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Transcript of Karel de Grote-Hogeschool Antwerpen The importance of intercultural competence in language education...
Karel de Grote-Hogeschool Antwerpen
The importance of intercultural competence in language
education
Paul CatteeuwIasį (EuroEd), 25 June 2009
Karel de Grote-Hogeschool Antwerpen
Karel de Grote-Hogeschool Antwerpen
Why?In society
• Changing society• Integration
Knowledge Competence (thinking) (doing)
• Flemish government
• Here and there• Critical factor for success
Within the university
• Renewal curriculum• Competence based
• Necessity of the subject: Society Business Education
• accreditation of the training
• Social constructivism• Critical factor for success
Karel de Grote-Hogeschool Antwerpen
Changing worldEvolution • Labour migration > asylum migration• unicultural homogeneous society (20th c.) >
diverse & multicultural society (21st c.)
Changing/changed demographic scene
Prognosis 2050:
From 10-15% to 30% people with different cultural background
Karel de Grote-Hogeschool Antwerpen
Migrants in Belgium
Italy 286.000 (2,7%)
Morocco 265.000 (2,5%)
France 164.000 (1,5%)
Turkey 160.000 (1,5%)
Netherlands 125.000 (1,2%)
Total 1.570.000 (15%)
Belgium 10.511.000
Karel de Grote-Hogeschool Antwerpen
Karel de Grote-Hogeschool Antwerpen
Social
Holidays
Professional
Professional
There
Here
Intercultural contacts
Karel de Grote-Hogeschool Antwerpen
Necessity labour market• Contact with different cultures
• Own (social) environment (HERE)• Own working climate (HERE)
• Colleagues, employer, subordinates• Manuals, working methods
• Contacts with other companies (THERE)• Domestic (corporate culture)• Abroad (trade contacts)
– Holidays (THERE): travel guides
Karel de Grote-Hogeschool Antwerpen
What? Contents• Training intercultural competence
Theoretical basis Practical learning and reflection
• Interaction culture - communication
• Basic competence
• Business: from contact to contract
CONTACT?
SUCCESS?
ICO?NO
TRAINING
CONTACT
SUCCESS
ICO
TRAINING
Karel de Grote-Hogeschool Antwerpen
CompetenceDefinition competence
A competence is the integrated use of • KNOWLEDGE • SKILLS• ATTITUDES• PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS
to carry out correctly a certain task or to solve problems in a specific professional situation
Karel de Grote-Hogeschool Antwerpen
Karel de Grote-Hogeschool Antwerpen
Basic Intercultural Competence
‘I am a critical and conscious citizen (1) and I can function flexibly (3) and interculturally (3)in an open and respectful manner (2) in the multiculturaland diverse society (6) in which I live (4) and work (5)’
The right to differ
FRAMEWORK OF REFERENCE FOR INTERCULTURAL COMPETENCE FOR BUSINESS PURPOSES Basic = knowing Advanced = understanding Proficiency = applying
1 Critical awareness Can deal critically and consciously as an individual with the society in which he/she lives
1. Notices that he/she lives in a changing society Dares to question the society in which he/she lives Is aware of and has a critical approach to the society in which he/she lives
2. Recognizes prejudices, racist feelings and attitudes within oneself and others and knows the cultural stereotypes
Can make prejudices, racist feelings and attitudes within oneself and others subject of discussion and understands the origin of stereotypes
Can prevent oneself and others from prejudices, racist feelings and attitudes and can see through the cultural stereotypes
2 Openness - right to differ - respect for otherness Can deal with ambiguous situations, is open to others and can accept and respect possible differences
3. Recognizes other cultures and cultural diversity Tolerates other cultures and cultural diversity Functions within other cultures and cultural diversity 4. Recognizes otherness (culture, class, gender, age, health,
sexual inclination, ethnicity, appearance, …) Accepts otherness Functions according to the principles of equality
5. Recognizes culture shock within oneself and others when in contact with a different culture
Knows how to deal with the problems of culture shock Effectively overcomes the problems of culture shock
3 Flexibility and empathy Can be flexible when dealing with realistic situations and demands and can understand intuitively what other people think and feel in realistic situations
6. Is aware of past experiences Learns from past experiences Adapts to the actual situation 7. Is willing to learn the partner’s language: CEF - A Is willing to learn the partner’s language: CEF - B Is willing to learn the business partner’s language: CEF - C 8. Notices that business partners can react differently Understands that business partners can react differently Accepts the other as a coherent individual and deals tactfully
with different reactions 4 Communicative skill Can communicate effectively and correctly with others in realistic situations
9. Recognizes the intercultural background and possible problems in written, oral and non-verbal communication
Understands the intercultural background and possible problems in written, oral and non-verbal communication
Can prevent possible intercultural problems in written and oral communication and in non-verbal communication
5 Solution oriented attitude Can think and act in a solution oriented way in realistic situations
10. Recognizes misunderstandings and conflicts, possibly related to the cultural background
Understands the origin of misunderstandings and conflicts, possibly related to the cultural background
Can prevent misunderstandings and conflicts
11. In individual situations, makes an extra effort to learn from misunderstandings and conflicts.
As a rule makes an extra effort to learn from misunderstandings and conflicts.
Will purposely seek out situations in which can be learned from living, working or studying with people from different cultures or with a different background
6 Cultural knowledge Can acquire knowledge of a different culture and can use this knowledge in actual situations
12. Knows the concepts relating to interculturality Can see a link between professional situations and the concepts relating to interculturality
Can apply the concepts relating to interculturality in professional situations
13. Recognizes the problems of neglected target groups: immigrants, asylum seekers, the underprivileged, .. whom he/she has to deal with in his/her working environment (subordinates, colleagues)
Knows how to deal with and understands the problems of neglected target groups
Effectively deals with people from neglected target groups in a spontaneous way
14. Recognizes the sociocultural conventions of target groups he/she comes into contact with: companies, expats, …
Understands the sociocultural conventions of the target groups he/she comes into contact with
Incorporates the sociocultural conventions of the target groups he/she comes into contact with
Karel de Grote-Hogeschool AntwerpenKarel de Grote-Hogeschool Antwerpen
Levels in acquiring competence Miller’s Triangle
Proficiency: applying
competence
Advanced: understanding
through exercise
Basic: knowing + knowing how
DOES
SHOWS HOW
KNOWS HOW
KNOWS
Karel de Grote-Hogeschool Antwerpen
Language• The main form of communication in all
its forms– Spoken language– ...– Non-verbal communication
• Which language?– Romanian? Dutch? English?– Which English?– Which register
Karel de Grote-Hogeschool Antwerpen
Ikea• Niet zo gek, die Zweden!
• Ils sont fous, ces Suédois
(Moldova)
Karel de Grote-Hogeschool Antwerpen
Mental programming (Hofstede)
• Personality: inbred and taught
Communication:differences between people
• Culture: what we do with human nature is taught= nurture
Communication:problematic layer
• Human nature:everything which is inbred= nature
Communication: no problems
Karel de Grote-Hogeschool Antwerpen
Different culturesPossibilities of classificationNational/regional cultures
From national and linguistic frontiers to cultural frontiers
Social culturesGender, social classes, birth, sexual
inclination, …Group cultures
Family, company, school, …
Claes en Gerritsen, Culturele waarden en communicatie in internationaal perspectief, 2002
Karel de Grote-Hogeschool Antwerpen
Icebergmodel
Not noticeable: MEANING OF WORDS
Values and norms
Noticeable : WORDS
Symbols, heroes, rituals
Karel de Grote-Hogeschool Antwerpen
Lingua franca• Objective point of view
• “Landeskunde” from different point of view
• Critical awareness
• Respect
• Intercultural competence > intercultural communication
• Language of understanding