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Review Key Terms For Muscular SystemReview Key Terms For Muscular System

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Key Terms for Muscular System Key Terms for Muscular System

FasciaFascia:A fibrous connective tissue sheath that surrounds and :A fibrous connective tissue sheath that surrounds and protect muscle tissueprotect muscle tissue Deep FasciaDeep Fascia :A fibrous connective tissue sheath that extend into :A fibrous connective tissue sheath that extend into

the the muscle and from 3 layers.muscle and from 3 layers.1. Epimysium1. Epimysium : : The outer most layer of connective tissue encircling The outer most layer of connective tissue encircling

the whole musclethe whole muscle2. Perimysium: 2. Perimysium: The middle layer encircling the small bundle fiber and The middle layer encircling the small bundle fiber and

separate it from others. separate it from others. 3. Endomysium: 3. Endomysium: Internal layer that encircling each muscle fiber and Internal layer that encircling each muscle fiber and

separate it from others.separate it from others. Tendon:Tendon:All the three connective tissue sheaths extend beyond the All the three connective tissue sheaths extend beyond the muscle fiber and form a cord called tendon that attaches a muscle to muscle fiber and form a cord called tendon that attaches a muscle to

the bone or skin.the bone or skin. Muscle bundlSmall bundle that composed of many elongated muscle Muscle bundlSmall bundle that composed of many elongated muscle calls.calls. Muscle fiber:Muscle fiber: Is a cylindrical very long cell containing several Is a cylindrical very long cell containing several

nuclei, Mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum and myofibrilnuclei, Mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum and myofibril Myofibril:Myofibril: Thread like structure that extends form one end the Thread like structure that extends form one end the

muscle muscle fiber to the other, and also called contractile elements of skeletal fiber to the other, and also called contractile elements of skeletal

muscle.muscle.

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MyofilamentsMyofilaments :Myofibril consists of two major kinds of protein :Myofibril consists of two major kinds of protein fibers called myofilamentfibers called myofilament

Thin myofilament: actinThin myofilament: actin Thick myofilament: myosinThick myofilament: myosin

AponeurosisAponeurosis:When the tendinous attachment of a muscle is broad :When the tendinous attachment of a muscle is broad and flat it is called aponeurosisand flat it is called aponeurosis

Origin:Origin:The attachment of a muscle tendon to the stationary bone.The attachment of a muscle tendon to the stationary bone.

InsertionInsertion: The attachment of a muscle tendon to the: The attachment of a muscle tendon to the movable movable bone.bone.

Key Terms for Muscular System Cont’d Key Terms for Muscular System Cont’d

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Belly:Belly:The fleshy portion of the muscle between the tendon of the The fleshy portion of the muscle between the tendon of the origin and insertion is called a belly.origin and insertion is called a belly. Muscle arrangementsMuscle arrangements::Muscles are arranged so as to bring about a Muscles are arranged so as to bring about a

variety of movements. The two general types of arrangements are variety of movements. The two general types of arrangements are synergists & antagonistssynergists & antagonists

SynergistsSynergists : :Muscle that work together to cause movement are Muscle that work together to cause movement are synergistssynergists

e.g. Biceps brachii & Brachialis are synergists because they both e.g. Biceps brachii & Brachialis are synergists because they both cause the forearm to flex.cause the forearm to flex.

Prime mover Prime mover :i:is the one of the synergistic muscle that plays the major s the one of the synergistic muscle that plays the major role in accomplishing a movement.role in accomplishing a movement.i.e. The brachial is the prime mover for flexing the forearmi.e. The brachial is the prime mover for flexing the forearm

AntagonistAntagonist : :A muscle working in opposition to another muscle is A muscle working in opposition to another muscle is called an antagonist.called an antagonist.

triceps brachii is the anatagonist of the triceps brachii is the anatagonist of the bicepsbiceps brachii brachii and the and the brachialisbrachialis because it extends the forearm. because it extends the forearm.

Key Terms for Muscular System Key Terms for Muscular System Cont’dCont’d