Kenya - meteorological department and scr - kmd
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Strengthening climate resilience(SCR) In Kenya: The Role of Meteorological Department (KMD)
Julius Kabubi
Head: Disaster Prevention & Mitigation, KMD
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Trend in the occurrence of natural hazards and disasters in Kenya (1900-2010)
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2010
No
. o
f in
cid
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ts)
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Distribution of hazards in Kenya
Geophysical
hazards
45%
Biological
hazards
8%
Anthropogenic
hazards
47%
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Human-made disasters
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Human made hazards
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Major geophysical hazards in Kenya
Floods
72%
Drought
14%
Landslides
7%
Earth tremor
7%
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Floods at Budalangi
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Land slide
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Other Geophysical hazards
Violent
winds
34%
Hailstorms
11%Water
accidents
11%
Tsunami
11%
Severe
storms
22%
Lightning
11%
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Major biological hazards in Kenya
Cholera
outbreak
64%
Malaria
outbreak
36%
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Other biological hazards
HIV/AIDS
29%
Ebola outbreak
14%
Rift valley
fever
29%
Measles
outbreak
14%
Leptospirosis
outbreak
14%
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Distribution of disaster in Kenya
Country w ide
28%
Nairobi
3%
Rift valley
13%Coast
13%Eastern
10%
North
Eastern
10%
Central
5%
Nyanza
10%
Western
8%
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DRR INITIATIVES BY KMD
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The role of NMHS
• Weather Monitoring
• Weather Forecasting
• Climate prediction
• Early warnings
• Weather and climate Advisories
• Food security and sectoral advisories
• Climate Change Detection and attribution
• Research and outreach programmes
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Generate weather products
• Now casting (6 hrs ahead)• Weather Forecasts• 24 hrs,4 days,7 days,14 days,1 month & Seasonal• Climate outlook forums • Specialized forecasts;
– Aviation – Meteorology – Marine - Meteorology– Agriculture – Agro meteorology – Food security – Agro/FeWS– Water resources – Hydrometeorology – Energy - Water resources – Disaster management – Early warnings – Health and other sectors – Biometeorology
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Other duties and responsibilities NMHS
1. Establishment and maintenance of a nationalmeteorological observation network mandatory forweather and climate observations
2. Monitoring, detection and prediction of weather and climate phenomena and dissemination of relevant products and early warnings;
3. Monitoring environmental pollution and Greenhouse Gases, including ozone
4. Exchange and transmission of meteorological data nationally, regional and internationally;
5. Carrying out meteorological training and research to improve the quality of meteorological services
6. Archival of long-term reliable national climatologically records
7. International mandates (WMO, ICAO, UNFCCC, IPCC, …)
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Current initiative by KMD
• 5 Weather radars – Precipitation
• Hydromet division – early warning in floods
• Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
• EWS for flood management (OP, MoWI) using Automatic Hydromet stations
• RANET (Bundalangi, Suswa, Kangema, Mtwapa)
• Improvement of station networks and AWS (Automatic Weather Stations)
• National Tsunami Early Warning Centre (NTEWC)
• Provincial Directors of meteorology
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Marine weather station at Mombasa
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Others initiatives
• 12 Automatic Weather Stations (AWS) at strategic locations
• 12 Automatic hydro-meteorological stations • 2 Automatic Weather Observing Stations (AWOS) for
Airports (JKIA and MIA)• 5 Weather Radars (250 Kilometre effective Doppler
Range) are being installed.• 1 Upper Air Stations (Radio-sonde Stations) has been
upgraded• 3 Lightning Detection Systems have been installed to
cover the whole country • 2 Seismic equipment for Earth quakes – Voi, Lodwar• 35 Drifting Buoys already deployed in Western Indian
Ocean• 1 Marine Automatic Weather Stations (MAWS) • Created local, regional, and international partnerships
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Way forward in reduce vulnerability
• Home grown and community centered climate adaptation measures
• Integration of Seasonal Climate forecasts and indigenous knowledge for effective early warning
• Piloting on the ground through demonstration, experimental plots (Cropping patterns, shifting seasons…. etc.
• Knowledge management and effective communication system of weather and climate products etc
• Management of risks through Identification, structural and non-structural risk reduction, and risk transfer and financing mechanisms
• Managing the whole disaster cycle (The hidden success, the check list)
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MANY THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION
THE END