Kathy DrewesKathy Drewes

kathy_drewes@umanitoba.cakathy_drewes@umanitoba.ca

Signing inSigning in

You will need a library ID.You will need a library ID.

Library ID :Library ID : Is Is notnot your Aurora account (class sign-up) your Aurora account (class sign-up) You need to have accessed it beforeYou need to have accessed it before

If you do not have an ID, use the temporary ID.If you do not have an ID, use the temporary ID.

What We Will CoverWhat We Will Cover

1.1.

2.2.

3.3.

You can follow along in your worksheet.You can follow along in your worksheet.

1a.1a.

Why is it important?Why is it important?

How Many Pages are How Many Pages are Indexed?Indexed?

The problem isn’t finding some The problem isn’t finding some information, it is finding the right information, it is finding the right information for the job.information for the job.

Is It a Website?Is It a Website?

Just because something is available online Just because something is available online doesn’t mean it is, strictly speaking, a website. doesn’t mean it is, strictly speaking, a website. It might be:It might be:

An archive or online libraryAn archive or online library A repositoryA repository A catalog or journal databaseA catalog or journal database An online or scanned book or other publicationAn online or scanned book or other publication

Academic ArticlesAcademic Articles

Collections of academic journals are available Collections of academic journals are available online either for free or for a fee:online either for free or for a fee:

Google Scholar indexes (and has full text to) Google Scholar indexes (and has full text to)

some academic articles online. The U of M some academic articles online. The U of M Libraries subscribes to Google Scholar. Libraries subscribes to Google Scholar.

GoogleGoogle

The U of M subscribes to some academic The U of M subscribes to some academic journals online (worth over $3 million!) through journals online (worth over $3 million!) through databases (Academic Search Elite, ERIC, etc.). databases (Academic Search Elite, ERIC, etc.). Library HomepageLibrary Homepage

Once You Find it, Cite it!Once You Find it, Cite it!

Once something is put on the web, it is Once something is put on the web, it is considered published, and all the laws of considered published, and all the laws of copyright apply to words, phrasing, and copyright apply to words, phrasing, and images that you find on the web.images that you find on the web.

1b.1b.

How I know I found a good website?How I know I found a good website?

Is It a Good Website?Is It a Good Website?

How do you plan to use the site?How do you plan to use the site? Who is the author?Who is the author? Why is the author an authority on the subject?Why is the author an authority on the subject? What is at stake for the author if they are wrong or What is at stake for the author if they are wrong or

lying?lying? Is the page up to date?Is the page up to date? Is the page associated with an institution, company, or Is the page associated with an institution, company, or

organization? Do they have an agenda?organization? Do they have an agenda? Why did the author / organization produce the website?Why did the author / organization produce the website? Do you trust the page? Why or why not?Do you trust the page? Why or why not?

2. 2.

2 Ways to Search the 2 Ways to Search the WebWeb

DirectoryDirectory Human Indexed Human Indexed

(people recommend (people recommend each site)each site)

Headings Headings

Better for browsingBetter for browsing

Search EngineSearch Engine ElectronicElectronic

KeywordsKeywords

Better for finding a Better for finding a phrasephrase

When to Use a DirectoryWhen to Use a Directory

You want to browse topics within a You want to browse topics within a broader subject broader subject

You want pages that other people use, You want pages that other people use, for example, when finding blogs, recipes, for example, when finding blogs, recipes, and general information on a topicand general information on a topic

DirectoryDirectory

Examples:Examples:

http://http://www.dmoz.comwww.dmoz.com

http://directory.google.com/http://directory.google.com/

Both a directory and a search engine: Both a directory and a search engine: http://http://www.yahoo.comwww.yahoo.com

Directory ExampleDirectory Example

Writing a paper on Buddhism, but you don’t Writing a paper on Buddhism, but you don’t know where to start or what to write about.know where to start or what to write about.

http://directory.google.com/http://directory.google.com/

Note that you can search within a certain sub-Note that you can search within a certain sub-heading inside the Google Directory.heading inside the Google Directory.

(Try #1 on your worksheet.)(Try #1 on your worksheet.)

Search Engine Search Engine (& Meta search Engine)(& Meta search Engine)

Examples:Examples:http://http://www.google.cawww.google.cahttp://http://www.altavista.cawww.altavista.cahttp://http://www.live.comwww.live.com//

Meta Search Engines – search many common search Meta Search Engines – search many common search engines at the same time. engines at the same time. http://www.metacrawler.com/http://www.metacrawler.com/

Search EngineSearch Engine

A search engine crawls the web using A search engine crawls the web using links to move from one website to the links to move from one website to the next. The engine saves a copy of next. The engine saves a copy of everything it crawls as a cache fileeverything it crawls as a cache file

Go to this page and View Source:Go to this page and View Source: http://will.state.wy.us/goshen/index.htmlhttp://will.state.wy.us/goshen/index.htmlLook for libguy as an imageLook for libguy as an imageGoshen County Library Home Page Goshen County Library Home Page

Search Engines MightSearch Engines Might

Rank pages according to:Rank pages according to: How many other websites link to the pageHow many other websites link to the page Who links to the page Who links to the page How many times your search words How many times your search words

appearappear Where your search words appear on the Where your search words appear on the

pagepage Who gives them money$$$Who gives them money$$$

Search Engines Do Not Search Engines Do Not Index:Index:

Pages that request not to be Pages that request not to be crawledcrawled

Cannot access pages inside of Cannot access pages inside of many databases many databases (for example, specific records (for example, specific records

within our library catalogue)within our library catalogue)

Cannot access pages that are Cannot access pages that are encrypted or password protectedencrypted or password protected

Making MoneyMaking Money

Search engines make money in a number of Search engines make money in a number of ways. Some take money to rank certain pages ways. Some take money to rank certain pages higher than others. Others allow banners and higher than others. Others allow banners and ads to be posted on their pages.ads to be posted on their pages.

Sponsored LinksSponsored Links

http://www.google.cahttp://www.google.ca

Type in environmentalType in environmental

3. 3.

Places to Go for More Places to Go for More InformationInformation

Google Cheat SheetGoogle Cheat Sheet Search Engine WatchSearch Engine Watch (general info about (general info about

search engines.)search engines.)http://searchenginewatch.com/http://searchenginewatch.com/ GooglepediaGooglepedia

Author: M. MillerAuthor: M. Miller TK 5105.885 G66 M55 2007, Reference TK 5105.885 G66 M55 2007, Reference

Section of Engineering LibrarySection of Engineering Library Google “About Google” Google “About Google” GoogleGoogle

3 Ways to Search Google3 Ways to Search Google

Simple Search TricksSimple Search Tricks

Advanced Search ScreenAdvanced Search Screen

Manipulating the URLsManipulating the URLs

GoogleGoogle

Narrow vs. BroadNarrow vs. Broad

Try to narrow your results so you get only Try to narrow your results so you get only websites that are relevant to you. You can do websites that are relevant to you. You can do this by adding more words (it makes the search this by adding more words (it makes the search more specific).more specific).

If you cannot find anything on your topic, try If you cannot find anything on your topic, try broadening the search by taking away search broadening the search by taking away search terms and limits (it makes the search less terms and limits (it makes the search less specific).specific).

What Google AssumesWhat Google Assumes

Google is smart. It assumes certain Google is smart. It assumes certain things about searching to try to get the things about searching to try to get the best results for you.best results for you.

Word OrderWord Order

Google assumes that you will put the Google assumes that you will put the most important word at the beginning of most important word at the beginning of your search terms, and that each word your search terms, and that each word becomes less important to you as you becomes less important to you as you move left to right.move left to right.

eg. eg. Boat Boat fishing fishing reelreel

PluralsPlurals

Stemming: Stemming: Google automatically searches for Google automatically searches for

common plurals and verbs. (Not all common plurals and verbs. (Not all search engines or databases stem.)search engines or databases stem.)

eg. eg. mushroommushroom searches for both searches for both mushroom and mushroomsmushroom and mushrooms

CapitalsCapitals

Not Case Sensitive:Not Case Sensitive: Google does not care if your search uses capital Google does not care if your search uses capital

letters correctly or not.letters correctly or not.

eg. eg. dOG RaCIngdOG RaCIng is the same search to Google as is the same search to Google as DOG RACING DOG RACING and and dog racingdog racing

Exception: Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT) Exception: Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT) must be capitalized (we’ll look at that in a must be capitalized (we’ll look at that in a minute)minute)

Assumes you want all the Assumes you want all the words words

Google assumes that when you type Google assumes that when you type more than one word into the search box, more than one word into the search box, you want it to find both of the words you want it to find both of the words mentioned somewhere in the webpage.mentioned somewhere in the webpage.

All the WordsAll the Words

Bush (232,000,000)

Lawn (73,100,000)

Bush Lawn (1,380,000 )NARROWS the SEARCH

At Least One of the At Least One of the Words (OR)Words (OR)

If you type OR between your search If you type OR between your search words, Google looks for websites that words, Google looks for websites that have one word or the other word or both.have one word or the other word or both.

eg. old OR elderlyeg. old OR elderly

In the In the advanced search advanced search page it is calledpage it is called

at least one of the wordsat least one of the words

Elderly(65,200,000)

At Least One of the Words (OR)

Old (1,040,000,000 )

old OR elderly (1,110,000,000 ) BROADENS the SEARCH

Not (-)Not (-)

Use a minus sign to search for pages without a Use a minus sign to search for pages without a certain term on the page.certain term on the page.

eg.eg.bush lawn -presidentbush lawn -president Searches for web pages with the words bush and Searches for web pages with the words bush and

lawn on them, but excludes pages with the lawn on them, but excludes pages with the word presidentword president

On the On the advanced search advanced search page this is calledpage this is calledwithout the wordswithout the words

Search ThreeSearch Three

Bush (232,000,000)

Lawn (73,100,000)

President (378,000,000 )

(Bush and Lawn) not President (1,250,000 ) NARROWS the SEARCH

Exact PhraseExact Phrase

If you are looking for an exact phrase, a If you are looking for an exact phrase, a name, or two words together, place the name, or two words together, place the phrase within quotation marks.phrase within quotation marks.

eg. “stephen harper” searches for eg. “stephen harper” searches for documents that have his name together documents that have his name together in this order.in this order.

GoogleGoogle NARROWS the SEARCH

Forgot a Word?Forgot a Word?

If you don’t know a word within the phrase If you don’t know a word within the phrase or want to search for someone who or want to search for someone who sometimes uses a middle name, use the * sometimes uses a middle name, use the * symbol within a phrase.symbol within a phrase.

egs. egs. “everybody knows that smoking * “everybody knows that smoking * school” (Song by Motley Crue)school” (Song by Motley Crue)

““john * macdonald” john * macdonald” GoogleGoogle

BROADENS the phrase SEARCH

Similar words (~)Similar words (~)

Use the ~ to find synonyms.Use the ~ to find synonyms.

eg. eg. ~elderly~elderly

Will find pages with the words elderly, old, Will find pages with the words elderly, old, aging etc. on them.aging etc. on them.

GoogleGoogle BROADENS the SEARCH

File TypesFile Types

You can search for pages that are of a certain You can search for pages that are of a certain file type (or you can exclude them using the -)file type (or you can exclude them using the -)

egs. egs. “strategic plan” filetype:pdf “strategic plan” filetype:pdf Returns only pdf files with the phrase strategic Returns only pdf files with the phrase strategic

plan.plan.““strategic plan” –filetype:pdfstrategic plan” –filetype:pdfReturns pages that are in any format except PDF Returns pages that are in any format except PDF

format.format.(Also available on Advanced Search page)(Also available on Advanced Search page)GoogleGoogle

NARROWS the SEARCH

Specific Domain or Specific Domain or WebsiteWebsite

Use site: to search within a specific site or Use site: to search within a specific site or within a specific area.within a specific area.

eg. eg. solar flare site:edusolar flare site:eduSearches for the words solar and flare, but only Searches for the words solar and flare, but only

on education sites (that end in edu)on education sites (that end in edu)solar flare site:www.umanitoba.casolar flare site:www.umanitoba.caSearches for the words solar and flare, but only Searches for the words solar and flare, but only

on the University of Manitoba siteon the University of Manitoba siteGoogleGoogle

NARROWS the SEARCH

Search for similar pagesSearch for similar pages

If you find a page you like, go to the If you find a page you like, go to the advanced search page and type in the advanced search page and type in the URL next to:URL next to:

related:related:

find pages similar to the pagefind pages similar to the page

Google Books & Google Google Books & Google ScholarScholar

Google Books searches for books with your Google Books searches for books with your search terms. Some books are full text while search terms. Some books are full text while others are not.others are not.

Google Scholar is a database of scholarly Google Scholar is a database of scholarly articles and books. The U of M purchases links articles and books. The U of M purchases links and full-text access to Google Scholar. You and full-text access to Google Scholar. You need to be on campus or to sign in to access need to be on campus or to sign in to access some of the full-text content.some of the full-text content.

GoogleGoogle

Wayback MachineWayback Machine

Archive of old websiteArchive of old website Indexed by URL and date archivedIndexed by URL and date archived

eg. BBCeg. BBC

http://www.archive.org/index.phphttp://www.archive.org/index.php

RecapRecap

1.1. EvaluationEvaluation

2.2. Directories vs. Search EnginesDirectories vs. Search Engines

3.3. Google TricksGoogle Tricks