KM Discussion 01 06-09-2013 (2).ppt

7/27/2019 KM Discussion 01 06-09-2013 (2).ppt

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KNOWLEDGE

MANAGEMENT &DECISION SUPPORT

SYSTEMS

Dr Sajid Hussain Awan

Discussion 01

06-09-2013


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Contents

KM an overview

KM Stages

Defining knowledge.

What is knowledge management? What do we need to know?

How do we support it?

How should companies integrate KM tools andprocess?

What is the framework for understanding KM?


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KM Significance

Knowledge Management has exhibited

remarkable staying power and growth in a

fashion that is dramatically different from other

business enthusiasms of the late twentiethcentury.


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General perception

At the beginning of a seminar, conference, or trainingsession, when participants are asked to defineKnowledge Management, they often respond that:

It is the latest management fad.

Many say that Knowledge Management is anoxymoron.

Numerous people believe that knowledge, bydefinition, cannot be managed.

On the other hand, most people agree that all workinvolves a knowledge component, and that any teamuses knowledge, experience, and know-how as aresource in the process of completing any task or

project.


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General perception

Students in an executive management

program in 2002 at the Graduate School of

Business (GSB) at the University of Cape

Town in South Africa responded to thequestion What does Knowledge Management

mean to you?

Their answers are similar to statements heard

in other programs in corporate and academic

settings around the world.


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General perception

Knowledge Management is:

What the company knows about competitors,processes.

Learning from experience. Electronic libraries and databases.

A systematic way of disseminating informationand best practices.

What we need to know, finding it, and using it toadd value and get to a higher level of productivity.

Energizing peoples experiences and thoughts tomake the organization grow.


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General perception

Formulating strategies and implementing them to

integrate knowledge or information.

Effective use of skills and expertise in the

organization.Exchanging new and old ideas for the growth of

the company.

An enabler to drive continuous improvement in

the organization.Obtaining external information, customer

information, and competitive information

Communication technology.


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Knowledge management An

overview

Knowledge management (KM) as a businessconcept, though has earlier antecedents,evolved in the late 1980s.

It sprang from the combination of therecognition of the importance to a firm of itsinformation and knowledge assets, and fromthe appearance of the Internet and the

recognition of the utility of the Internet as aninformation and knowledge sharing tool,particularly forgeographically dispersedorganizations.


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KM stages

KM has gone through four stages:1. An emphasis upon the new technology, the Internet,

and upon the development of best practices orlessons learned.

2. An increased recognition of human and culturalfactors, and upon the development of communitiesof practice to facilitate the sharing of information.

3. An increased recognition of the importance ofdesigning the systems for retrievability, and the

importance of data design and taxonomies.4. An emphasis upon extending KM systems beyondthe parent organization to include, for example,vendors and suppliers, customers, users, alumni,etc.


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Defining knowledge

Knowledge is a fluid mix of framedexperience, values, contextualinformation, expert insight, and grounded

intuition that provides an environment andframework forevaluating andincorporating new experiences andinformation. It originates and is applied in

the minds of knowers. In organizations, itoften becomes embedded not only indocuments or repositories, but also in

organizational routines, processes,ractices and norms.


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Defining knowledge

Knowledge consists of truths, and beliefs,perspectives and concepts, judgmentsand expectations, methodologies andknow-how.

Knowledge is the whole set of insights,experiences, and procedures that areconsidered correct and true and thattherefore guide the thoughts, behaviors,and communications of the people.Knowledge is reasoning about theinformation and data to actively enableperformance, problem-solving, decision-making, learning, and teaching.


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What is KM?

Knowledge Management is a process that:

identifiesan organizations intellectual assets

createsnew knowledge for competitive

advantage imparts corporate information accessible

imparts best practices

harnesses IT such as corporate networks,groupware and intranets.


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What is KM?

Knowledge management is a systematic,explicit, and deliberate building, renewal,and application of knowledge to maximizean enterprises knowledge-relatedeffectiveness and returns from itsknowledge assets.


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What is KM?

Knowledge management is the formalization ofand access to experience , knowledge, andexpertise that create new capabilities, enablesuperior performance, encourage innovation,

and enhance custom value.


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What is KM?

KM involves the identification and analysis

of available and required knowledge, and

the subsequent planning and control of

actions to develop knowledge assets soas to fulfill organization objectives.


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KM as a process

KM is the process of creating value froman organizations intangible assets.

KM is defined as a process through which

organizations create, store and utilizetheir collective knowledge. KM is the processof capturing companys

collective expertise whenever it resides-in

databases, on paper, or in peoples heads-and distributing it to whenever if can helpproduces the biggest profit.


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KM organizational aspects

KM is getting the right knowledge to theright people at the right time so they canmake the best decision.

KM is the art of creating value from anorganizations intangible assets.


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KM organizational aspects

KM is the explicit control and management ofknowledge within the organization aimed atachieving the companys objective.

KM means exactly the management of

organizational knowledge of creating greatervalue and generating a competitive advantage.


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Difference between data,

information, & knowledge

Knowledge

Data

Information

Datainterpretation

El abor ation L ear ni ng

Interpreted symbol structures

- used to interpret data, elaborate on

information, and learn

- used withun the decision steps

Interpreted symbols and symbol

structures

- input to a decision step

- output from a decision step

Observed uninterpreted symbols

- signs, character sequences,

patterns


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Difference between data,

information, & knowledge

Definition Example

Data is basically just raw facts and figures.

No single piece ofdata can be useful by

itself, as it does not provide good business

information

The number 40 is data

Information is data which has beenprocessed and has now got some meaning

behind it.

40% of people work as per described roles

Knowledge is an understanding of the

information which has been given.

Those 40% of people work as per defined

roles in sales department that contributes

effectively to the sales growth of the firms

products. This also shows that 60% of thesales force either does not work

satisfactorily or they may be further

evaluated to help raise the number of

compliance to the laid down procedures.


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Transition from data administration

to KM

Time Focus on

Mid 1970s DB administration,

Mid 1980s Data administration

Late 1980s Data management

1990s Information management

Late 1990s/2000s Knowledge management


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Roots of KM

Organizational science

Computer science and management

information systems

Management science

Psychology and sociology


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Related management areas

Change management

Quality management

Human resource management Innovation management

Strategic management


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The philosophy of KM

KM framework helps understand the role ofknowledge management in modern competitiveand innovative organizations.

KM helps create human-centered flexible

enterprise-wide information infrastructure thateffectively supports knowledge capturing, storage,development, distribution and transfer.

KM tools, such as knowledge flow enablers,knowledge navigation systems and tools,corporate memories, knowledge repositories aimat identification, creation, storage, supplying,access, dissemination, reuse and preservation ofknowledge in knowledge base.


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KM components

Knowledge flow:

The flow of knowledge

Knowledge cryptography

Communities of knowledge workers

Knowledge repositories and libraries


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The KM field

We need to develop new kinds of professionalexpertise and knowledge.

The knowledge management approach would bethat training provides employees with theknowledge, abilities and skills required by thepost.

Huselid (1995) uses two factors to group thepractices requiring a high level of commitment, the

first of which designates employee and organizedstructure capabilities, including a wide range ofpractices aimed at developing the knowledge,abilities and capabilities of employees.


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KM refined

At its heart, Knowledge Management is the systems,procedures, approaches, and culture you put in placeto manage one of your more valuable corporateassets namely, your knowledge (i.e. the knowhow,experience, insight, and capability that allow your

teams and individuals to make correct and rapiddecisions in support of strategy).

Knowledge is a difficult asset to manage, beingintangible, fluid, personal, elusive, invisible,immeasurable, and ever evolving.

However, many of the other intangible corporateassets such as safety, brand, reputation, customerloyalty, and so on are already being activelymanaged, with positive results.


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Why not knowledge?

Even if the intangible nature of knowledge

means it cannot be directly controlled, you can

at least manage the systems, cultures, and

pathways through which knowledge flowsaround the organization.


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References

Sveiby, K.-S., & Simons, R. (2002). Collaborative climate and

effectiveness of knowledge work an empirical study. Journal

of Knowledge Management, 6(5), 420433.

Journal of Knowledge Management. Emerald

Knowledge and Information Systems

Knowledge Management Research & Practice

Knowledge Organization

Knowledge-Based Systems Decision Support Systems, ScienceDirect, Elsevier

KM Discussion 01 06-09-2013 (2).ppt

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