Jute Breeding and Development

in China

PhD. Fang Pingping

Institute of Crops Genetic Improvement (ICGI),

Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU)

Mobile：13705008530

E-mail: 492566513@qq.com

July. 26-31, 2015, Beijing, China

Contents

※ Introduction

※ Jute Production in China

※ Breeding Research

※ Fundamental Research

※ Comprehensive Utilization

※ About FAFU

1.1 What is Jute?

Next to cotton in importance

Known as the "golden fiber",

"soft fiber"

Accounts for 70% production of

global bast fiber crops

Mainly grown in India，

Bangladesh, China and Nepal

Encompasses two bast fiber

species

1. Introduction

White(Corchorus capsularis)

Tossa(Corchorus olitorius)

White(Corchorus capsularis)

Tossa(Corchorus olitorius)

1.2 Origin of jute

White jute (Corchorus

capsularis) occurs wild in

South China from where it

was introduced into

Bangladesh and India.

Toss jute (C. olitorius)

occurs wild in Africa from

where it migrated via Egypt

and Syria into India,

Bangladesh, China and

elsewhere.

1.3 Advantage

high biomass output

short life cycle

fast grow

broad growing region

strong adaptability to

environment

low input cost in

cultivated condition

1.4 Diversity Usages

Bast Fiber

Gunny bags and cloth; Ropes; Canvas; Carpet

Composites; Pulp & Paper ; Geotextiles; Non-woven;

handcraft

Core Fiber

Building materials; Soil modifiers; Active carbon; Absorbent;

Paper

Other parts ( Root, Leaf, Flower, Seed)

Animal feed; Food; Oil; Medicine

Fertilizers; Dyeing materials

2. Jute production in China

2.1 History

• China is the earliest country to cultivate jute in the

world

• Archaeology showed that South China ancestors had

hemp crop cultivation in early primitive society

• As early as to the Northern Song Dynasty, "Maps of

Materia Medica" (1061) already had the

morphological characteristics description of jute,

showed that in early 11th century, China had

cultivated jute as textile materials.

• mainly used as raw materials for making jute burlap,

rope, shoes and paper.

2.2 Production

China is the third largest jute&kenaf producing countries behind India and Bangladesh

whilst the average yield level of China is about 1.5 times higher than that of the world average.

The jute planting scale were 100 million hectares highest in 1985, while as the impact of petrochemical products and agricultural production structure adjustment, jute scale declined substantially.

In 1990, jute cultivation area was 300,000 hectares with the total output of 726,000 tons.

According to the Statistics,2007-2011, China jute and kenaf area varied from 33,000 hectares to 19,000 hectares

average yields 20% higher than in the 1990s

Currently, China imports large quantities of jute fiber from Bangladesh and other countries each year.

Area of Jute, Kenaf and Allied Fibres in Major producing Countries

AREA (in 000 Ha)

Bangladesh China India Myanmar Nepal Thailand

2012-2013 680.0 19.3 901.0 3.5 10.6 1.3

2011-2012 620.2 19.3 905.0 8.2 10.6 1.4

2010-2011 587.0 18.8 900.0 12.6 13.1 1.4

2009-2010 485.8 24.0 773.7 9.6 11.7 1.3

2008-2009 408.1 26.2 785.6 14.3 11.6 1.4

2007-2008 500 33 952 20.4 11.7 1.2

2006-2007 533.4 31 931 46.5 12 2.3

2005-2006 466 31.1 931 41 12.2 3.1

2004-2005 418 32 916 35.4 11.8 16.6

2003-2004 499.8 41 1000 44.1 11.9 20.4

2002-2003 436.2 56 1025 58.7 11.7 27.2

2001-2002 519.6 52 986 53.5 11.3 19.2

2000-2001 448 50 873 31 14.5 19.2

1999-2000 414.8 65.8 751 33 11.7 19.9

1998-1999 477.5 92.7 841 37.3 12.3 30.7

1997-1998 647.5 162.1 1115 34.1 11 66.6

1996-1997 547.6 147 1014 43.2 11.2 76.5

1995-1996 519.2 146 846 47.3 10.2 79.3

1994-1995 567.8 175 982 37.5 9 89.7

1993-1994 521.3 274 920 30.8 13.1 110.6

1992-1993 500.2 277.2 976 47.6 8.8 110.1

1991-1992 586.8 269.7 1107 27.2 15.5 115.7

Yield of Jute, Kenaf and Allied Fibres in Major producing Countries

YIELD (Tonne/Ha)

Year Bangladesh China India Myanmar Nepal Thailand

2012-2013 2.00 4.04 1.86 0.46 1.42 1.00

2011-2012 2.15 4.04 2.04 0.46 1.42 1.21

2010-2011 2.39 4.00 2.00 0.77 1.10 1.25

2009-2010 2.20 3.13 2.09 0.45 1.52 1.49

2008-2009 2.28 3.22 1.88 0.25 1.47 2.02

2007-2008 2.47 2.63 1.87 0.94 1.43 1.79

2006-2007 2.22 2.80 1.93 0.94 1.43 1.55

2005-2006 2.07 2.66 1.64 0.9 1.45 1.51

2004-2005 1.94 2.72 1.47 0.95 1.43 2.16

2003-2004 1.93 2.43 1.62 0.95 1.43 2.03

2002-2003 1.82 2.77 2.01 0.71 1.45 1.51

2001-2002 1.78 2.62 1.92 0.95 1.45 1.54

2000-2001 1.82 2.52 1.86 0.9 1.05 1.54

1999-2000 1.76 2.49 1.87 0.8 1.34 1.5

1998-1999 1.78 2.68 1.77 0.9 1.26 1.54

1997-1998 1.92 2.65 1.76 0.97 1.41 1.6

1996-1997 1.94 2.48 1.81 0.91 1.26 1.43

1995-1996 1.26 2.54 1.72 0.91 1.47 1.45

1994-1995 1.81 2.03 1.5 0.92 1.3 1.45

1993-1994 1.5 2.45 1.49 0.89 1.1 1.26

1992-1993 1.77 2.23 1.36 0.82 1.14 1.27

1991-1992 1.61 1.9 1.46 0.83 1.23 1.36

Production of Jute, Kenaf and Allied Fibres in Major producing Countries

PRODUCTION (in ‘000 tonnes)

Year Bangladesh China India Myanmar Nepal Thailand

2012-2013 1363.0 78.0 1674.0 1.6 15.0 1.3

2011-2012 1 332.9 78.0 1845.0 3.8 15.0 1.7

2010-2011 1 404.5 75.2 1 800.0 9.6 14.4 1.7

2009-2010 1070.1 75.2 1620.0 4.3 17.7 2.0

2008-2009 931.0 84.3 1476.0 3.6 17 2.9

2007-2008 1236.8 86.8 1782 19.1 16.8 2.2

2006-2007 1186.4 86.8 1800 43.6 17.1 3.6

2005-2006 965 82.8 1530 36.9 17.7 4.6

2004-2005 810 86.9 1350 33.6 16.9 35.7

2003-2004 963 99.8 1620 42 17 41.3

2002-2003 793.4 130 1980 41.9 17 46.4

2001-2002 924.7 136 1890 50.8 16.4 29.5

2000-2001 814.7 125.9 1620 27.8 15.2 29.7

1999-2000 731.5 164 1404 26.5 15.7 29.7

1998-1999 851.9 248 1491.7 33.5 15.5 47.2

1997-1998 1242.7 429.5 1964 33.1 15.5 106.4

1996-1997 1062.2 364.9 1836 39.5 14 109.3

1995-1996 652.7 371.2 1458 43 14.9 114.9

1994-1995 1027.4 354.9 1476 34.6 11.7 130.3

1993-1994 782.3 672 1374.1 27.3 14.4 139

1992-1993 885.4 619 1332 38.8 10 140.3

1991-1992 945.1 513 1620 22.6 19.1 157.2

3. Jute Breeding in China

3.1. Main Breeding Institutes of Jute in China

Institute of Bast Fiber Crops (IBFC), Chinese

Academy of Agriculture Sciences ( CAAS )

Institute of Crops Genetic Improvement (ICGI), Fujian

Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU)

Agronomy College, Guangxi University

Xiaoshan Cotton and Bast Fibers Institute (XCBFI ),

Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences ( ZAAS )

Institute of Sugarcane and Bast Fibers ( ISBF ), Fujian

Academy of Agriculture Sciences ( FAAS )

3.2. Objectives of Jute Breeding in China

O1: Breeding new varieties with good fiber quality,

high fiber yeild, multi-resistance to pests,diseases

and wide adaptability

Compared with the CK variety :

Fiber yield increasing more than 10%;

Stalk yield increasing more than 8%;

fiber fineness about 400N;

High resistance to anthracnose ( increasing 1 grade ),

resistance ( increasing 1 grade ) to nematode and fungi disease

Tolerance to saline-alkali (0.4-0.5%) and tolerance to

drought

3.2. Objectives of Jute Breeding in China

O2: Breeding high fiber fineness varieties for special

textile application. Good fiber quality, high fiber yeild,

multi-resistance to pests,diseases and serious growing

condition

Compared with the CK variety :

Fiber yield increasing more than 10%;

Stalk yield increasing more than 8%;

fiber fineness more than 500N;

High resistance to anthracnose ( increasing 1 grade ),

resistance ( increasing 1 grade ) to nematode and fungi disease

Tolerance to saline-alkali (0.4-0.5%) and tolerance to drought

wide adaptability

3.2. Objectives of Jute Breeding in China

O3: Breeding hybrid Jute with super high fiber yield

key techniques are:

how to create CMS (cytoplasmic male sterility ) how to use three-line method

how to select and utilize high combining ability male

steriles.

Technique Index:

Fiber yield of F1 increasing over 20% compared with ck

variety

3.3. Strategy and Method of Jute Breeding in

China

S1: Study on modern bio-technique Breeding

To identify systemic genetic diversity and relative

relationship of Jute germplasm using molecular label for finding

better parental materials.

The focus of short stage are transferring gene breeding of

resistance to pest, herbicide, tolerance to salt, drought. Making

cloning of functional genes , measuring of sequences,

construction of genetic linkage map, location of specific genes,

etc.

S2: Study on induced mutation breeding and

spaceflight Breeding. To creat specific germplasm available using physical and

chemical induced method, and satellite carrying seeds , to supply

for selection and utilization of breeding.

3.3. Strategy and Method of Jute Breeding in

China

S3: Set up high efficiency aggregation breeding

technique system

Combining modern breeding methods with traditional

methods, speed breeding technique intergration and

method creation, promote to set up high efficiency

aggregation breeding technique system of jute, increase

breeding efficiency and level, short breeding time and cycle.

3.4. Main jute varieties released in China

From 1950, there are many varieties of jute were bred

and released in commercial use.

1950’S

Hongtiegu, Penny Ma, Xinfeng, Bailianzhi,

Yueyuan1,Yueyuan2, Yueyuan3,Xuan46, Kuaizaohong

1960-2000

Yueyuan4, Yueyuan5,Meifeng4,Minma4,Minma5,179,

Zhongjute1

2001---

Zhongjute4-5,Fujute1-5

Vegetable jute

Funong1-5，Diwangcai1-2

Fujute1

Meifeng2×Yueyuan5

Bred by FAFU

The average raw fiber yield( 7545 kg/ha) is 7.02% and 13.54% higher than that of 179（CK1）and Zhongjute1(CK2）

Novel Jute Varieties

• From Minma5 by nuclear radiation

• By FAFU

• The average raw fiber yield( 7665 kg/ha) is 8.72% and 15.35% higher than that of 179（CK1）and Zhongjute1(CK2）

Fujute2

Fujute3

Meifeng2×Minma5

Bred by FAFU

The average raw fiber yield( 7690 kg/ha) is 11.17% higher than that of 179

Bred by IBFC

The average raw fiber yield is 18.86% higher than that of 179

Zhongjute 4

Bred by IBFC

The average raw fiber yield is 8.22% higher than that of 179

Zhongjute 5

Vegetable jute variety Funong

No.1-5 Bred by physical mutation

With high content of Calcium, Selenium and high nutritional value

The yield of its tender stems and leaves reached 23503.4kg/hm2 ,

which was 25.52% higher than CK

with the characters of high

yield, good quality, strong

resistance and long growth

period, is an organic and

new type jute variety used

for vegetable

4、Jute Fundamental Research

in China

4.1 Jute Genetic Diversity and Relationship by SRAP Analysis

173 domestic and abroad

wild species and cultivated

species

screening 35 pairs of

polymorphic SRAP primers

according to Nei-Li's

method to calculate the

similarity coefficient for

cluster analysis.

96 tested materials

including wild and cultivar,

white and tossa jute

Using SRAP, ISSR

markers and

morphological methods

4.2 Jute Origin and Evolution

4.3 Genetic linkage mapping

Two tossa jute species (wild and

cultivated species) were selected as

parents to construct the first genetic

linkage map of tossa jute by SRAP

molecular markers and three

morphological markers.

Total length 2522.2cM, including eight

linkage groups (L0D ≥ 3.0), 128 个

SRAP marker loci with an average

distance of 19.25cM. 。

（2）Whit jute

SRAP、ISSR and RAPD complex

molecular markers were conducted to

construct the first white jute genetic

linkage map

Total length 2166.3 cM, including

ten linkage groups (L0D ≥ 3.0), 125

个 marker loci with an average

distance of 17.33cM.

（1）Tossa Jute

（3）High-density genetic linkage mapping for White Jute

Used wild and cultivar white

jute to create the RILs

Two-end sequencing to

exploit SLAF (specific-locus

amplified fragment ), 69,446

markers were developed,

5074 polymorphic markers

Total length 1,621cM,

including 11 linkage groups

(L0D ≥ 3.0), 916 SALF

marker loci with an average

distance of 1.61cM.

4.4 DNA Fingerprinting of Jute germplasm

•SRAP、ISSR、SSR polymorphic primers

• self-developed

software

•231 jute varieties of

DNA fingerprinting.

•Each species has its

own specific DNA

fingerprinting

• Used SMART(simple modular architecture research tool) to construct leaf full length cDNA library of Jute

• 279 effective EST（expressed sequence tags） sequences and splicing obtained 61 unigenes

4.5 cDNA Library Construction and ESTs Analysis

4.6 The Development of Jute EST-SSR Markers

4.7、Establishment and Optimization of Jute

Genetic Transformation System

• 4.8 Jute Cellulose Synthase (CcCesA1) Gene

Cloning and Functional Analysis

• 4.9 Jute UGPase Gene Cloning and Functional Analysis

• Clonging the Jute uridine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGPase) gene

• RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of gene was stem > root > leaf

• Overexpression in Arabidopsis, the growth rate and plant heigh of transgenic plants wereincreased, the content of cellulose was increased (8%-17%), whilst the content of lignin and pitch was not significantly changed.

4.10 Jute CCoAOMT Gene Cloning and Functional

Analysis • Jute Coffee acyl coenzyme A methyltransferase

(CCoAOMT) gene，full length of cDNA is

609bp，encoding 202 amino acids

• Bioinformatics analysis showed that the gene

belonged to the Methyltransf-3 PLN02589 group

• RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of

the gene was stalk> root > stem bark > leaf

• Transgenic Arabidopsis presented the

increasing in plant height, pod length, and stem

hardness, furthermore the lignin content

is17%-21% more than that of the control.

80Arabidopsis_lyra

76Corchorus_Capsul

76Gossypium_hirsut

78Oryza_brachyanth

80Populus_tremuloi

76Theobroma_cacao.

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160Arabidopsis_lyra

156Corchorus_Capsul

156Gossypium_hirsut

158Oryza_brachyanth

160Populus_tremuloi

156Theobroma_cacao.

Consensus

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240Arabidopsis_lyra

236Corchorus_Capsul

236Gossypium_hirsut

238Oryza_brachyanth

240Populus_tremuloi

236Theobroma_cacao.

Consensus n

N

N

N

N

N

N

q

Q

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L

v

V

V

V

V

V

V

A

V

V

A

V

V

D

E

E

D

D

E

E

D

D

E

D

D

f

F

F

F

F

F

F

V

S

A

L

V

T

p

P

P

P

P

P

P

W

L

L

W

L

L

p

P

P

P

P

P

P

S

S

S

S

S

C

k

K

K

K

K

K

K

g

G

G

G

G

G

G

K

Q

Q

K

H

Q

T

A

H

T

T

A

D

G

G

C

D

G

k

K

K

K

K

K

K

d

D

D

D

D

D

D

g

G

G

G

G

G

G

w

W

W

W

W

W

W

y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

p

P

P

P

P

P

P

p

P

P

P

P

P

P

g

G

G

G

G

G

G

h

H

H

H

H

H

H

g

G

G

G

G

G

G

d

D

D

D

D

D

D

V

V

V

I

V

V

f

F

F

F

F

F

F

p

P

P

P

P

P

P

s

S

S

S

S

S

S

l

L

L

L

L

L

L

M

K

M

M

K

M

n

N

N

N

N

N

N

s

S

S

S

S

S

S

g

G

G

G

G

G

G

k

K

K

K

K

K

K

l

L

L

L

L

L

L

d

D

D

D

D

D

D

A

A

A

L

D

A

F

F

F

L

L

F

l

L

L

L

L

L

L

s

S

S

S

S

S

S

q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

S

G

G

G

G

G

k

K

K

K

K

K

K

e

E

E

E

E

E

E

y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

v

V

V

V

V

V

V

f

F

F

F

F

F

F

I

V

V

I

V

I

a

A

A

A

A

A

A

n

N

N

N

N

N

N

s

S

S

S

S

S

S

d

D

D

D

D

D

D

n

N

N

N

N

N

N

l

L

L

L

L

L

L

g

G

G

G

G

G

G

a

A

A

A

A

A

A

I

I

I

I

V

I

v

V

V

V

V

V

V

d

D

D

D

D

D

D

L

L

L

M

L

L

k

K

K

K

K

K

K

i

I

I

I

I

I

I

l

L

L

L

L

L

L

K

H

N

N

N

N

h

H

H

H

H

H

H

l

L

L

L

L

L

L

I

I

V

I

I

I

Q

K

Q

H

R

K

N

N

N

K

N

N

K

K

K

Q

K

K

320Arabidopsis_lyra

316Corchorus_Capsul

316Gossypium_hirsut

318Oryza_brachyanth

320Populus_tremuloi

316Theobroma_cacao.

Consensus n

N

N

N

N

N

N

e

E

E

E

E

E

E

y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

c

C

C

C

C

C

C

m

M

M

M

M

M

M

e

E

E

E

E

E

E

v

V

V

V

V

V

V

t

T

T

T

T

T

T

p

P

P

P

P

P

P

k

K

K

K

K

K

K

t

T

T

T

T

T

T

l

L

L

L

L

L

L

a

A

A

A

A

A

A

d

D

D

D

D

D

D

v

V

V

V

V

V

V

k

K

K

K

K

K

K

g

G

G

G

G

G

G

g

G

G

G

G

G

G

t

T

T

T

T

T

T

l

L

L

L

L

L

L

i

I

I

I

I

I

I

s

S

S

S

S

S

S

y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

e

E

E

E

E

E

E

g

G

G

G

G

G

G

R

K

K

K

K

K

v

V

V

V

V

V

V

q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

l

L

L

L

L

L

L

l

L

L

L

L

L

L

e

E

E

E

E

E

E

i

I

I

I

I

I

I

a

A

A

A

A

A

A

q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

v

V

V

V

V

V

V

p

P

P

P

P

P

P

d

D

D

D

D

D

D

E

E

E

A

Q

E

h

H

H

H

H

H

H

v

V

V

V

V

V

V

n

N

N

N

N

N

N

e

E

E

E

E

E

E

f

F

F

F

F

F

F

k

K

K

K

K

K

K

s

S

S

S

S

S

S

i

I

I

I

I

I

I

e

E

E

E

E

E

E

k

K

K

K

K

K

K

f

F

F

F

F

F

F

k

K

K

K

K

K

K

i

I

I

I

I

I

I

f

F

F

F

F

F

F

n

N

N

N

N

N

N

t

T

T

T

T

T

T

n

N

N

N

N

N

N

n

N

N

N

N

N

N

l

L

L

L

L

L

L

w

W

W

W

W

W

W

v

V

V

V

V

V

V

n

N

N

N

N

N

N

l

L

L

L

L

L

L

K

N

N

K

K

K

a

A

A

A

A

A

A

i

I

I

I

I

I

I

k

K

K

K

K

K

K

K

R

R

R

R

R

l

L

L

L

L

L

L

v

V

V

V

V

V

V

e

E

E

E

E

E

E

a

A

A

A

A

A

A

d

D

D

D

D

D

D

A

A

E

A

A

A

l

L

L

L

L

L

L

k

K

K

K

K

K

K

m

M

M

M

M

M

M

e

E

E

E

E

E

E

i

I

I

I

I

I

I

i

I

I

I

I

I

I

p

P

P

P

P

P

P

n

N

N

N

N

N

N

400Arabidopsis_lyra

396Corchorus_Capsul

396Gossypium_hirsut

398Oryza_brachyanth

400Populus_tremuloi

396Theobroma_cacao.

Consensus p

P

P

P

P

P

P

k

K

K

K

K

K

K

e

E

E

E

E

E

E

v

V

V

V

V

V

V

D

D

N

D

D

D

g

G

G

G

G

G

G

V

I

I

V

V

V

k

K

K

K

K

K

K

v

V

V

V

V

V

V

l

L

L

L

L

L

L

q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

l

L

L

L

L

L

L

e

E

E

E

E

E

E

t

T

T

T

T

T

T

a

A

A

A

A

A

A

a

A

A

A

A

A

A

g

G

G

G

G

G

G

a

A

A

A

A

A

A

a

A

A

A

A

A

A

i

I

I

I

I

I

I

R

R

R

R

K

R

f

F

F

F

F

F

F

f

F

F

F

F

F

F

D

D

D

E

D

D

N

H

H

H

H

H

a

A

A

A

A

A

A

i

I

I

I

I

I

I

g

G

G

G

G

G

G

V

I

I

I

I

V

n

N

N

N

N

N

N

V

V

V

V

A

V

p

P

P

P

P

P

P

r

R

R

R

R

R

R

s

S

S

S

S

S

S

r

R

R

R

R

R

R

f

F

F

F

F

F

F

l

L

L

L

L

L

L

p

P

P

P

P

P

P

v

V

V

V

V

V

V

k

K

K

K

K

K

K

a

A

A

A

A

A

A

t

T

T

T

T

T

T

s

S

S

S

S

S

S

d

D

D

D

D

D

D

l

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

Q

L

L

l

L

L

L

L

L

L

v

V

V

V

V

V

V

q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

s

S

S

S

S

S

S

d

D

D

D

D

D

D

l

L

L

L

L

L

L

y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

t

T

T

T

T

T

T

l

L

L

L

L

L

L

V

V

V

V

V

I

d

D

D

D

D

D

D

g

G

G

G

G

G

G

f

F

F

F

F

F

F

v

V

V

V

V

V

V

I

I

I

T

I

I

r

R

R

R

R

R

R

n

N

N

N

N

N

N

K

K

K

T

P

K

A

A

D

A

A

D

r

R

R

R

R

R

R

T

A

A

T

T

T

N

N

N

N

I

N

p

P

P

P

P

P

P

T

A

T

S

A

A

n

N

N

N

N

N

N

p

P

P

P

P

P

P

A

S

S

S

S

S

i

I

I

I

I

I

I

E

E

E

E

D

E

l

L

L

L

L

L

L

g

G

G

G

G

G

G

p

P

P

P

P

P

P

e

E

E

E

E

E

E

F

F

F

F

Y

F

469Arabidopsis_lyra

465Corchorus_Capsul

465Gossypium_hirsut

467Oryza_brachyanth

469Populus_tremuloi

465Theobroma_cacao.

Consensus k

K

K

K

K

K

K

k

K

K

K

K

K

K

v

V

V

V

V

V

V

A

G

G

G

A

G

S

N

N

C

N

N

f

F

F

F

F

F

F

l

L

L

L

L

L

L

S

S

S

G

S

S

r

R

R

R

R

R

R

f

F

F

F

F

F

F

k

K

K

K

K

K

K

s

S

S

S

S

S

S

i

I

I

I

I

I

I

p

P

P

P

P

P

P

s

S

S

S

S

S

S

I

I

I

I

I

V

V

I

I

V

I

I

E

D

G

E

E

D

l

L

L

L

L

L

L

d

D

D

D

D

D

D

s

S

S

S

S

S

S

l

L

L

L

L

L

L

k

K

K

K

K

K

K

v

V

V

V

V

V

V

S

S

T

S

A

T

g

G

G

G

G

G

G

d

D

D

D

D

D

D

v

V

V

V

V

V

V

w

W

W

W

W

W

W

f

F

F

F

F

F

F

g

G

G

G

G

G

G

S

A

A

S

A

T

G

G

G

S

G

G

V

I

I

I

I

V

V

V

V

T

T

I

l

L

L

L

L

L

L

K

K

K

K

K

E

g

G

G

G

G

G

G

k

K

K

K

K

K

K

v

V

V

V

V

V

V

S

T

S

T

S

S

V

I

I

I

I

I

K

A

A

T

V

A

a

A

A

A

A

A

A

N

K

K

K

K

K

S

S

P

P

S

P

g

G

G

G

G

G

G

T

V

V

V

V

V

k

K

K

K

K

K

K

l

L

L

L

L

L

L

e

E

E

E

E

E

E

i

I

I

I

I

I

I

p

P

P

P

P

P

P

d

D

D

D

D

D

D

N

G

G

G

G

G

a

A

A

A

A

A

A

v

V

V

V

V

V

V

L

I

I

L

L

I

E

G

E

E

Q

E

n

N

N

N

N

N

N

k

K

K

K

K

K

K

D

D

E

D

E

E

i

I

I

I

I

I

I

n

N

N

N

N

N

N

g

G

G

G

G

G

G

p

P

P

P

P

P

P

e

E

E

E

E

E

E

d

D

D

D

D

D

D

L

I

I

L

L

I

Arabidopsis_lyra

Corchorus_Capsul

Gossypium_hirsut

Oryza_brachyanth

Populus_tremuloi

Theobroma_cacao.

Consensus

4.11、 Transformation of UGPase to Jute

• Agrobacterium

mediated ，detected by

PCR and Southern blot,

and 7 transgenic positive

plants were determined.

• Compared with the

control, the plant height

was significantly

increased, and the

content of cellulose in

the phloem fiber was

increased (18%-22%).

4.12 rDNA-ITS Sequence Analyze on Jute Anthracnose Pathogen

5. Jute Comprehensive

Utilization in China

5.1.For Textile materials :

Applied widely in many products.

Typical Example: Jiangsu Redbud Dyeing Technology Co..Ltd., produce

good jute fiber “ MBARY ” utilizing modern textile

techniques to apply in many products development in

commercial level ……

Cooperation with textile experts Cooperation with Agri-experts

5.2. Eco-friendly Products and Wall cloth

Geotextiles :

Applied widely basic construction areas, such as

control water and soil erosion, freeway slope

preserving, dam slope preserving, etc.

Bast fiber mulch film: ( Developed by IBFC)

Degrading without pollution;air and moisture

conditioning bi-directionally

Bast fiber mulch film applied in field

Samples of bast fiber mulch film

Wall cloth : more comfortable, showed some good qualities ,

such as natural color, texture and damp proof.

Bio-degumming

Fiber after making up

5.3. Pulp and Paper

Jute containing cellulose like any other raw materials used for paper pulp, has been found to be an excellent raw material for making good quality pulp and paper.

Advantages:

Requirement of less chemicals than in wood pulping, like chlorine .

Consumption of less energy than traditional wood pulp due to low lignin content of jute

Use of treated wastewater from jute paper mills for irrigation, etc.

5.4. Jute Non-wovens

Stiffness

Higher frictional Properties

Coarseness

Easy rot / biodegradability

Higher moisture absorption characteristics

5.5. Jute Composites Unbreakable, maintenance free, durable

Fire retardant and water resistant

UV, termite, acid and alkali resistant

Less abrasive

Less costly

Low thermal conductivity

Biodegrable, Renewable, Eco-friendly

Stronger than wood

5.6. Absorbing Materials (Developed by FAFU)

Jute core can be carbonized in 250~500℃ for lipophilic

absorbent.

Kenaf core carbonized Powder SEM of oil

absorbent(×2000）

5.7 Handicrafts

5.8 Mushrooms cultivated

with Jute Sticks

• Technical principles：

designing mushroom nutrients

needed for growth conditions and

creating suitable environmental

conditions for mushroom growth of

planting using peeled stick of Jute

• Technical effectiveness ： The

mushroom cultivation experiments

showed that the mushroom yield

using 70% of Jute sticks was

higher than that of the control using

100% straw

5.9 Healthcare Jute Tea

Healthcare tea was produced by

using the leaflets of vegetable Jute

as raw materials

The jute is rich in the nutrients,

with 0.1mg/100g selenium,

747mg/100g calcium, total dietary

fiber 9.4mg/100g, total amino acids

64.4mg/100g in fresh stems and

leafs of Jute.

These nutrition are benefit to

reduce the chance of high blood

pressure, to improve the immunity

and so on.

Two patents has been granted

5.10 R&D on High Calcium Selenium Tablet of Jute

national invention patent

in cooperation with the

pharmaceutical enterprise

In pilot production

项目 单位 测试结果 项目 单位 测试结果

能量 KJ/100g 1060 铜 mg/kg 8.2

蛋白质 g/100g 21.4 锰 mg/kg 84

脂肪 g/100g 3.3 氟 mg/kg 5

碳水化合物 g/100g 13.7 镍 mg/kg 5.2

膳食纤维 g/100g 42.5 天冬氨酸 g/kg 18.4

灰分 g/100g 12.50 丝氨酸 g/kg 8.7

水分 g/100g 6.58 谷氨酸 g/kg 23.8

总糖 % 1.0 甘氨酸 g/kg 10.4

粗多糖 % 1.1 组氨酸 g/kg 4.7

β-胡萝卜素 mg/kg 144 精氨酸 g/kg 11.5

维生素A mg/100g 未检出 苏氨酸 g/kg 9.5

维生素B1 mg/kg 1.3 丙氨酸 g/kg 13.1

维生素B2 mg/kg 6.1 脯氨酸 g/kg 10.2

维生素C mg/100g 14.8 胱氨酸 g/kg 0.6

维生素E mg/100g 11.1 酪氨酸 g/kg 8.2

维生素K mg/kg 5.3 缬氨酸 g/kg 11.1

总皂苷 mg/100g 371 蛋氨酸 g/kg 2.2

绿原酸 mg/kg 0.67 赖氨酸 g/kg 12.8

牛磺酸 mg/kg 未检出 异亮氨酸 g/kg 9.4

钙 mg/kg 1.7*104 亮氨酸 g/kg 17.9

磷 mg/100g 4.2*102 苯丙氨酸 g/kg 11.4

钾 mg/kg 4.0*104 总氨基酸 g/kg 184

钠 mg/kg 1.3*102 锌 mg/kg 23

镁 mg/kg 4.2*103 硒 mg/kg 0.02

铁 mg/kg 4.4*102

5.11 R&D on Jute Enzymes and Beverage

About FAFU

FAFU

Jointly sponsored by the Ministry of Agriculture, State Forestry

Administration, and Fujian Provincial Government, Fujian

Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU) is one of the three high-

level provincial universities built as key ones by Fujian Provincial

Government and the only higher education institution in Fujian

specializing in this field.

Over the years it has made significant achievements in the fields of

teaching, technological innovation, social services, and international

cooperation.

With 23 colleges, more than 50,000 students and 2,292 faculties and

staffs including 800 full professors/research fellows.

Fujian Agriculture And

Forestry University（FAFU）

Xi Jinping , General Secretary of CCP, attended the

amalgamation ceremony of the University in 2000 (Xi was

Fujian Provincial Governor at that time).

• 2 national key

programs

• 21 provincial key

programs

• 11 post-doctoral research stations

• 51 doctoral programs

• 89 master’s programs

• 15 master’s programs for in-service

students from higher educational

faculty.

• 7 professional master’s degree

programs

Most of programs at FAFU are agriculture-related

1 Programs

• 7 elected members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

• 1 member of China Extraordinary Professionals and

Technicians

• 10 candidates of National Excellent Young and Middle-aged

Experts

• 10 candidates of China’s “Millions of Talents” Project

• 4 members of the Disciplinary Appraisal Panel of the State

Council’s Academic Degrees Commission

• 142 experts with special government allowance awarded by the

State Council

Possessing 174 talents

at the national level

54 innovative research platforms at the ministry and

provincial levels, including

UN (China) International Research Center for Prevention and Control of Fruit

Flies

National R&D Center of Sugarcane Industry

Sub-centers of National Crops Varieties Improvement Center

National R&D Sub-center for Agricultural Products Processing Technology

Cross-Taiwan-Strait Agricultural Technology Cooperation Center

Agricultural Product Quality and Safety Test Institution under the Ministry of

Agriculture

key laboratories under the Ministry of Agriculture

key laboratories and engineering research center under the Ministry of

Education

International technology cooperation base under the Ministry of Science and

Technology

And other 41 provincial research centers, institutes and laboratories

2 Scientific Research

More than 2000 research

achievements

655 provincial

technological awards

19

11

National Science and Technology Progress

Awards, National Technology Invention

Awards, National Natural Science Awards

Scientific Research Achievements

30

National Science Conference Awards

other national awards that were gained in

collaboration with other institutions

Juncao Technology invented by the researcher Zhanxi Lin is elected into

one of the “Ten Agricultural Technology Demonstration Centers” for

assisting Africa which were announced by Chairman Hu Jintao in the

Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation participated by 48

African heads, and one of aiding technological projects to Fiji government

signed by Vice-president Xi Jinping.

3 International Exchange and Development

FAFU has signed cooperation agreements with over 30

universities in the world.

Visited FAFU and expressed his thanks for the significant contributions Jucao technology has made.

Premier Minister of Papua New Guinea President of Guyana

King of South African Zulu Nation

King of Cambodia

Jute&kenaf research

History

Research Center of Genetic，

Breeding and Multiple Utilization

of Jute and Kenaf of FAFU was

founded in 1950’s by Prof. Lu

Haoran, a well-known scientist in

Jute Genetic and Breeding

Inherited by Prof. Zheng(retired)

and Prof. Qi Jian-min

The center has insisted on jute and

kenaf Genetic and Breeding for 64

years with the unremitting efforts

Team

A full-time research group, a

total of 11 researchers,

including 2 professors, 3

associate professors and 5

doctors.

A Collaborative research team,

19 researchers totally, including

12 professors, 6 doctors

Researches on agriculture,

biology, engineering,

management, etc.

A stable post-graduate and PhD

team

20-25 graduates engage in Jute

and Kneaf R&D annually.

Genetic breeding

Germplasm

Molecular biology

Proteomics

Agricultural extension

Bio-energy

Developing new products

Achievements

18 national projects

20 provincial

programs since 2000

International corporation on Jute&Kenaf The cooperation agreements were signed by FAFU and countries such

as Malaysia, Mali, Zambia, Benin.

WELCOME TO FAFU!

THANKS!