KKKA 6414

SUSTAINABLE URBAN PLANNING

TASK 4 : EU Best Practices

Prof. Ir. Dr. RIZA ATIQ ABDULLAH

Dr. MUHAMAD NAZRI BIN BORHAN

STUDENTDS NAME : KHALEEL MOHAMMAD DURAID ALI ABDULLAH MOH’D

NO. MATRIK : P76689 P76704 P76687

City : Hannover, Kronsberg, Germany

Introduction

The local authority in the city of Hannover decided in the 1990s to

develop the new district of Kronsberg, close to the areas of the

coming World Exposition Expo 2000.

Kornberg is an eco-district in Hannover built on 1,200 hectares of

mainly agricultural land on the city margins.

It is located in the south-east of the city and was the last remaining

area in Hannover suitable for a large-scale building project.

Kornberg is a settlement with exceptionally high ecological

standards, buildings offering above-average quality of

accommodation and semi-natural open space design.

The population of Hannover, Germany is 515140

according to the Genomes geographical database

TARGET OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT

IN KRONSBERG

As a result, new standards are required for

Kronsberg in:

urban development

ecology

social planning

The goal is also for the:

planning process and

civic participant

to be exemplary

Concept

The development of Kronsberg followed the regional planning

principle, according to which residential development should

expand along local rail public transport routes and be concentrated

at urban densities in the catchment areas of the stops and stations.

The EXPO 2000 World Exposition was the occasion to apply this

planning approach to the Kronsberg area. Expo 2000 act as the

catalyst for the development of the Kronsberg area.

A concept was devised in 1994 for the entire area that covered the

EXPO grounds, the new settlement and the countryside.

Economy

Hanover has very large number of tourist.

It sit on a river call Leine, and has conjunctions of shops along one heritage street, And it location to the west of Berlin and the centre of the north, which made many passenger pass through.

It’s the biggest small town in German, yet it has The Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles Transporter (VWN) factory at Hannover-Stöcken is the biggest employer in the region and operates a huge plant at the northern edge of town.

A few other factors and Hanover is home to many insurance companies, many of which operate only in Germany. One major global reinsurance company is Hannover Re, whose headquarters are east of the city centre.

Economy

Funding

Subsidies by the city and other sources, including the EU,

paid for the extra costs in both the larger systems

development and the building construction to allow the

project to function within the guidelines of the ecological

standards.

Publicly owned land was sold to private developers to raise

money for public amenities.

Federal, state, and local officials created a housing fund to

ensure that a mix of persons from different income levels

would be able to afford to live in Kronsberg.

Funding

Education

Hanover has several

universities.

The Leibniz University

Hannover is the largest funded

institution in Hanover for

providing higher education to

the students from around the

world.

Newly opened Hannover

Medical Research School in

2003 for attracting the students

from biology background from

around the world.

Energy

All the built structure were to meet Low

Energy House Standard (LEH).

This was possible only when the design

had a compact building form with few

projections and recessions.

The required space index is 55kWh/m2.

This was possible through

thicker insulation layers of walls

airtight and windproof building

envelopes

avoidance of thermal bridges

installation of very well insulations

windows.

ENVIRONMENT ECOLOGICAL

STANDARDS ENERGY

PROJECT

1• Solar City

2• Passive solar houses

3• Solar district heating system

4• Wind turbines

SOLAR CITY

Solar district heating system

Passive solar houses : Passive solar houses in the project use heat

exchangers to meet their heating needs. One of the CHP plants is

run by fuel cells, and was a demonstration project for the

Exposition.

Wind turbines : Two wind turbines provide 3,000 dwellings with

electricity.

Photovoltaic cell technology.

DISTRUCT HEATING

Decentral cogeneration heating

plant

Compulsory connection to the

network

Only 5% more expensive than

new-build developments with

district heating connections

elsewhere in the city.

WIND ENERGY

The most important

renewable energy

source on Kronsberg is

wind power.

Tow large and one

smaller wind turbines

to provide enough

energy for 3,000

houses

TRANSPORTATION & CONNECTIVITY

Good transportation services and communication

linking people to jobs, school, health and other

services

Tram route

Traffic calming

Amenities within easy walking distance

Cycle priority route

Parking space restrictions

Tram route

◦ A new direct light rail transit service links the

settlement with the city centre (17 minutes).

• Three tram stops serve Kronsberg, each within easy

walking distance of all homes, and providing a fast

service to Hanover city centre.

• The transport systems has been specially designed to

enable disabled access.

• The main motorised traffic flow is channelled along

the edge of the development beside the tramline to

minimise nuisance to residents

TRAFFIC CALMING• In the residential area the car access is forbidden, except

for Kronsberg residents. Narrow sections on the roads,

30 kph zones, and priority to the right at junctions, are

effective traffic calming measures.

PARKING SPACE• Car parking spaces are mainly arranged in small areas,

either set into the hill-side or at ground level.

• To reduce the parking space needs in the inner courts, a

parking space ratio of 0.8 per apartment was set at

Kongsberg.

• This was compensated for by a 0.2 increase in the ratio

for parking spaces on the public streets, which means

that they are better used over the day, and the area

needed for motorised access in built-up areas is reduced.

Transportation

Green Space

weather of Hanover gave advantage to have more green space.

it’s green and living city, that has river to west and lake to the south, then a large park all along the east.

many other small parks around the town, making it available to have green space in each area.

Environment

Planning and construction emphasized on:Environmentally friendly energy supply systemsEnvironmentally friendly building.Preservation of natural resources. This developed into the “Kronsberg-Standard”, obligatory for all developers, and was applied across the board. It especially affected the areas of energy, rainwater, building materials, and the ground. The goal is to reduce CO2 emissions and household energy consumption.

Ecological standard energy.

Energy use optimization.

District heating systems : Heating for all buildings is

supplied either through decentralized gas-fi red

cogeneration (CHP) plants, which are between 80-95%

efficient, or through alternative and renewable sources

of energy.

Low energy buildings.

Electricity saving measures.

The Kongsberg Water Concept deals with the effects that a large

development can have on the local water table, the necessity for water

conservation, and raising awareness of water issues through visible

systems.

“The ‘Mulden-Rigolen’system for decentralized retention and

infiltration of rainwater” was used throughout Kongsberg to create a

system of retention and infiltration that would not cause large changes to

the local water ecology

Of the daily usage of 142 L of drinking water per person in Germany,

most runs through the shower, bath, wash-basin and toilet straight to the

drains. Only about three liters are used either for drinking, or for

cooking. As water provider, the Hanover Municipal Water-works is

aiming to reduce that figure to 100 L per person. Economy aerators have

been installed in wash-basins. These reduce water-consumption greatly,

although it is barely perceptible. Flow-limiters and flow stabilizers are

also effective.

Water Treatment

The Kongsberg Waste Management Concept includes building waste,

and domestic and commercial waste.

Construction waste

The city of Hannover reached a contractual agreement with

developers to use exclusively environmentally compatible and

healthy building materials.

For construction phase they required to sort building waste on

site

Signs were fixed to the various waste skips on site to make it

clear which waste belonged in which classification

Developers are required to use materials for construction that are

non-toxic and recyclable, 80% of construction waste was not land

filled.

Waste Management

Cycling in Hannover

Like many other cities in Germany,

Hannover has miles and miles of cycle

paths. Many of these are dedicated

sections on highways going through the

town yet there are also interesting paths

going through pleasant parkland. You can

hire bikes in the city by the hour or day

and also get on a tour of Hannover with a

guide

Hannover’s Walking Area

Hannover is the leading cultural center of the

Lower-Saxony Region. Here you can spend

days if not weeks enjoying the different sights.

Take Cultural Walk to see all the best museums,

galleries and theaters the city has to offer.

Thank You

Thank You