Kinetic and Potential Energy Physics 6(B). Learning Objectives Explain the differences between...
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Transcript of Kinetic and Potential Energy Physics 6(B). Learning Objectives Explain the differences between...
Kinetic and Potential EnergyPhysics 6(B)
Learning Objectives• Explain the differences between kinetic and
potential energy and their sources• Describe situations involving kinetic and
potential energy• Explain how potential energy is transformed
into kinetic energy and kinetic energy is transformed into potential energy
Kinetic and Potential Energy
• Kinetic Energy (KE) – the energy of an object due to motion– Measured in joules, J
• Dependent on:– Mass (m )– Velocity (v)
Defining Kinetic Energy
• At the top, a skateboarder has no kinetic energy– Kinetic energy increases as the skateboarder
moves downwards and speeds up
• At the bottom, a skateboarder has maximum kinetic energy– Kinetic energy decreases as the skateboarder
moves upwards and slows down
Kinetic Energy
• Potential Energy (PE ) – the energy of a system due to its position– Measured in joules, J
• Dependent on:– Mass (m )– Height above ground (h )– Acceleration due to gravity (g )
Defining Potential Energy
• On the ground, each block has no potential energy
• On the stairs, the yellow object has the least potential energy and the green object has the most potential energy
Potential Energy
• Energy can be transformed from one type to another
• In the picture on the left, the ball’s potential energy is at a maximum and its kinetic energy is at a minimum
• In the picture on the right, the ball’s kinetic energy is at a maximum and its potential energy is at a minimum
Energy Transformation
• Transformation between kinetic and potential energy is never perfect– Energy can be “lost” when it is transformed out
of a system
• Some kinetic and potential energy of the roller coaster is transformed into heat and sound
Energy Transformation
Learning Objectives• Explain the differences between kinetic and
potential energy and their sources• Describe situations involving kinetic and
potential energy• Explain how potential energy is transformed
into kinetic energy and kinetic energy is transformed into potential energy
Kinetic and Potential Energy