KBE for CAX and PLM

Speaker Name John M. SwitlikSpeaker Company AJS

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Contents

• What is PLM?• What is CAx?• What is KBE?• KBE and PLM• KBE Issues• KBE Futures

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Contents

• What is PLM?• What is CAx?• What is KBE?• KBE and PLM• KBE Issues• KBE Futures

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What is PLM?

• Management view• Top-down• Business

• Goals, Benefits• Phases

• Fuzzy • Methods• Measurement

Timeframe (DS Ontology)-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Realistic SimulationKnowledge

PLMDMU

3D2D

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1970 1985 1995 2000 2005 2010 …

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AEC – Architecture, Engineering, and ConstructionCAD – Computer Aided DesignCAPP – Computer Aided Production PlanningCAE – Computer Aided EngineeringCAID – Computer Aided Industrial DesignCAM – Computer Aided ManufacturingCAQ – Computer Aided QualityCAx – Computer Aided Technologies CPD – Collaborative Product DevelopmentCRM – Customer Resource ManagementDFMA – Design for manufacture / assembly

DFSS – Design for Six SigmaEDA – Electronic Design AutomationERP – Enterprise Resource PlanningETO – Engineering, Technology, OperationsMPM – Manufacturing Process ManagementMRO – Maintenance, Repair and

Overhaul ManagementNPDI – New product introductionPDM – Product Data ManagementPPM – Product Portfolio ManagementSCM - Supply chain management

PLM’s Acronyms

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PLM and its scope

Product Lifecycle Management,http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Product_Lifecycle_Management&oldid=39118410

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PLM Goals

• Goals and benefits• Reduced time to market• Improved product quality• Reduced prototyping costs• Savings through re-use• A framework for product optimization• Reduced waste• Savings through integration of workflows

Product Lifecycle Management,http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Product_Lifecycle_Management&oldid=39118410

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PLM Phases• Conceive

• Imagine, Specify, Plan, Innovate• Design

• Describe, Define, Develop, Test, Analyze, Validate• Realize

• Manufacture, Make, Build, Procure, Produce, Sale, Deliver

• Service• Use, Operate, Maintain, Support, Sustain, Phase-out,

Retire, Recycle, DisposalProduct Lifecycle Management,

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Product_Lifecycle_Management&oldid=39118410

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Contents

• What is PLM?• What is CAx?• What is KBE?• KBE and PLM• KBE Issues• KBE Futures

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What is CAx?

• Technical view• Bottom-up• Limits• Precision• Metric space• Seat focus

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CAx’s Acronyms Computer-Aided Design system (CAD) Computer-Aided Requirements capture system (CAR)Computer-Aided Manufacturing Capability system (CAMC)Computer-Aided Package Selection system (CAPS)Computer-Aided Material Information system (CAMI) Computer-Aided Engineering analysis system (CAE/MCAE)Computer-Aided Issue Resolution system (CAIR)Computer-Aided Rule Definition system (CARD) Computer-Aided Rule Execution system (CARE) Computer-Aided Manufacturing system (CAM) Computer-Aided Reporting (CAR)Component Information System (CIS) Computer-Aided Quality Assurance (CAQ)

CAx, http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAx&oldid=39111523

Coordinate measurement system (CMM) Product Data Management system (PDM) Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) Electronic Design Automation system (EDA)Manufacturing Resource Planning system (MRP)Manufacturing Process Planning System (MPPS)Manufacturing Process Management (MPM)

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CAx, Scope, Roles

Computer-aided design,http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Computer-aided_design&oldid=39998485

• Model• CSG• B-Rep (FSG)

• Analyze• One-way connect

with Model• Make

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Design Space

Non-Design Space

Fixed Edge

Analyze (CAE) Example

Disconnect with design

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Contents

• What is PLM?• What is CAx?• What is KBE?• KBE and PLM• KBE Issues• KBE Futures

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What is KBE?

• Mixed view• Middle-out• Enabler

• Seat smarts (Expert driver)• Smart seat (Virtual driver)

• Integrator• Still evolving

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KBE (its history)

• Lisp machine• Generative approach• Engineering developer/user• Computer Science advances• Interactive and batch• Extensible

Knowledge-Based Engineering,http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Knowledge-Based_Engineering&oldid=38775548

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OMG (Object Management Group) – KBE’s Role

OMG KBE Services for PLMhttp://www.omg.org/docs/dtc/05-09-11.doc

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One view of KBE

DynamicGenericGenerativeHigh levelDemand driven

Prasad, Brian “What distinguishes KBE from Automation?”http://www.coe.org/newsnet/Jun05/knowledge.cfm#1

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KBE AttributesDynamic - Rules reconfigure themselves or the outputs based on input changesGeneric – A variety of cases can be derived from one model or a “just-one” code representationGenerative - New rule bodies (or models) are created automatically from the old ones (e.g. model templates) based on changes in input specifications High level - A small amount of KBE code (in the form of high-level instructions or language) produces significant results (manipulating a large number of objects) Demand driven – Knowledge engine knows how to sequence rules through active controls

Prasad, Brian “What distinguishes KBE from Automation?”http://www.coe.org/newsnet/Jun05/knowledge.cfm#1

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KBE Attributes• Generative

• Teleological (Weiner’s sense)• Goal-directed within an ontology

• Generic• Build using components • Driven by parameters• Limited by ‘kind’

• Dynamic• Within a ‘kind’• Stimulus -> Object(pa) -> React(methods)

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KBE, CATIA Knowledgeware 1

Bouchard, Danny “CATIA V5 Knowledgeware Tools Part 1: Overview”http://www.coe.org/newsnet/Oct05/knowledge.cfm#1

22Bouchard, Danny “CATIA V5 Knowledgeware Tools Part 1: Overview”

http://www.coe.org/newsnet/Oct05/knowledge.cfm#1

KBE, CATIA Knowledgeware 2

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Contents

• What is PLM?• What is CAx?• What is KBE?• KBE and PLM• KBE Issues• KBE Futures

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KBE and PLM

Is this PLM?

25OMG KBE Services for PLM (Questionnaire)

http://www.omg.org/cgi-bin/doc?mantis/2005-10-01

OMG (Object Management Group) – KBE Use Case

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Contents

• What is PLM?• What is CAx?• What is KBE?• KBE and PLM• KBE Issues• KBE Futures

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OMG (Object Management Group) – KBE IssueConcept planning

Design and engineeringLaunch

Ramp up and volume productionService, support, maintenance

Design data management

Productizing

Production change management

After sales

support

This group has limited vision into the KBE model

With KBE we do SOME things quickly and

efficiently!! But do not ask me to VALIDATE the knowledge and SIGN!...

I fill your forms and I attend to your

knowledge capture interviews. What else

can I do?

I fill your forms and I attend to your

knowledge capture interviews. What else

can I do?

I fill your forms and I attend to your

knowledge capture interviews. Still we

have problems with the product and we have

learn that […]

This group does not need to see

inside a KBE model but their input is vital for product design

With KBE we do SOME things quickly and

efficiently!! But do not ask me to VALIDATE the knowledge and SIGN!...

KBE engineerKBE engineer

• Knows exactly what the KBE applications are doing but fails to explain the design and get feedback.• Struggles with issues of reusability and maintainability.

Lack of trust on KBE

Knowledge and expertise loses

OMG KBE Services for PLMhttp://www.omg.org/docs/dtc/05-09-11.doc

28How to evolve a ‘kind’? (FSG)

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Contents

• What is PLM?• What is CAx?• What is KBE?• KBE and PLM• KBE Issues• KBE Futures

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FSG Example

Switlik, John “New Directions for CAD (Role for FSG)”http://www.coe.org/newsnet/Jan06/knowledge.cfm#1

Boundary conditionsEnvironmentSolver (automaton)

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KBE FuturesMultidisciplinary – KBE needs to allow disciplines to interact yet retain and optimize their specific domain knowledge

Cognitive CAx – Knowing/Data, Perceiving/Sensor, Conceiving/Alternatives

Decision Problem ("Hilbert's Entscheidungsproblem“) –Example: whether KBE system solution set meets requirements

Verification, Validation, Test – Truth Engineering (see Speaker)

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Backup Slides

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Abstract• PLM deals with management concerns. CAX handles details related to the

lower end of the supply chain. KBE has, for the most part, dealt with the latter within a stove-pipe framework. The more modern variants of KBE need to couple several technologies, such as geometry/shape, materials, and ‘make’ processes. Additionally, related methods, such as simulation and functional analysis, need to be brought into play. These are being integrated into the KBE/CAX view. However, KBE for PLM requires a differentflavor. The presentation discusses KBE from both frameworks and looks in particular at problems related to KBE verification and validation.