INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION• In the late 1960s, the Kansai Region in Japan realized anIn the late 1960s, the Kansai Region in Japan realized an

economic need for a new airport near the Bay of Osaka.economic need for a new airport near the Bay of Osaka.

• Two decades passed before groundwork was laid forTwo decades passed before groundwork was laid for

Kansai International Airport.Kansai International Airport.

• To prevent noise pollution and allow for 24-hour a dayTo prevent noise pollution and allow for 24-hour a day

operation officials chose to build an island in Osaka Bay onoperation officials chose to build an island in Osaka Bay on

which to construct the passenger terminal and runways.which to construct the passenger terminal and runways.

• 1987-1991: Island construction and Simultaneously a design 1987-1991: Island construction and Simultaneously a design competition was held, for which Renzo Piano Building Workshop (in competition was held, for which Renzo Piano Building Workshop (in collaboration with Ove Arup) won the commission. 1991-1994: Airport collaboration with Ove Arup) won the commission. 1991-1994: Airport Construction.Construction.

• Largest man-made island – 22,000,000 cubic meters of reclaimed land, Largest man-made island – 22,000,000 cubic meters of reclaimed land, 4 km X 1km in size.4 km X 1km in size.

• Longest building in the world – 1.7kilometers.Longest building in the world – 1.7kilometers.

MAP MAP

Financing IssuesFinancing Issues• Airports are some of the most expensive pieces of Airports are some of the most expensive pieces of

infrstructure created by mankindinfrstructure created by mankind

• 4.4 billion for Kansai International Airport (KIA)4.4 billion for Kansai International Airport (KIA)

• 5.3 billion for Denver International Airport (DIA)5.3 billion for Denver International Airport (DIA)

• 8.7 billion for the new Hong Kong Internantional Airport 8.7 billion for the new Hong Kong Internantional Airport (HIA)(HIA)

• 740 million for an 80 gate terminal at Pittsburgh Intl. Airport740 million for an 80 gate terminal at Pittsburgh Intl. Airport

• 22 million for a 10-gate terminal in Roanoke22 million for a 10-gate terminal in Roanoke

• The cost for ancillary equipment can be large as wellThe cost for ancillary equipment can be large as well

- 13 billion for transportation access, port development, and - 13 billion for transportation access, port development, and cargo facilities at HIAcargo facilities at HIA

Expected RisksExpected Risks• Earthquakes: 1995 Kobe Earthquakes: 1995 Kobe

Earthquake nearly Earthquake nearly unscathyedunscathyed

• Extreme High TidesExtreme High Tides

• Protests from FishermenProtests from Fishermen

Potential ProblemsPotential Problems

• Total estimated sinkage: 11.5 meters over 50 Total estimated sinkage: 11.5 meters over 50 yearsyears

• Two years after the island was completed, Two years after the island was completed, sinkage was 8 meterssinkage was 8 meters

Why?Why?

• Soft clay under the ocean floor could not Soft clay under the ocean floor could not support the island’s weightsupport the island’s weight

•How could this have How could this have occurred?occurred?

• Flashback TimeFlashback Time

Construction TimelineConstruction Timeline

• 1987-Start of the 1987-Start of the airport island airport island seawall seawall construction construction (January)(January)

19871987

• Start of the Start of the airport island airport island seawall seawall construction construction (January)(January)

19911991

• Completion of Completion of reclamation reclamation work on the work on the airport island airport island (December)(December)

19941994

• Completion of Completion of the Passenger the Passenger Terminal Terminal Building (June)Building (June)

Later in 1994Later in 1994

• Opening of the Opening of the airport airport (September 4) (September 4)

Source Source

• WikipediaWikipedia• http://www.general-files.com/download/http://www.general-files.com/download/

gs50bf2155h32i0/Kansaigs50bf2155h32i0/Kansai%20Airport.ppt.html%20Airport.ppt.html

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansai_International_AirportKansai_International_Airport

• http://www.kansai-airport.or.jp/en/http://www.kansai-airport.or.jp/en/access/taxi/index.htmlaccess/taxi/index.html