Chronotropic Effects of Norepinephrine and Tyramine: A System ...
static.livemedia.gr€¦ · K.Gatzoulis, et al, Ann Noninvasive Electrocard 1999, 4:115. SND CSNRT...
Transcript of static.livemedia.gr€¦ · K.Gatzoulis, et al, Ann Noninvasive Electrocard 1999, 4:115. SND CSNRT...
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TTT - NCS
• Establishing the diagnosis of NCS
• Avoid unnecessary additional andexpensive testing
• Clarify the VVS reaction pattern
• Potential role for selecting appropriatetherapy
• Prognostic tool?
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TTT - Limitations
• Sensitivity, Specificity, Reproducibility
• Methodology varies in different EPLaboratories
• Drug provocation frequently required
• Positive responses in other cardiovasculardiseases associated with syncope
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K.Gatzoulis, et al, Ann Noninvasive Electrocard 1999, 4:115
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SND
CSNRT >525 msec
Chronotropic response to atropine or ISO <90 bpm
SACT >140 msec
IHR: 118.1 - (0.57 X age) + SD p Atropine / BB
NIECG markers / SUO
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ΧΡΟΝΟΣ ΑΝΑΝΗΨΕΩΣ ΦΛΕΒΟΚΟΜΒΟΥ
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AVNCD
HV >60 msec
ERP of the AVN >450 msec
Weckenbach and 2:1 AVB at CL >500 and 400 msecrespectively
Split His activity
EPS markers / SUO
Sub-Hisian block on atrial pace Non preexisting bi or trifascicular block an atrial
pace
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VT / VF induction group
VT (sustained monomorphic)
Long runs of NSVT (>18 beats occasionally lastingup to 15 sec and associated with presyncopesymptoms) were noted but not consideredabnormal responses
VF or polymorphic VT degenerating into VFinduction
EPS markers / SUO
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Others
Symptomatic SVT induction requiringcardioversion or overderive pace termination
CSM with >3.0 sec pauses
BT ERP (delta wave) <250 msec
EPS markers / SUO
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K.Gatzoulis, P.Toutouzas, Drugs 2001
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421 pts with SUO and 12 lead ECG and 24 HM
+ECG /+24 HM
+ECG /-24 HM
-ECG /+24 HM
SUO / EPSDesign
EPS SVD AVNCD VT/VF Others (ie SVT, HR-WPW, HCSS)
-ECG /-24 HM
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K . Gatzoulis et al, Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol, 2009
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K . Gatzoulis et al, Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol, 2009
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K . Gatzoulis et al, Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol, 2009
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K . Gatzoulis et al, Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol, 2009
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K . Gatzoulis et al, Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol, 2009
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K . Gatzoulis et al, Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol, 2009
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1st AVB
OR 3.07, CI: 1.54 – 6.10, p=0.001
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LAH
OR 0.56, CI: 0.17 – 1.81, p=NS
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RBBB
OR 1.52, CI: 0.52 – 4.79, p=NS
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LBBB
OR 2.83, CI: 1.10 – 7.22, p=0.029
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1st AVB + LAH
OR 4.63, CI: 1.84 – 11.63, p=0.001
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1st AVB + LPH
OR 4.63, CI: 1.84 – 11.63, p=0.001
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RBBB + LAH
OR 4.63, CI: 1.84 – 11.63, p=0.001
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1st AVB, RBBB, LAH
OR 8.63, CI: 3.01 – 24.71, p<0.001
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An extremely high risk combination
LBBB, 1st AVB, left axis deviation
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K . Gatzoulis et al, Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol, 2009
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Sinus bradycardia, 50 bpm
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• Markers of abnormal substrate of structural heartdisease
• Markers of abnormal repolarization
• Markers of abnormal autonomic balance
• Inducibility on Programmed Ventricular Stimulation
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• LVEF• QRS duration• LBBB• Late Potentials on SAECG• VPBs• NSVT
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• Heart Rate Variability• Heart Rate Turbulence• Decelaration Capacity• Baroreceptor Sensitivity• Heart rate
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• QT duration• QTc duration• QT dispersion• QTc dispersion• QT dynamics (QT/RR)• T wave alternans
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69 post-MI patients (mean LVEF: 46±4.5%, males:96, age:65)42 DCM Syncope: 36
Presyncope: 26Asymptomatic with NSVT: 49
PVSSustained VT 23/69 post MISustained VT 8/42 DCMPolymorphic VT 5/42
After 52.3 months follow up: ICD activation: 12/23 post MI8/10 DCM
Absence of SCD in non-inducible patients.
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Thank you