Henry VIII. (1491 – 1547) King of England, King of Ireland, Prince of Wales.
King Henry the 8th By Megan Rees June 28, 1491 – January 28, 1547.
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Transcript of King Henry the 8th By Megan Rees June 28, 1491 – January 28, 1547.
King Henry the 8th
By Megan Rees
June 28, 1491 – January 28, 1547
King Henry the 8th
Public Image Finances
MarriagesGovernment
Posterity
Public Image
• Henry cultivated the image of a Renaissance man, and his court was a center of scholarly and artistic innovation and glamorous excess, epitomized by the Field of the Cloth of Gold.
• Henry was an intellectual. The first English king with a modern humanist education, he read and wrote English, French, Latin and was thoroughly at home in his well-stocked library.
• A big, strong man and he excelled at jousting and hunting. More than pastimes, they were political devices that served multiple goals, from enhancing his athletic royal image to impressing foreign emissaries and rulers, to conveying Henry's ability to suppress any rebellion.
Finances
• Financially, the reign of Henry was a near-disaster. Although he inherited a prosperous economy, Henry's heavy spending and long periods of mismanagement damaged the economy
• Henry inherited a vast fortune from his father Henry VII who had, in contrast to his son, been frugal and careful with money. Much of this wealth was spent by Henry on maintaining his court and household, including many of the building works he undertook on royal palaces. Tudor monarchs had to fund all the expenses of government out of their own income.
Government
• The power of Tudor monarchs, including Henry, was 'whole' and 'entire', ruling, as they claimed, by the grace of God alone.
• Nevertheless, as evident during Henry's break with Rome, the monarch worked within established limits, whether legal or financial, that forced him to work closely with both the nobility and parliament
• In practice, Tudor monarchs used patronage to maintain a royal court that included formal institutions such as the Privy Council as well more informal advisers and confidants.
PosterityKnown Children of Henry the 8th of England
Name Mother Birth Notes
Unnamed daughter Catherine of Aragon 31 Jan 1510 Miscarriage
Henry Catherine of Aragon 1 Jan 1511 Died 2 months
Unnamed son Catherine of Aragon Nov 1513 Died shortly after birth
Henry Catherine of Aragon Dec 1514 Died 1 month
Queen Mary 1 Catherine of Aragon 18 Feb 1516 Married Philip of Spain; no issue
Unnamed daughter Catherine of Aragon Nov 1518 Stillbirth
Queen Elizabeth 1 Anne Boleyn 7 Sep 1533 Never married; no issue
Unnamed son Anne Boleyn 29 Jan 1536
Kind Edward 6 Jane Seymour 12 Oct 1537 Unmarried; no issue
Marriages
Catherine of Aragon Anne Boleyn Jane Seymour Anne of Cleves
Katherine Howard Catherine Parr
Catherine of Aragon
• Formerly married to Henry’s older brother, who died before they had children.
• Had many pregnancies but only produced one heir, Mary.
• Henry divorced her to marry Anne Boleyn
Anne Boleyn
• Was his mistress for many years before marrying
• Henry split from the Catholic church in order to marry her
• Produced only one heir, Elizabeth, who became the most famous monarch in England.
• She was beheaded by Henry.
Jane Seymour
• Became engaged to Henry the day after Anne was executed
• Bore him his only son, Edward, who died before he could rule
• Died herself soon after giving birth
Anne of Cleves
• Married the King, sight unseen
• He never liked her, but he annulled the wedding and no harm came to her.
Catherine Howard
• Was much younger than her husband. Had affairs on him.
• She eventually was beheaded because of these actions
Catherine Parr
• Was a wealthy widow and a religious reformer
• Helped reconcile Henry with his daughters, Mary and Elizabeth
• They were put back into the line of succession, after his still living son, Edward.