HANDBOOK

AND

EXPUNGEMENT GUIDE

Juvenile Court Judges’ Commission 2008

JUVENILE DELINQUENCY RECORDS

Introduction .................................................................................. 1

Juvenile Court Records ................................................................... 2

Definitions ............................................................................... 2 Inspectionof JuvenileCourtFiles/JuvenileProbation RecordsorReports .................................................................. 2 FactorstobeConsideredinAuthorizingtheInspectionof .......... JuvenileCourtFilesandJuvenileProbationRecords ................. andReports ............................................................................. 4 PoliciesRegardingtheDisseminationof JuvenileCourt RecordsandReports ................................................................ 5 Releaseof InformationtoSchools ........................................... 5 PublicAvailability ................................................................... 6 PublicDisclosureof InformationbaseduponanAdjudication of Delinquency .................................................................. 7 PublicDisclosureof InformationbaseduponaPetition AllegingDelinquency ......................................................... 8 EmploymentandMilitaryService ...................................... 9 TheConsequencesof HavingaJuvenileCourtRecord ............. 9 EffectinSubsequentJudicialMatters .............................. 10 HigherEducation ............................................................. 10 Suspensionof MotorVehicleOperatingPrivileges ............ 11 FelonyAdjudications/VehicleInvolved ...................... 11 VehicleCodeViolations(non-DUI) .............................. 11 Alcohol-relatedOffenses(non-vehiclecode) ................ 12 DUI-relatedOffenses .................................................. 13 Drug-relatedOffenses ................................................. 14 School-relatedOffenses ................................................ 15 Truancy-relatedDispositions ....................................... 15 Suspensionof OperatingPrivilegesattheCourt’s ............ Discretion .................................................................... 15

PossessionorPurchaseof aFirearm ................................ 15 TheUseof DelinquencyAdjudicationsforCriminal SentencingPurposes ........................................................ 16 Lapsingof JuvenileAdjudications .............................. 18

Table of Contents

PennsylvaniaSupremeCourt’sRecordRetentionand DispositionSchedule ............................................................. 18

Law Enforcement Records ........................................................... 18

PublicAvailability ................................................................. 19 FingerprintsandPhotographs ............................................... 19 JuvenileHistoryRecordInformation .................................... 20

DNA Samples ............................................................................... 21

Expungementof DNARecords ............................................. 22

Expungement of Juvenile Records ................................................ 22

Definitionof “Expunge”........................................................ 22 ExpungementProcess ............................................................ 23 RequirementsfortheExpungementof Records ..................... 24 ExpungementOrders ............................................................. 25 Distributionof ExpungementOrders .................................... 25 ExpungementsRelatedtotheIntercountyTransferof .............. DelinquencyCases ................................................................. 25 Expungementof DNARecords ............................................. 26 Expungementof PennDOTDriverHistoryInformation ....... 26

Glossary ....................................................................................... 27

Appendix ..................................................................................... 29

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Introduction Thereisageneralmisconceptionamongthepublicthatjuvenilecourtrecordsremainconfidential,orarecompletelydestroyed,whena juvenile reaches theageof majority. The reality is that recordspertainingtoajuvenile’sinvolvementwiththejuvenilejusticesystemcanhavelongstandingandsignificantconsequencesuponthefutureof thatindividual.

This document was produced to assist professionals inPennsylvania’s juvenile justice system to understand the differenttypes of records that exist in various locations as a result of ajuvenile’sinvolvementwithlawenforcementandthecourt.Writtenreportsinlawenforcementagencies,fingerprints,juvenileprobationrecordsandreports,juvenilecourtfiles,andDNArecordsallexistinjuvenileprobationdepartments,lawenforcementagencies,officesof theclerkof courts,andnumerousotheragenciesthatprovideservicestojuvenilesreferredtotheirprograms.

Thedisseminationof juvenilecourtrecordsisacriticallyimportantissue.Juvenilecourtdispositions,andrecordsof thosedispositions,mayresultinadditionalconsequencestoindividualssuchasthelossof operatingprivilegeof amotorvehicle,theinabilitytoentercertaincareersincludingthemilitary,acceptanceintoinstitutionsof higherlearning,thelossof therighttopurchaseorpossessfirearms,andinthecalculationof priorrecordscoresinconjunctionwithsentencingrelatedtosubsequentcriminalbehavior.

This document includes recommendations regarding themaintenance of this information and also includes informationregarding the expungement of juvenile court records includingproceduressetforthbytheSupremeCourtandexistingstatutesthatguidethisprocess.

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Juvenile Court Records Accesstocourtrecordsregardingjuvenileswhohaveinvolvementin the juvenile justice system is governed by the JuvenileAct (42Pa. C.S. Ch. 63) and the Pennsylvania Rules of Juvenile CourtProcedure. This section of the handbookwill define the differenttypesof juvenilecourtrecords,explainwhomayinspectfiles,records,and reports, and describe the circumstances under which limitedinformationmaybeprovidedtothepublic.

Definitions

Theterms“juvenilecourtfiles”and“juvenileprobationrecordsandreports”havebeendefinedinthePennsylvaniaRulesof JuvenileCourtProcedure,asfollows: Juvenile Court Files – include all original records, papers andordersfiled,copiesof allcourtnotices,anddocketentries.1 Theserecordsmustbemaintainedbytheclerkof courtsandmaynotbetakenfromthecustodyof theclerkof courtswithoutacourtorder.

Juvenile Probation Records or Reports–include,butarenotlimitedto, social summaries, psychological and psychiatric evaluations,personalhistories,schoolrecordsandreports,mentalhealthhistoriesand reports, drug and alcohol evaluations and placement facilityrecordsandreports.2

Inspection of Juvenile Court Files / Juvenile Probation Records or Reports

Both thePennsylvaniaRulesof JuvenileCourtProcedureandtheJuvenileActsetforthwhomayinspectjuvenilecourtfilesandjuvenile probation records and reports.3 Juvenile court files andjuvenileprobation recordsand reportsareopen to inspectiononlyby:

1SeePa.R.J.C.P.166.2SeeCommenttoPa.R.J.C.P.160.3SeePa.R.J.C.P.160and42Pa.C.S.§6307(a).

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• the judges,masters, juvenile probation officers, and staff of thecourt;

• the attorney for theCommonwealth, the juvenile’s attorney,andthejuvenile,butthepersonsinthiscategoryshallnotbepermitted to see reports revealing the names of confidentialsourcesof information,exceptatthediscretionof thecourt;

• apublicorprivateagencyorinstitutionprovidingsupervisionorhavingcustodyof thejuvenileunderorderof thecourt;4

• acourtanditsprobationofficersandotherofficialsorstaff andtheattorneyforthedefendantforuseinpreparingapre-sentencereport inacriminalcase inwhichthedefendant isconvictedandwhopriortheretohadbeenapartytoaproceedingundertheJuvenileAct;

• ajudgeorissuingauthorityforuseindeterminingbail,providedthat such inspection is limited to orders of delinquencyadjudicationsanddispositionsandpetitions relating thereto,ordersresultingfromdispositionalreviewhearings,andhistoriesof benchwarrantsandescapes;

• theAdministrativeOfficeof thePennsylvaniaCourts(AOPC);• the judges, officers andprofessional staff of courts of other

jurisdictionswhennecessaryforthedischargeof theirofficialduties;

• officials of theDepartment of Corrections (DOC) or a statecorrectionalinstitutionorotherpenalinstitutiontowhichanindividualwhohasbeenpreviouslyadjudicateddelinquentinaproceedingundertheJuvenileActhasbeencommitted,butthepersonsinthiscategoryarenotpermittedtoseereportsrevealingthenamesof confidentialsourcesof informationcontainedinsocialreports,exceptatthediscretionof thecourt;

• aparoleboard,courtorcountyprobationofficialinconsideringan individual’s parole or in exercising supervision over anyindividual who was previously adjudicated delinquent in aproceedingundertheJuvenileAct,butthesepersonsarenotpermitted to see reports revealing the names of confidentialsources of information contained in social reports, exceptatthediscretionof thecourt;

4Theterm“supervision”inthiscontextshouldbeinterpretedbroadlytoincluderesponsibility,oversightorotherauthorityoverajuvenile,grantedpursuanttoanorderof court.

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• thestateSexualOffendersAssessmentBoard(SOAB)foruseincompletingassessments;and

• withleaveof court,anyotherperson,agencyorinstitutionhavingalegitimateinterestintheproceedingsorintheworkof theunifiedjudicialsystem.

Itiscriticalthatcourtsestablishwrittenpoliciesandproceduresgoverningtheinspectionanddisseminationof courtfilesandrecords,especiallywithregardtorecordsthatareopentoinspectiononlywithleaveof court.

Factors to be Considered in Authorizing the Inspection of Juvenile Court Files and Juvenile Probation Records and Reports

Howacourtdetermineswhethertograntanindividualoragencytheopportunitytoinspectthefilesandrecordsof ajuvenile,if theindividualoragencyisnotstatutorilyentitledtodoso,isanimportantissue.Itisimperative,therefore,forcourtstohaveobjectivecriteriaand consistent policies governing the inspection of juvenile courtfilesandjuvenileprobationrecordsandreports.RecommendationsinthisregardaresetforthintheJuvenileCourtJudges’Commission(JCJC)StandardsGoverningtheReleaseof InformationContainedinJuvenileCourtFilesandJuvenileProbationRecordsandReports.5

AccordingtotheseJCJCStandards,requestsforaccessto,orcopiesof,juvenilecourtfilesorjuvenileprobationrecordsorreportsshouldbeintheformof amotiontothecourtthatspecifiestheinformationbeingsoughtandthepurposeforwhichtheinformationwillbeused.Indeterminingwhethertograntthemotionthecourtshouldconsider:

• thepurposeforwhichtheinformationwillbeused;• thenatureof theinformationrequested;• administrativeorlegislativeauthoritygoverningtherelease

of theinformation;• thenatureof theoffense;and• theimpactthatthereleaseof theinformationwouldhaveon

thejuvenileandthecommunity.

5See37Pa.Code§200.802etseq.

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Withrespecttotheissueof subpoenasbeingissuedforjuvenilecourtrecords,itisrecommendedthatsolongasthesubpoenaclearlysetsforththerecordsbeingsought,thereisnoneedtohaveacourtorder entered by the courtwhose juvenile court records are beingsought.However,if thesubpoenaisambiguous,acourtordershouldbeissuedbythecourtwhoserecordsarebeingsought,toauthorizeandprovideguidanceregardingthereleaseanduseof therecords.

Policies regarding the Dissemination of Juvenile Court Records and Reports

The JCJC Standards Governing the Release of InformationContainedinJuvenileCourtFilesandJuvenileProbationRecordsandReportsrecommendthatcourtsadoptwrittenpoliciesandproceduresgoverningthedisseminationof juvenileprobationrecordsandreports.Itisspecificallyrecommendedthatthepoliciesincludearequirementthat a representative from the juvenile probation departmentmustbepresent throughout the inspectionof records,and that therepresentativeberesponsiblefortheduplicationof records.Juvenileprobationdepartmentsshouldmaintainacase-specificwrittenrecordlistingthenamesandaddressesof individualstowhomcopiesof recordsareprovided. A statementprohibiting the secondarydisseminationof informationshouldaccompanyrecordsprovidedtoindividuals.Itshouldbenotedthatdrugandalcoholtreatmentinformationshouldnotbedisseminatedwithoutthewrittenconsentof thejuvenile.Absentawrittenconsent,drugandalcoholtreatmentmayonlybedisseminatedwithacourtorderissueduponashowingof goodcause.6

Release of Information to Schools

The Juvenile Act, the Pennsylvania Rules of Juvenile CourtProcedure, and JCJC Standards set forth provisions relating to therelease of information to schools.7 When a juvenile is adjudicateddelinquent, the court, through the juvenile probation department,mustprovidethenameandaddressof thejuvenile,thedelinquentactsthejuvenilewasfoundtohavecommitted,abrief descriptionof the

6See42CFRPart2§2.14(b),71P.S.§1690.108and4Pa.Code§255.5.7See42Pa.C.S.§6341(b.1),Pa.R.J.C.P.163,and37Pa.Code§200.803.

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actsandthedispositionof thecasetothebuildingprincipal,orhisorherdesignee,of theschoolwherethejuvenileisenrolled.

Whenajuvenileisadjudicateddelinquentforafelony,thejuvenileprobation departmentmust also provide relevant information in thejuvenileprobationortreatmentreportspertainingtotheadjudication,prior delinquent history and the supervision plan of the juvenile.Additional informationmay likewise be provided to the principal ordesigneebythejuvenileprobationdepartmentasdeemednecessarytoprotectpublicsafetyortoenableappropriatetreatment,supervisionorrehabilitationof thejuvenile.

Information sharedwith schools is to be for the limited purposeof protecting school personnel and students from danger posed bythe juvenileand toarrangeappropriate counselingandeducation forthejuvenile. Anyinformationprovidedtotheschoolbythejuvenileprobationdepartmentmustbesharedwiththejuvenile’steachersandmustbekept separate fromthe juvenile’sofficial school record. Theinformationmaynot be used for admissions purposes or disciplinarydecisionsunlesstheact(s)surroundingtheadjudicationoccurredwithin1,500feetof schoolproperty.

Whenajuveniletransfersfromoneschooltoanother,anyinformationprovided to the building principal, or his or her designee, must betransferredtothebuildingprincipal,ordesignee,of theschooltowhichthe juvenile transfers enrollment. School officials should maintainawritten log listingthenamesandaddressesof individualstowhomcopiesof recordsareprovidedtoassistwiththeexpungementof recordsshouldthecourtenteranexpungementorder.

Public Availability Undercertaincircumstances,thepublicisentitledtoreceivelimitedinformationregardingjuvenilecourtproceedings.TheJuvenileActandtheRulesof JuvenileCourtProcedure8setforthcriteriaunderwhichinformation may be released to the public, the specific informationthat may be released, and procedures regarding the release of suchinformation.

8See42Pa.C.S.§6307(b)andPa.R.J.C.P.160(B).

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Public Disclosure of Information based upon an Adjudication of Delinquency

42 Pa. C.S. §6307(b)(1)(i) provides that the public is entitled toreceive certain information when a juvenile has been adjudicateddelinquentforafelonycommittedwhenthejuvenilewas14yearsof ageorolder,orwhenajuvenilehasbeenadjudicateddelinquentforoneof thefollowingoffensescommittedwhenthejuvenilewas12or13yearsof age:

• Murder;• Voluntarymanslaughter;• Aggravatedassaultasdefinedin18Pa.C.S.§2702(a)(1)or(2);• Arsonasdefinedin18Pa.C.S.§3301(a)(1);• Involuntarydeviatesexualintercourse;• Kidnapping;• Rape;• Robberyasdefinedin18Pa.C.S.§3701(a)(1)(i),(ii)or(iii);• Robberyof motorvehicle;or• Attemptorconspiracytocommitanyof theoffenseslistedin

thisparagraph. Whentheaforementionedcriteriaaremet,theRulesof JuvenileCourt Procedure require the court to include a designation on thedispositionalorderastowhetherthecaseiseligibleforlimitedpublicinformation.9 TheRules of Juvenile Court Procedure also providethat,uponrequest,theclerkof courtsistocreateapublicdocumentif thecaseisdeemedeligibleforpublicinspection,whichincludesthefollowinginformation:

• thejuvenile’sname;• thejuvenile’sage;• thejuvenile’saddress;• theoffensesallegedinthepetition;• theadjudicationoneachallegation;and• thedispositionof thecase.10

9SeePa.R.J.C.P.515(A)(3).10SeePa.R.J.C.P.160(B).

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Because release of information to the public is based, in largepart,upontheoffense,itiscriticalthatcourtsmakedeterminationsregardingalloffensesallegedinthepetition.Courtsarerequiredtospecifytheparticularoffenseswhichthejuvenilehasbeenfoundtohave committed, including the grading and counts thereof, on therecord.11

Public Disclosure of Information based upon a Petition Alleging Delinquency

Publicdisclosureof certaininformationcontainedincourtfilesmayalsooccurwhenapetitionallegingdelinquencyhasbeenfiledincertaincases.Thisappliestojuvenileswhoare14yearsof ageorolderatthetimeof thecurrentlyallegedoffense,theoffensewouldbeafelonyif committedbyanadult,andthejuvenilehasapreviousadjudicationof delinquencyforafelonyoffensecommittedwhenthejuvenilewas14yearsof ageorolderorwasadjudicateddelinquentwhen the childwas12or 13years of age for oneof the followingoffenses;orwhenapetitionallegingdelinquencyhasbeenfiledandthejuvenilewas12or13yearsof ageatthetimeof theoffense,theallegedconductconstitutesoneormoreof thefollowingoffensesandthe juvenilewaspreviously adjudicateddelinquent for any one of theseoffensescommittedwhenthejuvenilewasage12or13:

• Murder;• Voluntarymanslaughter;• Aggravatedassaultasdefinedin18Pa.C.S.§2702(a)(1)or(2);• Arsonasdefinedin18Pa.C.S.§3301(a)(1);• Involuntarydeviatesexualintercourse;• Kidnapping;• Rape;• Robberyasdefinedin18Pa.C.S.§3701(a)(1)(i),(ii)or(iii);• Robberyof motorvehicle;or• Attemptorconspiracytocommitanyof theoffenseslistedin

thisparagraph.

Whentheaforementionedcriteriaaremet,theRulesof JuvenileCourtProcedurerequirethatthepetitioncontainanavermentasto

11See42Pa.C.S.§6341(b)andPa.R.J.C.P.408.

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whetherthecaseiseligibleforlimitedpublicinformationpursuantto42Pa.C.S.§6307(b)(1)(ii).12 TheRulesof JuvenileCourtProcedurealsoprovidethat,uponrequest,theclerkof courtsistocreateapublicdocument if the case is deemed eligible for public inspection. Thepublicdocumentistocontainonlythefollowinginformation:

• thejuvenile’sname;• thejuvenile’sage;• thejuvenile’saddress;and• theoffensesallegedinthejuvenile’spetition.13

Employment and Military Service

Prospectiveemployers,militaryrecruiters,andothersconductingbackground checks frequently make requests for juvenile courtinformation.However,unlesspublicavailabilitycriteriaaremet,theJCJCStandardsGoverningtheReleaseof InformationContainedinJuvenile CourtFiles and JuvenileProbationRecords andReportsrecommendthatacourtorderbeobtainedtoauthorizethereleaseof such information.14 A court order authorizing the release of informationshouldberequired,evenincaseswheretherecruiterhasasignedreleasefromthejuvenile.

All branches of the military have regulations governing theeligibilityof personswhohavehadinvolvementinthejuvenilejusticesystem.Juvenileswhohavehadinvolvementinthejuvenilejusticesystemshouldreviewtheeligibilityrequirementsforthebranchinwhichtheyintendtoapply.

The Consequences of Having a Juvenile Court Record

TheJuvenileActprovides thatanorderof disposition,orotheradjudication,inaproceedingundertheJuvenileActisnotaconvictionof acrimeanddoesnotimposeanycivildisabilityordinarilyresultingfromaconvictionoroperatetodisqualifythechildinanycivilservice

12SeePa.R.J.C.P.330(C)(14).13SeePa.R.J.C.P.160(B).14See37Pa.Code§200.802.

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application or appointment.15 However, juvenile court dispositionsmayaffectapersoninavarietyof ways.

Effect in Subsequent Judicial Matters

TheJuvenileActprovidesthatjuvenilecourtdispositionsmaybeusedagainstajuvenileunderthefollowingcircumstances:

• in disposition proceedings after conviction for the purposesof a presentence investigation and report if the child wasadjudicateddelinquent;

• in a subsequent juvenile hearing, whether before or afterreachingmajority;

• if relevant, where the juvenile has put his reputation orcharacterinissueinacivilmatter;or

• in a criminal proceeding, if the juvenile was adjudicateddelinquent for an offense, the evidence of which would beadmissibleif committedbyanadult.16

Higher Education

An increasing number of institutions of higher learning nowinquireaboutthepriorjuvenilecourtinvolvementof applicantswhodesireadmission. Collegesanduniversitiesareincreasinglyusingastandardapplication,knownasthe“CommonApplication”,whichhasaquestionaboutwhethertheapplicanthaseverbeenconvictedof afelony,misdemeanororothercrime.Theapplicationalsoincludessectionswhereteachersandschoolcounselorsareaskedaboutknownconvictionsandthestudent’sdisciplinaryrecord.However,juvenilescurrentlyorpreviouslysubjecttojuvenilecourtdispositionscanrespond in the negative to questions regardingwhether theywereconvicted of a crime because, as previously noted, the JuvenileActprovidesthatanorderof dispositionorotheradjudicationinaproceedingundertheJuvenileActisnota“conviction”,anddoesnotimposeacivildisabilityordinarilyresultingfromaconviction.17 TheCommonApplicationcanbeviewedathttp://www.commonapp.org/.

15See42Pa.C.S.§6354(a).16See42Pa.C.S.§6354(b).17See42Pa.C.S.§6354(a).

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Suspension of Motor Vehicle Operating Privileges

Thissectionincludesinformationoncircumstanceswheremotorvehicleoperatingprivilegesmaybesuspended.Juvenilesnothavingalicenseatthetimeof suspensionareineligibletoapplyforadriver’slicense for the timeperiod specifiedby the license suspension. If ajuvenileisundertheageof 16whenalicensesuspensionisordered,thesuspensionwill commence automatically upon the individual’s 16thbirthdayforthespecifiedperiodof time.18

It shouldbenotedthat therehavebeen instanceswheredriverhistory information, including suspensions of operating privilegesrelatedtoconsentdecreesandadjudicationsof delinquency,hasbeenreleased by the PennsylvaniaDepartment of Transportation eventhough the court-related information could not legally have beenreleasedtothepublic.PleaserefertotheExpungementof PennDOTDriverHistoryInformationsectionof thishandbook(page26) forinformationrelatingtothepoliciesof PennDOTwithrespecttothisissue.

Felony Adjudications / Vehicle Involved

The suspension of operatingprivileges for oneyear is requiredwhenajuvenilehasbeenadjudicateddelinquentforafelonyoffenseandtheCourtdeterminesthatavehiclewasessentiallyinvolved.19

Vehicle Code Violations (non-DUI)

A suspensionof operatingprivileges is required for threeyearsfor a conviction or adjudication of delinquency for the offense of homicidebyvehicle(75Pa.C.S.§3732).20

Asuspensionof operatingprivilegesisrequiredforoneyearforaconvictionoradjudicationof delinquencyforthefollowingoffenses:21

18See75Pa.C.S.§1541(a).19See75Pa.C.S.§1532(a)(1).20See75Pa.C.S.§1532(a.1).21See75Pa.C.S.§1532(a)(3).

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• Accidentsinvolvingdeathorpersonalinjury(75Pa.C.S.§3742);

• Accidentsinvolvingdeathorpersonalinjurywhilenotproperlylicensed(75Pa.C.S.§3742.1);

• Dealingintitlesandplatesforstolenvehicles(75Pa.C.S.§7111);• Falseapplicationforcertificateof titleorregistration(75Pa.

C.S.§7121);• Altered,forgedorcounterfeitdocumentsandplates(75Pa.

C.S.§7122);• Fleeingorattemptingtoeludeapoliceofficer(75Pa.C.S.

§3733).22

Asuspensionof operatingprivilegesisrequiredforsixmonthsforaconvictionoradjudicationof delinquencyforthefollowingoffenses:23

• Racingonhighways(75Pa.C.S.§3367);• Carelessdriving(75Pa.C.S.§3714(b));• Drivingwithoutlightstoavoididentificationorarrest(75Pa.

C.S.§3734);• Recklessdriving(75Pa.C.S.§3736);and• Accidentsinvolvingdamagetoattendedvehicleorproperty

(75Pa.C.S.§3743).

Asuspensionof operatingprivilegesisrequiredforthreemonthsforaconvictionoradjudicationof delinquencyforthefollowingoffenses:

• Operationfollowingsuspensionof registration(75Pa.C.S.§1371);24and

• Carelessdrivinginvolvingseriousbodilyinjury(75Pa.C.S.§3714(c)).25

Alcohol-related Offenses (non-vehicle code)

A suspension of operating privileges is required for convictions,adjudications of delinquency, or admissions into a pre-adjudicationprogramforthefollowingsummaryoffenses:

22See75Pa.C.S.§1532(b)(3).23See75Pa.C.S.§1532(b)(1).24See75Pa.C.S.§1532(b)(4).25See75Pa.C.S.§1532(b)(5).

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• Misrepresentationof agetosecureliquorormaltorbrewedbeverages(18Pa.C.S.§6307);

• Purchase,consumption,possessionortransportationof liquorormaltorbrewedbeverages(18Pa.C.S.§6308);and

• Carryingafalseidentificationcard(18Pa.C.S.§6310.3).

Unless includedonadelinquencypetitionbecausethesummaryoffensearoseoutof thesameepisodeortransaction,thesesummaryoffenseswouldnormallybeheardbyamagisterialdistrictjudge.

For the offenses mentioned above, a suspension of operatingprivilegesfor90daysisrequiredforafirstoffense;oneyearfromthedateof suspensionforasecondoffense;andtwoyearsfromthedateof suspensionforthirdorsubsequentoffenses.26

DUI-related Offenses

Asuspensionof operatingprivilegesisrequiredforthreemonthsfor a conviction for the offense of minor prohibited fromoperatingwithanyalcoholinsystem(75Pa.C.S.§3718).27

Suspensionof operatingprivileges for sixmonths is required forjuvenileswhoreceiveaconsentdecreedispositionfordrivingundertheinfluenceof alcoholorcontrolledsubstance(75Pa.C.S.§3802).28

Asuspensionof operatingprivilegesisrequiredforoneyearforaconvictionoradjudicationof delinquencyfortheoffenseof aggravatedassault by vehicle while driving under the influence (75 Pa. C.S.§3735.1).29

Asuspensionof operatingprivilegesisrequiredforthreeyearsforaconvictionoradjudicationof delinquencyfortheoffenseof homicidebyvehiclewhiledrivingundertheinfluence(75Pa.C.S.§3735).30

26See75Pa.C.S.§1532(d)and18Pa.C.S.§6310.4(b).27See75Pa.C.S.§1532(b)(4).28See75Pa.C.S.§3804(e)(2)(v).29See75Pa.C.S.§1532(a)(3).30See75Pa.C.S.§1532(a.1)(2).

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Juvenileswhoareadjudicateddelinquent fordrivingundertheinfluence of alcohol or controlled substance will have operatingprivilegessuspendedpursuantto75Pa.C.S.§3804(e),asfollows:

• 12monthsforanungradedmisdemeanorormisdemeanorof the seconddegree, including general impairment as definedin75Pa.C.S.§3802(a)(1)and(2).Generally,thisincludesanalcoholconcentrationof aminor’sbloodorbreathof atleast0.02%,butnotmorethan0.10%withintwohoursaftertheindividualhasdriven,operatedorbeeninactualphysical

controlof themovementof thevehicle.31Anindividualwhoviolates§3802(a)andhasmorethanoneprioroffense,commitsamisdemeanorof theseconddegree.32

• 18 months for a misdemeanor of the first degree, includingDUI where there was an accident resulting in bodily injury,seriousbodilyinjuryordeathof anypersonorindamagetoavehicleorotherproperty;analcoholconcentrationof aminor’sblood or breath of more than 0.10%within two hours afterthe individualhasdriven,operatedorbeen inactualphysicalcontrolof themovementof thevehicle;DUIwhileinphysicalcontrolof themovementof acommercialvehicle,schoolbusorschoolvehiclewherealcoholconcentrationof aminor’sbloodorbreathof morethan0.04%orgreaterwithintwohoursaftertheindividualhasdriven,operatedorbeeninactualphysicalcontrolof themovementof acommercialvehicleotherthanaschoolbusorschoolvehicle;0.02%orgreaterwithintwohoursafterthe individualhasdriven,operatedorbeen inactualphysicalcontrolof themovementof aschoolbusorschoolvehicle.

Drug-related Offenses

Asuspensionof operatingprivilegesisrequiredforaconvictionoradjudi-cationof delinquencyrelatingtoanyoffenseinvolvingthepossession,sale,delivery,offeringforsale,holdingforsaleorgivingawayof anycontrolled

31See75Pa.C.S.§3802(e).32See75Pa.C.S.§3803(a)(2).

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substance.Asuspensionforsixmonthsisrequiredforafirstoffense;oneyearforasecondoffense;andtwoyearsforthirdandsubsequentoffenses.33

School-related Offenses

Asuspensionof operatingprivilegesisrequiredforadjudicationsof delinquency relating to terroristic threats committed on schoolproperty, including any public school grounds, during any school-sponsoredactivity,oronanyconveyanceprovidingtransportationtoaschoolentityorschool-sponsoredactivity. Asuspensionforsixmonthsisrequiredforafirstoffense;oneyearforasecondoffense;andtwoyearsforthirdandsubsequentoffenses.34

Truancy-related Dispositions

Asuspensionof operatingprivilegesisrequiredforjuvenileswhoviolatecompulsoryattendancerequirements(24Pa.C.S.§13-1333).Asuspensionfor90daysisrequiredforafirstviolation,and6monthsforasecondviolation.

Suspension of Operating Privileges at the Court’s Discretion

The court may order the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation to suspend theoperatingprivilegesof a juvenile foranyotheroffenseatthecourt’sdiscretion.

Possession or Purchase of a Firearm

18Pa.C.S.A.§6105prohibitsjuvenileswhohavebeenadjudicateddelinquentof certainoffenses(seetheAppendixforalistingof theseoffenses) from possessing, using, manufacturing, controlling, sellingortransferringfirearms.Itshouldbenotedthatthisprohibitionalsoappliestopersonswhohavebeeninvoluntarilycommittedformentalhealth treatment under the Mental Health Procedures Act, andpersonswhoarethesubjectof anactiveprotectionfromabuseorderissuedpursuantto23Pa.C.S.§6108,whentheorderprovidedfortherelinquishmentof firearms.

33See75Pa.C.S.§1532(c)(1).34See75Pa.C.S.§1532(c)(1).

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The Pennsylvania State Police (PSP) maintains a registry of juvenileswhohavebeenadjudicateddelinquentfortheoffensessetforthinthisstatute. However,thecontentsof thelawenforcementrecords concerning juveniles are not to be disclosed in conjunctionwithafirearmspurchasebackgroundcheck,unlessthejuvenilewas14yearsof ageorolderatthetimeof theallegedoffenseandthejuvenile:

• has been adjudicated delinquent on the basis of an offenseenumeratedin18Pa.C.S.§6105;or

• a petition alleging delinquency has been filed alleging thatthejuvenilehascommittedanyoffenseenumeratedin18Pa.C.S.§6105,andthejuvenilehadbeenpreviouslyadjudicateddelinquent by a court as a result of an act or acts whichincludedtheelementsof anyoneof thesecrimes.

It should be noted that it has been PSP policy to classify anadjudicationof delinquencyrelatedtoadrug-relatedoffensewithinthepastyearasaconvictionunderfederalinterpretationof a“druguser”.35 According toPSP policy, a juvenilewho is arrested on adrug-relatedoffensewithin thepast5yearsandhasadrugarrestinthepastyear, isalsoprohibitedfrompurchasingorpossessingafirearm. The prohibition related to the possession, use, manufacture,control, sale or transfer of firearms terminates 15 years after thedateof thelastapplicableadjudicationof delinquency,oratage30,whichevercomesfirst.

The Use of Delinquency Adjudications for Criminal Sentencing Purposes

While adjudications of delinquency can be included inpresentenceinvestigationsandconsideredbythecourtinframingasentencefollowingacriminalconviction,onlycertainadjudicationsof delinquencyarecountedwhencalculatingthepriorrecordscore,pursuanttotheSentencingGuidelinesdevelopedbythePennsylvaniaCommissiononSentencing.Adjudicationsof delinquencyare

35See27CFR§478.11.

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countedinthePriorRecordScoreif theoffenseoccurredonorafterthe juvenile’s 14th birthday, and if there was an express findingbythecourtthattheadjudicationrelatedtoafelonyoroneof theMisdemeanor1offenseslistedin204Pa.Code§303.7(a)(4).

Thefollowingisanexcerptfrom204Pa.Code§303.7(relatingtoPriorRecordScore-GuidelinePointsScoring):

a. §303.7(a)(1)-Fourpointsareaddedforeachprioradjudicationof delinquencyforthefollowingoffenses:

• Murder,andattempt,solicitationorconspiracytocommitMurder

• All other completed crimes of violence, excludinginchoates,asdefinedin42Pa.C.S.§9714(g)(seeappendixforalistingof theseoffenses)

• Murder of Unborn Child, and attempt, solicitation orconspiracytocommitMurderof UnbornChild

• Offenses with an Offense Gravity Score (OGS) of 11or greater, excluding inchoates and violations of theControlledSubstanceAct

• EthnicIntimidationtoanyFelony1offense

b. §303.7 (a)(2) – Three points are added for each prioradjudicationof delinquencyforFelony1offensesnot listedin §303.7 (a)(1), inchoates tooffenses listed in §303.7 (a)(1),Sexualassault,Aggravatedindecentassaultandviolationsof 35P.S.§§780-113(relatingtoprohibitedacts;penalties).

c. §303.7(a)(3)-Twopointsareaddedforeachadjudicationof delinquencyforFelony2offensesnotlistedin§303.7(a)(1)or§303.7(a)(2),andallfelonydrugoffensesnotlistedin§303.7(a)(2)includinginchoates.

d. §303.7 (a)(4) – One point is added for each adjudication of delinquencyforfeloniesnotlistedin§303.7(a)(1),(a)(2)or(a)(3), and forMisdemeanor1offenses that involveweaponsorinvolve death or danger to children, and Driving under the

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influenceof alcoholorcontrolledsubstancewhenthegradeisamisdemeanor.

e. §303.7(a)(5)–Allothermisdemeanoroffensesdesignatedbyan“m”intheoffenselistingat§303.15.Pointsaddeddependonthenumberof previousconvictions.

Lapsing of Juvenile Adjudications

Prior juvenile adjudications for four point offenses listed in§303.7(a)(1)arealwaysincludedinthePriorRecordScore.AllotheradjudicationscurrentlylapseandarenotcountedinthePriorRecordScore,if theoffenderwas28yearsof ageorolderatthetimetheoffenseforwhichtheoffenderisbeingsentencedwascommitted.36

Pennsylvania Supreme Court’s Record Retention and Disposition Schedule

The Pennsylvania Supreme Court’s “Record Retention andDisposition Schedule with Guidelines” (Pa. R.J.A. 507) includesa schedule for juvenile delinquency and dependency records. Theguidelinesprovidethat,unlessexpunged,thedocketandoriginalcourtordersareconsidered“permanent”records,andmaynotbedestroyedunlessreplicatedpursuanttoSupremeCourtguidelines.

Allotherrecords,includingpetitions,evaluations,casesupervisionrecords, etc. are considered “non-permanent” records and, unlessexpunged,maynotbedestroyeduntilthechildreachestwenty-fiveyearsof ageortenyearsafterthedateof thelastaction,whicheverislater.

Law Enforcement Records

TheJuvenileActsetsforthprovisionsregardingtheinspectionanddisseminationof lawenforcementrecords.37Lawenforcementfilesandrecordsof juvenilesmustbekeptseparatefromthefilesandrecordsof adults,andinspectionof thefilesandrecordsispermittedbyonlythefollowing:

36See204Pa.Code§303.6(c).37See42Pa.C.S.§6308.

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• thecourthavingthechildbeforeitinanyproceeding;• counselforapartytotheproceeding;• the officers of institutions or agencies to whom the child is

committed;• lawenforcementofficersof otherjurisdictionswhennecessaryfor

thedischargeof theirofficialduties;and• acourtinwhichthejuvenileisconvictedof acriminaloffenseforthe

purposeof apresentencereportorotherdispositionalproceeding,orbyofficialsof penalinstitutionsandotherpenalfacilitiestowhichajuvenileiscommitted,orbyaparoleboardinconsideringparoleordischarge,orinexercisingsupervisionoverhim.

Public Availability

Unless a charge of delinquency is transferred for criminalprosecution, the interest of national security requires, or the courtotherwisedeterminesthatitwouldbeintheinterestof thejuvenile,lawenforcementrecordsandfilesarenotopentopublicinspectionandtheircontentsmaynotbedisclosedtothepublic,unlessthesamecriteriathatexistsforthepublicavailabilityof courtfilesandrecordsaremet.38 If thejuvenile’sconductmeetsthepublicavailabilitycriteria,thelawenforcement agency is required todisclose the juvenile’s name, age,address,theoffenseschargedandthedispositionof thecase.

Fingerprints and Photographs

TheJuvenileAct sets forthprovisions regarding the taking anddisseminationof fingerprints andphotographs.39 Lawenforcementofficershavetheauthoritytotakethefingerprintsandphotographsof anyjuvenilewhoisallegedtohavecommittedamisdemeanororfelonyoffense.Thelawenforcementagencythatallegedthechildtobedelinquentisrequiredtotakefingerprintsandphotographsof achildwhoisadjudicateddelinquentortransferredforcriminalprosecution,and to forward those records to the PSP CentralRepository. If ajuvenileisadjudicateddelinquentandthejuvenilewasallegedtobedelinquentbyotherthanalawenforcementagency,thecourtmust

38See42Pa.C.S.§6308(b).39See42Pa.C.S.§6308(c).

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directthejuvenileprobationdepartmenttoensurethatthefingerprintsandphotographsaretakenbyalawenforcementagency.

In situations where fingerprints and photographs have beentaken,and it is subsequentlydetermined that the juveniledidnotcommittheoffensesforwhichhewasallegedtobedelinquent,thecourtmustdirectthattherecordsbeimmediatelydestroyedbythelawenforcementagency.

Fingerprints and photographsmay only be disseminated to lawenforcementofficersof other jurisdictions, thePSPandtheFederalBureauof Investigation,andmaybeusedforinvestigativepurposes.

All fingerprints and photographs of juveniles must be keptseparatefromadultfingerprintsandphotographs.AJuvenileOffenseTrackingNumber(JOTN)isassignedbythePSPafterajuvenileisfingerprinted, unlike in criminal caseswhere theOffense TrackingNumber(OTN)isassignedpriortofingerprinting.

Juvenile History Record Information

The Juvenile Act sets forth the provisions of juvenile historyrecord information regarding alleged and adjudicated delinquents,whichismaintainedbythePSPintheCentralRepository.40Juvenilehistoryrecordinformationconsistsof fingerprintsandphotographs,identifiable descriptions, dates and notations of arrests or otherdelinquency charges, and juvenile court dispositions other thandismissal.Italsoincludesthelastknownlocationandthejuvenilecourtjurisdictionstatusof eachadjudicateddelinquent.

Juvenile history record information does not include intelligenceinformation, investigative information, treatment informationincluding medical and psychiatric information, caution indicatorinformation,modusoperandiinformation,wantedpersonsinformation,stolenpropertyinformation,missingpersonsinformation,employmenthistory information, personal history information or presentenceinvestigationinformation.

40See42Pa.C.S.§6309.

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DNA Samples

Ajuvenilewhoisadjudicateddelinquentfora“felonysexoffense”or“otherspecifiedoffense”asdefinedat44Pa.C.S.§2303,musthaveaDNAsampledrawnforinclusionintheStateDNADataBankandStateDNADataBaseadministeredbythePennsylvaniaStatePolice(PSP).41

Theterm“felonysexoffense”isdefinedat44Pa.C.S.§2303asafelonyoffense,oranattempt,conspiracyorsolicitationtocommitafelonyoffenseunderanyof thefollowing:

• 18Pa.C.S.Chapter31(relatingtosexualoffenses)• 18Pa.C.S.§4302(relatingtoincest)• 18Pa.C.S.§5902(c)(1)(iii)and(iv)(relatingtoprostitution

andrelatedoffenses)• 18Pa. C.S. §5903 (a) (relating to obscene and other sexual

materialsandperformances)• 18Pa.C.S.§6312(relatingtosexualabuseof children)• 18Pa.C.S. §6318 (relating tounlawfulcontactwithminor)

where the most serious underlying offense for which thedefendantcontactedtheminorisgradedasafelony

• 18Pa.C.S.§6320(relatingtosexualexploitationof children)

Theterm“otherspecifiedoffense”isdefinedat44Pa.C.S.§2303asafelonyoffense,oranoffenseunder18Pa.C.S.§2910(relatingtoluringachildintoamotorvehicle)or18Pa.C.S.§3126(relatingtoindecentassault)oranattempttocommitsuchanoffense. AllDNAsamples, togetherwitha full setof fingerprintsmustbe delivered to the PSP within 48 hours of drawing the sample.Samples are stored at the PSP’s Bureau of Forensic Services andDNALaboratoryinGreensburg,Pennsylvania.

44 Pa. C.S. §2322 provides that unless undue hardship wouldresult,amandatorycostof $250mustbeassessedonanyperson

41See 44Pa.C.S.§2316.

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adjudicateddelinquent fora“felonysexoffense”or“otherspecifiedoffense”.AllproceedsderivedfromtheseassessmentsaretransmittedtotheDNADetectionFundestablishedintheStateTreasury.

The JCJC Standards Governing the Intercounty Transfer of DelinquencyCases42recommendsthat, inintercountytransfercases,thecourtwhichadjudicatesajuveniledelinquentshouldensurethattheDNAsampleisdrawn.

Expungement of DNA Records

DNA samples may only be expunged on the grounds that theadjudicationof delinquencywasreversedandthecasedismissed,orthattheDNAsamplewasincludedinthedatabasebymistake.43Itisimperativethatexpungementorderscontaintheessentialcase-specificinformationrequiredbythePSPtoproperlyidentifytherecordsthataretobeexpunged.ItisrecommendedthatcourtorderstoexpungeDNArecordsincludelanguagespecificallydirectingthePSPtonotifythecourtof theactiontakeninresponsetotheexpungementorder.

Expungement of Juvenile Records

Definition of “Expunge”

The Criminal History Record Information Act, which appliesto alleged and adjudicated delinquents whose fingerprints andphotographs are taken, and to any juvenile justice agency whichcollects,maintains,disseminatesor receives juvenilehistoryrecordinformation,44defines“expunge”,45asfollows:

1. toremoveinformationsothereisnotraceorindicationthatsuchinformationexisted;

2. to eliminate all identifiers whichmay be used to trace theidentityof anindividual,allowingremainingdatatobeusedforstatisticalpurposes;or

42See37Pa.Code§200.701.43See 44Pa.C.S.§2321.44See42Pa.C.S.§6309.45See18Pa.C.S.A.§9102.

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3. maintenance of certain information required or authorizedundertheprovisionsof §9122(c)(relatingtoexpungement),whenanindividualhassuccessfullycompletedtheconditionsof anypretrialorpost-trialdiversionorprobationprogram.

Expungement Process

Pa. R.J.C.P. 170(B) provides that juvenile records may beexpungeduponmotion,whichistotaketheformof aproposedcourtorder,andwhichincludesthefollowinginformation:

1. thenameof thejuvenile;2. thedateof birthof thejuvenile,if known;3. thejuvenile’scasedocketnumber,if any;4. theallegationstowhichtheorderpertains;5. thelawenforcementagencythatinitiatedtheallegations;6. thereferencenumberof thepolicereportorwritten

allegationtobeexpungedordestroyed;7. thedateof arrest;8. thedispositionof thewrittenallegationorpetition;9. thereasonsandstatutoryauthorityforexpungingor

destroyingthedocument;and10.theagenciesuponwhichcertifiedcopiesof thecourtorder

shallbeserved.

ThemotionistobefiledpursuanttoPa.R.J.C.P.345,andmustalsobeserveduponthechief juvenileprobationofficer.TheattorneyfortheCommonwealthandanyotherpersonuponwhomthemotionwasservedmayfileananswertothemotion. UnlesstheattorneyfortheCommonwealthconsentstoexpungingtherecord,thecourtmustscheduleandconductahearing,andthereaftergrantordenythemotion.

Incaseswhereanexpungementcouldbegrantedif ajuvenileweretorequestit,itisrecommendedthatcourtssetinplaceproceduresunderwhich the probation department initiates the expungementprocess automatically after the appropriate length of time haselapsed.46Thiswouldalleviatetheneedforthepersonwhoisthe

46PennsylvaniaJuvenileDelinquencyBenchbook,§11-3.

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subject of records tobe expunged, from retaining legal counsel toinitiatetheprocess.

Requirements for the Expungement of Records

18Pa.C.S. §9123 sets forth requirements for the expungementof juvenilerecords.Juveniledelinquencyrecordsarerequiredtobeexpungedfollowinga30daynoticetothedistrictattorney,wheneverthecourt,uponitsmotionoruponthemotionof achildortheparentsorguardianfinds:

1. acomplaintisfiledwhichisnotsubstantiatedorthepetitionwhichisfiledasaresultof acomplaintisdismissedbythecourt;

2. sixmonthshaveelapsedsincethefinaldischargeof thepersonfromsupervisionunderaconsentdecreeandnoproceedingispendingseekingsuchconvictionoradjudication;or

3. fiveyearshaveelapsedsincethefinaldischargeof thepersonfromcommitment,placement,probationoranyotherdispositionandreferralandsincesuchfinaldischarge,thepersonhasnotbeenconvictedof afelony,misdemeanororadjudicateddelinquentandnoproceedingispendingseekingsuchconvictionoradjudication;or

4. theindividualis18yearsof ageorolder,theattorneyfortheCommonwealthconsentstotheexpungementandacourtorderstheexpungementaftergivingconsiderationtothefollowingfactors:

• thetypeof offense;• theindividual’sage,historyof employment,criminal

activityanddrugoralcoholproblems;• adverseconsequencesthattheindividualmaysufferif

therecordsarenotexpunged;and• whetherretentionof therecordisrequiredforpurposes

of protectionof thepublicsafety.

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When an individual or an agency files a motion to expunge arecord, a request should bemade to thePennsylvania StatePolice(PSP)forthejuvenile’shistoryrecordinformationorrapsheet.Thisinformationcanthenbecomparedwiththeinformationcontainedinthejuvenilecourtfile.

Expungement Orders

Pa.R.J.C.P. 172 requires that any order to expunge or destroythe juvenile court file, docket entries, law enforcement records, orfingerprintsandphotographsisrequiredtoincludeallof theelementscontainedinthemotion.Anorderforexpungementmustalsoincludetheprintednameandsignatureof thejudgeissuingtheorder,andthedateof thecourtorder.

Distribution of Expungement Orders

InadditiontoservicerequiredbyPa.R.J.C.P.167,theclerkof courtsmust serve certifiedcopiesof the expungementorder to thechief juvenile probation officer and any other person or agency asdirectedbythecourt.

As previously mentioned, the JCJC Standards Governing theReleaseof InformationContainedinJuvenileCourtFilesandJuvenileProbationRecordsandReportsrecommendthatjuvenileprobationdepartmentsmaintainacase-specificwrittenrecordlistingthenamesandaddressesof individualstowhomcopiesof recordswereprovided.Copiesof theexpungementordermustbedirectedtoanyindividualoragencyhavingpossessionof juvenilecourtrecords.

Somecourtshave found ituseful todirect that the recipientof a court order for expungement subsequently respond to the courtacknowledgingthattherecordhasbeendestroyed.

Expungements Related to the Intercounty Transfer of Delinquency Cases

It is recommendedthat,generally,thecourtmakingdispositioninaninter-countyjuveniledelinquencycaseshouldbethecourtthatorderstheexpungementof recordsassociatedwiththecase.Inthese

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cases,itisrecommendedthatthemovantprovidecopiesof themotionforexpungementtothedistrictattorneyof thecountyinwhichthemotionwasmade,aswellasthedistrictattorneyinthecountyfromwhichthecasewastransferred.

Expungement of DNA Records

AsmentionedintheDNAsectionof thishandbook,DNAsamplesmay only be expunged on the grounds that the adjudication of delinquencywas reversed and the case dismissed, or that theDNAsamplewasincludedinthedatabasebymistake.47Itisimperativethatexpungementorderscontaintheessentialcase-specificinformationrequiredbythePSPtoproperly identifytherecordsthatare tobeexpunged. It is recommended that court orders to expunge DNArecordsincludelanguagespecificallydirectingthePSPtonotifythecourtof theactiontakeninresponsetotheexpungementorder.

Expungement of PennDOT Driver History Information

Ithasgenerallybeenthepolicyof PennDOTthatexpungementordersenteredbycourtsdonotapplytodriverhistoryrecordsmaintainedbyPennDOT,unlessthereisaspecificstatutoryprovisionwhichallowsacourttodirectPennDOTtoexpungeadriverhistoryrecord. Forexample,18Pa.C.S.§9122(a)(3)(relatingtoexpungement),requiresthe court to order the expungement of all criminal history recordinformationandalladministrativerecordsof PennDOTpertainingtoaconvictionof 18Pa.C.S.§6308(relatingtopurchase,consumption,possessionortransportationof liquorormaltorbrewedbeverages),providedthepersonis21yearsof ageandhassatisfiedalltermsandconditions of the sentence imposed for the violation, including anysuspension of operating privileges. However, PennDOT does notregardotherprovisionsof theCriminalHistoryRecordInformationAct(CHRIA),48includingtheprovisionsof 18Pa.C.S.§9123(relatingtojuvenilerecords),asempoweringcourtstoordertheexpungementof driverhistoryinformationinconjunctionwithanorderdirectingtheexpungementof juvenilecourtrecordsorlawenforcementrecords.

47See44Pa.C.S.§2321.48See18Pa.C.S.9101etseq.

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48See18Pa.C.S.§9102.49See18Pa.C.S.§9102.50SeePa.R.J.C.P.166.

Glossary

Criminal History Record Information – information collectedbycriminaljusticeagenciesconcerningindividuals,andarisingfromthe initiation of a criminal proceeding, consisting of identifiabledescriptions,datesandnotationsof arrests,indictments,informationsor other formal criminal charges and any dispositions arisingtherefrom. The term does not include intelligence information,investigativeinformationortreatmentinformation,includingmedicalandpsychologicalinformation,orinformationandrecordsspecifiedin18Pa.C.S.§9104(relatingtoscope).48

Expungement–toremoveinformationsothatthereisnotraceorindicationthatsuchinformationexisted;toeliminateallidentifierswhichmaybeusedtotracetheidentityof anindividual,allowingremainingdata tobeused for statisticalpurposes; ormaintenanceof certain informationrequiredorauthorizedundertheprovisionsof section 9122 (c) (relating to expungement),when an individualhassuccessfullycompletedtheconditionsof anypretrialorpost-trialdiversionorprobationprogram.49

Juvenile Court Files-includealloriginalrecords,papersandordersfiled,copiesof allcourtnotices,anddocketentries.50

Juvenile History Record Information - information collectedconcerning alleged delinquents and adjudicated delinquentswhosefingerprintsandphotographsaretakenpursuantto42Pa.C.S.§6308(c)and arising from the filing of a petition of delinquency. Thisinformationconsistsof identifiabledescriptions,datesandnotationsof arrests or other delinquency charges and any adjudication of delinquency or preadjudication disposition other than dismissalarising therefrom. This information also includes the last knownlocationof thejuvenileandthejuvenilecourtjurisdictionstatusof each adjudicated delinquent. Juvenile history record information

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does not include intelligence information, investigative information,treatmentinformationincludingmedicalandpsychiatricinformation,cautionindicatorinformation,modusoperandiinformation,wantedpersons information, stolen property information,missing personsinformation, employment history information, personal historyinformationorpresentenceinvestigationinformation.51

Juvenile Probation Records and Reports - include but arenot limited to, social summaries, psychological and psychiatricevaluations, personal histories, school records and reports,mentalhealth histories and reports, drug and alcohol evaluations andplacementfacilityrecordsandreports.52

51See42Pa.C.S.§6309(e).52SeeCommenttoPa.R.J.C.P.160.

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Appendix

Offenses Precluding Possessing, Using, Manufacturing, Controlling, Selling, or Transferring Firearms

1. Prohibitedoffensiveweapons(18Pa.C.S.§908).2. Corruptorganizations(18Pa.C.S.§911).3. Possessionof aweapononschoolproperty(18Pa.C.S.§912).4. Murder(18Pa.C.S.§2502).5. Voluntarymanslaughter(18Pa.C.S.§2503).6. Involuntarymanslaughter(18Pa.C.S.§2504)if theoffenseis

basedonrecklessuseof afirearm.7. Aggravatedassault(18Pa.C.S.§2702).8. Assaultbyprisoner(18Pa.C.S.§2703).9. Assaultbylifeprisoner(18Pa.C.S.§2704).10.Stalking(18Pa.C.S.§2709.1).11.Weaponsof massdestruction(18Pa.C.S.§2716).12.Kidnapping(18Pa.C.S.§2901).13.Unlawfulrestraint(18Pa.C.S.§2902).14.Luringachildintoamotorvehicle(18Pa.C.S.§2910).15.Rape(18Pa.C.S.§3121).16.Involuntarydeviatesexualintercourse(18Pa.C.S.§3123).17.Aggravatedindecentassault(18Pa.C.S.§3125).18.Arsonandrelatedoffenses(18Pa.C.S.§3301).19.Causingorriskingacatastrophe(18Pa.C.S.§3302).20.Burglary(18Pa.C.S.§3502).21.Criminal trespass (18Pa.C.S. §3503) if theoffense is gradeda

felonyof theseconddegreeorhigher.22.Robbery(18Pa.C.S.§3701).23.Robberyof amotorvehicle(18Pa.C.S.§3702).24.Theftbyunlawfultakingordisposition(18Pa.C.S.§3921)upon

convictionof thesecondfelonyoffense.25.Theft by extortion (18 Pa. C.S. §3923) when the offense is

accompaniedbythreatsof violence.26.Receivingstolenproperty(18Pa.C.S.§3925)uponconvictionof

thesecondfelonyoffense.

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27.Impersonatingapublicservant(18Pa.C.S.§4912)if thepersonisimpersonatingalawenforcementofficer.

28.Intimidationof witnessesorvictims(18Pa.C.S.§4952).29.Retaliationagainstwitnessorvictim(18Pa.C.S.§4953).30.Escape(18Pa.C.S.§5121).31.Weaponsorimplementsforescape(18Pa.C.S.§5122).32.Riot(18Pa.C.S.§5501(3)).33.Prohibitingof paramilitarytraining(18Pa.C.S.§5515).34.Facsimileweaponsof massdestruction(18Pa.C.S.§5516).35.Possessionof firearmbyminor(18Pa.C.S.§6110.1).36.Corruptionof minors(18Pa.C.S.§6301).37.Saleorleaseof weaponsandexplosives(18Pa.C.S.§6302).

Offenses in 42 Pa. C.S. §9714 (g) included as 4 point offensesin the Prior Record Score Section of the

Pennsylvania Sentencing Guidelines (204 Pa. Code §303.7)

1. Murderof thethirddegree.2. Voluntarymanslaughter.3. Aggravatedassaultasdefined in18Pa.C.S. §2702(a)(1)or (2)

(relatingtoaggravatedassault).4. Rape.5. Involuntarydeviatesexualintercourse.6. Aggravatedindecentassault.7. Incest.8. Sexualassault.9. Arsonasdefinedin18Pa.C.S.§3301(a)(relatingtoarsonand

relatedoffenses).10. Kidnapping.11. Burglaryof astructureadaptedforovernightaccommodation

inwhichatthetimeof theoffenseanypersonispresent.12. RobberyasdefinedinPa.C.S.§3701(a)(1)(i),(ii)or(iii)

(relatingtorobbery).13. Robberyof amotorvehicle.

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