B-JNLE

U17

CE1

SO/IO12

WP/IO23

GN

D4

SI/IO05

SCK6

HOLD/IO37

VCC

8

SPI_MOSI

VDD

SPI_MISO

R145

10.0K

SPI_CK

C640.1UF

SPI_CS

Figure 7. 512 KB SPI flash control

4.2.5 GPRS module interfaceThe expansion headers J6 and J7 (see Figure 8) are used to interface the power meter to the GPRS modules. Currently, theysupport only the WM620 based GPRS module (see Figure 9). In the future, they will also support other types of modules, forexample, the 6 LowPAN LPR modules and so on. Header RFC4 provides the interconnection, while header RFC1 provides powersupply from the SMPS supply to the module itself. All of these modules accept supply voltage of 3.6 V or 5.0 V with a maximumcontinuous current of up to 2000 mA. Currently, these module connectors support below signals apart from power/ground pins:

• UART Tx, Rx data lines, RTS, CTS flow controls

• Low voltage 3.6 V, High voltage 5 V



• NIC enable pin to enable/disable GPRS module resident power supply

RF_RXD

NIC_PC

J6

HDR_2X5

1 23 4

657 89 10

RFV

VCC

RF_TXD

RF_RTS

J7

HDR_2X5

1 23 4

657 89 10

VCC

RF_CTS

VCC

Figure 8. GPRS control

Figure 9. Extension for the GPRS communication

4.2.6 IR interface (IEC62056-21)The power meter has a galvanically isolated optical communication port, as per IEC62056-21 so that it can be easily connectedto a common handheld meter-reading instrument for data exchange. The IR interface is driven by the UART. Power to the IRinterface is provided by VDD. The IR interface schematic part is shown in Figure 10.



R228 0

Q4TEFT4300

21

R571.0K

VDD

UART0_TXD

R60510

D12

TSAL4400

AC

R226 0

R227 0

VDD

LPUART0_TX

UART0_RXD

R229 0LPUART0_RX

Figure 10. IR control

Alternatively, this interface can be also used for waking up the meter (from the Power-down to the Standby mode)by an external optical probe. However, this feature has an impact on increasing the current consumption in bothoperation modes.

NOTE

4.2.7 Isolated RS-232 interfaceThis communication interface can be used primarily for real-time visualization using the FreeMASTER tool [6] or other means. Thecommunication is driven by the UART1 module of the MCU. The communication is optically isolated using the optocouplers U15and U16. As there is a fixed voltage level on these control lines generated by the PC, it is used to power the secondary side ofthe U15 optocoupler and the primary side of the U16 optocoupler. The communication interface, including the R87, R89, R142,R143, C53 components, are required to power the optocouplers from the transition control signals, is shown in Figure 11.



PC_RXD

PC_VCC

PC_VCC

TXD

R892.2K

U15

FOD817A

1

23

4

R1431K

D331N4148

AC

PC_TXD

PC_TXD

J2

HDR_1X4

1234

R87 1.0K

D34

1N4148

AC

+ C5310UFU16

FOD817A

1

2 3

4

VDD

RXD

R1421.50K

PC_RXD

VDD

Figure 11. RS-232 control

The J2 output connector is not bonded to the meter’s enclosure. Therefore, the described interface is primarily usedat the time of development (uncovered equipment).

NOTE

4.2.8 Relay driverRelays are present in smart meter to cutoff the load from source input. Two PMV90ENE N channel trench MOSFETs are usedto drive the relays that are connected through J3 placed at the meter PCB. Relays are driven by MCU GPIO pins configured asoutput. Relay connectors are shown in Figure 12.



RLY1_OFF

J3

HDR 1X3

123

R15947.0K

Q18PMV90ENE

1

2 3

D401N4007FL

AC

R16147.0K

+C72100UF

RLY1_ON D391N4007FL

AC

R160 1.0K

Q19PMV90ENE

1

2 3

R162

1.0K

RLY_PWR

Figure 12. Relay control

4.2.9 Magnetic tamperThere are two magnetic tamper sensors in the meter PCB. The first one is a hall-effect sensor which is used to sense any presenceof DC magnet near the meter. MCU interface is a GPIO pin input configuration. The second one is the 3D magnetic sensor andis not placed in the meter PCB and can be populated if required. This sensor is interfaced to MCU using I2C. Magnetic tampersense circuit is shown in Figure 13.

C66

0.1UF

R69100K

C44

0.1UF

VDD

VDDR14710.0K

C65

0.1UF

VDDVDD

VDD

SDA_MAG

R146

10.0K

TLV493D-A1B6

U20

SCL/INT1

SDA/ADDR6

VDD

4G

ND

_12

GN

D_2

3

GN

D_3

5

U19

AH180-WG

VDD1

GND2

OUT3

U5

AH180-WG

VDD1

GND2

OUT3 TAMP_MAG

SCL_MAG

Figure 13. Magnetic tamper sense circuit

4.2.10 Cover, module and terminal open tampersThere are options for 3 tampers detection in the meter PCB. Cover open tamper occurs when the cover of the meter is opened.MCU is signaled through tamper pin which is available in RTC battery power domain. The second one is the module open tamper



and is signaled when the GPRS module of the meter is removed or replaced. The third one is optional and called terminal opentamper and is detected when terminal of the meter is opened or closed. Tamper sense circuit is shown in Figure 14.

VBAT_AUX

TAMP_RF(Pg2)

R2221.0M

R231 0

SW5

PB_SWITCH

1

2

3

6

5

4

VDD

BAT54C

D38

3

1

2

C69

0.1UF

R230 0

RF open tamper

Cover open tamper R232 0

D62 BAT54HT1

DNP

A C

Terminal open tamper


VDD_SW

D61 BAT54HT1

DNP

A C

R156 100K

C70

0.1UF

C43

0.1UF

D63 BAT54HT1

DNP

A C

TAMP_COV(Pg2)

VBAT_AUX

SW4

PB_SWITCH

1

2

3

6

5

4

R1571.0M

R701.0M

RTC_BAT

TAMP_TERM

VBAT_AUX

SW3

PB_SWITCH

1

2

3

6

5

4

Figure 14. Tamper sense circuit

4.3 Analog circuitsAn excellent performance of the metering AFE, including external analog signal conditioning, is crucial for the power meterapplication. Due to the high dynamic range of the current measurement (typically 700:1) and the relatively low input signal range(from microvolts to several tens of millivolts), the phase current measurement is utmost critical. All analog circuits are describedin the following subsections.

4.3.1 Phase and neutral current measurementThe Kinetis-M three-phase power meter reference design is optimized for current transformers, but various Rogowski coils canalso be used. The only limitations are that the sensor output signal range must be within ±0.5 V peak and within the dimensionsof the enclosure. The interface of a current sensor to the MKM35Z512VLL7 device is very straightforward; a burden resistorfor current-to-voltage conversion and anti-aliasing low-pass filters attenuating signals with frequencies greater than the Nyquistfrequency must be populated on the board (see Figure 15). The cutoff frequency of the analog filters implemented on the boardis 72.3 kHz; such a filter has an attenuation of -33.3 dB at Nyquist frequency of 3.072 MHz. The burden resistor is a compositeformed by two resistors with the same value. The middle point of this is connected to ground.



C260.033uF

R27 220R_CT2

L5

1000OHM

1 2R_CT1

SDADM3

L6

1000OHM

1 2

SDADP3

R1306.8

R23 220

C250.033uF

R1296.8

Figure 15. Phase current signal conditioning circuit

In addition to phase current measurement, due to the need to identification of current related tampers, such as earth tamper, theneutral current is also measured with a current transformer sensor. The current transformer gives isolation to the MCU AFE circuitas the ground of the circuit is referenced from the mains phase voltage. The neutral current signal conditioning circuit is shownin Figure 16.

R48 220

R21810.0K

N_CT1

SDADM0

R1366.8

SDADP0

R52 220

L13

1000OHM

1 2

L14

1000OHM

1 2N_CT2

C330.033uF

C340.033uF

R1356.8

Figure 16. Neutral current signal conditioning circuit

4.3.2 Phase voltage measurementA simple voltage divider is used for the line voltage measurement. As phase voltage is high voltage so multiple resistors are usedto meet the total resistor requirement as well as meet resistor voltage and energy dissipation stress (see Figure 17). One half ofthis total resistor consists of R111, R112, R113, and R115, the second half consists of resistor R139 (channel 1), R116, R117,R118, R119, and R140 (channel 2) and R121, R122, R123, R124, and R141 (channel 3). The resistor values were selected toscale down the 424.2 V peak input line voltage to the 0.4964 V peak input signal range of the 16 bit SAR ADC. The SAR ADC inputis unipolar different to bipolar SD ADC inputs. Hence, an external bias voltage must be added. External bias voltage is derivedfrom the on-chip reference voltage (taken from the VREF pin) and the value is the half of reference voltage. The bias voltage isconnected to the voltage diver through resistors R139, R140, and R141. The anti-aliasing low-pass filter of the phase voltagemeasurement circuit is set to a cutoff frequency of 27.22 kHz. Such an anti-aliasing filter has an attenuation of -41.0 dB at Nyquistfrequency of 3.072 MHz.



R113

470K

R1392.20KR112

470K

R_PHR42 220R111

470K

R115

470K

L10

1000OHM

1 2

C300.047UF

R_PH_AD0

R_V

REF

/2

Figure 17. Phase voltages signal conditioning circuit

4.3.3 Half reference voltage generatorThe reference voltage half value is generated from internal voltage reference. Reference voltage 1.2 V is available on the VREFpin. This voltage is divided by two through the voltage divider R54 and R56. The half reference voltage is connected to the unitygain buffer where the optional filter capacity C39 is added. The unity gain buffer is a low cost and simple instrumentation amplifierU28 LMV324. A unity gain buffer is placed for phase voltage channel decoupling, therefore, the buffer works like an impedancetransformer. Figure 18 shows the schematic diagram of the half reference voltage generator.

VREF

VREF_CTRL

R_VREF/2

VREF_CTRL

C380.1UF

R5410K

VCC

B_VREF/2C570.1UF

Y_VREF/2

U28

LMV324IDR

OUT1

1IN-2

1IN+3

VCC+4

2IN+5

2IN-6

2OUT7

3OUT83IN-93IN+10GND114IN+124IN- 134OUT14

C56

0.1UF

R5610K

VREF_CTRLC58

0.1UF

C390.1UF

C550.1UF

Figure 18. Half reference voltage level generator

4.3.4 Zero crossing circuit connectionInternal comparator of MKM35Z512VLL7 is used for zero crossing detection. MKM35Z512VLL7 MCU has 3 high-speed analogcomparator with an integrated 6-bit DAC and analog mux. To optimize external circuit and reduce component count, same ADCpin used for phase voltage sensing can configure to positive or negative pin of internal comparator.

5 Software designThis section describes the software application of the MKM35Z512 three-phase power meter reference design. The softwareapplication consists of measurement, calculation, calibration, user interface, and communication tasks.

5.1 Block diagramThe application software is written in the C language and compiled using the IAR® Embedded Workbench for Arm (version 7.50.1),with high optimization for execution speed. The software application is based on the MKM35Z512 bare-metal software drivers [5]and the RMS and power converter-based metering algorithm library.

NXP SemiconductorsSoftware design


The software transitions between operating modes, calculates all metering quantities, controls the active and reactive energypulse output, controls the LCD, stores and retrieves parameters from the NVMs, and enables application monitoring and control.The application monitoring and control is performed using local IR interface and a remote GPRS communication interface.

Figure 19 shows the software architecture of the power meter, including interactions of the software peripheral drivers andapplication libraries with the application kernel. All tasks executed by the MKM35Z512 three-phase power meter software arebriefly explained in the following subsections.

IR Interface(IEC82068-21)

UART0Driver

Customizablecommand interface

UART1Driver

UART3Driver

Phase-Locked Loop(PLL) Driver

Frequency-LockedLoop (PLL) Driver

GPIO and PORTDrivers

Reset ControllerModule (RCM) Driver

Low Power Timer(LPTMR) Driver

Non-volatile Memory(NVM) Driver EEPROM DriverSPI1 Driver

Parameter Sorage

I526LQ04-JNLE512 KB SPI flash

M24M02268 KB I2C EEPROM

I2C1 DriverFlash 2 KB sector(0x13400-0x13FFF)

GPRS driver

Independant R881Time Clock (IRTC)

Driver

Communications

Clock Management

Isolated R8232Interface

8 x 16 Segment LCDDisplay

Segment LCDController Driver

Applicationtasks


Calibration Task(event triggered execution)

Operating Mode Control(executes after each POR)

Data Processing(executes periodically)

Tamper monitoring(event triggered execution)

HMI Control(execute periodically)

Calculation Billing andNon-billing Quantities(executes periodically)

Communication Tasks(event triggered execution)

Parameter ManagementTasks

(event triggered execution)

PUSH button

GPRS moduleInterface

32.788 kHzExternal Crystal

Tampers interface

Bare-metal drivers Libraries Application SW

ApplicationReset

Tampering

System ModeController (SMC)

Driver

Power ManagementController (PMC)

Driver

Power Management

System IntegrationModule (SIM) Driver

Voltage Reference(VREF) Driver

Watchdog (WDOG)Driver

Low LeakageWakeup (LLWU)

Driver

Device Initialization and Security

Analogue Front-End(AFE) and SAR ADC

Drivers

Phase Voltage andCurrents Signal

Conditioning Circuit

Low power real timeMetering Library

Peripheral Crossbar(XBAR) Driver

Analog Measurements and Energy Calculations

High-SpeedComparator (CMP)

Drivers

Quad Timer (TMR)Driver


kWh and kVARhLEDs

Quad Timer (TMR)Driver

Phase Voltage Frequency Measurement

Pulse Output Generation

HMI

Figure 19. Software architecture

5.2 Software tasksThe software tasks are part of the application. They are driven by events (interrupts) generated either by the on-chip peripheralsor the application tasks. The list of all tasks, trigger events, and calling periods is summarized in the following table:



Table 2. List of software tasks

Task name Description Source file(s) Function(s) name Trigger sourceIRQ

priority

Calling

period

Operatingmode control

Controlstransitioning

betweenpower meter

operating modes

IOControls.c

IOControls.hAppGPIOInit device reset – after every

device reset

HMI control

Updates LCD UserInterface.c Display QTMR interrupt Level 3(lowest) periodic 1 sec

Reads userbutton state Timer.c GPTimerEventHa

ndler QTMR interrupt Level 3(lowest)

asynchronous

Dataprocessing

Reads digital valuesfrom the SAR ADC

libmeterliblprt_cmp0p.a,

meterlprtlib_cm0p_iar.a,

meterlprtlib_cm0p_mdk.lib,

MeteringISR.c,

MeteringLPRT.h

SARADCCallbackSAR ADC

CH0,1,2 conversioncomplete IRQ

Level 1 periodic166.67 μs

Calculation Zero-cross detection MeteringISR.c TMR2callback

QTMR interrupt(CMP2 o/p triggering

QTMR through XBAR)Level 2 periodic 20

msec (50 Hz)

CalculationCalculation

billing and non-billing quantities

libmeterliblprt_cmp0p.a,



MeteringLPRT.h

DoMetering3Ph – – Periodic 1 sec

Pulsegeneration

LEDsdynamic pulse

output generationMeteringISR.c DoPulsing3Ph LPTMR0 compare flag

Level 0

(highest)

Periodicevery 1 msec

Tampermonitoring

Readstampers state

RTCDriver.c,

RTCDriver.hRTCEventHandler TAMPER1 active high,

TAMPER2 both edgesLevel 3(lowest)

asynchronous

Power metercalibration

Performs powermeter calibration

libmeterliblprt_cmp0p.a, DoCalibration3Ph UART interface – Command

through




Table 2. List of software tasks (continued)

Task name Description Source file(s) Function(s) name Trigger sourceIRQ

priority

Calling

period



Calibration3Ph.h

UARTinterface

Parametermanagement

Reads parametersfrom the Flashand from the

external EEPROMMeteringRunIni

t.c,

Calibration3Ph.h

InitCalibration device reset – after everydevice reset

Writes parametersto the Flashand to the

external EEPROM

UpdateFlashCalib,ReadVerifyFlashC

alib,ReadVerifyCalib

after successfulcalibration, controlled

by user, orswitching off

– asynchronous

1. A special load point must be applied by the test equipment

5.2.1 Power meter calibrationThe power meter is calibrated using a special test equipment. The calibration task runs whenever a power meter is connected tothe mains and a calibration command is triggered through IR communication interface. Calibration is done on fix point of voltage(240 Vac), current (10 A) and power factor (0.5L, 60 degree phase angle). The running calibration task measures the phasevoltage and phase current signals generated by the test equipment, and it expects 240 V phase voltage and 10.0 A phase currentwaveforms with a 60 degree phase shift (lag). The voltage and current signals must be the first harmonic (fundamental) only. Allthese values should be precise and stable during the calibration itself; the final precision of the power meter strongly depends onit. If the calibration task detects such a load point, then the calibration task calculates the calibration gains and phase shift usingthe following equations:

gainU = 240.0/URMS Eq. 5-1

gainI = 10.0/IRMS Eq. 5-2

θ = 60ο - tan-1 (Q/P) Eq. 5-3

where:

gainU and gainI are calibrated gains

θ is the calculated phase shift caused by the parasitic inductance of the shunt resistor or current transformer

URMS, IRMS, P, Q are quantities measured by the non-calibrated meter

The calibration task terminates by storing the calibration gains and phase shifts into two non-volatile memories; the internal Flashmemory and the external EEPROM memory (backup storage). The recalibration of the power meter can be reinitiated later also.For more details on the calibration process, see AN12827.



https://www.nxp.com/docs/en/application-note/AN12827.pdf

5.2.2 Operating mode controlThe transitioning of the power meter electronics between the operating modes helps to maintain a long battery lifetime. The powermeter software application supports the following operating modes:

• Normal: Electricity is supplied and the power meter is fully functional

• Standby: Electricity is disconnected. And, you can list through the menus and also can communicate with the meter usingIR interface

• Power-down: Electricity is disconnected with no user interaction

Figure 20 shows the transitioning between the supported operating modes. After the battery or the mains is connected, the powermeter transitions to the Device Reset state. If mains is applied, hardware generates MAINS_ON signal which is connected to MCUGPIO pin. Status change in MAINS_ON pin trigger the software application to enter into the Normal mode operation. In Normalmode all software tasks including calibration, measurements, calculations, HMI control, parameter storage, pulse generation,tamper management, and communication, are executed. In this mode, the MKM35Z512VLL7 device runs in the RUN mode.The system core and Flash clock frequency are generated by the frequency-locked loop (FLL), and it is 23.986 MHz. The AFEclock frequency is generated by the phase-locked loop (PLL), and it is 12.288 MHz. The power meter electronics consume 11.0mA in the Normal mode.

Stand-By Mode

Device Reset

Device Switched

OFF

Power-down Mode

electricity applied

electricity disconnected or user button pressed

Normal Mode

electricity applied

electricity disconnected

Inserted battery or electricity

applied

battery removed and electricity disconnected

Cover & GPRS Module closed,electricity

disconnected and 20 seconds timeout elapsed

Cover/GPRS Module open,electricity

disconnected and 20 seconds timeout elapsed

electricity applied or

user buttonpressed

pressing user button refreshes

20 seconds

battery supply present

Cover & GPRS Module closed,electricity

disconnected Cover & GPRS Module open,electricity

disconnected

Figure 20. Operating modes

If mains is not applied, then the software application enters the Switched OFF state. Once the mains is applied, meter entersin Normal mode. As soon as electricity is disconnected, meter switches back to Switched OFF mode provided meter cover andGPRS module is kept inserted in the meter. If either of those are open, then the meter enters in Power-down mode when theelectricity is disconnected and if a battery is connected to the meter. If user button is pressed, the software then enters the standbymode. This mode transitions between the Normal mode and the Switched-off mode with a duration of only 20 seconds refreshtimeout. The power meter runs from the battery during standby mode, and in this mode user can list through the menus andcan also download meter billing and non-billing quantities through IR interface only. In this mode, the MKM35Z512VLL7 devicefunctions in the RUN mode with much reduced MCU clock to save power. The system clock frequency is scaled down to 2MHz from the 4 MHz internal relaxation oscillator. Because of the slow clock frequency, the limited number of enabled on-chipperipherals, the power consumption of the power meter electronics is approximately 2.2 mA.

When the power meter runs from the battery (standby mode) but user does not list through the menus, then the softwaretransitions automatically to the Switched OFF mode. The MKM35Z512VLL7 device is forced to enter the Very Low Leakage Stop



2 (VLLS2) mode, where the recovery can be triggered by pressing the user button or applying the mains. The Power-down modeis characterized by a battery current consumption of 12 μA.

5.2.3 Data processingReading all the phases and neutral currents samples from the analog front end (AFE) and all the phases voltages fromSAR ADC periodically every 166.67 μsec. This task runs on the high priority level. AFE runs continuous conversion modeasynchronously and SAR ADC is configured in trigger conversion mode. Each AFE (assigned for taking current samples)triggered its corresponding SAR ADC channels to take voltage sample of respective phases at same time AFE sample conversioncompletes. Both current samples (AFE result register) and voltage samples (SAR ADC result register) of respective phases isbeen collected in buffers at respective SAR ADC conversion complete interrupt. Calculation task is been initiated once requirednumber of samples of voltages and currents is been stored in buffer.

Each phase current sample from AFE and each phase voltage from SAR ADC are taken continuously at a constantrate of 6000 samples per second. This can be achieved by setting AFE modulator clock and over sampling ratio(OSR) accordingly for example, in low-power AFE mode, setting AFE modulator clock to 768 KHz and OSR to 256.Although in normal AFE mode, higher modulator clock and OSR value can be set to achieve desired sample rate.

NOTE

5.2.4 CalculationsThis separate task monitors the mains zero-crossings, which is used to calculate frequency in the timer handler callback functionitself. Apart from that, the main calculation process computes both the billing (energies) and the non-billing quantities. This is doneperiodically at the end of every one second.

At this time, all circle buffers are filled up with the AFE and SAR ADC results. Firstly, the calculation task performs theDoMetering3Ph which calculates all instantaneous parameters of all phases including Vrms, Irms, Phase angle, and Powers.This calculation process uses the calibration gains obtained during the calibration stage (see Power meter calibration).DoCalibration3Ph function is used to do calibration of the meter depending on a user command received through IRcommunication interface.

Finally, the billing quantities is computed and the energy LED pulsing is done by another independent task DoPulsing3Ph.

5.2.5 HMI controlThe Human Machine Interface (HMI) control task executes continuously for LCD display and pushbutton events. Using shortkeypress, the LCD parameters can be scrolled through a pre-defined list of billing and non-billing parameters. But after pressingthe key for a longer duration once, the display mode can be changed to High resolution mode where subsequent short durationkeypresses display billing and non-billing parameters with higher resolutions. The display mode reverts back to regular resolutionmode after a predefined time is elapsed.

5.2.6 Main loop processingMain loop of the application software runs all the tasks like Data processing, checking and storing tamper/events, communicationtasks, checking for power mode change, reads the real-time clock and refreshes the watchdog. The interaction with the user ismade through an asynchronous event, which occurs when the user button is pressed. By pressing the user button, you are ableto scroll through the menus and display all measured and calculated quantities (see Figure 22).

5.2.7 Tamper monitoringThere are two hidden mechanical pushbuttons. One button is used for the main cover opening detection, and the second buttonis used for the GPRS module removal or insertion detection. There is an optional third pushbutton to detect the terminal coveropening. By default, this pushbutton is not populated on meter PCB. These asynchronous events are read as the IRTC interrupt,those are stored in the memory, and shown on the LCD continuously. The other tampers which are monitored are magnetic tamperand few other electrical tamper conditions the detection logic of which are beyond the scope of this document.



5.2.8 IR port communicationIR port communication is done as part of Communication task. A proprietary set of communication commands has been utilized tocommunicate with the meter for few tasks for example calibration of the meter, reading billing and non-billing quantities, readingor setting meter clock etc. UART0 has been used for this interface.

5.2.9 GPRS port communicationGPRS module communication is done as part of Communication task. GPRS module is connected through UART3 of the MCU.The application software utilizes AT command interface to communicate with the GPRS mode. The communication protocol forremote communication through GPRS is beyond the scope of this document. GPRS communication enables AMI (or AMR) meterreading from remote location.

5.2.10 Parameter managementThe current software application uses 2048 byte sector of the internal MKM35Z512VLL7 Flash memory for parameter storage.There is also an external 256 KB EPROM memory used for the same purpose, but as a backup storage (optional only). By default,the parameters are written after a successful calibration, and they are read after each device reset. The main purpose for usingthese non-volatile memories like EEPROM is to save all the other meter parameters. Storing and reading of parameters can alsobe initiated through the IR or GPRS communication interface using proprietary tool or protocol specific standard tools used bypower meter OEMs or utilities.

5.3 PerformanceTable 3 shows the memory requirements of the MKM35Z512 three-phase power meter software application[1].

Table 3. Memory requirements

Function DescriptionFlash size

[KB]

RAM size

[KB]

Application framework Complete application without all libraries and communication 44.214 4.174

Low-power real timemetering library Low-power real time metering algorithm library 6.037 2.262

EEPROM driver EEPROM driver 1.1202 0.0136

Proprietary communication Proprietary protocol and serial communication driver 6.182 1.334

Grand total 57.564 7.784

The device system clock is generated by the FLL (except for the AFE clock). In the Normal operating mode, the FLL multiplies theclock of an external 32.768 kHz crystal by a factor of 732, hence generating a low-jitter system clock with a frequency of 23.986176MHz. Such system clock frequency is sufficient for executing a fully functional software application.

6 Application setupFigure 21 shows the wiring diagram of the MKM35Z512 three-phase power meter.

Registering the active and reactive energy consumed by an external load is among the main capabilities of the power meter. Whenuser connects the power meter to the mains or when user press the user button, the power meter transitions from the Power-downmode to either the Normal mode or the Standby mode, depends up on mains present or absent. In the Normal and Standby modes,

[1] Application is compiled using the IAR Embedded Workbench for Arm, with high optimization for execution speed.

NXP SemiconductorsApplication setup


the LCD is turned on, and it shows the last calculated quantity. List through the menus and display other quantities by pressingthe user button. All configuration and informative quantities accessible through the LCD are summarized in Table 4.

Figure 21. MKM35Z512 three-phase power meter wiring diagram

Table 4. The LCD menu item list

Value Unit Format Auxiliary symbols

Line voltage VRMS ###.## V

Phase line current ARMS ###.## A

Neutral line current ARMS ###.## A

Signed active power P W #.## (+ forward, – reverse) W

Signed reactive power Q VAr #.## (+ lag, – lead) VA, r

Apparent power S VA #.## VA

Power factor – #.### PF

Frequency Hz #.### Hz


NXP SemiconductorsApplication setup


Table 4. The LCD menu item list (continued)

Value Unit Format Auxiliary symbols

Date – DD:MM:YY –

Time – HH:MM:SS –

Meter serial number – ######## –

Figure 22 shows the values and special symbols on the power meter display. This figure displays the following display parameters– line voltage, phase current, cumulative active energy, date, time, all segment ON.

Figure 22. MKM35Z512 three-phase smart power meter display

The active energy LED flash simultaneously with the internal energy counters during the Normal operation mode. The activeenergy LED is the sum of both active energies (imported and exported). All these active and reactive energy counters areperiodically saved every 3 minutes into the external EEPROM memory (backup storage). These energy quantities remain in thememory after resetting the power meter.

7 Accuracy and performanceThe MKM35Z512 three-phase reference designs are fully calibrated using the test equipment ST6300V2. All power meters weretested according to the IS14697 class 0.5 (0.5 %) Indian standards for electronic meters.

During the calibration and testing process, the power meter measured electrical quantities generated by the test bench ST6300V2,calculated the active energy, and generated pulses on the output LED; each generated pulse was equal to the active energyamount in kWh/ imp. The deviations between the pulses generated by the power meter and the reference pulses generated bythe test equipment defined the measurement accuracy.

Figure 23 shows the accuracy plot of NXP MKM35Z512 three-phase smart power meter. The figure indicates the results of thepower meter accuracy performed at 25°C. The accuracy of the measurement for various phase currents, various phase voltages,various frequency values and the angles between phase current and phase voltage, are shown in the graph.

The graph (on the top) indicates the accuracy of the active energy measurement after calibration. The x-axis shows thevariation of the phase current, and the y-axis denotes the average accuracy of the power meter, computed from five successivemeasurements. The two bold red lines define the Class 0.5 (IS14697) accuracy margins for active energy measurement for powerfactor 1 for this test.

The second graph shows the accuracy of the active energy after calibration. The x-axis shows the variation of the phase voltage,and the y-axis denotes the average accuracy of the power meter, computed from five successive measurements. The two boldred lines define the Class 0.5 (IS14697) accuracy margins for active energy measurement for power factor 1 for this test.

The third graph shows the accuracy of the active energy after calibration. The x-axis shows the variation of the frequency, and they-axis denotes the average accuracy of the power meter, computed from five successive measurements. The two bold red linesdefine the Class 0.5 (IS14697) accuracy margins for active energy measurement for power factor 1 for this test.

NXP SemiconductorsAccuracy and performance


By analyzing the protocols of several MKM35Z512 three-phase power meters, this equipment measures active and reactiveenergies at all power factors, at 25°C ambient temperature, and in the current range of 0.1 – 90 A, with the accuracy range of±0.25 %.

CAUTION:

Even though the current range of the power meter is scaled to 90 A, it is not recommended to operate the power meter in the 60– 90 A range for a longer time period, due to heating of the single turn primary winding of current transformer.



In (A)0 6030 40 502010

-0.4

0

0.4

0.2

-0.2

-0.6

0.6

0.8

+ ERR(%) Limit PF=1

ERR(%)

-0.8

- ERR(%) LimitPF=0.5(L) PF=0.8(C) PF=0.25(L) PF=0.5(C)

Voltage (V)140 300220 260 280200160 240180

-0.2

0

0.2

0.1

-0.1

-0.3

-0.4

0.3

0.4

0.5

+ ERR(%) Limit PF=1

ERR(%)

-0.5

PF=0.5(L) PF=0.5(L) PF=0.8(L) - ERR(%) Limit

frequency (Hz)43 5751 554945 5347

-0.2

0

0.2

0.1

-0.1

-0.3

-0.4

0.3

0.4

0.5

+ ERR(%) Limit PF=1

ERR(%)

-0.5

PF=0.5(L) PF=0.8(C) - ERR(%) Limit

Figure 23. Accuracy results at 25°C



8 SummaryThis design reference manual describes a solution for a three-phase smart electronic power meter, based on theMKM35Z512VLL7 MCU.

NXP offers Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Filter-based and low-power and real time-based metering algorithms for use in customerapplications. The FFT based metering algorithm calculates the metering quantities in the frequency domain, the latter two doesthe same in the time domain. This reference manual explains the basic theory of power metering, and lists all the equations to becalculated by the power meter.

The hardware platform of the power meter is algorithm-independent, so the application firmware can leverage any type of meteringalgorithm, based on customer preference. To extend the power meter uses, the hardware platform comprises either 256 KBEEPROM for data storage and firmware upgrade and also an optional 512 KB SPI Flash for firmware upgrade, and an expansionheader for GPRS module for AMI communication and monitoring.

The application software is written in the C language, and compiled using MCUXpresso, IAR Embedded Workbench for Armand Keil tool chains, with optimization for the execution speed. It is based on the MKM35Z512 SDK driver software drivers andthe Low-Power Real-Time (LPRT) metering library as default. The application firmware calibrates the power meter through IRcommand, calculates all metering quantities, controls active energy pulse output and the LCD, stores and retrieves parametersfrom the Flash and EEPROM memory. The application software of such complexity requires approximately 58 KB of Flash and 8KB of RAM. The system clock frequency of the MKM35Z512VLL7 device must be 24.576 MHz (or higher) to calculate all meteringquantities with an update rate of 6 kHz(the sample rate).

The power meter is designed to transition between three operating modes. It runs in the Normal mode when it is powered fromthe mains. In this mode, the meter electronics consume 11.0 mA. The Standby mode is entered when the power meter runs fromthe battery and the user lists through the menus. In this particular mode, the 3.6 V Li-SOCI2 (1.2 Ah) battery is being dischargedby 2.2 mA as it also measures currents current channels. When the power meter runs from the battery but no interaction with theuser occurs, the power meter electronics automatically transition to the Switched OFF mode.

The application software enables you to monitor the measured and calculated quantities through the proprietary applicationrunning on your PC. The IR communication interface is used for such communication. Another very important means of AMI (orAMR) communication is through GPRS communication module.

The MKM35Z512 three-phase smart power meters were tested according to the IS14697 Indian standard for static watt-hourmeters for Class 0.5 accuracy. After analyzing several power meters, we can state that this smart power meter measures activeenergies at all power factors, at 25°C ambient temperature, in the current range of 0.1 – 72 A, with an accuracy range of ±0.25 %.

9 Metering board electronicsThree-phase power meter hardware schematic is shown in this section. schematic has four major sections: MCU, Analog sensing,user interface, and power supply.

NXP SemiconductorsSummary


C90.1uF

LCD_6(Pg4)

DOWN_SCROLL(Pg4)

RLY1_ON(Pg2)

LCD_20(Pg4)

VDD

A

VCAP

2

VDD

RF_RTS(Pg4)

TAMP_RF (Pg4)

R234

10K

XTAL32K

Debugger Connector

SPI_CS(Pg4)

C190.1uF

VDD

LCD_0(Pg4)

VDD

TVS3

CDDFN2-T3.3LC

12

SAR

_VD

DA

LCD_5(Pg4)

SCL_MAG(Pg4)

RLY1_OFF(Pg2)

Drawing Title:

Size Document Number Rev

Date: Sheet of

Page Title:

Designer:

Drawn by:

Approved:

Microcontroller Solutions Group6501 William Cannon Drive WestAustin, TX 78735-8598

This document contains information proprietary to NXP and shall not be used for engineering design, procurement or manufacture in whole or in part without the express written permission of NXP Semiconductors.

Classification:NXP SEMICONDUCTORS©

<Doc> 1.1

PKM35Z512VLL7_3PHSM

C

Wednesday, September 29, 2021

01_MCU

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Kamil & Biswanath

Banwari lal

2 5

<PUBI><FIUO><FCP>

VREFL

VLL1

C544.7uF

SDADP1 (Pg3)

LCD_1(Pg4)

RLY1_OFF(Pg2)

VDD2

J3

HDR 1X3

123

SDADM3 (Pg3)

C70.1uF

SPI_MISO(Pg4)

Note: R,Y,B phase ADC inputs should be alsoconnected to CMP input seperately for KM3xZ128 MCUs.For KM3xZ256/KM35Z512 other ADC pins might not provide CMP support. Check in Reference Manual.

LCD_10(Pg4)

LATCH(Pg5)

C60.1uF

TXD(Pg4)

LCD_19(Pg4)

TAMP_MAG(Pg4)

VCAP2

EXTAL32K

TVS6

CD

DFN

2-T3

.3LC1

2

RESET

LCD_2(Pg4)

C521.0UF

LCD_16(Pg4)

VDD

C210nF

VLL1

VBAT

LCD_22(Pg4)

R15947.0K

SDADM0 (Pg3)

SPI_MOSI(Pg4)

LCD_9(Pg4)

Q18PMV90ENE

1

2 3

RXD(Pg4)

VREF

H

LCD_21(Pg4)

VLL3

D401N4007FL

AC

Relay drive

NIC_PC(Pg4)

VDD1

RF_CTS(Pg4)

LCD_14(Pg4)

SWD_IO

TP3

Y1AB26T-32.768KHZ

12

SDADM2 (Pg3)

VLL3

TP2

LCD_8(Pg4)

VREF_CTRL(Pg3)

kWh_LED(Pg4)

TP1

J1

HDR 1X5

12345

R208

0

VLL2

R16147.0K

I2C1_SCL(Pg4)

+C72100UF

TVS1

CD

DFN

2-T3

.3LC1

2

SAR_VDDA

RF_RXD(Pg4)

LCD_13(Pg4)

LCD_18(Pg4)

RLY1_ON(Pg2)

SDADP2 (Pg3)

VDD

1

SDADP3 (Pg3)

RESET

LCD_7(Pg4)

SDADM1 (Pg3)

kVArh_LED(Pg4)

C80.1uF

GPIO_NC2(Pg4)

VREF (Pg3)

R233100K

DNP

Decoupling Capacitors

I2C1_SDA(Pg4)

C100.1uF

D391N4007FL

AC

LCD_12(Pg4)

RTC_BAT

RF_TXD(Pg4)

EXTAL32K

VDD

VREF

L

TVS2

CD

DFN

2-T3

.3LC1

2

UP_SCROLL(Pg4,5)

R160 1.0K

GPIO_NC1(Pg4)

LCD BIAS and charge pump capacitors

C40.1uF

R110.0K

VDDSWD_CLK

VDD

LCD_11(Pg4)

R_PH_AD0(Pg3)

C110.1uF

VDDA

UART0_TXD(Pg4)

32.768K crystal

LPUART0_TX(Pg4)VCAP1

C10.1uF

LCD_15(Pg4) XTAL32K

VCAP

1

LCD_4(Pg4)

B_PH_AD2(Pg3)

LCD_17(Pg4)

VDD

2

Q19PMV90ENE

1

2 3

SWD_IO

R162

1.0K

MKM35Z512VLL7

U21

PTA0/LLWU_P16/LCD_P231

PTA1/LCD_P242

PTA2/LCD_P253

PTA3/LCD_P264

PTA4/LLWU_P15/NMI/LCD_P275

PTA5/CMP0_OUT/LCD_P286

PTA6/LLWU_P14/XBAR0_IN0/LCD_P297

PTA7/XBAR0_OUT0/LCD_P308

PTB0/LCD_P319

PTB1/LLWU_P17/LCD_P3212

PTB2/LCD_P33/SPI2_PCS013

PTB3/LCD_P34/SPI2_SCK14

PTB4/LCD_P35/SPI2_MISO15

PTB5/LCD_P36/SPI2_MOSI16

PTB6/LCD_P37/CMP1_IN017

PTB7/LCD_P38/AFE_CLK18

PTC0/LCD_P39/UART3_RTS/XBAR0_IN1/PDB0_EXTRG19

PTC1/LCD_P40/CMP1_IN1/UART3_CTS20

PTC2/LCD_P41/UART3_TX/XBAR0_OUT121

PTC3/LLWU_P13/LCD_P42/CMP0_IN3/UART3_RX22

PTC4/LCD_P4323

PTC5/LLWU_P12/ADC0_SE0/CMP2_IN0/UART0_RTS/LPTMR1_ALT144

PTC6/ADC0_SE1/CMP2_IN1/UART0_CTS/QTMR0_TMR1/PDB0_EXTRG45

PTC7/ADC0_SE2/CMP2_IN2/UART0_TX/XBAR0_OUT246

PTD0/LLWU_P11/CMP0_IN0/UART0_RX/XBAR0_IN247

PTD1/UART1_TX/SPI0_PCS0/XBAR0_OUT3/QTMR0_TMR348

PTD2/LLWU_P10/CMP0_IN1/UART1_RX/SPI0_SCK/XBAR0_IN349

PTD3/UART1_CTS/SPI0_MOSI/LPTMR1_ALT250

PTD4/LLWU_P9/ADC0_SE3/UART1_RTS/SPI0_MISO/LPTMR1_ALT351

PTD5/ADC0_SE4A/LPTMR0_ALT3/QTMR0_TMR0/UART3_CTS52

PTD6/LLWU_P8/ADC0_SE5A/LPTMR0_ALT2/CMP1_OUT/UART3_RTS53

PTD7/LLWU_P7/CMP0_IN4/I2C0_SCL/XBAR0_IN4/UART3_RX54

PTE0/I2C0_SDA/XBAR0_OUT4/UART3_TX/CLKOUT55

PTE1/RESET56

PTE2/EXTAL0/EWM_IN/XBAR0_IN6/I2C1_SDA57

PTE4/LPTMR0_ALT1/UART2_CTS/EWM_IN63

PTE5/LLWU_P6/QTMR0_TMR3/UART2_RTS/EWM_OUT64

PTE6/LLWU_P5/CMP0_IN2/XBAR0_IN5/UART2_RX/I2C0_SCL/SWD_DIO65

PTE7/ADC0_SE6A/XBAR0_OUT5/UART2_TX/I2C0_SDA/SWD_CLK66

PTF0/LLWU_P4/ADC0_SE7A/CMP2_IN3/RTC_CLKOUT/QTMR0_TMR2/CMP0_OUT67

PTF1/LCD_P0/ADC0_SE8/CMP2_IN4/QTMR0_TMR0/XBAR0_OUT668

PTF2/LCD_P1/ADC0_SE9/CMP2_IN5/CMP1_OUT/RTC_CLKOUT69

PTF3/LLWU_P20/LCD_P2/SPI1_PCS0/LPTMR0_ALT2/UART0_RX70

PTF4/LCD_P3/SPI1_SCK/LPTMR0_ALT1/UART0_TX71

PTF5/LCD_P4/SPI1_MISO/I2C1_SCL72

PTF6/LLWU_P3/LCD_P5/SPI1_MOSI/I2C1_SDA73

PTF7/LCD_P6/QTMR0_TMR2/CLKOUT/CMP2_OUT74

PTG0/LCD_P7/QTMR0_TMR1/LPTMR0_ALT375

PTG1/LLWU_P2/LCD_P8/ADC0_SE10/LPTMR0_ALT176

PTG2/LLWU_P1/LCD_P9/ADC0_SE11/SPI0_PCS077

PTG3/LCD_P10/SPI0_SCK/I2C0_SCL78

PTG4/LCD_P11/SPI0_MOSI/I2C0_SDA79

PTG5/LCD_P12/SPI0_MISO/LPTMR0_ALT280

PTG6/LLWU_P0/LCD_P13/LPTMR0_ALT381

PTG7/LCD_P14/LPTMR1_ALT182

PTH0/LCD_P15/LPUART0_CTS83

PTH1/LCD_P16/LPUART0_RTS84

PTH2/LCD_P17/LPUART0_RX85

PTH3/LCD_P18/LPUART0_TX86

PTH4/LCD_P19/LPTMR1_ALT287

PTH5/LCD_P20/LPTMR1_ALT388

PTH6/UART1_CTS/SPI1_PCS0/XBAR0_IN789

PTH7/UART1_RTS/SPI1_SCK/XBAR0_OUT790

PTI0/LLWU_P21/CMP0_IN5/UART1_RX/XBAR0_IN8/SPI1_MISO/SPI1_MOSI91

PTI1/UART1_TX/XBAR0_OUT8/SPI1_MOSI/SPI1_MISO92

PTI2/LLWU_P22/LCD_P21/LPUART0_RX93

PTI3/LCD_P22/LPUART0_TX/CMP2_OUT94

VDD

110

VDD

262

VSS1

11

VSS2

27

VSS3

59

VSS4

95

AFE_

VDD

A31

AFE_

VSSA

32

VDD

A61

VSSA

60

VREF

H37

VREF

L38

VBAT

24

VREF41

VCAP

1/LC

D_P

63/P

TM3

100

VCAP

2/LC

D_P

62/P

TM2

99

VLL1

/LC

D_P

61/P

TM1

98

VLL2

/LC

D_P

60/P

TM0

97

VLL3

96

XTAL3225

EXTAL3226

TAMPER030

TAMPER129

TAMPER228

AFE_SDADP033

AFE_SDADM034

AFE_SDADP135

AFE_SDADM136

AFE_SDADP2/CMP1_IN239

AFE_SDADM2/CMP1_IN340

AFE_SDADP3/CMP1_IN442

AFE_SDADM3/CMP1_IN543

PTE3/XTAL/EWMOUT/AFE_CLK/I2CL_SCL58

TAMP_TERM (Pg4)

VDD

RLY_PWR

SDA_MAG(Pg4)

C130.1uF

MAINS_ON(Pg5)

UART0_RXD(Pg4)

SDADP0 (Pg3)

LPUART0_RX(Pg4)

SPI_CK(Pg4)

VLL2

VREFH

TAMP_COV (Pg4)

Y_PH_AD1(Pg3)

SWD_CLK

LCD_3(Pg4)

Figure 24. Schematic diagram of the metering board - MCU

NXP SemiconductorsMetering board electronics


R118

470K

R43 220

L24

1000OHM

1 2

C260.033uF

R48 220

C310.033uF

B_PH(Pg5)

R113

470K

R1326.8

VREF(Pg2)

R27 220

VREF_CTRL (Pg2,3)

L8

1000OHM

1 2

R121

470K

R47 220

C280.033uF

Y_PH(Pg5)

R21810.0K

R1392.20K

R_VREF/2

N_CT1

R112

470K

C270.047UF

SDADM0 (Pg2)

R_PH(Pg5)

SDADM2 (Pg2)

R117

470K

Voltage inputs

R_CT2

R1366.8

B_CT1

VREF_CTRL(Pg2,3)

L5

1000OHM

1 2

L9

1000OHM

1 2

R1346.8

L7

1000OHM

1 2

Y_VR

EF/2

SDADP0 (Pg2)

SDADP2 (Pg2)

R_CT1

R124

470K

R52 220

Y_CT1

R22 220B_PH_AD2 (Pg2)

C320.033uF

R1336.8

R32 220

R42 220

SDADM3 (Pg2)

SDADM1 (Pg2)

L13

1000OHM

1 2

R1316.8

R116

470K

C380.1UF

L6

1000OHM

1 2

Current inputs

R111

470K

Vout= 0.495 @ 300VAC

SDADP3 (Pg2)

SDADP1 (Pg2)

Note: R218 provided as an option for Current sense through Shunt. DNP for CT.

Y_PH_AD1 (Pg2)

R5410K

L14

1000OHM

1 2N_CT2

R123

470K

VCC

C330.033uF

R1306.8

R1412.20K

B_VREF/2

C290.033uF

C570.1UF

Y_VREF/2

R115

470K

B_VR

EF/2

C340.033uF

L10

1000OHM

1 2

L11

1000OHM

1 2

B_CT2

U28

LMV324IDR

OUT1

1IN-2

1IN+3

VCC+4

2IN+5

2IN-6

2OUT7

3OUT83IN-93IN+10GND114IN+124IN- 134OUT14

R23 220

C56

0.1UF

R119

470K

R33 220

R5610K

VREF_CTRL(Pg2,3)

Vref/2

C580.1UF

Y_CT2

C300.047UF

Drawing Title:


Date: Sheet of

Page Title:

Designer:

Drawn by:

Approved:




<Doc> 1.1

PKM35Z512VLL7_3PHSM

C


02_Analog

Banwari lal

Kamil & Biswanath

Banwari lal

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<PUBI><FIUO><FCP>

N_SHUNT

R37 220

R122

470K

R1356.8

R1402.20K

R_PH_AD0 (Pg2)

CT=2500T

R_V

REF

/2

L12

1000OHM

1 2

C250.033uF

C240.047UF

L4

1000OHM

1 2

C390.1UF

C550.1UF

R1296.8

Figure 25. Schematic diagram of the metering board - Analog sensing



PC_RXD(Pg4)

C66

0.1UF

R66

10.0K

PC_VCC

LCD_22(Pg2)

UP_SCROLL (Pg2,5)

PC_VCC

R69100K

VDD

LCD_20(Pg2)

LCD_9(Pg2)

J9

HDR 1X2 TH

12

SPI_MISO(Pg2)

TXD(Pg2)

RF_RXD (Pg2)

DS1

HSA26785

COM11

COM22

COM33

COM44

COM55

COM66

COM77

COM88

T1/T2/T3/T4/T5/T6/T7/T89

T10/T11/T12/T13/T14/T15/T16/T1710

COL2/1D/1E/1C/1G/1F/1B/1A11

COL1/2D/2E/2C/2G/2F/2B/2A12

DP1/3D/3E/3C/3G/3F/3B/3A13

DP2/4D/4E/4C/4G/4F/4B/4A14

DP3/5D/5E/5C/5G/5F/5B/5A15

DP4/6D/6E/6C/6G/6F/6B/6A16

DP5/7D/7E/7C/7G/7F/7B/7A17

S7/8D/8E/8C/8G/8F/8B/8A18

T26/9D/9E/9C/9G/9F/9B/9A19

S9/10D/10E/10C/10G/10F/10B/10A20

T27/T25/T23/T22/T24/T21/T20/T1921

S8/S10/S11/S12/S13/S14/S15/S1622

S1/S6/S5/S4/S3/S2/T18/T923

I2C1_SCL(Pg2)

LCD_17(Pg2)

LCD_13(Pg2)

C620.1UF

MEMORY

VBAT_AUX

NIC CARD INTERFACE

R892.2K

U15

FOD817A

1

23

4

R1431K

TAMP_RF(Pg2)

LCD_21(Pg2)

LCD_10(Pg2)

SPI_CS(Pg2)

R2221.0M

kWh_LED (Pg2)

VCC

NIC_PC (Pg2)

R231 0

VDD

R64470K

R228 0

LCD_18(Pg2)

LCD_14(Pg2)

R62 1.5K

D331N4148

AC

Q4TEFT4300

21

C44

0.1UF

SW5

PB_SWITCH

1

2

3

6

5

4

VDD

PC_TXD(Pg4)

LCD_11(Pg2)

LCD_15(Pg2)

VDD

PC_TXD (Pg4)

I2C1_SDA(Pg2)

J6

HDR_2X5

1 23 4

657 89 10

J2

HDR_1X4

1234

BAT54C

D38

3

1

2

D14

L-53LID

A C

IS25LQ040B-JNLE

U17

CE1

SO/IO12

WP/IO23

GN

D4

SI/IO05

SCK6

HOLD/IO37

VCC

8

R571.0K

C69

0.1UF

R230 0

RFV

RF Open Tamper

VDD

LCD_12(Pg2)

Cover Open Tamper

SPI_MOSI(Pg2)

R63

10.0K

VDD

LCD_0(Pg2)

VDD

R87 1.0K

R232 0

R65470K

LCD

VDD

R14710.0K

D34

1N4148

AC

+ C5310UF

D62 BAT54HT1

DNP

A C

RFV

VCC

Terminal Open Tamper


U16

FOD817A

1

2 3

4

UART0_TXD(Pg2)

RF_TXD (Pg2)

Cover open and switches

C65

0.1UF

JP8

HDR 1X6

123456

VDDVDD

SPI_MOSI(Pg2)

LCD_6(Pg2)

VDD

R60510

VDD_SW

R61 1.5K

D12

TSAL4400

AC

RF_RTS (Pg2)

SPI_MISO(Pg2)

R145

10.0K

LCD_5(Pg2)

C420.1UF

VDD

J7

HDR_2X5

1 23 4

657 89 10

D61 BAT54HT1

DNP

A C

LCD_4(Pg2)

LCD_7(Pg2)

R226 0

LCD_16(Pg2)

R144 1.5K

VDD

R156 100K

C70

0.1UF

LCD_3(Pg2)

C43

0.1UF

VDDPush Button Switch

D63 BAT54HT1

DNP

A C

Drawing Title:


Date: Sheet of

Page Title:

Designer:

Drawn by:

Approved:




<Doc> 1.1

PKM35Z512VLL7_3PHSM

C

Tuesday, September 28, 2021

03_Digital

Banwari lal

Kamil & Biswanath

Banwari lal

4 5

<PUBI><FIUO><FCP>

M24M02-DR

U18

DU_11

DU_22E2

3

VSS

4

SDA5

SCL6

WC7

VCC

8

LCD_2(Pg2)

SDA_MAG (Pg2)

VDD

SW2

PTS645

12

34

R146

10.0KLCD_1(Pg2)

GPIO_NC2(Pg4)

SPI_CK(Pg2)

C640.1UF

TLV493D-A1B6

U20

SCL/INT1

SDA/ADDR6

VDD

4G

ND

_12

GN

D_2

3

GN

D_3

5

VCC

RF_CTS (Pg2)

R227 0

SPI_CS(Pg2)

RS232 COMM

TAMP_COV(Pg2)

VBAT_AUX

RXD(Pg2)

VCC

LED outputs

VCC

VDD

GPIO_NC1(Pg4)SPI_CK(Pg2)

R1421.50K

SW4

PB_SWITCH

1

2

3

6

5

4

LPUART0_TX(Pg4)

kVArh_LED (Pg2)

U19

AH180-WG

VDD1

GND2

OUT3

D11

L-53LID

A C

U5

AH180-WG

VDD1

GND2

OUT3

C410.1UF

DOWN_SCROLL (Pg2)

TAMP_MAG (Pg2)

R1571.0M

UART0_RXD(Pg2)

VDD

R701.0M

Push Button Switch

SCL_MAG (Pg2)

RTC_BAT

SW1PTS645

12

34

R229 0

Magnetic Field Tamper sensor

LCD_19(Pg2)

TAMP_TERM(Pg2)

LCD_8(Pg2)

LPUART0_RX(Pg4)

D15

L-53LID

A C

PC_RXD (Pg4)

IR interface

VDD

VBAT_AUX

SW3

PB_SWITCH

1

2

3

6

5

4

Figure 26. Schematic diagram of the metering board - user interface



C1000.22uF

Q16PMV100XPEAR

1

2 3

Drawing Title:


Date: Sheet of

Page Title:

Designer:

Drawn by:

Approved:




<Doc> 1.1

PKM35Z512VLL7_3PHSM

C


04_PWR Supply

Banwari lal

Kamil & Biswanath

Banwari lal

5 5

<PUBI><FIUO><FCP>

C941000PF

+ C7633uF

C950.022UF

+C851000uF

D461N4007

AC

D501N4007

AC

BT2

ER14250-VB

12

3

+C97

1000uF

L19 1.2mH

1 2

C93

0.1U

F

R235

0 DNP

BAT54C

D37

3

1

2

R18422

C752200PF

R19810K

RTC_BAT

C90

0.1U

F

R202

47

R187 22

VBAT_AUX

R_PH

DNP

C83

2200

PF

R153100K

R180

470K

Y_PH1

DNP

D52

1N4007A C

C681.0UF

B_PH2

DNP

RTC BATTERY POWER

Q17

BC817-40LT1G

23

1

In absence of Mains, Battery supply not required everytime. Battery supply required for MCU wakeup by UP_SCROLL push button or cover open.

MAINS_ON (Pg2)

+C9210uF

R15218K

TVS7

CD

DFN

2-T3

.3LC

12

D49

1N4007

A C

RFV

LATCH(Pg4)

R1911.0K

VBAT_AUX

R196 0

L25 1.2mH1 2

R18

83.

3K

C96 1000pF

T1

EE20

5

3

4

1 67

9

10

82

NEUT

DNP

R190470

BAT54C

D1

3

1

2

R2000

DNP

R211

47

3 PHASE SMPS POWER SUPPLY

R183470K

BAT54CD57

3

1

2

+C77

33uF

+C86

470uF

D45

MURS360T3G

A C

VDD

VDD_SW

D54 US1M

AC

C88

0.1U

F

R199

10K

C91

0.1U

F

R225

B72210S2511K101

12

R213 2.7K

D481N4007

AC

R19318K

U23VIPER267KDTR

GN

D1

NC_12

NC_23

NA4

VDD

5

NC_36

FB7

COMP8

NC_49

NC_510

NC_611

NC_712

DRAIN_113

DRAIN_214

DRAIN_315

DRAIN_416

+C80

10UF

U22

ST732M36RGND

1

VIN2

VOUT3

NC14

NC25

R1921.0K

R_PH(Pg3)

L1

1000OHM

12

R223B72210S2511K101

12

R201220K

R210 10 OHM

R204

47

+-

BT1

CR2032-PEN3

13 2

D53 1N4007

AC

R182470K

R151 10K

VDDL21

1000OHM

1 2

Y_PH(Pg3)

U27TL431AIDBZR

1 3

2

D56 MURS120T3A C

C89

0.1U

F

C820.047UF

D55US1M

AC

R174100k

UP_SCROLL(Pg4)

R102

0

R212 2.7K

D47

1N4007

A C

D51

1N4007

A CB_PH(Pg3)

C81

0.1U

F

RLY_PWR

+C87

470uF

D60

BAT54HT1

A C

U25

TLV809K33DBVR

RES

ET2

VDD

3

GN

D1

RLY_PWR

R209 10 OHM

R203

47R181

470K

Aux Battery Circuit

U24

FOD817A

1

23

4 R195

10K

DNP

C50.1uF

R19422K

R189

10K

R224

B72210S2511K101

12

VCC

L23

3.3uH

1 2

Figure 27. Schematic diagram of the metering board - power supply



GND

GND

SIM2

MOLEX-1042240820

sVCC1 RST2 CLK3

GND5NC6DATA7S1

4S2

899

1010

1111

1212

S_D

AT

R11K

+C20

100uf/25V

DCD

GP_TX

+C1922uF,25V

1

2

GND

5V

GN

D

MR

ST

C2

0.1u

f

C4

33pf

WM620/N52 Module - Antenna - USB

R13 100

L4

27nH

GND

GND

S_RST

GND

VMO

D

CON2

USB

12345

V_BUS

J2JMP

GNDS_VCC

GND

S_VC

C

GND

S_DET

SIM Interface

LED1LED

12

+C1810uF,25V

1

2

L227nH

+C16

10uf/25V

GND

GN

D

MC

UVC

C

C6

0.1u

f

GND

ANT

SuperCap

J5 JMP

C10

0.1u

f

RIN

G

C5

0.1u

f

V1_8

V

MCURX

UFL1MM9329-2700

1 2

34

C9

33pf

L52.2uH, 3A

J6 JMP

S_DAT

S_VCC

MOD1

WM620

GND1

NC2

NC3

NC4

NC5

NC6

NC7

NC8

NC9

NC10

NC11

GND12

UIM

_VC

C13

UIM

_RST

14

UIM

_DAT

A15

UIM

_CLK

16

GN

D17

USB

D+

18

USB

D-

19

V_BU

S20

GN

D21

VBAT

122

VBAT

223

GN

D24

RES

ET25

V_M

SME_

1.8V

26

V_M

SMP_

2.6V

27

EAR

_1P

28

EAR

_1N

29

MIC

_1N

30

MIC

_1P

31

ANT44

GND43

NC42

NC41

NC40

NC39

NC38

NC37

SPKR_N36

SPKR_P35

GND34

MIC_N33

NC

62

GN

D61

SLEE

P60

DC

D59

NC

58

NC

57

NC

56

TXD

55

RXD

54

RTS

53

CTS

52

RN

G51

GN

D50

HKA

INO

49

SIG

_LED

48

VCIO

N47

ON

_OFF

46

MIC2_P32

GN

D45

DC

D

MRST

MCUTX

J1JMP

SIG_LED

VMOD

C12

33pf

S_R

ST

R114K7

V1_8V

GN

D

S_VCC

GN

D

VMOD

D2PESD5V0S1BA

L127nH

S_DAT

GND

GN

D

S_RST

MCURX

V1_8

V

D4STPS3H100U

5V

C3

1nf

D3

PESD5V0S1BA

SIG

_LED

J3 JMP

R7560K

R3

10K

MCUTX

S_CLK

SDS

Q1BC817

23

1

GND

S_DAT

R104K7

USB

_D-

R15

DNP

R1210K

J4JMP

C13

33pf

R5

10K

SIG

_LED

+C1

470u

F/10

V

MC

UVC

C

N51 Module Control

GND

V_BUS

S_VCC

GND

R910K

GP_

RX

+C17

100uf/25V

R16

0R

GND

+C15

10uF,25V

1

2

USB_D+

MCUVCC

S_VCC

C11

33pf

D6

PMEG

3030

EP12

V1_8V

FRC2

FRC10

1 23 45 6

879 10

S_C

LK

R21K5

GND

CON1

PCB ANT

12

GND

S_CLK

V_BU

S

MCU Interface

J7JMP

Arrow Electronics India Pvt. Ltd.,

V1_8

V

GP_RX

R41K

+C235F/2.7V

SIM1

MOLEX-475532001sVCC

1 RST2 CLK3

GND5NC6DATA7S1

4S2

899

1010

S_RST

SDS

GND

VMO

D

Title


Date: Sheet of

1 1.0

Network Interface Card

1 1Tuesday, February 11, 2020

GND

EN

D1

DALC208 / BZA408B

IO11

V2

IO23

IO34GND5IO46

GND

R8

10R

C14

0.1u

f

Q2BC817

23

1

GN

DS_CLK

MC

UVC

C

ANT

FRC1

FRC10

1 23 45 6

879 10

TP1TP

USB_D-

S_RST

D5

PMEG

3030

EP1

2

S_CLK

S_DET

S_DETGND

PWR

C21

33pf

C8 33pf

L3

27nH

U2STBB1-Axx

VOU

T1

SW2

2PG

ND

3SW

14

VIN

5EN

6

MO

DE

/ SYN

C7

VIN

A8

GN

D9

FB10

PAD11

R14100K

EN

C22

33pf

USB

_D+

J8JMP

R6

10K

U1ST732M33R

IN2

NC

04

NC

15

OUT3

GN

D1

GND

S_DAT

GP_

TX

PWR

GND

Q3BC817

2 3

1

MCUVCCGND

Figure 28. Schematic diagram of the GPRS expansion board

10 Metering board layoutThree-phase power meter top-side view of the metering board is shown in Figure 29.

NXP SemiconductorsMetering board layout


Figure 29. Top-side view of the metering board (not scaled)



Figure 30. Bottom-side view of the metering board (not scaled)



Figure 31. Top-side view of the GPRS module board (not scaled)



Figure 32. Bottom-side view of the GPRS module board (not scaled)

11 Bill of materials of the metering boardElectronics components used to develop three-phase power meter are mentioned in the table below.

Table 6. BOM report of meter PCB

NXP SemiconductorsBill of materials of the metering board


Sr. No Quantity Reference Description Value Mfg Name Mfg Part Number1 1 BT1 BATTERY LI-MNO2 2032 3V 210mAh TH CR2032-PEN3 EEMB CR2032-PEN32 1 BT2 BATTERY LITHIUM 1/2AA 3.6V 1200mAh TH ER14250-VB EEMB ER14250-VB

3 9

Y_CT1,R_CT1,N_CT1,B_CT1,Y_CT2,R_CT2,N_CT2,B_CT2,N_SHUNT

TEST POINT PIN 0.062X0.086 TH, NO PART TO ORDER TP N/A N/A

4 4 Y_PH1,B_PH2,R_PH,NEUTTEST POINT PIN 0.062X0.086 TH, NO PART TO ORDER TP N/A N/A

5 11C1,C4,C5,C6,C7,C8,C9,C10,C11,C13,C19 CAP CER 0.1uF 16V 10% X7R AEC-Q200 0402 0.1uF MURATA GCM155R71C104KA55D

6 1 C2 CAP CER 0.01UF 50V 5% X7R 0603 10nF AVX 06035C103JAT2A7 3 C24,C27,C30 CAP CER 0.047UF 50V 10% X7R 0603 0.047UF AVX 06035C473KAT2A

8 8C25,C26,C28,C29,C31,C32,C33,C34

CAP CER 0.033UF 50V 10% X7R AEC-Q200 0402 0.033uF TDK CGA2B3X7R1H333K050BB

9 6 C38,C39,C55,C56,C57,C58 CAP CER 0.1UF 50V 10% X7R 0603 0.1UF

WURTH ELEKTRONIK EISOS GMBH & CO. KG (ELECTRONIC & ELECTROMEHANICAL COMP) 8.85012E+11

10 10C41,C42,C43,C44,C62,C64,C65,C66,C69,C70 CAP CER 0.10UF 25V 10% X7R 0603 0.1UF KEMET C0603C104K3RAC

11 2 C52,C68 CAP CER 1.0UF 10V 10% X7R 0805 1.0UF SMEC MCCB105K2NRTF12 1 C53 CAP ALEL 10UF 16V 20% -- TH RADIAL 10UF PANASONIC ECEA1CKS10013 1 C54 CAP CER 4.7UF 6.3V 20% X5R 0402 4.7uF TDK C1005X5R0J475M14 1 C72 CAP ALEL 100UF 50V 20% -- TH RADIAL 100UF NICHICON UPJ1H101MPD615 1 C75 CAP CER 2200PF 2KV 10% X7R 1812 2200PF TDK C4532X7R3D222K130KA16 2 C76,C77 CAP ALEL 33uF 450V 20% -- RADIAL 33uF NICHICON UVR2W330MHD17 1 C80 CAP ALEL 10uF 35V 20% -- RADIAL 10UF CORNELL DUBILIER SK100M035ST18 6 C81,C88,C89,C90,C91,C93 CAP CER 0.1UF 25V 10% X7R 0805 0.1UF SMEC MCCC104K2NRTF19 1 C82 CAP CER 0.047UF 50V 10% X7R 0805 0.047UF VENKEL COMPANY C0805X7R500-473KNE20 1 C83 CAP CER 2200PF 50V 5% X7R 0805 2200PF SMEC MCCE222J2NRTF

21 2 C85,C97 CAP ALEL 1000uF 25V 20% -- RADIAL 1000uFLELON ELECTRONICS CORP REA102M1ETAF1316

22 2 C86,C87 CAP ALEL 470UF 25V 20% -- RADIAL 470uF PANASONIC EEUFC1E47123 1 C92 CAP ALEL 10UF 16V 20% -- RADIAL 10uF NICHICON UVR1C100MDD24 1 C94 CAP CER 1000PF 50V 5% C0G 0805 1000PF VENKEL COMPANY C0805C0G500-102JNE25 1 C95 CAP CER 0.022UF 50V 10% X7R 0805 0.022UF KEMET C0805C223K5RACTU

26 1 C96CAP CER 1000pF 760VAC (X1) / 500VAC (Y1) 20% Y5U RADIAL 1000pF

VISHAY INTERTECHNOLOGY 440LD10-R

27 1 C100 CAP PLYP 0.22UF 1KV 10% -- RADIAL 0.22uFEPCOS - TDK Electronics B32913B5224K

28 1 DS1 LCD DISPLAY 64Hz 3V TH HSA26785JIAGNXI HOLITECH TECHNOLOGY CO. HSA26785-DYTSP-01

29 4 D1,D37,D38,D57 OBSOLETE USE 480-77657 BAT54C FAIRCHILD BAT54C30 1 D11 LED RED SGL 2MA TH L-53LID KINGBRIGHT L-53LID

31 1 D12 LED IR SGL 100MA TH TSAL4400VISHAY INTERTECHNOLOGY TSAL4400

32 2 D14,D15 LED RED SGL 2MA TH L-53LID KINGBRIGHT L-53LID33 2 D33,D34 DIODE SS 100V 500MW AXIAL 1N4148 FAIRCHILD 1N4148

34 2 D39,D40 DIODE RECT 1A 1000V SOD-123FL 1N4007FLSMC DIODE SOLUTIONS LLC 1N4007FLTR

35 1 D45 DIODE PWR RECT 3A 600V SMT MURS360T3GON SEMICONDUCTOR MURS360T3G

36 8D46,D47,D48,D49,D50,D51,D52,D53 DIODE RECT 1A 1KV DO41 1N4007 DIODES INC 1N4007-T

37 2 D54,D55 DIODE RECT FAST RECOVERY 1A 1000V SMA US1M DIODES INC US1M-13-F

38 1 D56 DIODE PWR RECT 1A 200V SMB SMT MURS120T3ON SEMICONDUCTOR MURS120T3G

39 1 D60 DIODE SCH 30V 200MA -- SOD323 BAT54HT1ON SEMICONDUCTOR BAT54HT1G

40 3 D61,D62,D63 DIODE SCH 30V 200MA -- SOD323 BAT54HT1ON SEMICONDUCTOR BAT54HT1G

41 1 JP8 HDR 1X6 TH 100MIL SP 330H AU 100L HDR 1X6 SAMTEC TSW-106-07-S-S

42 1 J1 HDR 1X5 TH 100MIL SP 336H SN 118L HDR 1X5GREENCONN CORPORATION GPHA114-0501A01

43 1 J2 HDR 1X4 TH 100MIL SP 336H AU 100L HDR_1X4 SAMTEC TSW-104-07-G-S

44 1 J3 HDR 1X3 TH 2.54MM SP 344H AU 118L HDR 1X3

WURTH ELEKTRONIK EISOS GMBH & CO. KG (ELECTRONIC & ELECTROMEHANICAL COMP) 61300311121

45 2 J6,J7 HDR 2X5 TH 100MIL CTR 330H AU HDR_2X5 SAMTEC TSW-105-08-G-D46 1 J9 HDR 1X2 TH 100MIL SP 339H AU 98L HDR 1X2 TH SAMTEC TSW-102-07-G-S

47 14L1,L4,L5,L6,L7,L8,L9,L10,L11,L12,L13,L14,L21,L24

IND FER BEAD 1000OHM@100MHZ 1.5A 25% 0805 1000OHM TDK MPZ2012S102A

48 2 L19,L25IND PWR 1.2mH@100KHZ 280MA 10% RADIAL 1.2mH COILCRAFT RFB0807-122L

49 1 L23 IND CHK 3.3uH@1KHz 3A 20% 10mOHM TH 3.3uH Prismatic 122001

50 1 Q4 TRAN NPN PHOTO 50MA 70V TH TEFT4300VISHAY INTERTECHNOLOGY TEFT4300

51 1 Q16 TRAN PMOS SW 2.4A 20V AEC-Q101 SOT-23 PMV100XPEAR NEXPERIA PMV100XPEAR

52 1 Q17 TRAN NPN GEN 45V 0.5A SOT-23 BC817-40LT1GON SEMICONDUCTOR BC817-40LT1G

53 2 Q18,Q19 TRAN NMOS 30V 3.7A SOT23 PMV90ENE NEXPERIA PMV90ENER54 6 R1,R63,R66,R145,R146,R147 RES MF 10.0K 1/10W 1% 0603 10.0K YAGEO AMERICA RC0603FR-0710KL

55 11R22,R23,R27,R32,R33,R37,R42,R43,R47,R48,R52 RES MF 220 OHM 1/10W 1% 0603 220 BOURNS CR0603-FX-2200ELF



Sr. No Quantity Reference Description Value Mfg Name Mfg Part Number

56 6 R54,R56,R151,R189,R198,R199 RES MF 10K 1/8W 5% 0805 10K VENKEL COMPANY CR0805-8W-103JT57 1 R57 RES MF 1.0K 1/8W 5% AEC-Q200 0805 1.0K ROHM MCR10EZPJ10258 1 R60 RES MF 510 OHM 1/10W 1% 0805 510 SMEC RC73A2A5100FTF59 3 R61,R62,R144 RES MF 1.5K 1/8W 1% 0805 1.5K BOURNS CR0805-FX-1501ELF60 2 R64,R65 RES MF 470K 1/10W 1% 0603 470K BOURNS CR0603-FX-4703ELF61 1 R69 RES MF 100K 1/10W 1% 0603 100K BOURNS CR0603-FX-1003ELF

62 3 R70,R157,R222 RES MF 1.0M 1/10W 1% 0603 1.0M

WALSIN TECHNOLOGY CORP. WR06X1004FTL

63 1 R87 RES MF 1.0K 1/10W 1% 0805 1.0K MULTICOMP MC 0.1W 0805 1% 1K64 1 R89 RES MF 2.2K 1/8W 1% 0805 2.2K PANASONIC ERJ-6ENF2201V65 4 R102,R230,R231,R232 RES MF ZERO OHM 1/10W -- 0603 0 YAGEO AMERICA RC0603FR-070RL

66 16

R111,R112,R113,R115,R116,R117,R118,R119,R121,R122,R123,R124,R180,R181,R182,R183 RES MF 470K 1/4W 5% 1206 470K VENKEL COMPANY CR1206-4W-474JT

67 8R129,R130,R131,R132,R133,R134,R135,R136 RES MF 6.8 OHM 1/8W 1% AEC-Q200 0603 6.8 KOA SPEER RK73H1JTTD6R80F

68 3 R139,R140,R141 RES MF 2.20K 1/10W 1% 0603 2.20K BOURNS CR0603-FX-2201ELF

69 1 R142 RES MF 1.50K 1/10W 1% 0603 1.50KVISHAY INTERTECHNOLOGY CRCW06031K50FKEA

70 1 R143 RES 1.0K OHM 1/10W 5% 0603 1K YAGEO AMERICA RC0603JR-071KL

71 2 R152,R193 RES MF 18.0K 1/8W 1% 0805 18KVISHAY INTERTECHNOLOGY CRCW080518K0FKEA

72 2 R153,R156 RES MF 100K 1/8W 1% 0805 100K VENKEL COMPANY CR0805-8W-1003FSNT73 2 R159,R161 RES MF 47.0K 1/10W 1% 0805 47.0K SMEC RC73A2A4702FTF

74 2 R160,R162 RES MF 1.00K 1/8W 1% ACE-Q200 0805 1.0KVISHAY INTERTECHNOLOGY CRCW08051K00FKEA

75 1 R174 RES MF 100k 1/2W 5% AEC-Q200 1210 100k PANASONIC ERJ-14YJ104U76 1 R184 RES MF 22 OHM 1/4W 5% 1206 22 BOURNS CR1206-JW-220ELF77 1 R187 RES MF 22 OHM 1/8W 5% 0805 22 BOURNS CR0805-JW-220ELF78 1 R188 RES MF 3.3K 1/8W 5% 0805 3.3K BOURNS CR0805-JW-332ELF79 1 R190 RES MF 470 OHM 1/8W 1% 0805 470 BOURNS CR0805-FX-4700ELF80 2 R191,R192 RES MF 1.0K 1/4W 5% 1206 1.0K BOURNS CR1206-JW-102ELF

81 1 R194 RES MF 22K 1/4W 1% AEC-Q200 0805 22KKOA Speer Electronics, Inc. SG73S2ATTD2202F

82 1 R195 RES MF 10K 1/8W 5% 0805 10K VENKEL COMPANY CR0805-8W-103JT83 1 R196 RES MF ZERO 1/8W AEC-Q200 0805 0 ROHM MCR10EZPJ00084 1 R200 RES MF ZERO 1/8W AEC-Q200 0805 0 ROHM MCR10EZPJ00085 1 R201 RES TF 220K 1/8W 5% 0805 220K PANASONIC ERJ6GEYJ224V86 4 R202,R203,R204,R211 RES WW 47 OHM 3W 5% AXL 47 YAGEO AMERICA PNP300JR-73-47R87 1 R208 RES MF ZERO OHM 1/16W 5% 0402 0 YAGEO AMERICA RC0402JR-070RL88 2 R209,R210 RES MF 10 OHM 1/4W 1% 1206 10 OHM YAGEO RC1206FR-0710RL89 2 R212,R213 RES MF 2.7K 1/4W 1% 1206 2.7K YAGEO AMERICA RC1206FR-072K7L90 1 R218 RES MF 10.0K 1/8W 1% 0805 10.0K VENKEL COMPANY CR0805-8W-1002FT91 3 R223,R224,R225 VARISTOR 510VRMS 0.4W 10% TH B72210S2511K101 TDK B72210S2511K10192 4 R226,R227,R228,R229 RES MF ZERO OHM 1/10W -- 0402 0 PANASONIC ERJ-2GE0R00X

93 1 R233 RES MF 100K 1/16W 1% 0402 100KVISHAY INTERTECHNOLOGY CRCW0402100KFKEDC

94 1 R234 RES MF 10K 1/16W 1% 0402 10K VISHAY CRCW040210K0FKEDC95 1 R235 RES MF ZERO OHM 1/10W -- 0603 0 YAGEO AMERICA RC0603FR-070RL

96 2 SW1,SW2OBSOLETE SW SPST MOM NO PB 12V 50MA SMT PTS645 ITT CANNON PTS645SL50SMTR LFS

97 3 SW3,SW4,SW5 SW DPDT PB 2A 500V TH PB_SWITCH C&K COMPONENTS PS221605FNS98 3 TP1,TP2,TP3 TEST POINT PAD .035 SMT, no part to order TP_35MIL99 5 TVS1,TVS2,TVS3,TVS6,TVS7 OBSOLETE DIODE TVS BIDIR -- 3.3V SMD CDDFN2-T3.3LC BOURNS CDDFN2-T3.3LC

100 1 T1 BOBBIN EE20 HORIZONTAL TH EE20

WURTH ELEKTRONIK EISOS GMBH & CO. KG (ELECTRONIC & ELECTROMEHANICAL COMP) 070-4989

101 2 U5,U19IC SW SENSOR OMNIPOLAR HALL-EFFECT 2.5-5.5V SC59 AH180-WG DIODES INC AH180-WG-7

102 3 U15,U16,U24 TRAN NPN PHOTO 50MA 70V DIP4 FOD817A ON Semiconductor FOD817A

103 1 U17IC MEM FLASH 4MB SPI 104MHz 2.7-3.6V SOIC8 IS25LQ040B-JNLE ISSI IS25LQ040B-JNLE

104 1 U18IC MEM EEPROM 2Mb I2C 1MHZ 1.8-5.5V SO8 M24M02-DR

ST MICROELECTRONICS M24M02-DRMN6TP

105 1 U20 IC MAGNETIC SENSOR 3D 2.7-3.5V TSOP6-6 TLV493D-A1B6Infineon Technologies TLV493DA1B6HTSA2

106 1 U21IC MCU FLASH 512KB SRAM 75MHZ 1.71-3.6V LQFP100 MKM35Z512VLL7

NXP SEMICONDUCTORS MKM35Z512VLL7

107 1 U22 IC VREG LDO 3.6V 300mA 2.5-28V SOT23-5 ST732M36R

ST MICROELECTRONICS ST732M36R

108 1 U23IC HIGH VOLTAGE CONVERTER 1050V 60kHz 11.5-23.5V SO16 VIPER267KDTR

ST MICROELECTRONICS VIPER267KDTR

109 1 U25 IC VOLTAGE MONITOR 2-6V SOT-23-3 TLV809K33DBVRTEXAS INSTRUMENTS TLV809K33DBVR

110 1 U27IC VREG SHUNT 100MA ADJ 36V 1% AEC-Q100 SOT23-3 TL431AIDBZR NEXPERIA TL431AIDBZR,215

111 1 U28 IC LIN OPAMP QUAD 2.7-5.5V SOIC14 LMV324IDR Texas Instruments LMV324IDR112 1 Y1 XTAL 32.768KHZ RSN -- TH AB26T-32.768KHZ ABRACON CORP AB26T-32.768KHZ



12 Bill of materials of the GPRS boardElectronics components used to develop GPRS module are mentioned in the table below.

Table 7. BOM report of GPRS moduleItem Qty Reference Description Part Number Manufacturer Value

1 1 CON1 PCB PAD NA NA NA2 1 CON2 Headers & Wire Housings BERGSTIK 10119333-103A05LF Amphenol FCI BERG STICK3 1 C1 Tantalum Capacitors - Solid SMD 470uF 10volts 10% T495X477K010ATE100 KEMET 470uf/16v4 3 C2,C5,C6 Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors MLCC - SMD/SMT 0.1uF 50V X7R 10% CC0603KRX7R9BB104 YAGEO 0.1uf5 1 C3 Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors MLCC - SMD/SMT 1.0nF 50V X7R 10% CC0603KRX7R9BB102 YAGEO 1nf6 2 C10,C14 Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors MLCC - SMD/SMT 0.1uF 50V X7R 10% CC0402KRX7R9BB104 YAGEO 0.1uf7 3 C11,C12,C13 Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors MLCC - SMD/SMT 33pF 50V NPO 10% CC0402JRNPO8BN330 YAGEO 33pf8 3 C4,C21,C22 Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors MLCC - SMD/SMT 33pF 50V NPO 10% CC0603JRNPO8BN330 YAGEO 33pf9 2 C8,C9 Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors MLCC - SMD/SMT / DNP CC0402JRNPO8BN330/ DNP YAGEO 33pf/DNP

10 3 C15,C18,C16 Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors MLCC - SMD/SMT 10uF 10% 25V YAGEO 10uf11 1 C17 Tantalum Capacitors - Solid SMD 100uF 25volts 20% T495E107M025AHE100 KEMET 100uf12 2 C19,C20 100uf/25v Aluminum case, electrolytic capacitor UVR1E101MED1TD NICHICON 100uf13 1 C23 Supercapacitors / Ultracapacitors 5F 2.7V 505DCN2R7Q illinoiscapacito 5F/2.7V14 1 D1 ESD Suppressors / TVS Diodes DIODE ARRAY TAPE-7 BZA408B,115 / DALC208 Nexperia TVS Diode15 2 D2,D3 ESD Suppressors / TVS Diodes TRANS BIPOLAR PESD5V0S1BAF Nexperia PESD5V0S1BAF16 1 D4 Schottky Diodes & Rectifiers 100V Vrrm 3A IF Schottky Barrier STPS3H100U STMicroelectronics STPS3H100U17 2 D5,D6 Schottky Diodes & Rectifiers SCHOTTKY RECT 30V 3A PMEG3030EP,115 Nexperia PMEG3030EP,11518 2 FRC1,FRC2 Headers & Wire Housings BERGSTIK 10119333-103A05LF Amphenol FCI BERG STICK19 8 J1,J2,J3,J4,J5,J6,J7,J8 PCB PAD RC0402FR-070L YAGEO 0R20 1 LED1 Standard LEDs - SMD WL-SMCW SMDMono TpVw Waterclr 0805 Red 150080RS75000 / QTLP630C-2TR Wurth Elektronik / EVERLIGHT LED21 4 L1,L2,L3,L4 Fixed Inductors WE-KI 0402 27nH 400mA DCR=298mOhms5% 744765127A / CW100505-27NJ / DNP Wurth Elektronik / BOURNS 27nH22 1 L5 Fixed Inductors 2.2 ohms 20% High Temp AEC-Q200 IHLP1212BZEV2R2M5A VISHAY 2.2uH23 1 MOD1 WM620 Module WM620 Neoway Technology WM62024 3 Q1,Q2,Q3 Bipolar Transistors - BJT BC817K-40H/SOT23/TO-236AB BC817K-40HVL Nexperia BC81725 2 R1,R4 Thick Film Resistor RC0603FR-071KL YAGEO 1K26 1 R2 Thick Film Resistor RC0603FR-071K5L YAGEO 1K527 2 R3,R5 Thick Film Resistor RC0402FR-0710KL YAGEO 10K28 3 R6,R9,R12 Thick Film Resistor RC0603FR-0710KL YAGEO 10K29 2 R10,R11 Thick Film Resistor RC0603FR-074K7L YAGEO 4K730 1 R7 Thick Film Resistor RC0603FR-07560KL YAGEO 560k31 1 R14 Thick Film Resistor RC0603FR-07100KL YAGEO 100K32 1 R13 Thick Film Resistor RC0603FR-07100RL YAGEO 100R33 2 R15,R16 Thick Film Resistor RC0603FR-070RL / DNP YAGEO 0R34 1 R8 Thick Film Resistor RC1206FR-0710RL YAGEO 10R35 1 SIM1 Memory Card Connectors ASSY FOR PUSH PUSH 6 PIN SIM CONN. 47553-2001 Molex SIM Holder36 1 SIM2 Memory Card Connectors ASSY FOR PUSH PUSH 6 PIN SIM CONN. 104224-0820 / DNP Molex SIM Holder37 1 TP1 Testpoint NA NA NA38 1 UFL1 RF Connectors / Coaxial Connectors 2/2.55MM STD SMT ULTRA MINI RF JACK 1909763-1 TE Connectivity RF Connector39 1 U1 LDO Voltage Regulators 300mA, 28V low-dropout voltage regulator ST732M28R STMicroelectronics ST732M28R40 1 U2 Switching Voltage Regulators 1A High EFF DC DC 1.5MHz 2.0V to 5.5V STBB1-APUR STMicroelectronics STBB1-APUR

13 References1. Single Point Meter Calibration process (document AN12827)

2. FFT-Based Algorithm for Metering Applications (document AN4255)

3. Using FFT on the Sigma-Delta ADCs (document AN4847)

4. Filter-Based Algorithm for Metering Applications (document AN4265)

5. MKM35Z512 SDK Software Drivers (available at https://mcuxpresso.nxp.com)

6. FreeMASTER Data Visualization and Calibration Software (available at www.nxp.com/FreeMASTER)

7. KM35Z512 based one-Phase Smart Power Meter Reference Design (document AN12837 )

8. Kinetis-M Three-Phase Power Meter Reference Design (document DRM147)

9. Low-Power Real-Time Algorithm for Metering Applications (document AN13259)

14 Revision historyThe following table lists the substantive changes done to this document since the initial release.

NXP SemiconductorsBill of materials of the GPRS board






https://mcuxpresso.nxp.com/en/welcome

http://www.nxp.com/FREEMASTER


https://www.nxp.com/docs/en/application-note/DRM147.pdf


Table 5. Revision history

Revision number Date Substantive changes

0 25 November 2021 Initial release

NXP SemiconductorsRevision history


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Date of release: 25 November 2021Document identifier: AN13338

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