Keysight Technologies 2021.04 Jeffrey Chen 陳俊宇大中華區無線 …

Keysight Technologies 2021.04

Jeffrey Chen 陳俊宇大中華區無線工程部總經理

2

C O V I D - 1 9 D I D C H A N G E D S O M E T H I N G

Commercialization

Commercialization

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4Q4

2022

Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

R15

R16

R17

NR NSA

Freeze

NR NSA

ASN.1

NR SA

Freeze

NR SA

ASN.1

R15 Late Drop

Freeze

R15 Late Drop

ASN.1

Package

Approval

RAN 1

Freeze

R16

Freeze

R16

ASN.1

Package

Approval

R18

Package

Approval

R15 Key Focus Areas

• 5G NR NSA & SA

• eMMB in FR1 & FR2

R16 Key Focus Areas

• C-V2X

• Private Network / IIoT & URLLC

• Industrial IoT

• Positioning

• Power efficiency

• …… R17 Key Focus Areas

• NR Light

• eMMB evolution

• IIoT & URLLC enhancements

• NR positioning enhancements

• NR for non-terrestrial networks

• Integrated access & backhaul

• More power savings

• Up to 71 GHz

• ……

We are here

© Copyright 2021: Keysight Technologies, Inc.

1st Launch May’18 China Mobile

China Telecom

China Unicom

Verizon

AT&TSKT

KT

LG Uplus

UK: EE, 3,

O2, Vodafone

Germany:

DT, VodafoneQatar: Oredoo

NTT Docomo

Softbank

KDDI

Rakuten

Source: 3GPP

R17

Stage-3

Freeze

R17

ASN.1

Freeze

R17

RAN4

Completion

R17

RAN1

Freeze

R16 RAN4

Completion

3

D - R A N , C - R A N & v R A N F R O M S I N G L E V E N D O R

Distributed RAN (D-RAN)

xHAUL as a Service

NMS

BBU + RU

(Cell Site)

SIN

GL

E V

EN

DO

R

BBU: Base Band Unit

NMS: Network Management System

CU: Central Unit

DU: Distributed Unit

RU: Radio Unit

Centralized RAN (C-RAN)

– 1st Level Disaggregation

BBU_(Central)

DU CURUF1CPRI

Cell Site

xHAUL as a Service

NMS

Virtual RAN (vRAN)

– Virtualize BBU

RU

Cell SiteCloud

xHAUL as a Service

NMS and MANO

vBBU.(Central)

vDU vCUF1CPRI


3G

PP

ST

AN

DA

RD

S C

OM

PL

IAN

T

4From: GSTR-TN5G Transport network support of IMT-2020

S O U R C E : I T U - T T E C H N I C A L R E P O R T


RRC RRCHigh-

RLC

High-

MAC

Low-

MAC

High-

PHY

Low-

PHYRF

Low-

RLC

RRC PDCPHigh-

RCL

High-

MAC

Low-

MAC

High-

PHY

Low-

PHYRF

Low-

RLC

Data

Data

Backhaul Fronthaul

F1 Interface Fx Interface

NGC

RU

CU/DU (Option 6) RU5G

Low Layer Split

CU/DU (Option 7)

NGC CU5GHigh Layer Split

DU/RU

EPCRU

(RRH)

CPRI Interface

4G CU/DU (BBU)

NGC

RU

CU

RU5G

Cascaded Split

DU (Option 6)

DU (Option 7)

5

Centralized RAN (C-RAN)

– 1st Level Disaggregation

BBU_(Central)

DU CURU F1CPRI

Distributed RAN (D-RAN)

xHAUL as a Service

NMS

BBU + RU

(Cell Site)

SIN

GL

E V

EN

DO

R

Cell Site

Virtual RAN (vRAN)

– Virtualize BBU

RU

Cell SiteCloud

xHAUL as a Service

NMS

xHAUL as a Service

NMS and MANO

vBBU.(Central)

vDU vCUF1CPRI

M U LT I - V E N D O R S I N T E R O P E R A B I L I T Y

3G

PP

ST

AN

DA

RD

S C

OM

PL

IAN

T

✓ Open Interfaces

✓ Open Subsystems and Virtualization

✓ Open Management and Orchestration

✓ Open RAN Intelligence and Automation

✓ Open Security for Open RAN


5G Core / EPC5G RAN / gNB

O-RU

O-RAN

Fronthaul Backhaul

MU

LT

IPL

E V

EN

DO

RS

O-CUO-DU

O-RAN

Midhaul

RICSMO

O-Cloud

CU: Central Unit

DU: Distributed Unit

RU: Radio Unit

RIC: RAN Intelligent Controller

SMO: Service Management and Orchestration

6

I N T E R O P E R A B I L I T Y | S Y S T E M I N T E G R AT I O N | P E R F O R M A N C E

O-RAN Specifications Compliance - Interoperability and Security

• Well-designed – mature standards and implementation

• CI, CD, and CT (continuous integration/development/testing) – test automation

• Open Test and Integration Centre (OTIC) - gateway to the global O-RAN ecosystem

System Integration, Multi-Vendors Troubleshooting During Lab Testing and Operations

• Ownership and accountability

• Technical expertise – domain experts required for test design, setup, result analysis, troubleshooting & reporting

On Par or Better Performance and Cost Effectiveness Compared to Closed RAN

• Operational complexity and costs associated with multi-vendors networks

• Massive MIMO/MU-MIMO gain for macro networks deployments

• Close to real-world scenarios and environment (channel models, network impairments, overloading scenarios, etc.)

3GPP Conformance Testing Cannot be Conducted in a Truly Open & Multi-vendor Environment

• Operators expect all base stations to pass 3GPP conformance test and local regulatory requirement.

• 3GPP conformance testing can be performed on a single vendor base station by putting base station in Test Mode.

• For Multi-Vendor base station, there is no known open and standardized mechanism to setup 3GPP test mode.


7

C O M P L E T E P O R T F O L I O A C R O S S O P E N R A N L I F E C Y C L E


8

Challenge – Troubleshooting functional & interoperability

• Difficult to determine what Protocol messages were sent, relative to what/when PHY events occurred

• Diagnosing the root causes of problems between layers often takes hours, days or even weeks.

Solution – WaveJudge 5000• Ability to record & review the

conditions when performance

is optimal and compare when

the results are less than

expected provides insight into

changing 5G environments

• Passive monitoring, without

interfering communications,

and provision of both lab and

field conditions in a concise

reporting structure.

• Insightful wireless analysis

toolsets to adjudicate

disputes created when

multiple vendors’ products

and analysis logs are

contradictory, causing

undue delays and increasing

engineering expenses.

D E V E L O P I N G , C E R T I F Y I N G A N D I M P L E M E N T I N G


UE

PDCP

RLC

MAC

PHY

RRC

NAS

gNB

PDCP

RLC

MAC

PHY

RRC

AMF

NAS

9

✓Open RAN must comply to 3GPP RAN Security Standards

• Security Assurance Specification (SCAS) for eNB and gNB

• Security protection methods for 3GPP specified Interfaces and Protocols

✓Open RAN must consider additional implications on Security with

• Multi-vendors interoperability to jointly deliver robust Security for Open RAN – Radio network

functions, Virtualization and Cloud, Transport, RIC-enabled applications, Management and

Orchestration

• Further Dis-aggregation with O-RAN newly introduced interfaces and protocols

• Open-Source adoption in O-RAN subsystems delivered from multiple vendors

✓Open RAN Security in relation to DevOps CI/CD/CT

• Ensuring that the Security aspects of multi-vendors Open RAN are not compromised

throughout the lifecycle e.g., with enhancements, upgrades post deployments

3 G P P R A N , O P E N R A N , C L O U D , T R A N S P O R T

Open RAN Security = 3GPP RAN + Further Dis -aggregation & Multi-vendors Open Interfaces / APIs & New Interfaces)

© Copyright 2021: Keysight Technologies, Inc.[Source: 3GPP TS 33.511 &

33.216]

10

C O M P L E T E P O R T F O L I O F O R S E C U R I T Y T E S T

UE Security

Hardened 5G

UE devices

acting as the

first and last line

of defense

against cyber

attack

Open

RAN

Security

Disaggregate

and virtualized

5G RAN

requires all-

round security

protection for its

critical assets

Network

Domain

Security

Proper 5G Core

or Edge Core

perimeter

defense and

security

enforcement

Application

Domain

Security

Understand

performance

impact on

application layer

security, including

encryption/decrypti

on and DPI for

security

enforcement

SBA Domain

Security

Robustness

Test of SBI

interface(s)

against fuzzing

and volumetric

DoS attack

Telco

Cloud

Security

Telco cloud

performance

benchmark and

security test is

critical for the

robustness of

5G network and

its services

Network

Access

Security

5G services

start with

NAS/Authenticat

ion for secured

UE attachment

to 5G SA

network


11

T O P L E V E L V I E W

O-RAN DU

Emulation

Open RAN

Studio

Radio RF/uW

Centr Unit

O-CU

Core

Core

Application

layers

Network

Emulation

UXM 5G

RF/mmW

Test

MXA/MXG

Channel

Emulation

Propsim

4G/5G Packet Core

Testing

IxLoad

UE /O-RU

Emulation

UESim

O-RAN

Analysis

Open RAN

Studio

Network

Infrastructure Testing

IxNetwork

Packet Core

Emulation

IxLoad

5G RAN - gNb

Dist Unit

O-DU

Radio Unit

O-RU

Network

Infrastructure

Devices RAN Transport Core transport

Drive Test,

RF Scan

NEMO

Visibility

VisionX

NSSF AUSF UDM

AMF SMF PCF AF

UE RAN UPF DN

N22N12

N13

N8 N10

N7 N5

N15

N4

N3

N2N1

N6

O-RAN

eCPRI

UE/Devices

F1

Electrical and Optical Physical Layer Test

UXR/M8040/DCA/LCA/OMA/AWG© Copyright 2021: Keysight Technologies, Inc.

Decoding &

PHY Analysis

WaveJudge

12

• 3GPP Specification Evolution

• Open RAN – Further Dis-aggregation & Full Openness

• Keysight Open RAN Test Solution from Edge to Core

• Key Challenge – Specification Compliance & Multiple Vendors

• Key Challenge – Security Considerations for Open RAN

W R A P U P

Keysight Technologies 2021.04 Jeffrey Chen 陳俊宇大中華區無線 …

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