Dr. SuswonoDr. SuswonoMinistry of AgricultureMinistry of Agriculture

GOVERMENT POLICY IN AGRICULTURAL GOVERMENT POLICY IN AGRICULTURAL SECTOR IN RESPONSE TO THE IMPACT OF SECTOR IN RESPONSE TO THE IMPACT OF

CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS IMPACT ON FOOD CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS IMPACT ON FOOD SOVEREIGNTY AND COMMUNITY WELFARESOVEREIGNTY AND COMMUNITY WELFARE

Presented on International Seminar :Presented on International Seminar :Impact of Climate Change on Food Sovereignty and Community Welfare Impact of Climate Change on Food Sovereignty and Community Welfare

in Semi Arid Regionin Semi Arid RegionUniversity of Nusa Cendana 28-29 September 2012University of Nusa Cendana 28-29 September 2012

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1.Role of Agriculture Sector2.Target of Agriculture Development3.Strategy and Policy of Agricultural

Sector to Cope With the impact of Climate Change

4.Adaptation Program5.Closing Remarks

Outline of Presentation

Provide food for 245 million peopleProvide food for 245 million people

Provide 87% of raw material for industry

Provide 87% of raw material for industry

Contribute 14,72% PDB Contribute 14,72% PDB

Export income US$ 43,37 M Export income US$ 43,37 M

Absorb 33,32% of total laborAbsorb 33,32% of total labor

Source of income for 70% farmerSource of income for 70% farmer

Reduce 8 million ton of GHG (Perpres No.61 tahun 2011)

Reduce 8 million ton of GHG (Perpres No.61 tahun 2011)

I. ROLE OF AGRICULTURAL

SECTOR

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1. Food material could not be substituted.2. High population and population growth. 3. Food vulnerability still exist in many region.4. Environment degradation and climate

change decreases food production capacity.5. Competition between food material for food

and energy.6. National food demand should be supplied

by national production and must not depend on regional and global food trade.

Food Security is an Important Aspect for Indonesian

Development

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1. Food Security self sufficiency for rice, maize, soybean, sugar cane and beef meat

2. Food diversification3. Increasing product quality, added value &

export4. Improved farmer welfare & poverty

alleviation5. Sustainable agricultural resources &

environment

AGRICULTURAL REVITALIZATION:land, seed, infrastructure (incl.

machinery and equipment), human resources, farmer capital, farmer organization, technology and industry

II. TARGET OF AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT

TARGET OF PRODUCTION FOR 5 MAIN AGRICULTURE COMMODITIES

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COMMODITY PRODUCTION 2011

(Million ton)

PRODUCTION TARGET 2014(Million ton)

Paddy 65,76

76,57

Maize 17,64

29,00

Soybean 0,85

2,70

Sugar 2,23

3,1

Beef meat 0,29

0,51

MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE

No Commodity (x1000 ton) 2011 *) 2012 **)

1 Milled Rice Prodution 36.969 38.564

Demand 33.045 33.035

Self sufficiency Index

111,87 116,74

2 Maize Prodution 17.643 18.945

Demand 15.272 16.097

Self sufficiency Index

115,52 117,69

3 Soybean Prodution 851 780

Demand 2.122 2.246

Self sufficiency Index

40,10 34,71

4 Beef meat Prodution 292,45 399,32

Demand 449,31 484,07

Self sufficiency Index 65,09 82,49

5 Sugar/cabe Prodution 2.230 2.660

Demand 2.790 2.850

Self sufficiency Index

79,93 93,33

Achievement Index for Self Sufficiency of 5 Agricultural Commodity 2011-2012

Note: *) BPS 2012, **)Prediction I 2012 (BPS)Self sufficiency index (%) = Production/demand

Estate crops gives high contribution to surplus trade

TRADE BALANCE

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Threats to Agric.Revitalitation & Food Security

High land conversion rate (1-1,5% /year), Plan to convert 42% of irrigated rice fields to other uses

Levelling off in productivity Degradation of land, water resources &

environment Climate variability and climate change

water stress, pest and diseases explosion

Limited available lands for expansion & fragmentation of the existing agricultural lands

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Degradation of land and water resources and infrastructure (irrigation)- Flood, drought frequently occurs- Salinity problem - Damage of irrigation infrasructure

Production system Food Security- Decrease of cropping and harvesting

areas- Decrease of crops yields and crops

production, quality and efficiency.

Socio-economics Farmers’ welfare

- Closely related to small farmers (food producers) the vulnerable poverty

The Impacts of Climate Variability The Impacts of Climate Variability and Climateand Climate Change Change

Complex linkage between agriculture with climate change

• Source of food and livelihood

• Employed 82 million farmers, many are poor and lack access to resources

• Suffering from climate change

• Contribute to GHG & climate change

• Adaptation action is priority

• Potential contribution on mitigation

III. STRATEGY AND POLICY OF AGRICULTURAL SECTOR TO COPE WITH

THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE

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STRATEGY

AntisipationStudy and analysis of climate change and its impact on agricultural sector, providing guide line and tools to cope with the impact of climate change

AdaptationMeasures for activity adjustment considering the

phenomena of climate variability and climate change

Involves: Resources, infrastructure, farming systems, production technology, socio-economics, etc

MitigationTo avoid and reduce the rate of climate change

through reducing emission and increasing absorption of GHG from agricultural activities

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Adaptation is more pertinent to developing countries it is less supported by international donors compared to mitigation

Policy and adaptation programs are often directed by the donors with limited consideration of the victim aspirations

Adaptation programs have been intensively discussed but less synergy in the application mainly due to the lack of resources.

A strong and clear national and regional workable policy is imperative

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1. Increase crops area through utilization of sub optimal land, increasing cropping index on irrigated land and other potential land.

2. Mobilise field extension worker and other skilled worker for observation of crops pest and disease and crop protection brigade

3. Improve effectiveness of the extension and information dissemination system

4. Strengthen farmer organization and the quality of human resources working on agriculture to anticipate and adapt the global climate change.

5. Construction and rehabilitation agricultural infrastructure to increase capability on land and water management.

Policy of Agricultural Sector on Climate Change

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6. Provide agricultural machinery and tool to increase crop productivity and production and product quality and reduce losses.

7. Strengthen capability of farmer and private sector to manage post harvest and processing to increase product quality and product life time

8. Increase the capability of national R&D to produce seed and technology to cope with the impact of climate change

9. Develop agricultural climate insurance 10.Strengthen government and people food stock11.Speed up food diversification based on local

resources.

Continued…

IV. ADAPTATION PROGRAM TO COPE WITH THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE

CHANGE

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1. Development of climate information network Working Group, Early Warning System, Climate Field School,

2. Application of various tools & guide line Blue Print for flood and drought

anticipation (2007) Ministry decree NO.47/2006 (General guide

line for agriculture production in high altitude areas

Cropping Calendar Atlas for Indonesia

3. Reformulation of land use for agriculture and forest (LULUCF)

4. Development of infrastructure for agricultural/ irrigation

Adaptation Program

5. Adjusting cropping calendar and cropping pattern based on climate data and prediction

6. Identification & formulation of adaptive technology (Adaptive-HYV, land & water management)

7. Organization : R&D Consortium program and WG for Climate Variability and Climate Change

8. Implementation of regulation & spatial planning for agricultural land area Agricultural area expansion mainly in abandoned, un-utilized and sub-optimal land

Adaptation Program (continue)

9. Diversification :– Development of tropical soybean and supporting

industry (e.g : Feed industry)– Development of tropical wheat

10. Integration and diversification of crops and livestock – Dry land: Cattle + oil palm on upper-lands– Irrigated fields: rice CI 300 (super early new

prime variety + cattle) rice CI 200 ICM & SRI– Rain-fed fields: rice CI 200-250 , crops & cattle,

ICM & SRI– Tidal Swamps: rice CI 200 + Horticulture +

livestock ICM

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Adaptation Program (continue)

Closing Remark

Food crisis due to global climate change has caused global food resilience becames vulnerable. Therefore every country including Indonesia should strengthen threir food resilience.

An effort to anticipate global food crisis is to increase national food production. Indonesia has targeted to gain surplus of 10 million tons of rice in 2014.

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