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2. #: #: (mobile tourism) #1: Web-to-mobile #2: (Mobile Tourism Recommender System) #3: - 3. : Java ME -Symbian platform Android platform -.NET Compact Framework Qt (framework) Qt -BREW Windows Mobile -Palm OS Flash Lite -Microbrowser (Web) based applications Maebo : Blackberry Nokia OVI Samsung Bada iPhone OS 4. : Figure 2-6. Share of 2010 Q2 smartphone sales to end users by operating system, according to Gartner 5. (Mobile tourism) site (.. , blogs, wiki, ) . , . 6. : Mobile tourism projects 7. Information Models Personalized content Personal Profiling Collaborative Filtering Context Aware Updating content Information Models Personalized content Personal Profiling Collaborative Filtering Context Aware Updating content Positioning / MAP Technologies Mapping Technology Out/In door technology Route Finding/Itineraries Adaptation techniques Positioning / MAP Technologies Mapping Technology Out/In door technology Route Finding/Itineraries Adaptation techniques Architecture/ Development Platforms Frameworks Multilingual Architecture/ Development Platforms Frameworks Multilingual Unique Services Communication Content Sharing E-Commerce, Pre and post visit Social Networks Unique Services Communication Content Sharing E-Commerce, Pre and post visit Social Networks Input/Output Modalities User Situations Accessability Multimodality e.g. 3D Input methods Input/Output Modalities User Situations Accessability Multimodality e.g. 3D Input methods Network Infrastructure Cognitive Capabilities Adaptation to changing environments WiFi, BT, 3G Network Infrastructure Cognitive Capabilities Adaptation to changing environments WiFi, BT, 3G Mobile Tourist Guides Mobile Tourist Guides Information Models Personalized content Personal Profiling Collaborative Filtering Context Aware Updating content Information Models Personalized content Personal Profiling Collaborative Filtering Context Aware Updating content Positioning / MAP Technologies Mapping Technology Out/In door technology Route Finding/Itineraries Adaptation techniques Positioning / MAP Technologies Mapping Technology Out/In door technology Route Finding/Itineraries Adaptation techniques Architecture/ Development Platforms Frameworks Multilingual Architecture/ Development Platforms Frameworks Multilingual Unique Services Communication Content Sharing E-Commerce, Pre and post visit Social Networks Unique Services Communication Content Sharing E-Commerce, Pre and post visit Social Networks Input/Output Modalities User Situations Accessability Multimodality e.g. 3D Input methods Input/Output Modalities User Situations Accessability Multimodality e.g. 3D Input methods Network Infrastructure Cognitive Capabilities Adaptation to changing environments WiFi, BT, 3G Network Infrastructure Cognitive Capabilities Adaptation to changing environments WiFi, BT, 3G Mobile Tourist Guides Mobile Tourist Guides : 8. : Mobile tourism projects Information Model Position/MAP Technologies Input/Output Modalities Architecture/ Network Infrastructure Unique Services Cyberguide On-device storage. Proprietary application Distributed Dynamic Information. Context Aware.. Map based IrDA and GPS. Automatic logging system Pen / Screen Not Multilingual Visual basic Run time system PDA WLAN Non cognitive resource adaptable- Guided tours. Messaging. Broadcasting. Post visit logging. GUIDE Centralized Hypermedia personal profile. Push & pull information. Map - Guidance WLAN positioning. No adaptation Pen / Screen Multilingual JAVA Portable PC WLAN Adaptable to failing resource Communication Ticketing service tour generation LoL@ Centralized Hypermedia model Map - Guidance/Route Cell-id and GPS. User adaptable positioning. Manual logging system. Pen / Key Pad 3 language Multilingual JAVA APLET enabled VoIP Speech input UMTS Adaptable to failing resource Pre-visit Post -visit Commenting diary service Hippie/HIPS Centralized Hypermedia model Personal Profile. Push & Pull Context aware Guidance Electronic Compass IrDA sensors object level and room level Pen / Screen Not Multilingual Microsoft .NET PDA - Subnotebooks Client -Server browser WLAN Pre-visit Messaging. Broadcasting. Post visit logging TellMaris Proprietary application, not context aware Map - Route finding. GPS Pen/Screen 3D graphics Modality Windows CE PDA Nokia S60 platform WLAN GPRS, UMTS Exploratory 9. : Mobile tourism projects Information Model Position/MAP Technologies Input/ Output Modalities Architecture/ Network Infrastructure Unique Services Deep Map User context and context aware Guidance Vector maps Route finding. User adaptable positioning. Pen/Screen Multilingual support Standards-compliant open source agent framework WLAN GPRS, UMTS Agent based services CRUMPET Explicit and Implicit personal profile. User-aware unobtrusive proactive tips Context aware Itinerary planning. Guidance Vector maps Route finding. location-based services Pen/Screen Multilingual support Client -Server Standards-compliant open source framework WLAN, GPRS, UMTS Cognitive resource adaptation Guided tours Group meeting scheduler SmartKom Centralized Hypermedia model Personal presentation model Guidance Maps Route finding GPS adaptable Pen/Screen, speech Multimodality input / output. Multilingual Agent Architecture. Multi-blackboard system. GSM, GPRS, UMTS Communication Localized information REAL Localized information. User-aware. unobtrusive proactive tips. Proprietary application Active location sensitivity Passive location sensitivity 3D-pointing device. 3D graphics Modality Speech input PalmOS/Pocket PC GPS + Electronic compass (outdoor) IrDA indoor WLAN,GPRS, UMTS Exploratory e-guide Hierarchical information presentation Explicit personal profile Proprietary application Raster based map Orientation Keypad J2ME application based system Bluetooth Exploratory Push model 10. : Client-server architecture, Propriety-based architecture (HTTP IP) ; & : guided tours, communication amongst users and the system, e-service, group meeting scheduler, registering position to friends, pre- visit and post-visit services support, rating/commenting service. 11. #1: Web-to-mobile 12. : e-guide : Web on-the-fly Web , ported , , . 13. Ubiquity . / : ( ) , .. , 14. porting web 15. Java/JSP Ajax/JavaScript Mobile Porting server JAXP DBRMS MySQL Web Server HIBERNATE /JDBC J2MEPolish (GNU) XML Java ME InternetInternet To Mobile device using: -Bluetooth -Cable -OTA Web Application 16. e-Guide: Web 17. e-Guide: Web 18. e-Guide: Web 19. e-Guide: Web 20. e-Guide: Web 21. e-Guide: Web 22. 23. Info kiosk/ Sign Posts / PDA installation Infokiosk Sign Posts PDA installation 24. : (.. learnability, memorability) web , ( ) , 25. : , / , , 26. #2: - (Mobile Tourism Recommender System) 27. & / TripAdvisor.com FindAndDine.ch & ) GPS Navigation Systems Location Based Services , ! ! : (Information Selection Criteria) : 28. ( ) ( ) / : , .. , , , .. 29. : / / , (collaborative filtering, CF) 30. (content ratings) : ( ) ! CF-: , . (.. , ). 31. Mobile Tourism Recommender System (MTRS) web web mobile web (.. ) , (context-aware ratings) (weight function) 32. Database (tourist content and user profiles) Users Tourist portal Cluster #1 Cluster #2 33. MTRS k-means 34. User Profile (declared and inferred user preferences) Personalized recommendation system Personalized recommendations of POIs POIs (Points of Interest) ratings POIs within the tourist destination area Tourist portal 35. web MTRS 36. MTRS mobile prototype 37. MTRS POIs : / , , , ( ) 38. MTRS MTRS POIs : , GPS WiFi 3G Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) Installation 39. WSN Sensor nodes Wireless/cable Modem Web server (tourist portal) End users BLUETOOTH Sink (central processing element) Internet Tourists GPS SunSPOT 40. WSN 41. #3: 42. : (Points of Interest, POIs) Internet, , , , , POI 43. : : POI / POIs ... / , e-Guides ( ) POI , 44. Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) Team Orienteering Problem (TOP) : (.. / ) Orienteering Problem with Time Windows (OPTW): : TOP OPTW NP-hard, (heuristics) online Tourist Itinerary Design Problem (TIDP) 45. Tourist Itinerary Design Problem (TIDP) User model POI model Visit model Category Available multimedia resources Geographical position Weight or Objective importance Average predicted time of stay Rating/comments of users Days/Hours of visit (time windows) Indoor/Outdoor sight Accessible from people with disabilities Price of entrance (Ticket prices) Device Localization Demographic info Interests Disability Budget Hotel position Period of stay Time constraints Means of transportation 46. Tourist Itinerary Design Problem (TIDP) TIDP G=(V,E), i , (i=0,,N-1), V POI (i,j) E ( ) POIs i j POI i V : wi POI pi, POI ( ) Dc (i) (.. ) POI tv (i), 47. Tourist Itinerary Design Problem (TIDP) (i,j) ci,j, j i, (weighted function) i j ti,j ( ), j pj j tv(j): ci,j = a1 * ti,j - a2 * pj + a3 * tv(j) a1, a2, a3: (a1 + a2 + a3 = 1) i, j 48. DailyTRIP DailyTRIP: |D| Ii : T, i.e. ()