Ketergantungan dan Hasil dalam Perdagangan

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Apakah perdagangan membuat Apakah perdagangan membuat semua orang menjadi lebih baik ??semua orang menjadi lebih baik ??

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Table 1 The Production Opportunities of the Farmer and Rancher

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Figure 1a The Production Possibilities Frontier

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Figure 1b The Production Possibilities Frontier

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Rancher’s Deal for Farmer

• Farmer stops producing meat and specializes in potatoes. In a week he can produce …

• 32 oz of potatoes.• Farmer sells 15 oz to Rancher for 5 oz of

meat. Farmer ends up with …• 32 - 15 = 17 oz of potatoes and 5 oz of

meat. Farmer is better off.

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Rancher’s Plan

• Spend 6 hrs producing 18 oz of meat.• Sell 5 oz and keep 13 oz of meat.• Spend 2 hrs producing 12 oz of potatoes.• Total potato consumption 15 oz + 12 oz =

27 oz.• Total consumption: 13 oz of meat and 27 oz

of potatoes.

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Figure 2a How Trade Expands the Set of Consumption Opportunities

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Figure 2b How Trade Expands the Set of Consumption Opportunities

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Table 2 The Gains from Trade: A Summary

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Comparative Advantage

Memilih barang atau jasa yang mempunyai OPPORTUNITY COST yang rendah

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Table 3 The Opportunity Cost of Meat and Potatoes