kalasalingam.ac.inK. F. Riley, M. P. Hobson and S ... Interior and exterior solutions ... DRAM...

KALASALINGAM UNIVERSITY(Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education)

(Under Section 3 of UGC Act 1956)Anand Nagar, Krishnankoil – 626 126

M.Sc. Physics

Curriculum and Syllabi2017

KALASALINGAMUNIVERSITY(Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education)

Anand Nagar, Krishnankoil – 626 126

DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS

B.Sc. (Physics) Programme

University/ Department

VISION MISSION

Kalasalingam University

To be a Centre of Excellence of International repute in education and research

To produce technically competent, socially committed technocrats and administrators through quality education and research

Department of Physics

To achieve excellence in education

and research in the field of Physics

and other related areas through

knowledge creation and

dissemination.

Impart quality education and

promote scientific temper

Blend theoretical knowledge with

practical skills

Motivate basic/academic and

applied research in technically

important fields

Provide access to all sections of

the society to pursue higher

education

Inculcate moral values and ethics

among students

Prepare students as responsible

citizens

Hasten the process of creating a

knowledgeable society

PROGRAMME EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES

PEO1: Technical Proficiency

Succeed in obtaining employment appropriate to their interests, education and will become valuable physicist

PEO2: Professional Growth

Continue to develop professionally through life-long learning, higher education, research and other creative pursuits in their areas of specialization

PEO3: Management Skills

Improve leadership qualities in a technical and social response through innovative manner

PROGRAMME OUTCOMES

The Program Outcomes of PG Physics are:

At the end of the programme, the students will

PO1: Gain the Knowledge and Understanding of the fundamental laws and principles of a variety of areas of physics; along with their application in Research skills which include advanced laboratory techniques, numerical techniques, computer algebra, computer interfacing;

PO2: Be able to use advanced mathematical tools to describe the physical world; and to provide lucid summation of the scientific literature in a given topic of study;

PO3: Be able to plan, execute and report the results of an extended experimental or theoretical physics based project in a research environment.

PO4: Learn how to apply theoretical knowledge of physical principles and mathematical techniques to practical problems;

PO5: Demonstrate the ability to plan and report on a programme of original work; including the planning and execution of experiments, the analysis and interpretation of experimental results, and an assessment of the errors involved;

PO6: Plan and execute a series of experiments or computations, including the identification and use of specialist equipment; and to give technical presentations in a variety of styles and defend their work in a manner appropriate to a scientific conference;

PO7: Communicate effectively by listening carefully and presenting complex information in a clear and concise manner orally, on paper and using ICT and to appreciate the financial and organizational context they will encounter in a career in science and technology.

Kalasalingam UniversityM.Sc. Physics-Curriculum Structure

Semester Sub. Code Subject name CreditI PHY5001 Mathematical Physics 4

PHY5002 Classical and Statistical mechanics 4PHY5003 Electronics 4PHY5004 Spectroscopy 4PHY5081 General practical 4PHY5082 Comprehensive Viva 2

II PHY5005 Quantum Mechanics-I 4PHY5006 Solid State Physics 4PHY5007 Nuclear physics 4PHY5008 Electromagnetic theory and Relativity 4PHY5083 Electronics Practical 4PHY5084 Comprehensive Viva 2

III PHY5009 Modern optics 4PHY5010 Quantum Mechanics-II 4PHY5101/PHY5201

Special Paper-ICrystal Physics/ Digital logical circuits

4

PHY5102/PHY5202

Special Paper-IIPhonon and Electrical transport based phenomena in solids/ Electronic instrumentation

4

PHY5181/PHY5281

Special paper laboratoryCondensed Matter Physics laboratory/Electronics laboratory

4

PHY5085 Comprehensive Viva 2IV PHY5011 Programming in CPP 4

PHY7001- PHY7004

Elective 4

PHY5103/PHY5203

Special Paper-IIIOptical phenomena in solids/ Microprocessors, DSP’s and interfacing

4

PHY5104/PHY5204

Special Paper-IVDielectric and Magnetic properties in solids/Optical fibre communication

4

PHY8000 Project and Viva Voce 8Total credits 90

Elective Papers

Sl. No. Sub. Code Subject Name1 PHY7001 Quantum Field Theory2 PHY7002 Physics of liquid crystals3 PHY7003 Communication Electronics4 PHY7004 Energy Physics

Subject Code Mathematical Physics L T P CPHY5001 4 0 0 4

Pre-requisite: Nil Course Category: Program coreCourse Type: Theory

Course Objective:The aim of this course focuses to enable the students to apply the mathematical concepts in physicsCourse Outcomes:Upon successful completion of this course, Students will be able toCO1: Understand the basic concepts of matrix CO2: Analyse the concepts of vector calculus CO3: Understand the basic knowledge on differential equations and special functionsCO4: Learn the basic concepts on Fourier seriesCO5: Apply numerical methods to solve real world physical problems Mapping of Course Outcome(s):

CO/PO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7CO1 H H M M M LCO2 M M L M L L LCO3 M H M L M LCO4 M H M L L M MCO5 H M H L L

H – High correlation; M – Medium Correlation; L – Low CorrelationUnit I: Matrix 12 HoursLinearVectorspacesandMatrices–Vectorspaces–Linearoperators–Matrixadditionand multiplication by a scalar– multiplication of matrices– Basic matrix algebra– Functions of matrices – The transpose of a matrix – The complex and Hermitian conjugatesofamatrix–Thetraceofamatrix–Thedeterminantofamatrix–The inverse of a matrix – The rank of a matrix – Eigenvectors and eigenvalues –Change of basis and similarity transformation – Diagonalisation of matrices.Unit II: Vector Calculus 12 HoursVectorcalculus–Differentiationofvectors–compositevectorexpressions;differential ofa vector – Integration of vectors– Space curves– Vector functions ofseveral arguments – Surfaces – Scalar and vector fields – Vector operators – Vector operator formulae – Cylindrical and spherical polar coordinates – General curvilinear coordinates.Unit III: Special functions 12 HoursOrdinary differential equations – Power series solutions for second order ordinary differential equations – Singular points of ordinary differential equations – Sturm – Liouville problems – Hermite, Legendre, Laugerre and Bessel functions– Recurrence relations and generating functions – Spherical harmonics – Addition theorem – Gamma, beta and error functions.Unit IV: Fourier series 12 HoursFourier series – The dirichlet conditions – The Fourier coefficients – Symmetry considerations – Discontinuous functions – Non periodic functions – Complex Fourier series – Parseval’s theorem – Fourier transforms – Laplace transforms.Unit V: Numerical methods 12 HoursNumerical methods – Algebraic and transcendental equations –Newton-Raphson method – Convergence ofiterationschemes–Simultaneouslinearequations–Gaussianelimination;gauss- seidel iteration; tridiagonal matrices – Numerical integration – trapezium rule; simpson’s rule; Gaussian integration; monte-carlo methods – Finite differences – Differential equations – Taylor series solutions; Runge-Kutta methods.Text Books:

1. G. Arfken and H. J. Weber, Mathematical Methods for Physicists, Academic Press,

6thEdition, Indian Edition, 2005.2. P. Dennerey and A. Kryzwicki, Mathematics for Physicists, Dover, 2005.

Reference Books:1. K. F. Riley, M. P. Hobson and S. J. Bence, Mathematical Methods for Physics and

Engineering, Cambridge University Press (Cambridge Low-priced Edition), 1999.2. Schaum’s outline series, McGraw Hill, 1964 3. L. A. Pipes and L. R. Harwell, Applied Mathematics for Engineers and Physicists,

McGraw-Hill, 1995.4. I. N. Sneddon, The Use of Integral Transforms, Tata McGraw Hill,1985.

Subject Code Classical Mechanics and Statistical Mechanics L T P CPHY5002 4 0 0 4

Pre-requisite: Nil Course Category:Program coreCourse Type:Theory

Objective:This course aims to focus on the thorough understanding of the classical mechanics to solve Physical system and statistical mechanics to solve physical systemsCourse Outcomes:Upon successful completion of this course, Students will be able toCO1: Apply the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian‘s formalism for solving the macroscopic physical problems CO2: Understand the basic concepts of canonical transformations and Poisson‘s brackets CO3: Understand the basic concepts in small oscillation CO4: Gain the basic knowledge on Classical statisticsCO5: understand the basic concepts of quantum statisticsMapping of Course Outcome(s):

CO/PO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7CO1 H H M L M MCO2 H M M L M L LCO3 H M L L M MCO4 H H M L L M MCO5 H M H L L

H – High correlation; M – Medium Correlation; L – Low CorrelationUnit I: Lagrangian & Hamiltonian Formalism 12 HoursLagrangian & Hamiltonian Formalism-Hamiltonian variational Principle - Lagrange’s equations of motion-Application of Lagrange’s equation-Linear Harmonic oscillator- Particle moving under central force- Single particle in space – Cartesian & plane polar coordinates - Atwood’s machine- Hamilton’s equations of motion –Deduction of Hamiltonian’s equation from variational principle-Application of Hamiltonian’s equations of motion- Linear Harmonic oscillator-Particle moving under central force- A bead on a straight Wire – Atwood’s Machine -Principle of least actionUnit II: Canonical transformations and Poisson brackets 12 HoursCanonical transformations and Poisson brackets - Canonical transformation – Generating function – Properties of canonical transformation– Poisson bracket – Properties of Poisson bracket – constant of motion using Poisson brackets – Poisson brackets of canonical variables – Poisson’s Theorem. – Invariance of Poisson bracket under canonical transformation – Motion as successive canonical transformation (Infinitesimal generators). Harmonic oscillator problem using infinitesimal generators.Unit III: Small oscillations 12 HoursHJ equation, Central force & Small Oscillations - The Hamilton – Jacobi equation for Hamilton’s principle function – Harmonic oscillator problem using Hamilton’s – Jacobi method–Centralforce–definitionandcharacteristics–Twobodyproblem–Equation of the orbit – Classification of orbits – Stable & unstable equilibrium-Lagrange’s equation for small oscillations-– Normal modes Normal frequencies and Normal coordinates – Two masses and three springs – Three coupled pendulums – Free vibrations of linear tri atomic molecule.Unit IV: Classical Statistics 12 HoursMaxwell Boltzmann Distribution Law (no derivation)-Evaluation of Constants- Maxwell’s Law of Distribution of Velocities-Most Probable, Mean, Mean Square and Root Mean Square Speeds- Principle of Equipartition of Energy-Partition Function- Total Internal Energy of

an Ideal Gas-Molar Heat Capacity of a gas at Constant Volume- Entropy-Helmholtz Free Energy-Pressure and Equation of State of an Ideal Gas.Unit V: Quantum Statics 12 HoursBose-Einstein Distribution Law(no derivation)- B-E Energy Distribution for energies in the range E to E+dE-Condition for B-E Distribution to approachM-BDistribution-BoseTemperature-Bose-EinsteinCondensation-Planck’sLawfromB-ELaw – Fermi Dirac Distribution Law (no derivation)-F-DLawforenergiesin the range E to E+dE-Fermi Energy-Effect of Temperature-Energy Distribution Curve- Free Electrons in a Metal- Comparison of M-B, B-E and F-D Statistics.Text Books:

1. H. Goldstein, “Classical Mechanics”, Narosa Publishing House, 19962. Elements of Statistical Mechanics-Gupta & Kumar- Pragati Prakashan- Meerut

Reference Books:1. John R. Taylor, “Classical Mechanics”, University Science books, 2005.2. R. G. Takwale and R. S. Puranik, “ Introduction to “Classical Mechanics” Tata

McGraw Hill Publishing Company Limited, 2006.3. P. V. Panat, “Classical Mechanics”, Narosa Publishing House, 2005.4. Elements of Statistical Mechanics-Kamal Singh & S.P. Singh- S. Chand & Company,

New Delhi.5. Fundamentals of Statistical Mechanics and Thermal Physics-E.Reif-McGraw Hill

Subject Code Electronics L T P C

PHY5003 4 0 0 4Pre-requisite: Nil Course Category:Program core

Course Type:TheoryObjective:This course aims to give exposure to the students on basic analog and digital electronic components, devices and their applicationsCourse Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, Students will be able toCO1:Understand the basic concepts of amplifiers and operational amplifiersCO2:Understand the characteristics field effect transistorsCO3:Analyse the characteristics of oscillators and wave shaping circuitsCO4:Apply the digital logic gates and design the different types of logic devicesCO5: Understand the basic knowledge on various communication systemsMapping of Course Outcome(s):

CO/PO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7CO1 H H M H M LCO2 M L H H H L LCO3 H L L H M LCO4 H M M L L M MCO5 H M H L L

H – High correlation; M – Medium Correlation; L – Low CorrelationUnit I: Amplifiers and OPAMP 12 HoursAmplifiers-Small signal mid frequency BJT amplifier–CC, CB, CE amplifier analysis-small signal mid frequency FET amplifier–CS,CD,CG amplifier analysis– Bode plots and Frequency response - Operational amplifiers –Characteristics of OPAMP - summing, scaling and averaging amplifiers, instrumentation amplifier, integrator and differentiator.Unit II: Field Effect Transistor 12 HoursCircuit analysis-Circuit elements-Circuit laws-Network theorems–Two port networks – Semiconductor diodes – Rectifier applications - Bipolar junction transistors – current relationships – Bias and DC load lines – Capacitors and AC load lines – Field effect transistors – JFET bias line and load line – MOSFET construction and Symbols – MOSFET bias and load lines.Unit II: Oscillator and Wave shaping circuits 12 HoursOscillators and Wave Shaping Circuits - Oscillator Principle - Oscillator types - Frequency stability, response - The Phase shift oscillator, Wein bridge oscillator, LC tunable oscillators - Multivibrators – Monostable and Astable – Comparators - Square wave and Triangle wave generation - Clamping and Clipping - Voltage regulators- fixed regulators, Adjustable voltage regulators, Switching regulators.Unit IV: Digital electronics 12 HoursDigital Electronics - Combinational Logic - The transistor as a switch – circuit Realization of OR, AND, NOT, NOR and NAND gates, Exclusive OR gate, Boolean algebra-Demorgan's theorems Adder, Subtractor, Comparator, Decoder/Demultiplexer-Data selector/ multiplexer –Encoder - Sequential Logic: Flip -Flops: one-bit memory; TheRSFlipflop,JKFlip-Flop,JKmasterslaveFlip-Flops,TFlip-Flop,DFlip-Flop, Shift resisters - synchronous and asynchronous counters- cascade counters, Binary counter, Decade counter.Unit V: Communications 12 HoursRadio-Frequency Transmitters – Modulations – Analog to Digital conversion – Image Transmission – Radio-Frequency Receivers – Simple Designs – The Modern Receiver – Pre

detector stages – Detectors – Audio stages - Television Reception – Telecommunications – Networks – Satellites – Personal communications systems.Text Books:

1. Millman and Halkias - Integrated Electronics.2. A.P.Malvino, D.P.Leach – Digital Principles and Applications.3. Ryder - Electronic Fundamentals and applications

Reference Books:1. Jimmie J Cathey, Electronic Devices and Circuits, Schaum’s Outlines series2. Millman and Thub - Pulse, Digital and Switching waveforms.3. Stan Gibilisco - Electronics Demystified6. Bapat – Electonics Devices and Circuits

Subject Code Spectroscopy L T P CPHY5004 4 0 0 4Pre-requisite: Nil Course Category:Program core

Course Type:TheoryObjective:The aim of this course is to get exposure on different spectroscopic techniques and their applications Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, Students will be able toCO1:Understand the basic concepts of spectroscopy and group theory. CO2:Acquire the basic knowledge on microwave and infrared spectroscopyCO3:Analyse the dynamics of molecules using Raman spectroscopyCO4:Apply the electron spin resonance spectroscopic technique in understanding the transition metal complexesCO5: Understand the basic knowledge on nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and their types Mapping of Course Outcome(s):

CO/PO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7CO1 H H M M M LCO2 H M L L M L LCO3 H M L L M LCO4 H H M L L M MCO5 H M H L L

H – High correlation; M – Medium Correlation; L – Low CorrelationUnit I: Introduction to spectroscopy 12 HoursSpectroscopy-Electromagnetic radiation and its interaction with matter - Uncertainty principle - Natural line width and broadening.GroupTheory:Definitionofgroup,symmetry,pointgroups,representationofgroup,orthogonality theorem, irreducible representation, character table, direct sum, direct product, derivation of projection operator.Unit II: Microwave and Infrared Spectroscopy 12 HoursMicrowave-classification of molecules-rigid rotor model-selection rules - intensity of spectral lines - effect of isotopic substitution - Stark effect.Infrared - Review of harmonic oscillator - selection rules - vibrational energy of diatomic molecules - zero point energy - force constant and bond strength – anharmonicity - Morse potential energy diagram - vibration-rotation spectroscopy - P, Q, R, branches - Breakdown of Born-Oppenheimer approximation - vibration of polyatomic molecules - normal mode of vibration - group frequencies – overtone - hot bands.Unit III: Raman Spectroscopy 12 HoursRaman: Classical and quantum theories of Raman effect – pure rotational-vibrational and vibrational-rotational Raman spectra, selection rules, mutual exclusion principle. Resonance Raman. Molecular Spectroscopy: Energy levels, MO, vibronic transitions, Franck-Condon principle, electronic spectra of polyatomic molecules. Emission spectra, radiative and non-radiative decay, internal conversion. Photoelectron spectroscopy.Unit IV: Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy 12 HoursElectron Spin Resonance: Hyperfine coupling, spin polarization for atoms and transition metalions,spin-orbitcouplingandsignificanceofg-tensor,applicationoftransitionmetal complexes having one unpaired electron including biological systems and to inorganic free

radicals such as PH4,F2-and [BH3]-.

Unit V: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy 12 HoursNuclear Magnetic Resonance: The contact and pseudo contact shifts, factors affecting nuclear relaxation, some applications including biological systems, an overview of NMR of metal nuclides. Chemical shift, spin-spin interaction, shielding mechanism, complex spin-spin interaction, variation of coupling constant with dihedral angle, nuclear magnetic double resonance, nuclear overhauser effect (NOE), resonance of other nuclei. 13C NMR: Chemical shift, 13C coupling constants, two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy.Text Books:

1. Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy by C. N. Banwell and E. M. McCash, Tata McGraw Hill, 1994.

2. Introduction to Molecular Spectroscopy by G. M. Barrow, McGraw HillReference Books:

1. Introduction to Atomic Spectra by H. E. White, McGraw Hill, 1934.2. Modern Molecular Photochemistry by Nicholas J. Turro, University ScienceBooks,

19913. Physical Methods in Chemistry by R. S. Drago, Saunders, 19924. Inorganic Electronic Spectroscopy by A. B. P. Lever, Elsevier, 1984, 2nd Ed.

Subject Code General Practical L T P CPHY5081 4 0 0 4Pre-requisite: Nil Course Category:Program core

Course Type: Laboratory Course

Course Objective:The aim of this laboratory course is to develop an ability to identify, formulate and solve problems using experimental physics.Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, Students will be able toCO1:Acquire the knowledge, experimental physics etc. in physicsCO2:Improve the analytical and observation ability in physics experimentsCO3:Analyse the various physical properties such as optical, electrical and magnetic properties using experimental observationCO4:Implement the experimental skills in solving advanced problems Mapping of Course Outcome(s):

CO/PO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7CO1 H L L H M MCO2 H L L L L L LCO3 H L L L L LCO4 H H L L L L

H – High correlation; M – Medium Correlation; L – Low Correlation45 Hours

Sl. No. Name of the Experiments

1 Determination of the coefficient of self inductance of the given coil by forming Owen’s bridge

2 Determination of the refractive index of the given liquid using laser and verifying the result using hollow prism.

3 Determination of the susceptibility of the given paramagnetic salt by Quincke’s method.(conventional method)

4 Determination of the value of the given capacitor by forming Wien bridge network.

5 Determination of wavelength of prominent lines using comparator.

6 Determination of the coefficient of mutual inductance between the given pair of coils using Carey Foster bridge.

7 Study of the variation of coefficient of coupling between the given pair of coils using Anderson’s bridge.

8 Measurement of thermal conductivity of the material.

9 Measurement of magneto resistance of the material.

10 Michelson’s interferometer – determination of wavelength of the source of light.

11 Optic bench – determination of the wavelength of the source of light.12 Arc spectrum photography – Mass spectrometer.

Text Book:

1. A Text Book of Practical Physics by M. N. Srinivasan, S. Balasubramanian, R. Ranganathan-Sultan Chand &Sons, 2007.

Reference Books:2. A Text Book of Practical Physics by Indu Prakash& Ramakrishna , KitabMahal

Agencies, New Delhi, 2011 3. Practical Physics, S.R. Govinda Rajan, T. Murugaiyan S. SundaraRajan,

Rochouse& Sons

II SEMESTER

Subject Code Quantum Mechanics– I L T P CPHY5005 4 0 0 4Pre-requisite: Nil Course Category: Program core

Course Type: Laboratory Course Course Objective:The aim of this course is to make the students to understand the concepts of quantum physics and their applications in microscopic systems Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, Students will be able toCO1:Understand the basic concepts of Schrodinger wave equation and its applications CO2:Acquire the basic knowledge on eigen values and eigen functionsCO3:Apply the Schrodinger wave equation to get eigen values of bound systemsCO4:Understand the matrix formulation in quantum mechanicsCO5: Acquire the basic knowledge on angular momentum of quantum mechanical systemsMapping of Course Outcome(s):

CO/PO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7CO1 H M H M H LCO2 H M L L L LCO3 H L L M L LCO4 H L L L L L LCO5 H L L L

H – High correlation; M – Medium Correlation; L – Low CorrelationUnit I: The Schrödinger wave equation 12 HoursNeed for wave equation – The one dimensional wave equation – Extension to three dimension – Interpretation of the wave function – Statistical interpretation – Normalization of the wave function – Probability – Current density – Expectation values – Ehrenfest theorem. Eigen energy function: Separation of wave equation – Significance of separation constant E – Boundary conditions at large distances – Continuity conditions – One dimensional square well potential – Perfectly rigid walls – Finite potential step – Energy level parity.Unit II: Eigen function and Eigen values 12 HoursPostulates – Dynamical variables as operators – Expansion in Eigen function – Ortho normality of energy Eigen functions – Reality of energy eigen values - Probability function and expectation value – Momentum Eigen functions – Box normalization – Dirac normalization Schwartz inequality – Minimal uncertainty product – Form of the minimum wave packet – Schrödinger equation in momentum representation. Unit III: Discrete Eigen values: Bound States 12 HoursDiscrete Eigen values: One dimensional and three dimensional linear harmonic oscillator – Energy levels – Degeneracy – Zero-point energy – Rigid rotor – Eigen values and Eigen functions – Spherically symmetric potential – Spherical harmonics – Solutions for l=0 and arbitrary l values - Interior and exterior solutions - Schrödinger equation for the hydrogen atom – Solution for s-state only and the ground state wave function.Unit IV: Matrix formulation 12 HoursHilbert space – Dirac bra-ket notation – Projection operator – Equation of motion in Schrödinger and Heisenberg pictures – Evaluation of commutatorbrackets - Velocity of a particle in an EM field – Virial theorem – Matrix theory of harmonic oscillator.Unit V. Angular momentum 12 Hours Commutation relations – Eigen values of J+ and J- - Addition angular moments – CG coefficients – Construction of resultant wave function (j1=1/2 and j2=1/2 only) – Angular momentum matrices – Spin – Angular momentum and Pauli’s spin matrices.

Text Book:1. Quantum mechanics, Schiff, IIIrdEdn.

Reference Books:1. Quantum Mechanics - Merzbacher – 3rd Edition – John Wiley2. Quantum Mechanics – Mathews &Venkatesan – TMH – 1976

Subject Code Solid State Physics L T P CPHY5006 4 0 0 4

Pre-requisite: Nil Course Category: Program coreCourse Type: Theory

Course Objective:This course focuses on the structural, magnetic and dielectric properties of materialsCourse outcomes:Upon successful completion of this course, Students will be able toCO1: Understand the crystal systems and their defects CO2: Understand the fundamental concepts of lattice vibrationsCO3: Understand and analyse the properties of dielectric materials CO4: Acquire the knowledge on different types of magnetic materials CO5: Get the basic theoretical knowledge on superconducting materials Mapping of Course Outcome(s):

CO/PO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7CO1 H H H M MCO2 H L L L L LCO3 H L L L L L LCO4 H L L L L MCO5 H L M L L

H – High correlation; M – Medium Correlation; L – Low CorrelationUnit I: Crystal Physics 12 HoursBravais lattices - Simple crystal structures - reciprocal lattice - Experimental methods of X-ray diffraction- Diffraction of electrons and neutrons by crystals- bragg theory - concept of brillouin zone - atomic scattering factor - geothermal structure factor - bonding of solids - elastic properties - defects in crystals – diffusion - Ionic conductivity - dislocation and their effect on mechanical properties of solids –colour centres.Unit II: Phonons 12 HoursLattice vibrations - vibrations of one dimensional atomic chain (mono atomic and diatomicchains)-phonon-spectraoflattice–vibrations-acousticandopticalbranchesPhonondispersionrelation-Kohnanomaly-inelastic scattering of neutrons by phonons - anharmonic phonons-transport phenomena in solids – conductivity tensor- Boltzmannequationformetalsandsemiconductors-thermalconductivity-electronand phonon contributions - Umklapp process - impurity scattering in metals and semiconductorsUnit III: Dielectric materials 12 HoursDielectricsandFerroelectrics–macroscopicelectricfield–localelectricfieldatanatom - dielectric constant and polarizability- (electronic, ionic and orientational)- structural phase transitions - classical theory - Dipole orientation in solids- Dipole relaxation and dielectric losses- relaxation time - ferro electric crystals and their classification – displacive transitions - theory of BaTiO4- polarization catastrophe.Unit IV: Magnetic materials 12 HoursMagnetic property-Dia, para and ferro magnetic property – classical and quantum theory of dia and para magnetism - curie’s law- ferro magnetism - theory of ferro magnetism exchange integral - ferromagnetic domains - anti ferromagnetism- Neel temperature - anti ferromagnetic order.Unit V: Superconductors 12 HoursSuper conductivity – Brief historical introduction – superconducting materials – Meissner effect–Type I and II superconductors–thermal properties of superconductors – High frequency phenomenological properties – coherence length – London model – Ginzburg-

Landautheory–fluxquantisation–BCStheory–Josephsoneffect(ACand DC) – High temperature superconducting oxides – Technological applications.Text Book:

1. Charles Kittel - Introduction to Solid state Physics John Wiley & Sons,Reference Books:

1. Ashcroft, Mermin – Solid State Physics, Saunders College Publishing.2. Michel Cyrot, Davor Pavuna–Introduction to Superconductivity and High-Tc

Materials, World Scientific publishing3. Manijeh Razegh – Fundamental of Solid State Engineering, Springer Publishing.4. Ziman - Principles of theory of solids5. Elliot and Gribsen - Introduction to Solid state Physics and its application.

Subject Code Nuclear Physics L T P C

PHY5007 4 0 0 4Pre-requisite: Nil Course Category: Program core

Course Type: TheoryCourse Objective:This course focuses on the structure and properties of nucleus, and nuclear reactions, and elementary particlesCourse outcomes:Upon successful completion of this course, Students will be able toCO1: Understand the structure and properties of nucleus CO2: Understand the property of radioactivity and related processesCO3: Understand and different nuclear reactions, nuclear models CO4: Understand the different elementary particles and their properties CO5: Understand different experimental techniques in nuclear physicsMapping of Course Outcome(s):

CO/PO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7CO1 H H M M M MCO2 H M L L L LCO3 H L L L LCO4 H L L L L LCO5 H L M L L

H – High correlation; M – Medium Correlation; L – Low CorrelationUnit I: Properties of nucleus 12 HoursNuclear Structure - nuclear mass, charge, radius- spin and magnetic moments - experimental determinations - quadrapole moments - systematics of stable nuclei - semi empirical mass formula of Neizsaker - nuclear stability - mass parabola.Unit II: Radioactivity 12 HoursRadioactivity-alpha emission-Geiger Nuttal law-gamma theory-fine structure of alpha decay– neutrino - energetics of ß decay- theory of ß spectrum- fermi selection rules - non conservation of parity - gamma emission - selection rules - transition probability – internal conversion.Unit III: Nuclear Reactions 12 HoursNuclear reactions and Nuclear models - nuclear cross section - scattering matrix- reciprocity theorem-Breit Wigner level formula-compound Nucleus-resonance theory - optical model- fission process - liquid drop model - shell model - nuclear reactors- different types - nuclear fusion - thermo nuclear reaction.Unit IV: Elementary particles 12 HoursElementary Particles - classification of elementary particles and their properties- decay modes-general ideas of strong-week electromagnetic interactions-Hadrons and leptons Tak-theta puzzle – strangeness - Gellman Nishifima relation - Su(3) classification of hadrans - octels and decouplets.Unit V: Nuclear Instrumentation 12 HoursNuclear Instrumentation - gas counters - proportional counters - Geiger Muller counters – application to alpha, beta and gamma spectroscopy-Neutron detector with BF3 counters - semi conductor detectors Ge(Li) and Si(Li) detectors - surface barrier detector - basic principles of counters – nuclear electronic instruments – amplitude discriminators–pulse amplifiers - single and multi channel analyzer (Block diagram only).Text Books:

1. Evans - Atomic Nucleus, Tata Mcgraw Hill2. Elton - Introductory Nuclear theory

Reference Books:1. Blatt and Werskopt - Theoretical Nuclear Physics2. H. Enge - Introduction Nuclear Theory3. Paul Roman - Theory of Elementary particles4. J. Sharre - Nuclear radiation detectors

Subject Code Electromagnetic Theory & Relativity L T P C


Course Type:TheoryCourse Objective:This course focuses on the theory and propagation and properties of electromagnetic waves.Course outcomes:Upon successful completion of this course, Students will be able toCO1: Understand the theories of electrostatics CO2: Understand the formation of electromagnetic fields and their theoryCO3: Understand and theory of magnetic fields and propertiesCO4: Understand and derive Maxwell’s equations for E.M.fieldsCO5: Understand the special theory of relativityMapping of Course Outcome(s):

CO/PO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7CO1 H H M M LCO2 H L L M M LCO3 H L L L L L LCO4 H L L L LCO5 H L L L L

H – High correlation; M – Medium Correlation; L – Low CorrelationUnit I: Electrostatics 12 HoursGeneral methods of solution to potential Problems - Gauss law and its applications - electrostatic potential - dipole and multipole moments - Poisson’s equation - Laplace’s equation - solution of electrostatic problems by the method of electrical images - conducting sphere in a uniform field.Unit II: Electromagnetic fields 12 HoursDielectrics - polarization vector - field at external and internal points - displacement vector - polar molecules- potential energy of charge distribution in the presence of dielectrics - boundary conditions - dielectric sphere in the uniform field - plane Electromagnetic wave propagation - plane waves in homogeneous non conducting medium and in a partly conducting material - Reflection and absorption in a conducting medium - Propagation in anisotropic dielectrics.Unit III: Magnetic fields 12 HoursMagnetic field of steady current- magnetic vector potential- Biot-Savart law- Ampere’s law - Lorentz force - time integral of vector potential over a closed curve - equation of continuity-lorentz condition-magnetic scalar potential-magnetic shielding-energy in a magnetic field - Faraday and Kerr effects.Unit IV: Maxwell’s equations 12 HoursMaxwell’s Equations - Faraday’s laws of induction – maxwell’s displacement current - maxwell’s equations - boundary condition - wave equations - gauge transformation - green’s function for the time dependent wave equation- initial value problem- Poynting theorem - conservation laws.Unit V: Relativity 12 HoursSpecial theory of Relativity- absolute space - Mach’s principle- inertial system- Lorentz transformations - covariant and contra variant components - Lorentz transformation matrices - Time dilation - Lorentz contraction - velocity addition - Relativistic Lagrangian and Hamiltonian function.

Text Book:

1. D. J. Griffiths – Introduction to Electrodynamics, Prentice Hall.Reference Books:

1. Paul Lorrain, Dale R. Corson – Electromagnetic Fields and Waves, W.H.Freeman and Company

2. Edward J Rothwell, Michael J Cloud – Electromagnetics, CRC Press.3. J. Reitz, F. Milford, R. Christy –Foundation of Electromagnetic theory,Addision,

Wesley.4. Albert Einstein - Relativity: The special and general theory.

Subject Code Electronics Practical L T P C


Course Type: Laboratory Course Course Objective:The aim of this laboratory course is to develop an ability to identify, formulate and solve problems in analog and digital electronics.Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, Students will be able toCO1:Acquire the knowledge, experimental physics etc. in physicsCO2:Improve the analytical and observation ability in physics experimentsCO3:Analyse the various physical properties using analog and digital circuitsCO4:Implement the experimental skills in solving advanced problemsMapping of Course Outcome(s):

CO/PO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7CO1 H H L M HCO2 H M L L L LCO3 H L L L L LCO4 H L L L LCO5 H L M L L

H – High correlation; M – Medium Correlation; L – Low Correlation45 Hours

No. Electronics Experiments1 Construction and study of voltage regulation of a dual power supply.2 Study of the static and mutual characteristics of the FET.3 Study of the characteristics of the UJT. 4 Construction of Integrator and Differentiator using OpAmp and 555 timer. 5 Half adder, Full adder, Half subtractor using multiplexer.6 Construction of a phase shift oscillator for a given frequency.7 Construction of a Wien bridge oscillator for a given frequency.8 Solving Boolean equations using Karnaugh map and realization of simplified

circuit.9 Three and Four variable multiplexer.10 Construction of amplitude modulated circuit.11 Construction of pulse modulated circuit.12 Construction of a relaxation oscillator using UJT.13 RS,D& JK- Flip flop using logic gates.14 Write and solve CPP program for given numerical methods15 Divide by 16 counter-R/2R ladder- staircase W/F Generator16 Shift Register , Ring counter& twist Ring counter17 FET amplifier.18 Construction of a Clipper and clamper circuits.

Reference Books:1. A Text Book of Practical Physics byM.N.Srinivasan, S.Balasubramanian,

R.Ranganathan-Sultan Chand &Sons, 20072. A Text Book of Practical Physics by InduPrakash& Ramakrishna , KitabMahal

Agencies, New Delhi, 2011 3. Practical Physics, S.R. GovindaRajan, T. Murugaiyan S. SundaraRajan, Rochouse&

Sons III SEMESTER

Subject Code Modern Optics L T P CPHY5009 4 0 0 4Pre-requisite: Nil Course Category:Program core

Course Type:TheoryCourse Objectives

To understand the basic concepts of optics and its applications in various fields To analyze the properties of nonlinear optics

Course Outcomes:Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able toCO1: Acquire fundamentals and principles of Laser actionCO2: Understand the basic concepts of different types of laser systemsCO3:Apply the knowledge of laser in holographyCO4:Gain the knowledge in Fourier optics and Fourier transforming properties of lensesCO5: Understand the concepts of nonlinear optics and harmonic generations. Mapping of Course Outcome(s):

CO/PO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7CO1 H H M M L LCO2 H M L H H L LCO3 M M L L M LCO4 H H M L L L MCO5 H M H L L

H – High correlation; M – Medium Correlation; L – Low CorrelationUnit I: Principles of Lasers 12 HoursEmission and absorption of Radiation – Einstein Relations. - Pumping Mechanisms – Optical feedback - Laser Rate equations for two, three and four level lasers. Pumping threshold conditions, Laser modes of rectangular cavity – Properties of Laser beams.Unit II: Laser Systems 12 HoursClassification of laser systems – Gas, Liquid and Solid Lasers-Gas lasers and Energy level schemes: He- Ne, Argon, CO2 Gas lasers - Applications. Solid State lasers: Ruby, Neodymium, YAG lasers – Dye lasers- Applications Semiconductor lasers: Ga-As lasers and applications. Unit III: Holography 12 HoursBasic Principles of Holography- Recording of amplitude and phase- The recording medium Reconstruction of original wave front- Image formation by wave front reconstruction- Gaber Hologram- Limitations of Gaber Hologram-Off axis Hologram- Fourier transform Holograms- Volume Holograms, Applications of Holograms- Spatial frequency filtering. Unit IV: Fourier Optics 12 HoursFourier optics- Thin lens as phase transformation – Thickness function- Various types of lenses- Fourier transforming properties of lenses – Object placed in front of the lens- Object placed behind the lens. Unit V: Non-Linear optics 12 HoursInteraction of radiation with a dielectric medium, dielectric susceptibility, Harmonic generation, Second harmonic generation, Phase matching criterion, coherence length for second harmonic radiation, optical mixing, third harmonic generation, self focussing of light, parametric generation of light.

Text Books:

1. Introduction to Fourier optics, J.W. Goodman, McGraw Hill, 1988.2. Lasers and Non-Linear optics ,B.B. Laud, Wiley, 1991.

Reference Books: 1. Opto Electronics- An Introduction, Wilson & JFB Hawkes 2nd Ed., 1998.2. Optical Electronics, Ghatak and Thygarajan, Cambridge university Press, 1989.3. Principles of Lasers, O. Svelto, Springer, 2009.4. Optics, E. Hecht, Wesley, 4thEd., 2001.

Subject Code Quantum Mechanics-II L T P C


Course Type:TheoryCourse Objectives

To understand the basic concepts of quantum mechanics and different approximation methods

To acquire the knowledge in identical particles, its spin matrices and wave equationsCourse Outcomes:Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able toCO1: Acquire the knowledge in Approximation methods for stationary problemsCO2:Apply the knowledge of Approximation methods for scattering problemsCO3:Analyze the difference between Variation method and Approximation methodsCO4: Gain the knowledge about identical particles and spin matricesCO5: Understand the concepts of relativistic wave equations. Mapping of Course Outcome(s):

CO/PO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7CO1 H H M M M LCO2 H L L H H L LCO3 H M L L M LCO4 H H M L L M MCO5 H M H L L

H – High correlation; M – Medium Correlation; L – Low CorrelationUnit I: Approximation methods for stationary problems 12 HoursStationary perturbation theory – Non degenerate case – I order perturbation – 2nd order perturbation – Perturbation of an oscillator – Degenerate case – Removal of degeneracy in I order and II order – I order stark effect in Hydrogen – Perturbed energy levels- Occurrence of permanent electric-dipole moment-Zeeman effect.Unit II: Methods of scattering problems 12 HoursThe Born approximation – Perturbation approximation – Green’s function – Green’s function for a free particle – Scattering by a square well potential – Validity of Born approximation – Scattering by a screened Coulomb potential-WKB approximation.Unit III: Variation method and Approximation methods 12 HoursExpectation value of the energy – Application to excited states – Ground state of Helium. Time dependent perturbation theory – Expansion in un perturbed Eigen functions – Physical interpretation – Transition probability – Scattering cross section – Harmonic perturbation Adiabatic and sudden approximations.Unit IV: Identical particles and spin 12 HoursIdentical particles – Physical meaning of identity – Symmetric and asymmetric wave functions – Construction from un symmetrized functions – Distinguishability of identical particles – The exclusion principle – Correction with statistical mechanics – Spin-angular momentum – Correction between spin and statistics – Spin matrices and Eigen functions. Semi classical treatment of radiation – absorption and induced emission – Transition probability – Interpretation in terms of absorption and emission – Electric dipole transition – Forbidden transitions – Spontaneous emission – Classical radiation field – Asymptotic form – Dipole radiation – Conversion from classical to QM – Planck distribution formula.Unit V. Relativistic wave equations 12 HoursSchrodinger relativistic wave equation – Electromagnetic potential – Separation of the equation – Energy levels in a Coulomb field – Dirac’s relativistic equation – Free particle equation – Matrices for and - Free particle solution – Charge and current density –

Electromagnetic potentials – Spin-angular momentum – Spin-orbit energy – Negative energy states- Klein Garden equation.Text Books:

1. Quantum mechanics, L.Schiff, McGraw Hill Education, 4th Edition, 2014.Reference Books:

1. Quantum Mechanics, Merzbacher, John Wiley, 3rd Edition, 1988.2. Quantum Mechanics, Mathews &Venkatesan, TMH, 1976.3. Quantum Mechanics:Fundamentals, Kurt Gottfried &Tung-Mow Yan, Springer, 20034. The principles of quantum mechanics, P.A. M. Dirac, Oxford University Presss, 1958

Special Paper I

Subject Code Crystal Physics L T P CPHY5101 4 0 0 4

Pre-requisite: Nil Course Category: Special coreCourse Type:Theory

Course Objectives: To acquire the knowledge about crystal physics, crystal bindings, crystal parameters

and crystal defects To understand the fundamentals of alloys and its transformations

Course Outcomes:Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able toCO1: Acquire the knowledge in different crystal structuresCO2:Understand the basics of reciprocal lattice in crystalsCO3:Analyze the binding and elastic properties of crystalsCO4: Gain the knowledge about different crystal defects and imperfectionsCO5:Understand the fundamentals of alloys and its transformations. Mapping of Course Outcome(s):

CO/PO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7CO1 H H M M M LCO2 M H L H H M LCO3 M M H L M LCO4 H H M L L L MCO5 H M H L L

H – High correlation; M – Medium Correlation; L – Low CorrelationUnit I: Crystal structure 12 HoursPeriodic arrays of atoms, Fundamental types of lattices, Index system for crystal planes, Simple crystal structures, Direct imaging of atomic structure, Non ideal crystal structures, crystal structure dataUnit II: Reciprocal lattice 12 HoursDiffraction of waves by Crystals, Scattered wave amplitude, Brillouin zones, Fourier analysis of the basis, Quasi crystalsUnit III: Crystal Binding and Elastic constants 12 HoursCrystals of inert gases, Ionic crystals, Covalent crystals, Metals, Hydrogen Bonds, Atomic radii, Analysis of elastic strains, Elastic compliance and stiffness constant, Elastic waves in cubic crystalsUnit IV: point defects and Dislocations 12 HoursLattice vacancies, Diffusion, Color centresShear strength of single crystals, Dislocations, Strength of alloys, Dislocations and crystal growth, Hardness of materialsUnit V: Alloys 12 HoursGeneral considerations, Substitutional solid solutions - Hume-Rothery rules, Order-disorder transformation, Phase diagrams, Transition metal alloys, Kondo effect.Text Book:

1. Introduction to Solid State Physics, Charles Kittal, 7th Edition, John Wiley & sons, Wiley India edition, 2009.

Reference Books:1. Chemical application of group theory – F.A. Cotton 2. Symmetry and Spectroscopy of molecules – Veera Reddy 3. Ligand field theory – B.N. Figgs

Subject Code Digital logical Circuits L T P C

PHY5201 4 0 0 4Pre-requisite: Nil Course Category: Special core

Course Type:TheoryCourse Objectives:

To get the knowledge about digital electronics and its applications in different logical circuits

To understand the fundamentals of Programmable Logic Devices and VHDLCourse Outcomes:Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able toCO1: Acquire the knowledge about the fundamentals of combinational logic circuits andArithmetic OperationsCO2:Apply the ideas of digital logical circuits in Flip-Flops, Counters and RegistersCO3:Understand the fundamentals of IC Logic Families and MSI Logic CircuitsCO4: Gain the knowledge about different memory devices in digital systemsCO5: Get the basic concept ofProgrammable Logic Devices and VHDL.Mapping of Course Outcome(s):

CO/PO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7CO1 H H M H M LCO2 H L L M LCO3 H M M L L LCO4 H L M L L LCO5 H L M L L

H – High correlation; M – Medium Correlation; L – Low CorrelationUnit I: Combinational Logic Circuits: 12 HoursSimplifying Logic Circuits, Sum of products form - Algebraic simplification, designing combinational logic circuits, Karnaugh Map Method, looping - pairs, quads, octets, complete simplification process, Don’t care conditions, examples.Digital Arithmetic Operations And Circuits: Binary addition, representing signed numbers, binary subtraction, BCD addition, Hex arithmetic, ALU, parallel binary adder, design of full adder, carry propagation's, IC parallel adder, 2's compliments system, IEEE/ANSI symbols.Unit II: Flip-Flops, Counters and Registers 12 HoursNAND and NOR gate latches, clock signals and clocked flip-flops, clocked R-S, J-K, and D FFs, D latches, Asynchronous inputs, IEEE/ANSI symbols, Timing consideration, one shot.Ripple counters, Counter with MOD numbers < 2n. IC asynchronous counters, asynchronous down counters, propagation delay in ripple counter, Up/Down counters. Presettable counters, 74193 counter, Decoding a counter, Decoding glitches, synchronous counter design, Left & Right shift registers, shift register counters, IEEE/ANSI symbols. Unit III: IC Logic Families and MSI Logic Circuits 12 HoursDigital IC terminology, TTL logic family, TTL series characteristics, improved TTL series, TTL loading and fan-out other TTL characteristics, connecting TTL outputs together, tristate TTL, ECL Family, MOS digital IC's and characteristics, CMOS logic and characteristics, bilateral switch, TTL driving CMOS and vice versa. Low voltage technologyDecoders, BCD to 7 segment decoder/driver, liquid crystal display, Encoders, multiplexers and their applications, de-multiplexers, magnitude comparators, code converters, data busing, data bus operations, IEEE./ANSI symbols.

Unit IV: Memory Devices 12 Hours

General Memory Operation, CPU-Memory connection, Read only memories, ROM architecture, ROM timing, and types of ROMs, Flash memory, and ROM applications.Semiconductor RAMs, RAM architectures, static RAM, Dynamic RAM (DRAM), DRAMS structure and its operation, DRAM Read/Write cycles, DRAM refreshing, Expansion of word sizes and capacityUnit V: Programmable Logic Devices and Introduction to VHDL 12 Hours Basic ideas, PLD architectures (PROM), PAL, PLAS, Application of programmable logic devices - GAL 16 V, 8A, programming a PLD, Introduction to VHDL- Description Languages verses Programming Languages, HDL Format and Syntax , Intermediate signals, representing data in VHDL, Truth tables using VHDL.Text Books:

1. Digital Systems-Principles and Applications-Ronald J.Tocci, 6/e, PHI, New Delhi.1999.

2. Modern digital electronics-R.P.Jain, Tata McGraw Hill 3rdEdiction.3. Digital Design-M.Morris Mano.

Reference Books:1. Digital Principles and Design-Donald D. Givone.2. Digital Integrated Electronics-Herbert Taub and Donal Schilling, McGraw Hill, 1985.3. Digital Electronics-An introduction to Theory and Practice- William H.Gothmann.4. Digital Principles and Applications,Albert Paul Malvino and Donald P. Leach5. Computer Architecture and Logic Design, Thomas C.Bartee, McGraw-Hill. Inc.6. Switching theory and Logic design,R.P. Jain.

Special Paper IISubject Code Phonon and electrical transport based phenomena L T P C

in solidsPHY5102 4 0 0 4Pre-requisite: Nil Course Category: Special core

Course Type: TheoryCourse Objectives:

To acquire the knowledge about Phonons and electrical transport based phenomena in solids

To get the fundamentals of Semiconductor Crystals and Fermi Surfaces Course Outcomes:Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able toCO1: Gain the knowledge about phonons and its importance in thermal physicsCO2: Acquire the theoretical concept behind electrical and thermal properties of metalsCO3: Understand the fundamental theories to describe the energy bands in metals CO4: Gain the knowledge about Semiconductor Crystals and their propertiesCO5: Get the basic ideas about the Fermi Surfaces and its importance in metals.Mapping of Course Outcome(s):

CO/PO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7CO1 H H L M M LCO2 M L L H H L LCO3 M H L L L LCO4 H H M L L M LCO5 H M H L L

H – High correlation; M – Medium Correlation; L – Low CorrelationUnit I: Phonons 12 HoursVibrations of crystals with monatomic basis, Two atoms per primitive basis, Quantization of elastic waves, phonon momentum, Inelastic scattering by phononsPhonon Heat capacity, Anharmonic crystal interactions, Thermal conductivityUnit II: Free electron Fermi gas 12 HoursEnergy levels in one dimension, Effect of temperature on the Fermi-Dirac distribution, Free electron gas in three dimensions, Heat capacity of the electron gas, Electrical conductivity and Ohm’s law, Motion in magnetic fields, Thermal conductivity of metals.Unit III: Energy Bands 12 HoursNearly free electron model, Bloch functions, Kronig-Penny model, Wave equation of electron in a periodic potential, Number of orbitals in a band.Unit IV: Semiconductor Crystals 12 HoursBand gap, Equations of motion, intrinsic carrier concentration, Impurity conductivity, thermoelectric effects, Semimetals, Super latticesUnit V: Fermi Surfaces and metals 12 HoursConstructions of Fermi surfaces, Electron orbits, Hole Orbits and open orbits, Calculation of energy bands, Experimental methods in Fermi surface studiesText Book:

1. Introduction to Solid State Physics, Charles Kittal, 7th Edition, John Wiley & sons, Wiley india edition, 2009.

Reference Books:1. Principles of theory of solids, J.M.Ziman, Cambridge University Press, 1979.2. Solid state physics,R.L. Singhal, KedarNath Ram Nath Publication, 1988.3. Solid state physics, H.C. Gupta, Vikas publishing house, 20014. Elementary solid state physics, M.Ali Omar, Pearson, 2009.

Subject Code Electronic Instrumentation L T P CPHY5202 4 0 0 4


Course Objectives: To acquire the knowledge about different Electronic Instrumentation To get the fundamentals of signal generation, recording, processing and analysis.

Course Outcomes:Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able toCO1: Understand different aspects of measurement and errors involvedCO2: Design and develop amplifiers, other signal processing instruments.CO3:Design and develop signal generators, frequency dividers, lock-in amplifiers etc.CO4:Understand and use different electronic measuring devices.CO5: Understand the working and use of output devices like printers etc.Mapping of Course Outcome(s):

CO/PO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7CO1 H H H M LCO2 H M M MCO3 H M M L M L LCO4 H L L L L LCO5 H L L L L

H – High correlation; M – Medium Correlation; L – Low CorrelationUnit I: Measurement and Error 12 HoursDefinitions- Accuracy and Precision – Significant figures – Types of error – Statistical analysis- Probability of errors – Limiting errors.Performance characteristics of an instrumentation system: Zero, First and Second Order systems – Response of first and second order systems to STEP, RAMP and IMPULSE inputs- Frequency response of first and second order systems. Specification and testing of dynamic response.Unit II: Amplifiers and Signal Conditioning 12 HoursInstrumentation amplifiers- Isolation amplifiers- Chopper amplifiers- Voltage to frequency and frequency to voltage converters-Frequency multipliers - Logarithmic amplifiers,- S/H Circuits- Attenuators.Second order active filters – Low pass , High pass, Band pass, and Band stop filters- Butterworth and Tchebychev filters- Frequency transformation- All pass filters.Phase sensitive detectors (PSD) - Phase lock loop (PLL) – Lock-in-amplifier.Unit III: Signal Generation 12 HoursFrequency synthesized signal generator- Frequency divider generator- RF signal generator- Signal generator modulation- Sweep frequency generator- Function generator – Noise generator.Signal Analysis: Wave Analyzer- Audio frequency Wave analyzer- Heterodyne wave analyzer- Harmonic distortion analyzer- Resonant harmonic distortion analyzer-Heterodyne harmonic distortion analyzer- Fundamental suppression harmonic distortion analyzer- Spectrum analyzer- Spectra of CW, AM, FM and PM waves. Unit IV: Electronic Measuring Instruments 12 HoursQ- meter- Vector impedance meter- Digital frequency meter – Digital voltmeter – Phase meter – RF power and voltage measurement – Power factor meter – Vector volt meter.

Unit V: Display and Recording 12 Hours

X-t, X-Y Recorders – Magnetic tape Recorders- Laser printers – Ink jet printers. - Storage oscilloscope. Characteristics of digital displays: LED- LCD – Dot matrix and seven segment display systems.Text Book:

1. Modern Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement Techniques – A.O. Helfrick and W.D.Cooper, Prentice Hall India Publications.

Reference Books:1. Instrumentation Devices and Systems – C.S Rangan, G.R. Sharma and VSV Mani,

Tata McGraw Hill Publications.2. Introduction to Instrumentation and Control – A.K Ghosh – Prentice Hall India

Publications.3. Electrical and Electronics Measurement and Instrumentation – A.K.Sawhney.4. Transducers and Instrumentation- D.V.S Murty PHI Publications.

Special Paper laboratory

Subject Code Condensed Matter Physics laboratory L T P CPHY5181 4 0 0 4

Pre-requisite: Nil Course Category: Special coreCourse Type: Laboratory Course

Course Objectives:To familiarise the students with X –Ray Crystallography, Low Temperature Physics,

Elastic Constants, Ferroelectric Curie temperature, Magnetic Properties, Computer Simulations for Solid State PhysicsCourse Outcomes:Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able toCO1: Acquire the knowledge, experimental procedure etc., in Condensed Matter PhysicsCO2: Improve the analytical and observation ability in Physics ExperimentsCO3: Analyze the various properties of the materials using the experimental observationCO4: Implement the experiment skills further to solve the Engineering problems.Mapping of Course Outcome(s):

CO/PO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7CO1 H L M L L MCO2 H M L H H M LCO3 H L H L M LCO4 H H M L L L L

H – High correlation; M – Medium Correlation; L – Low Correlation 45 HoursList of Experiments 1. X –Ray Crystallography

1. Analysis of rotation photography of BCC crystal 2. Analysis of oscillation photography of FCC crystal

2. Low Temperature Physics 1. Einstein temperature of copper 2. Einstein temperature of silver

3. Elastic Constants 1. BCC crystal 2. FCC crystal

4. Ferroelectric Curie temperature1. Triglycinesulphate (TGS) 2. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) 3. Barium titanate( BaTiO3)

5. Ferro electrical Hysteresis Curve 1. Triglycinesulphate (TGS) 2. Potassium Nitrate (KNO3)

6. Magnetic Properties 1. Investigation of Diamagnetism in Aluminum (Quantitative) 2. Investigation of Para magnetism in CuSO4, 5H2O. Study of various types of interaction, viz., exchange and dipolar using ESR spectra 3. Investigation of ferromagnetism in Fe3O4.

7. Computer Simulations for Solid State Physics 1. Brilloun zones for high symmetry cases 2. Fermi Surface for high symmetry cases

Reference Books:1. Introduction to Solid State Physics, Charles Kittal, 7th Edition, John Wiley & sons,

Wiley india edition, 2009.2. Molecular spectroscopy, Jeanne L. McHale, Pearson Education, 1999.

Subject Code Advanced Electronics laboratory L T P C

PHY5281 4 0 0 4Pre-requisite: Nil Course Category: Special core

Course Type: Laboratory CourseCourse Objectives:

To familiarise the students in analog and digital experiments. Course Outcomes:Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able toCO1: Acquire the knowledge, experimental procedure etc., CO2: Improve the analytical and observation ability in electronics experimentsCO3: Analyze the experimental observationCO4: Implement the experiment skills further to solve the problems.Mapping of Course Outcome(s):

CO/PO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7CO1 H H H M M M LCO2 H M L M M LCO3 H L L L L LCO4 H L L L L LCO5 H L H L L

H – High correlation; M – Medium Correlation; L – Low CorrelationList of Experiments 45 HrsAnalog Experiments

1. Power control by SCR using UJT.2. Active filters.3. PLL (IC565) as frequency synthesizer.4. Strain gauge –Trainer kit.5. LVDT -Trainer kit.6. PLL (IC 565) as AM detector.

Digital experiments (Hardware and Simulation)1. Construct a synchronous up/down counter using IC74192 and display

count using 7-segment display. 2. Implement Boolean functions using a multiplexer.3. Construct a shift register using IC 7495.4. Construct an 8-bit full adder using two 4-bit adders.5. Implement Boolean functions using Dec/D6. Simulating a four variable Boolean function using a 1 of 16 data Sel/Mu7. Given a four variable Boolean function design and simulate the circuit using

gates. 8. Simulate a 4-bit Bin/BCD decade counter9. Simulate a full adder circuit using a Dec/Dem10. Simulate a 4-bit shift register.

Reference Books:1. Basic Electronics, B.L.Theraja, 5th Edition, , (Reprinted in 2012), S. Chand &

Company Ltd, New Delhi.2. Principles of electronics, V.K.Mehta, 6th Edition, (Reprinted in 2000), S.Chand&

Company, New Delhi.3. Electronic Instrumentation, H.S.Kalsi, 14th Reprint 2002, Tata McGraw Hill

Publication, New Delhi.4. Digital Electronics and Applications, Malvino& Leach, McGraw Hill, 2005.

IV SEMESTER

Subject Code Programming in CPP L T P CPHY5011 4 0 0 4Pre-requisite: Nil Course Category:Program core


To make the student capable of developing different programs in C++ To make the student understand the importance of programming and their use.

Course Outcomes:Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able toCO1: Understand the basics of C++ programming language.CO2:Understand and use functions, programming structures, arrays and pointers in C++.CO3:Understand and use structures of array, fields, classes and objects in C++CO4: Understand and use different types of inheritance and their applications in C++CO5: Understand and use the importance of polymorphism, templates etc. in C++ programming.Mapping of Course Outcome(s):

CO/PO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7CO1 H H H M HCO2 H H M M L M LCO3 H M M L L LCO4 H H L L L L LCO5 H L L L L

H – High correlation; M – Medium Correlation; L – Low CorrelationUnit I: C++ Basics 12 HoursIdentifiers and key words – String numeric and character constants – Operators – Type conversion–Declaration of variables–Types of statements–features of iostream.h- Keyboard and screen I/O – Predefined manipulators – Input and output stream flags - Control statements: Conditional expressions, loop statements and breaking control statements.Unit II: Functions, program structures, arrays and pointers 12 HoursDefining a function – ‘Return’ statement – Types of functions – Actual and formal arguments – Local and global variables – Default arguments – Multifunction program – Storage class specifiers: Automatic register, Static and external variables – Recursive function – Simple macro definitions – Macro with parameters – Other pre-processing techniques – Conditional compilation – Header files – Standard functions – Array notation, declaration and initialization – Processing with array – Arrays and functions – Multidimensional arrays – Character array – Pointer operator – Address operator – Pointer expressions – Pointer arithmetic – Pointers and functions – Pointers and arrays - Pointers and strings – Arrays of pointers .Unit III: Structures, Unions, Bit fields, Classes and objects 12 HoursDeclaration of structure – Initialization – Functions and structures – Arrays of structures- Arrays within a structure – Nested structure – Pointers and structures – Union tag – Processing with union – Initialization of unions – Anonymous union – Bit fields – ‘typedef’ – Enumerations – Structures and classes – Declaration of class – Member functions – Object of a class – Accessing a member of a class - Array of class objects – Pointers and classes – Unions and classes – Nested class – Copy constructors – Default constructors – Destructors – Inline member functions – Static data member – Static member functions – Friend functions – Dynamic memory allocations – ‘ this’ pointer.Unit IV: Inheritance and overloading 12 Hours

Single inheritance – Direct and indirect base classes – Public, private and protected inheritance – Array of class objects and single inheritance – Multiple inheritance – Container classes – Member access control – Summary Inheritance Access Specifier – Function overloading with various data types and arguments – Scoping rules and special features of function overloading – Overloading assignment, arithmetic, comparison and Unary operators.Unit V: Polymorphism, templates, exception handling and data file operations12 HoursPolymorphism – Early binding - Polymorphism with pointers – Virtual functions – Late binding – Pure virtual functions – Abstract base classes – Constructors and destructors under inheritance – Virtual destructors and base classes – Function and class templates – Exception handling – Opening and closing of files – Stream static member functions – Reading/ Writing a character from a file – Binary file operations – Structures and file operations – Array of class objects and file operations – Nested classes and file operations Text Book:

1. Programming with C++ - By D. Ravichandran –Tata McGraw – Hill Pub. Co. Ltd., New Delhi. (Complete)

Reference Books:1. Object oriented programming with C++, E. Balagurusamy, Tata McGraw – Hill Pub.

Co. Ltd., New Delhi.2. Let us C++ - Yashwant. P. Kanetkar – BPB Publications, New Delhi.3. Object oriented programming in Turbo C++, Robert Lafore – Galgotia Publications

Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.4. Object oriented analysis and design with Applications: II Edn. Grady Booch –

Addison Wesley Longman Inc., USA.

Special Paper III

Subject Code Optical phenomena in solids L T P CPHY5103 4 0 0 4


Course Objectives: To make the student familiar with optical properties of solids To make the student understand the importance of opto-electronics and its

applications.Course Outcomes:Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able toCO1: Understand the optical properties of solids, and their theory.CO2: Understand the theory of electronic transitions in solids and analyze experimental results.CO3:Understand the theory of luminescence and analyse the experimental results.CO4:Understand the theory and applications of photonic devices and use them in daily life.CO5:Understand the principle, working and applications of opto-electronic devices.Mapping of Course Outcome(s):

CO/PO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7CO1 H H M H L HCO2 H M L L L LCO3 H M L M M L LCO4 H M L LCO5 H L L L L

H – High correlation; M – Medium Correlation; L – Low CorrelationUnit I: Optical Properties of Solids 12 HoursMicroscopic classical theory of propagation of electromagnetic waves in solid and derivation of an expression for the wave propagated through solids; derivation of expression for Absorption and Reflection coefficient, Kramers – Kronig relation; Quantum Theory of dispersion and absorption of electromagnetic waves through solids and derivation of proto type dispersion relationship for dielectric constant and their corrections. Unit II: Electronic Transitions in Solids 12 HoursFree carrier absorption – oscillator model – frequency dependent parameters; free carrier absorption as applied to metals and semiconductors – Experimental results, Direct band gap and indirect band gap semiconductors; Inter band transitions, Fundamental absorption near Eg: Optically induced vertical and non-vertical transitions and their theory – Experimental results; Heavily doped materials.Unit III: Luminescence 12 HoursGeneral consideration of luminescence, excitations, absorption and emission processes; Luminescence, configuration coordinate diagram, energy level diagram, radiative and non-radiative decay mechanism, effect of doping and efficiency, energy transfer and charge transfer, different kinds of luminescence, defects and color centers. Unit IV: Photonic Devices 12 HoursA) Photo detectors; Photo conductors, d.c and a.c photo conductors, gain and bandwidth, photo diodes B) Solar cells; introduction to solar cells, current voltage characteristics, conversion efficiency, spectral response, hetero junctions and cascaded solar cells, Schottky barrier solar cells hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) solar cells; organic solar cells. Unit V: Optoelectronic Devices 12 Hours

The ideal heterojunction, current – voltage characteristics, common anion rule. Light emitting diodes – Electroluminescent process. Excitation and emission, LED materials, Device configuration and efficiency, light output. LED structures, manufacturing process, semiconducting lasers.Text Book:


Reference Books:1. Principles of theory of solids, J.M.Ziman, Cambridge University Press, 1979.2. Solid state physics,R.L. Singhal, KedarNath Ram Nath Publication, 1988.3. Solid state physics, H.C. Gupta, Vikas publishing house, 20014. Elementary solid state physics, M.Ali Omar, Pearson, 2009.

Subject Code Microprocessors, DSPs & Interfacing L T P CPHY5203 4 0 0 4


Course Objectives: To make student understand the theory and working of Microprocessor and their

applications To make the student able to use microprocessor in different applications.

Course Outcomes:Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able toCO1:Understand the structure and working of 8086 microprocessor and apply itCO2:Understand and working of different peripheral devices and use it in different applicationsCO3:Acquire knowledge about digital signal processing and apply itCO4:Understand the major components of a personal computer and apply his knowledge for assembling, installing, and servicingCO5:Understand and use advanced microprocessors like 80286, 80386 etc.Mapping of Course Outcome(s):

CO/PO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7CO1 H H H M L M LCO2 H M L M M LCO3 H L M L L LCO4 H L M L L L LCO5 H L H L L L

H – High correlation; M – Medium Correlation; L – Low CorrelationUnit I: The 8086 Microprocessor 12 HoursGeneral Organization of a Microcomputer, Detailed Architecture of 8086, Addressing Modes, Instructions Set, Assembly Language Programming, Programming Examples. The 8086-Based System Design - Pins and Signals, System Components, Interfacing Memory, I/O Devices.Unit II: Peripheral Interfaces and Interfacing with 8086 12 HoursParallel I/O Methods, Programmable Peripheral Interface (8255 A), Key board /Display interface (8279), Programmable Priority Interrupt Controller (8259 A), DMA Controller (8237/8257), Programmable Interval Timer (8254), Programmable Communication interface (8251), UART. Unit III: Digital Signal Processors (DSP) Architecture of TMS320C5X 12 HoursIntroduction-Bus structure-Central architecture logic unit (CALU)-Auxilary Register (AR)-Index register (INDX)-ARCR-Block move address register Block Repeat Register, Parallel Logic Unit (PLU), memory mapped registers-Program controller-Some flags in status registers. On chip memory – on chip peripherals.Unit IV: The IBM PC Motherboard, I/O Buses and Universal Serial Bus 12 HoursMotherboard Components, System Resources, ROM BIOS Services. I/O Buses - ISA, MCA, EISA, PCI Buses; Local Buses, VL Bus, AGP. Parallel and Serial Ports.USB - USB System, USB Transfer, USB Controller.Unit V: Advanced Microprocessors 12 HoursProtected Mode Operation, The 80286, 80386, 80486, Pentium, Pentium-Pro and Pentium I - IV Microprocessors.

Text Book:1. Microprocessors, PC Hardware and Interfacing - By N. Mathivanan, PHI, 2003

Reference Books:1. Digital Signal Processors- B. Venkata RamaniandM.Bhaskar (TMH).2. The 8086 Microprocessor : Programming & Interfacing the PC - By Kenneth J.

Ayala Penram International Publishing, 19953. Advanced Microprocessors and Peripherals - Architecture, Programming and

Interfacing - By A K Ray and K M Bhurchandi, TMH, 20004. Advanced Microprocessors and Interfacing - By Badri Ram, TMH, 2nd Reprint 2002

Special Paper IVSubject Code Dielectric and Magnetic properties in solids L T P CPHY5104 4 0 0 4


Course Objectives: To make the student familiar with theory and applications magnetic materials To make the student capable of developing and using new magnetic materials.

Course Outcomes:Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able toCO1: Understand the theory of superconductivity and their applicationCO2: Understand the properties and importance of dielectrics and ferroelectric materials.CO3:Understand the theory of diamagnetism and paramagnetism and make use of its applications CO4:Understand the theory of ferromagnetism and anti-ferromagnetism and make use of its applications.CO5:Understand the principle of magnetic resonance and its applications.Mapping of Course Outcome(s):

CO/PO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7CO1 H H H M H LCO2 H M L M M LCO3 H M L L M LCO4 H M M L L LCO5 H M M L L L

H – High correlation; M – Medium Correlation; L – Low CorrelationUnit I: Superconductivity 12 HoursExperimental survey: Occurance of superconductivity, Meissner effect, Heat capacity, Energy Gap, Microwave and Infrared properties, isotope effect, Theoretical survey: Theromodynamics of superconducting transition, London equation, Coherence length, BCS theory, Flux quantization, Type I and Type II superconductors, AC and DC Josephson effect, High temperature superconductorsUnit II: Dielectrics and Ferroelectrics 12 HoursMacroscopic electric field, local electric field at an atom, Dielectric constant and Polarizability, Structural phase transitions, Ferroelectric crystals, Displacive transitionsUnit III: Diamagnetism and Paramagnetism 12 HoursLangevin diamagnetism equation, Quantum theory of diamagnetism of mononuclear systems, paramagnetism, Quantum theory of paramagnetism, Cooling by isentropic demagnetization, paramagnetic susceptibility of conduction electronsUnit IV: Ferromagnetism and Antiferromagnetism 12 HoursFerromagnetic order, Magnons, neutron magnetic scattering, Ferrimagnetic order, Antiferromagnetic order, ferromagnetic domains, single domain particles, magnetic bubble domainsUnit V: magnetic resonance 12 HoursNuclear magnetic resonance, Line width, Hyperfine splitting, Nuclear Quadra pole resonance, Ferromagnetic resonance, Antiferromagnetic resonance, Electron paramagnetic resonance, Principle of MASER actionText Book:


Reference Books:1. Principles of theory of solids, J.M.Ziman, Cambridge University Press, 1979.2. Solid state physics,R.L. Singhal, KedarNath Ram Nath Publication, 1988.3. Solid state physics, H.C. Gupta, Vikas publishing house, 20014. Elementary solid state physics, M.Ali Omar, Pearson, 2009.5. Solid state physics, M.A.Wahab, Narosa publishing house, 1999.

Subject Code Optical fibre Communications L T P CPHY5204 4 0 0 4


Course Objectives: To make the student familiar with theory and importance of optical fibre and optical

devices. To make the student capable of developing optical communication devices using fibre

and other devicesCourse Outcomes:Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able toCO1: Understand the theory of optical fibre and their propertiesCO2: Understand and analyze the transmission characteristics of optical fibre.CO3:Understand the theory of optical sources, detectors and apply them in communications CO4:Understand the principles of digital transmission systems and apply them.CO5:Understand the principles and applications of coherent optical detection.Mapping of Course Outcome(s):

CO/PO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7CO1 H H H M M LCO2 H M L L M LCO3 H M M L L L LCO4 H M L L L LCO5 H M M L L L

H – High correlation; M – Medium Correlation; L – Low CorrelationUnit I: Optical Fibers 12 HoursFiber modes and Configurations: Fiber types and their structures. Ray optics representation.Mode theory for circular waveguides: Step index fibers, single mode fibers, and Graded index fibers - WKB Approximations for estimating number of modes.Fiber Materials for glass fibers and plastic fibers. Fiber fabrication methods: Outside Vapor Pressure Oxidation; Vapor axial deposition; Modified chemical vapor deposition; Plasma activated chemical vapor deposition; Double crucible method. Fiber drawing processes.Fiber optic cable design: Fiber to fiber joints, fiber splicing & Optical fiber connectors.Unit II: Transmission Characteristics 12 HoursSignal attenuation in optical fibers: Absorption, scattering and bending losses in fibers, core and cladding losses. Signal distortion in optical wave guides: Material dispersion, wave guide dispersion, intermodes distortion. pulse broadening.Unit III: Optical Sources and Detectors 12 HoursOptical Sources: Basic semiconductor properties, materials, p-n junction hetrostructures. (a) Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs): Structures, light source materials, internal quantum efficiency, modulation capability, transient response, power bandwidth product. (b) Laser diodes: Modes and resonant frequencies, reliability.Optical Detectors: Physical principles of PIN photo detectors, Avalanche photo detectors. Detector noise: Noise in PIN photo diodes and Avalanche photo diodesUnit IV: Digital Transmission Systems 12 HoursOptical receivers: Fundamental receiver operation, receiver structures, receiver performance. Point to point links, link power budget. Review of multiplexing techniques: Optical Time Division Multiplexing (OTDM), Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM).

Unit V: Coherent Optical Detection 12 HoursBasic Coherent System, Coherent detection principles, Practical constraints of coherent transmission, Modulation format: Amplitude shift keying, Frequency shift keying, Phase shift keying, polarization shift keying, Demodulation Formats: Heterodyne synchronous detection, Heterodyne asynchronous detection, Homodyne detection, Intradyne detection, Phase diversity reception.Text Book:

1. Optical Fiber Communications, Gerad Keiser, Tata McGraw Hill Publication, 2008.Reference Books:

1. Fiber-optic communication system, Govind P. Agarwal, Wiley, 4th Ed., 2010. 2. Optical Fibres and Fibre Optic Communication Systems, Subir Kumar Sarkar,S.

Chand Ltd, 2007 3. Optical Fiber communications, Principles and practice, John M. Senior, 2nd Ed., 2009.4. Optical communications, V.S. Bagad, Technical publication, 2009

Elective Papers

Subject Code Quantum Field Theory L T P CPHY7001 4 0 0 4

Pre-requisite: Nil Course Category: Elective Course Type:Theory

Course Objectives: To understand the basic concepts in quantum field theory and its importance in

electromagnetic fields.Course Outcomes:Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able toCO1: Acquire fundamentals and principles of Klein-Gordon equation as relativistic wave equation, Noether’s theorem and Poincare symmetry and internal symmetry.CO2: Understand the canonical quantization of KG field, and find the solution of KG field in Schrodinger and Heisenberg pictures.CO3:Gain the knowledge about the use of anti-commutators. CO4:Gain the knowledge in quantization of electromagnetic fields.CO5:To gain the concepts in interacting quantum fields, Wick’s theorem and Feynman Diagram. Mapping of Course Outcome(s):

CO/PO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7CO1 H H M L H M LCO2 H M L L L M LCO3 H M L M L LCO4 H M L L L LCO5 H M H L L L

H – High correlation; M – Medium Correlation; L – Low CorrelationUnit I: Symmetry Principles 12 HoursRelativistic kinematics, relativistic waves, Klein-Gordon (KG) equation as a relativistic wave equation, treatment of the KG equation as a classical wave equation: its Lagrangian and Hamiltonian, Noether's theorem and derivation of energy-momentum and angular momentum tensors as consequence of Poincaré symmetry, internal symmetry and the associated conserved current.Unit I: Quantization of Klein-Gordan Field 12 HoursCanonical quantization of the KG field, solution of KG theory in Schrödinger and Heisenberg pictures, expansion in terms of creation and annihilation operators, definition of the vacuum and N-particle eigen states of the Hamiltonian, vacuum expectation values, propagators, spin and statistics of the KG quantum.Unit III: Quantization of Dirac Field 12 HoursReview of Dirac equation and its quantization, use of anti-commutators, creation and destruction operators of particles and antiparticles, Dirac propagator, energy, momentum and angular momentum, spin and statistics of Dirac quanta.Unit IV: Quantization of Electromagnetic Fields 12 HoursReview of free Maxwell's equations, Lagrangian, gauge transformation and gauge fixing, Hamiltonian, quantization in terms of transverse delta functions, expansion in terms of creation operators, spin, statistics and propagator of the photon.Unit V: Perturbative Interaction at Tree Level 12 HoursIntroduction to interacting quantum fields, Wick's Theorem, Feynman Diagram, Examples from quantum electrodynamics at the tree level: positron-electron and electron-electron scattering.Text Book:

1. Quantum Field Theory, C. Itzykson and J.B. Zuber, McGraw Hill Publications, 1980Reference Books:

1. Quantum Field Theory, L. Ryder, Cambridge University Press, 2003.2. Relativistic Quantum Fields,J.D. Bjorken and S.D. Drell, McGraw Hill Publications,

1965.3. Quantum Electrodynamics, V.B. Berestetskii, E.M. Lifshitz and L.P.

Pitaevskii,Elesvier, 2010.4. An Introduction to Quantum Field Theory, M.E. Peskin and D.V. Schroeder, West

view Press, 2015.

Subject Code Physics of Liquid Crystals L T P C

PHY7002 4 0 0 4Pre-requisite: Nil Course Category: Elective


To understand the basic concepts of liquid crystals. To gain the knowledge about liquid crystal displays.

Course Outcomes:Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able toCO1: To understand the structure and classification of mesophases, measurement of nematic order parameter by NMR.CO2: Understand the basic concepts of nematic and smecticA liquid crystals.CO3:Understand the basic concepts in continuum elastic theory, Franck’s elastic constants, and Freederickz’s transition;.CO4: Apply numerical methods to study phase transition in liquid crystals.CO5:To gain the knowledge about various types of liquid crystal displays.Mapping of Course Outcome(s):

CO/PO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7CO1 H H M M L M LCO2 H M M L M LCO3 H M L L L LCO4 H M L L L LCO5 H M L L L L

H – High correlation; M – Medium Correlation; L – Low CorrelationUnit I: Structure and classification of mesophases 12 HoursThermotropic and lyotropic liquid crystals; Different molecular order-nematic, smectic and cholesteric phases; Recent interests in liquid crystals; X-ray analysis of unoriented and oriented liquid crystals; Measurement of nematic order parameter by NMR; Polymer liquid crystals. Unit II: Molecular theory of nematic and smectic liquid crystals 12 HoursSymmetry and order parameter; Molecular potential; Distribution function; Nematic–isotropic (NI) phase transition i — Maier-Saupe theory; Generalized mean field theory; The even-odd effect — Marcelja’s calculation; Hard rod model of N-I phase transition; Derivation of the Onsager equation, solution of Onsager equation in a simple case. Molecular theory of smectic A liquid crystals: Symmetry, structure and order parameter; Phase diagram of homologous series, McMillan’s theory. Unit III: Elastic continuum theory of liquid crystals 12 HoursGeneral expression of free energy of a deformed nematic liquid crystal; Franck’s elastic constants; Distortion due to external electric or magnetic field; Freederickz’s transition; The twisted nematic cell. Unit IV: Numerical methods for studying liquid crystal phase transitions 12 HoursMonte-Carlo simulation; Lebhwol-Lasher simulation of N-I transition; Gey-Berne potential. Landau’s theory of phase transition: Generalization of Landau’s theory to liquid crystals; Fourth order and sixth order Landau expansion for studying N-I transition; de Gennes’ Generalization to smectic phase; Critical fluctuation. Unit V: Liquid crystal displays 12 HoursOptical properties of on ideal helix, agents influencing the pitch; Basic principle of liquid crystal displays; Advantages of liquid crystal displays; Twisted nematic crystal and cholesteric liquid crystal displays. Discotic liquid crystals: Symmetry and structure, mean

field description of discotic liquid crystals. Lyotropic liquid crystals: Models for different phases, bio membrane.Text Book:

1. Physics of Liquid Crystal, P.G. de Gennes, J. Prost, Clarendon Press, 1993.Reference books:

1. E.B. Priestley, P.J. Wojtowich and P. Sheng: Introduction to Liquid Crystals, Plenum Press, 1975.

2. S. Chandrasekhar: Liquid Crystals 3. P.J. Collings and M. Hand: Introduction to Liquid Crystals

Subject Code Communication Electronics L T P CPHY7003 4 0 0 4

Pre-requisite: Nil Course Category: ElectiveCourse Type:Theory

Course Objective: To understand the basic concepts of energies produced from various energy sources,

advantages and disadvantagesCourse Outcomes:Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able toCO1: To gain the knowledge about antennas and wave propagation.CO2: Understand the basic concepts related to microwave generation and MASERs.CO3:Understand the basic concepts in Radars and television.CO4:Gain the knowledge about the optical fibers and their applications.CO5:Gain the knowledge about satellite communication systems.Mapping of Course Outcome(s):

CO/PO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7CO1 H H M M H MCO2 H M M L L LCO3 H M L L L M LCO4 H M L L L L LCO5 H M L L

H – High correlation; M – Medium Correlation; L – Low CorrelationUnit I: Antennas and Wave Propagation 12 HoursRadiation field and Radiation resistance of a short dipole antenna – Grounded -Ungrounded -Antenna – Antenna Arrays – Broadside and End side Arrays – Antenna Gain –Directional high Frequency Antennas – Sky Wave Propagation – Ionosphere – Ecles and Larmor Theory – Magento Ionic Theory – Ground Wave Propagation.Unit II: Microwaves 12 HoursMicrowave Generation – Multicavity klystron – Reflex klystron – Magnetron – Travelling Wave Tubes (TWT) and other Microwave tubes – MASER – Gunn Diode – Waveguides – Rectangular Wave guides – Standing Wave indicator and Standing Wave ratio (SWR).Unit III: Radar and Television 12 HoursElements of a Radar System – Radar Equation – Radar Performance Factors – Radar Transmitting Systems – Radar Antennas – Duplexers – Radar Receivers and Indicators – Pulsed Systems – Other Radar Systems - Colour TV Transmission and Reception – Colour mixing principle – Colour Picture Tubes – Delta Gun picture tube – PIL colour picture tube - Cable TV,CCTV and Theatre TV.Unit IV: Optical Fibres 12 HoursPropagation of Light in an Optical Fibre – Acceptance Angle – Numerical Aperture – Step and Graded Index Fibres – Optical Fibre as a Cylindrical Wave Guide – Wave guide Equations – Wave Equations in Step Index Fibres – Fibre Losses and Dispersion – Applications.Unit V: Satellite Communication 12 HoursOrbital Satellites - Geostationary Satellites - Orbital Patterns - Satellite system link models – Satellite system parameters – Satellite system link equation – Link budget – INSAT communication satellites.

Text Books:1. Electronic Communication System – George Kennedy and Davis – Tata McGraw

Hill 4th Edition 1988.2. Electronic Communications – Dennis Roddy and Coolen, Prentice Hall of India,

IV Edition., (1995).Reference Books:

1. Handbook of Electronics by Gupta and Kumar – 2008 Edition.2. Taub and Schilling, “Principles of Communication Systems”, Second edition, Tata

McGraw Hill (1991).3. Wayne Tomasi, “Advanced electronics communication Systems”, fourth edition,

Prentice Hall, Inc., (1998).4. M. Kulakarni, “Microwave and Radar Engineering”, Umesh Publications, 1998.5. Monochrome and Colour TV – R.R. Gulati.

Subject Code Energy Physics L T P CPHY7004 4 0 0 4

Pre-requisite: Nil Course Category: ElectiveCourse Type:Theory

Course Objectives: To understand the basic concepts of energies produced from various energy sources,

advantages and disadvantagesCourse Outcomes:Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able toCO1: To gain the knowledge about different energy sources, energy storage and distributionCO2: Understand the basic concepts related to ocean energy.CO3:Understand the basic principles in wind energy conversion and advantage and disadvantage of wind energy conversion systems.CO4:Gain the knowledge about the energy produced from biomass and biogas.CO5: Understand the concepts of solar cell and solar energy.Mapping of Course Outcome(s):

CO/PO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7CO1 H H L M M MCO2 H L L L L MCO3 H M L M M LCO4 H M L L L L LCO5 H M M M L L

H – High correlation; M – Medium Correlation; L – Low CorrelationUnit I: Energy SourcesIntroduction to energy sources - Energy sources and their availability – prospects of renewable energy sources – Energy from other sources – chemical energy – Nuclear energy –Energy storage and distribution.Unit II: Ocean EnergyOcean Energy Resource-Introduction-Tides: Tidel energy to electric energy conversion, Tidal power, Advantage and disadvantage of Tidel power-Ocean currents: Currents Energy to Electric energy conversion, Ocean currents resource in Puerto Rico-ocean Thermal energy: OTEC-Ocean waves energy.Unit III: Wind EnergyBasic principles of wind energy conversion – power in the wind – forces in the Blades – Wind energy conversion – Advantages and disadvantages of wind energy conversion systems(WECS) Energy storage – Applications of wind energy.Unit IV: Energy from Biomass and BiogasEnergy from Biomass: Biomass conversion Technologies – wet and dry process – Photosynthesis. Biogas Generation: Introduction – basic process and energetic – Advantages of anaerobic digestion – factors affecting bio digestion and generation of gas - biogas from waste fuel – properties of biogas- utilization of biogas.Unit V: Solar EnergySolar radiation and its measurements – solar, cells : Solar cells for direct conversion of solar energy to electric powers – solar cell parameter – solar cell electrical characteristics -Efficiency – solar water Heater – solar distillation – solar cooking – solar green house.Text Book:

1. Non-conventional sources of energy by G.D. Rai, 4th edition, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi, (1996)

Reference Books:1. Energy Technology by S. Rao and Dr. Parulekar.2. John Twidell and Tony weir, Renewable energy resources, Taylor and Francis group,

LondonandNewyork.3. M.P. Agarwal, Solar energy, S. Chand and Co.,4. A.B. Meinel and A.P. Meinal, Applied solar energy.5. Solar energy, principles of thermal collection and storage by S.P. Sukhatme

2ndedition,Tata McGraw-Hill publishing co. Ltd., New Delhi (1997).

kalasalingam.ac.inK. F. Riley, M. P. Hobson and S ... Interior and exterior solutions ... DRAM...

Documents

Transcript of kalasalingam.ac.inK. F. Riley, M. P. Hobson and S ... Interior and exterior solutions ... DRAM...