JUSTICE TO VICTIMS OF CRIME IN INDIA.pptx
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Transcript of JUSTICE TO VICTIMS OF CRIME IN INDIA.pptx
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JUSTICE TO VICTIMS
OF CRIME IN INDIA:
AN ANALYTICAL
STUDYPRESENTED BY
RAMAKANT
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INTRODUCTION
It is now standard practice to observe that
the victim has lo been !orotten part" in
criminal #$stice% &ccasionall" victims wo$ld
appear on the scene as complainant andapplicant !or compensation' or as
complainants and applicants !or
compensation 'or as witnesses b$t therea!ter
the" were o!ten larel" nelected% This sit$ation has now been chaned% Now
s$!!icient attention is paid to the rihts o!
crime victims%
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DEFINITION,MEANING AND
CONCEPT OF VICTIM MEANIN( &) *I+TIM
A victim o! crime in ordinar" lan$ae means a person aaint
whom a crime has been committed%
The term victim has been iven a wider meanin and incl$des the
immediate !amil" members's$ch as wi!e 'children' aed parants%
DE)INITI&N &) *I+TIM ,*ictims- means persons who' individ$all" or collectivel"' have s$!!ered
harm' incl$din ph"sical or mental in#$r"' emotional s$!!erin' economic loss
or s$bstantial impairment o! their !$ndamental rihts' thro$h acts or
omissions that are in violation o! criminal laws operative within Member
States' incl$din those laws proscribin criminal ab$se o! power%
Accordin to section .wa/ The +ode o! +riminal Proced$re'1234
victimmeans a person who has s$!!ered an" loss or in#$r"
ca$sed b" reason o! the act or omission !or which the acc$sed
person has been chared and the e5pression victimincl$des his
or her $ardian or leal heir67
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EMERGENCE OF VICTIMOLOGY victimolo" is s$b!ield o! criminolo" that
sociali8es in st$d"in the victim' victimisation'
reactions and e!!ects o! victimisation%
The term 9victiomolo"7 is enerall" credited to
Beniamin Mendelsohn in 12:3%tho$h some s$estthat )rederic;
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HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF
VICTIMOLOGY IN INDIA
The concept o! victim is an ancient one that
is !o$nd in man" c$lt$re and that is
ine5tricabl" intertwined with reliio$s
sacri!ice%
Epics and m"tholo" o!ten n$mero$s
e5amples o! s"mbolic sacri!ices o! victim%
>istoricall" the victim had a broader meaninrelatin to mis!ort$ne o! man" sort' not #$st
s$!!erin ca$sed b" crime%
The evol$tion o! the concept can be traced
both historicall" and theoraticall"%
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>istoricall" the concept o! victimolo" in
cr$de sense was not onl" part o!
>amm$rabi7s code b$t also e5isted in more
developed sense than the present% Man$ in chapter ? 'verse @?3 also tal;s abo$t
the compensation to the victim%
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EXPANDING DIMENSIONS OF
VICTIMOLOGY
D$rin 12:7s victimoloist li;e' Mendelson'
*on henti and
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The term 9crime victim7 re!ers to an" person'
ro$p or entit" who has s$!!ered en#$r" d$e
to illeal activit" o! someone%The harm can
be ph"sical' ps"choloical or economic%
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ROOTS OF VICTIMOLOGY Benjamin Mendelsohn (1900-1998)
Victimology should be part of criminology ans !on entig (188"-19"#)
The Criminal and His Victim
$lassified !ictims according to personality %mportance of subject-object relations $ase studies&
'eena Vir *red+ ,hipman olly ones
+"0s and +80s art of blaming the !ictim+ 'ole of political and ideological climate
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AFFECTED VICTIMSP>YSI+A==Y A))E+TED
)INAN+IA==Y A))E+TED
A))E+TIN( )AMI=Y PEA+E
PSY+>&=&(I+A==Y A))E+TED
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VICTIMS RIGHTThe riht to protection !rom intimidation and
harm%
The riht to be in!ormed concernin the criminal
#$stice process%
The riht to reparations%
The riht to preservation o! propert" and
emplo"ment%
The riht to d$e process in criminal co$rt
proceedins%The riht to be treated with dinit" and
compassion%
The riht to co$nsel%
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UNDER STATUTORY PROVISIONS
IN INDIA
+&MPENSATI&N T& *I+TIMS &) +RIME
1% )ATA= A++IDENTS A+T'1?
@% M&T&R *E>I+=E A+T'12??
4% +RIMINA= PR&+EDCRE +&DE'1234:% +&MPENSATI&N )&R >CMAN RI(>TS
*I&=ATI&N
% +&NSCMER PR&TE+TI&N A+T 12?
% PR&BATI&N &) &))ENDERS A+T '12?
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RECOMMENDATION OF COMMITTEE ON JUSTICE TO VICTIM
The =aw +ommission in its report in 122' stated that
,the state sho$ld accept the principle o! providin
assistance to victims o$t o! its own trends in cases o! acF$ittal' or
where the o!!ender is not traceable b$t the victim isidenti!ied ' or
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ROLE OF JUDICIARY TO"ARD CRIME
VICTIMS AS A PU!LIC LA" REMEDY
1% +&MPENSAT&RY HCSTI+E T& T>E *I+TIMS &)
1% I==E(A= ARREST AND CN
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SUGGESTIONS There m$st be separate law !or the victims o! crime so
that victim ma" see; #$stice easil"%
corr$ption sho$ld be red$ced !rom the criminal #$stice
s"stem%
The law m$st also provide !or instit$tional set $p as wehave in western co$ntries%
I! possible it wo$ld be better to ive the compensation
as a riht to victim%
In case o! women to proven victimi8ation' the women
sho$ld be empowered with political power% B" this wa"'the" will less s$!!ered b" others%
+hildren sho$ld be iven proper st$d" and aware o!
their riht so that the" can not be victim b" the wron
doer and hih pro!ile person%
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Providin proper assistance to victims
thro$ho$t the laal process%
Ta;in meas$res to victims' protect their
privac"' when necessar"' and ens$re their
sa!et"' as well that o! their behal!' !romintimidation and retaliation%
Avoidin $nnecessar" dela" in disposition o!
cases and the e5ec$tion o! orders or decrees
rantin award to victims%
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CONCLUSION