Kangaroo Wrap-Up 7-7-18 print fileKangaroo Lake Management Planning Project Wrap‐up July 7 ......

Kangaroo Lake Management Planning Project Wrap‐up

July 7, 2018 1

Kangaroo Lake Association

Tim Hoyman

Kangaroo LakeManagement Planning Update Project

Wrap-Up MeetingJuly 7, 2018


July 7, 2018 2

Onterra, LLCLake Management PlanningOnterra, LLCLake Management Planning

PresentationOutline• ProjectGoals• OverallStudyConclusions• KeyStudyResults• ManagementGoalsandActions• Questions


July 7, 2018 3

Onterra, LLCLake Management Planning

•Collect&AnalyzeData•2016/2017

•ConstructLong‐Term&UseablePlan•PlanningMeetings2017•FinalPlanapprovedbyWDNRinwinter2018

StudyandPlanGoals



July 7, 2018 4

Studiestoalsofocusonnorthbasin• CriticalHabitatArea• Shallow,marllakewithminimal

development• High‐qualitysurroundingwetlands

JohnCabbott BrentonButterfield

BrianE.Small RobertKirchen

LauraErickson

ArthurMorris

JaniceStiefel


July 7, 2018 5


Dataandinformationgathering

• StudyComponents• WaterQualityAnalysis• WatershedAssessment• ShorelandAssessment• AquaticPlantSurveys• StakeholderSurvey• FisheriesDataIntegration


July 7, 2018 6


SummaryofProjectConclusionsWaterQuality

• ExcellentforashallowlowlanddrainagelakeWatershed&ImmediateShoreline

• Majorityofwatershedcomprisedofagriculture,but…• Significantlylessphosphorusthanpredicted– quickdrainingsoils• Highdegreeofshorelanddevelopmentinsouthbasin;northbasin

largelyundevelopedAquaticPlantCommunity

• HighspeciesrichnessforSoutheastWisconsinTillPlainsEcoregion• Eurasianwatermilfoilonlynon‐nativeplantspecieslocatedin2016• Hardstembulrushcommunityinsouthbasin~2.5acressmallerthanin

2003Fisheries

• Somechangeshaveoccurred;lakeshiftingfromwalleye‐ tobass‐dominatedfishery


July 7, 2018 7

WaterQuality


July 7, 2018 8


IntroductiontoLakeWaterQuality

PhosphorusNaturallyoccurring&essentialforalllifeRegulatesphytoplanktonbiomassinmostWIlakesMostoftenlimitingplantnutrient(shortestsupply)HumandevelopmentoftenincreasesPdeliverytolakes

Chlorophyll‐aPigmentusedinphotosynthesisUsedassurrogateforphytoplanktonbiomass

SecchiDiskTransparencyMeasureofwaterclarityMeasuredusingaSecchidisk

TN:TP=42:1


July 7, 2018 9


Near‐SurfaceTotalPhosphorus

No Trend


July 7, 2018 10


Chlorophyll‐a

No Trend, but slight decline in recent years


July 7, 2018 11


Secchi DiskTransparency(WaterClarity)

Variable, but No Trend


July 7, 2018 12


0123456789

10111213141516

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Secc

hi D

isk

Dep

th (f

eet)

Chlorophyll-α (µg/L)

0123456789

10111213141516

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Secc

hi D

isk

Dep

th (f

eet)


Chlorophyll– Secchi Relationship

0123456789

10111213141516

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Secc

hi D

isk

Dep

th (f

eet)


0123456789

10111213141516

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Secc

hi D

isk

Dep

th (f

eet)


Measured

Predicted

• Lower water clarity due to sediment resuspension

• Shallow water in combination with large surface area


July 7, 2018 13


‐Lake Aging

Lake Trophic States

Oligotrophic

Eutrophic

Mesotrophic

Eutrophication


July 7, 2018 14


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100Tr

ophi

c S

tate

Inde

x

TSI - Total Phosphorus

TSI - Chlorophyll-a

TSI - Secchi Disk Transparency

Hypereutrophic

Eutrophic

Mesotrophic

Oligotrophic

Large DataGaps

TrophicStateIndex

Oligo‐mesotrophic


July 7, 2018 15


ZebraMussels(Dreissena polymorpha)• DiscoveredinKangarooLakein2008

• Createhostofecological&economicimpacts• Alterationstofoodweb• Changesinwaterquality• Displacementofnativemussels


July 7, 2018 16

Watershed

Elevation

Feet

575 800

10,079acres(15.7mi2)WS:LA=8:1FlushingRate:1.5times/year


July 7, 2018 17


WatershedAssessmentProcedure

Urban ‐ High Density

Row Crops

Urban ‐ Med Density

Pasture/Grass

Open Water

Rural Residential

Wetlands

Forest

LessNegativeIm

pactonLakeGreaterPhosphorusExport/Acre


July 7, 2018 18

Watershed

Legend

River/Stream

Pasture/Grass

Row Crops

Rural Residential

Rural Open Space

Forest

Forested Wetlands

Wetlands

Open Water Medium Density Urban

Pasture/Grass5,001 acres

50%

Forest1,859 acres

18%

Forested & Non-Forested Wetlands

1,174 acres12%

Kangaroo Lake Surface

1,170 acres12%

Row Crops649 acres

6%

Rural Residential221 acres

2%

Urban - Medium Density5 acres

<1%


July 7, 2018 19


WatershedPhosphorusLoading

Phosphorus Loading

Watershed Land Cover

Modeled Annual Potential Phosphorus Load From Watershed: ~2,500 lbs

Predicted In‐Lake Growing SeasonMean Total Phosphorus Concentration:

52 µg/L

Actual In‐Lake Growing SeasonMean Total Phosphorus Concentration:

14.9 µg/L

248% Difference! Inaccurate Model!


50%

Forest1,859 acres

18%


1,174 acres12%


1,170 acres12%

Row Crops649 acres

6%


2%


<1%

Pasture/Grass1,338 lbs

53%

Row Crops580 lbs

23%

Kangaroo Lake Surface313 lbs

12%

Forest150 lbs

6%


106 lbs4%

Rural Residential20 lbs

1%

Septic Systems19 lbs

1%

Urban - Medium Density

2 lbs0%


July 7, 2018 20

Watershed

Legend

Somewhat Poorly Drained

Excessively DrainedWell DrainedModerately Well Drained

Poorly DrainedVery Poorly Drained


July 7, 2018 21


WatershedPhosphorusLoading

Phosphorus Loading

Watershed Land Cover


50%

Forest1,859 acres

18%


1,174 acres12%


1,170 acres12%

Row Crops649 acres

6%


2%


<1%

Kangaroo Lake Surface313 lbs

63%

Pasture/Grass102 lbs

20%

Row Crops44 lbs

9%

Septic Systems19 lbs

4%

Forest11 lbs

2%

Wetlands8 lbs2%

Rural Residential

2 lbs<1%

Total Loading: ~500 lbs/year


July 7, 2018 22

ShorelandCondition


July 7, 2018 23


ShorelandAssessment• Shorelandareaisimportantforbufferingrunoffandprovides

valuablehabitatforaquaticandterrestrialwildlife.• EPANationalLakesAssessmentresultsindicateshoreland

developmenthasgreatestnegativeimpacttohealthofournation’slakes.

• Itdoesnotlookatlakeshorelineonaproperty‐by‐propertybasis.• Assessmentranksshorelandareafromshorelineback35feet

Urbanized Natural

Range


July 7, 2018 24

LegendNatural/UndevelopedDeveloped-NaturalDeveloped-Semi-NaturalDeveloped-UnnaturalUrbanized

Seawall

ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ Rip-RapMasonry/Metal/Wood

0.26 miles of rip‐rap/seawalls(~6% shoreline)

ShorelandConditionNorthBasin

Natural/Undeveloped3.8 miles

91%Developed-Natural

0.1 miles2%

Developed-Semi-Natural

0.03 miles1%

Developed-Unnatural0.3 miles

6%


July 7, 2018 25

LegendNatural/UndevelopedDeveloped-NaturalDeveloped-Semi-NaturalDeveloped-UnnaturalUrbanized

Seawall

ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ Rip-RapMasonry/Metal/Wood

1.5 miles of rip‐rap/seawalls(~21% shoreline)

ShorelandConditionSouthBasin

Natural/Undeveloped2.7 miles

39%

Developed-Natural

0.8 miles11%Developed-Semi-

Natural1.5 miles

21%

Developed-Unnatural1.0 miles

14%

Urbanized1.1 miles

15%


July 7, 2018 26

CoarseWoodyHabitat


July 7, 2018 27

CWH:Shoreline Mile = 23:1

CoarseWoodyHabitatNorthBasin

2-8 Inch PiecesNo Branches!(

Minimal Branches!(

Moderate Branches!(

Full Canopy!(

Cluster of PiecesNo Branches "

Minimal Branches"

"Moderate Branches

"Full Canopy

8+ Inch Pieces

Full Canopy!(

Minimal Branches!(

No Branches!(

Moderate Branches !(


July 7, 2018 28

CWH:Shoreline Mile = 37:1

2-8 Inch PiecesNo Branches!(

Minimal Branches!(

Moderate Branches!(

Full Canopy!(

Cluster of PiecesNo Branches "

Minimal Branches"

"Moderate Branches

"Full Canopy

8+ Inch Pieces

Full Canopy!(

Minimal Branches!(

No Branches!(

Moderate Branches !(

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

WI State

CW

H Pi

eces

/Sho

relin

e M

ile

KangarooTotal Lake

Kangaroo South Basin

KangarooNorth Basin

CoarseWoodyHabitatSouthBasin


July 7, 2018 29

Management Goal:Maintain Current Water Quality Conditions

Management Actions1. Continue monitoring of lakes’ water quality through

WDNR Citizens Lake Monitoring Network (CLMN)2. Continue monitoring of Piel Creek water quality through

the WDNR Water Action Volunteers (WAV)Important for tracking sudden & long-term changes.

3. Preserve natural & restore highly developed shoreland areas on Kangaroo Lake to improve habitat, reduce erosion, & protect water quality.

4. Preserve natural land cover within the Kangaroo Lake watershed beyond the immediate shoreland zone.



July 7, 2018 30

AquaticPlants


July 7, 2018 31

Onterra, LLCLake Management PlanningOnterra, LLCLake Management PlanningOnterra, LLCLake Management Planning

AquaticPlantSpecies

GrowthForm

ScientificName

CommonName

Coeffecient ofConservatism (C)

South Basin(2003)

South Basin(2016)

North Basin(2016)

Eleocharis palustris Creeping spikerush 6 • I XEquisetum fluviatile Water horsetail 7 •

Iris versicolor Northern blue flag 5 • I IJuncus effusus Soft rush 4 I

Phragmites australis subsp. americanus Common reed 5 ISagittaria latifolia Common arrowhead 3 • I

Sagittaria sp. (sterile) Arrowhead sp. (sterile) N/A I ISchoenoplectus acutus Hardstem bulrush 5 • X X

Schoenoplectus pungens Three-square rush 5 • X ISchoenoplectus tabernaemontani Softstem bulrush 4 •

Typha latifolia Broad-leaved cattail 1 • I IZizania palustris Northern wild rice 8 X

Nuphar variegata Spatterdock 6 • I XNymphaea odorata White water lily 6 • X

Sparganium fluctuans Floating-leaf bur-reed 10 •Chara spp. Muskgrasses 7 • X X

Heteranthera dubia Water stargrass 6 XMyriophyllum heterophyllum Various-leaved watermilfoil 7 • X X

Myriophyllum spicatum Eurasian watermilfoil Exotic • X XNajas flexilis Slender naiad 6 • X X

Potamogeton amplifolius Large-leaf pondweed 7 • XPotamogeton friesii Fries' pondweed 8 I

Potamogeton gramineus Variable-leaf pondweed 7 • X XPotamogeton illinoensis Illinois pondweed 6 • X X

Potamogeton illinoensis X P. richardsonii llinois x clasping-leaf pondweed hybrid N/A IPotamogeton natans Floating-leaf pondweed 5 • X

Potamogeton richardsonii Clasping-leaf pondweed 5 •Stuckenia pectinata Sago pondweed 3 • X XUtricularia intermedia Flat-leaf bladderwort 9 X

Utricularia minor Small bladderwort 10 XUtricularia vulgaris Common bladderwort 7 • X X

Vallisneria americana Wild celery 6 • X X

Eleocharis acicularis Needle spikerush 5 •Lemna minor Lesser duckweed 5 •

• = Located during 2003 surveys; X = Located on rake during 2016 point-intercept survey; I = Incidentally located during 2016 surveysFL = Floating-leaf; S/E = Submergent & Emergent; FF = Free-floating

S/E

FFE

mer

gent

FLS

ubm

erge

nt

• 28specieslocated• 1non‐native:EWM• NativePhragmites subspecieslocatedinnorthbasin


July 7, 2018 32


LittoralFrequencyofOccurrence

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Litto

ral F

requ

ency

of O

ccur

ence

(%

)

NorthBasin


July 7, 2018 33


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Litto

ral F

requ

ency

of O

ccur

ence

(%

)


LittoralFrequencyofOccurrenceSouthBasin


July 7, 2018 34


KangarooLakeCommonPlants


July 7, 2018 35


FloristicQualityAnalysis

16

6.5

26.0

12

6.0

20.819

6.4

28.0

15

5.4

20.9

19

6.3

27.5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Native Species Richness Average Conservatism Floristic Quality Index

Kangaroo North BasinKangaroo South BasinKangaroo Total LakeSWTP Ecoregion MedianWisconsin State Median

Error bars represent interquartile range


July 7, 2018 36


Simpson’sDiversityIndex

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

0.90

1.00

SWTP State

Sim

pson

's D

ivers

ity In

dex

(1-D

)

Maximum

Minimum

Lower QuartileUpper QuartileMedian

Outlier

Kangaroo Lake ‐ North Basin

Kangaroo Lake ‐ South Basin


July 7, 2018 37

Emergent&Floating‐leafAquaticPlants


July 7, 2018 38

LegendLarge Plant Communities

Emergent

Floating-leaf

Mixed Floating-leaf& Emergent

Small Plant Communities

Mixed Floating-leaf& Emergent!(

Floating-leaf!(

Emergent!(

Plant Community North Basin South Basin Total LakeEmergent 154.9 11.3 166.3Floating-leaf 15.2 1.6 16.8Mixed Emergent & Floating-leaf 1.7 1.4 3.1Total 171.9 14.3 186.2

Acres


July 7, 2018 39

Hardstem Bulrush Population


July 7, 2018 40

1930s: ~175 acres

Legend

Historical Communities

2016 Community

EmergentFloating-leafMixed Floating-leaf & Emergent

Large Plant CommunitiesSmall Plant Communities

2003 Emergent and/or Floating-leafHistorical Bulrush Community

Small Plant Communities Large Plant Communities2003 Emergent and/or Floating-leaf(

Emergent!(

Floating-leaf!(

Mixed Floating-leaf & Emergent!(



July 7, 2018 41

1930s: ~175 acres2003: ~16.8 acres

Legend


2016 Community





Emergent!(

Floating-leaf!(




July 7, 2018 42

1930s: ~175 acres2003: ~16.8 acres2016: ~14.3 acres

Legend


2016 Community





Emergent!(

Floating-leaf!(




July 7, 2018 43


ReductioninBulrushes• Likelyduetoacombinationofinteractingfactors

• Changesinhydrology– daminstallationin1937• Increaseinshorelanddevelopment• Increaseinmotorboattraffic• Increasedherbivory?(Geese,muskrats)


July 7, 2018 44

Management Goal:Protect & Enhance Native Aquatic Plant

Communities in Kangaroo LakeManagement Actions

1. Protect & enhance the hardstem bulrush population insouth basin of Kangaroo Lake

Continue monitoring of experimental plantings & education of lake users on importance of protection.

2. Conduct periodic, professional monitoring of the emergent & floating-leaf aquatic plant communities within the south basin of Kangaroo Lake.

Conduct survey every 10 years to gain further insight into bulrush population dynamics. Next survey in 2025.



July 7, 2018 45

Eurasian watermilfoilHighly ScatteredScatteredDominantHighly DominantSurface Matting

Single or Few PlantsClumps of PlantsSmall Plant Colony

!(

!(

!(

2017EWMLocationsNorthBasin


July 7, 2018 46

Eurasian watermilfoilHighly ScatteredScatteredDominantHighly DominantSurface Matting

Single or Few PlantsClumps of PlantsSmall Plant Colony

!(

!(

!(

2017EWMLocationsSouthBasin

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

2016 2017

Col

oniz

ed A

crea

ge o

f EW

M (p

olyg

ons)

Surface MattingHighly DominantDominantScatteredHighly Scattered

10.8 10.5

Lake‐WideTotal


July 7, 2018 47


Eurasianwatermilfoil

6.2 4.4 4.1 2.1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Freq

uenc

y of

Occ

urre

nce

(%)

25.718.7 18.2

9.1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Freq

uenc

y of

Occ

urre

nce

(%)

South Basin

Sub‐Sample Locations


July 7, 2018 48

Management Goal:Control Existing Aquatic Invasive Species & Prevent New

Introductions & Spread from Kangaroo LakeManagement Actions

1. Conduct periodic, lake-wide professional vegetation monitoring in the south basin of Kangaroo Lake.

EWM population currently low. KLA would like to continue monitoring the population through PI survey every 5 years.

2. Continue annual monitoring and hand-removal of EWM within the north basin of Kangaroo Lake.

Focused on smaller EWM occurrences. Led by Kari at the Nature Conservancy.

3. Investigate feasibility of implementing DASH to control dominant colony of EWM in north basin of Kangaroo Lake.



July 7, 2018 49

Management Goal:Control Existing Aquatic Invasive Species & Prevent New Introductions & Spread from Kangaroo Lake continued

Management Actions4. Investigate implementing annual, volunteer-based

monitoring of Kangaroo Lake’s zebra mussel population following established WDNR/UW-Extension protocols.

Deploy substrate samplers & count mussels to determine density.

5. Initiate aquatic invasive species rapid response plan upon discovery of new infestation.



July 7, 2018 50

Management Goal:Enhance the Fishery of Kangaroo Lake

Management Actions1. Develop a Kangaroo Lake Fisheries Committee to work

with WDNR fisheries managers to enhance the fishery of Kangaroo Lake.

Lake may be shifting from walleye to bass/panfish fishery –cause is unknown.KLA is working with WDNR fisheries biologist to enhance coarse woody habitat.Fisheries committee will work with WDNR fisheries biologist to determine ways habitat can be enhanced further



July 7, 2018 51

Management Goal:Assure & Enhance the Communication & Outreach of the

KLA with Lake StakeholdersManagement Actions

1. Promote stakeholder involvement, inform stakeholders on various lake issues, as well as the quality of life on Kangaroo Lake

Continue newsletter publication & maintain website.Consider creation of Facebook page as additional avenue for distribution of information.

2. Enhance the KLA’s involvement with other entities that manage aspects of Kangaroo Lake.

KLA actively engages with all management entities (e.g. WDNR, Nature Conservancy, Bailey’s Harbor, etc.)



July 7, 2018 52


Wisconsin Lakes Partnership

Many of the graphics used in this presentation were supplied by:


ThankYou

Kangaroo Wrap-Up 7-7-18 print fileKangaroo Lake Management Planning Project Wrap‐up July 7 ......

Documents

Transcript of Kangaroo Wrap-Up 7-7-18 print fileKangaroo Lake Management Planning Project Wrap‐up July 7 ......