Jurnal Saluran Pencernaan Kelinci

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MEDIA PETERNAKAN, 1984, 9 (1) : 33 - 55 PENGARUH PEMBATASAb! PEMBERI AN RANSUM TERHADAP SALURAN PENCERNAAN KELINCI PERSILANGAN JANTAN Oleh Nani Mulyaningsih, Rachmat Herman dan Nana Sugana Fakultas.Peternakan, Institut Pertanian Bogor ABSTRACT. A study on the effect of restricted feeding on the alimen- tary tract of 32 heads of male crossbred rabbit was carried out at the Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University. There were four treatments experimented to the animals, those were ad li- bitum, 87.5, 75 -0, 62.5 percent of requirements. Requirement of dry - matter ration of young growing rabbit was 6.0 percent of its live weight (NRC, 1966). After 6 weeks the rabbits were than killed and disected . The randomized complete design and analysis of covariance (Y = Ti axb) were applied to the study. The result indicated that the restriction of feeding did not significantly affect the total weight of the alimentary tradt and of volume of the tract, based on the same empty body weight. The treatment did also not significantly affect the segmental weight of the tract based on the same empty body weight and the same total weight of the tract, the weight of segmental volume of the tract based on the same weight of the tract volume, and the segmental length of the tract based on tho same weight of the empty body and the total alimentary tract, except the -11 intestine based on the same total weight of the alimentary tract. Restricted feeding significantly reduced the small intestine weight, and on the 62.5 percent treatment the weight was significantly lighter than the other treatments. It also tended to lengthen the small intestine, and to increase the stomach volume and the small intestine volume. The weight of pancreas seemed to be increased where as the liver weight seemed to be decreased, but the changes were not significant. These czses related to the function of these tko organs. RINGKASAIJ. Pengaruh pembatasan pemberian ransum terhadap saluran pen- cernaan kelinci persilangan jantan, dilakukan dalam empat perlakuan sebagai berikut : &libitum, 87.5 persen. 75.0 persen dan 62.5 per- sen dari kebutuhan. Kebutuhan ransum untuk kelinci yanq sedang tunbuh adalah 6.0 persen bahan kering ransum dari bobot tubuh (NRC, 1966). Setelah mengalami enam minggu perlakuan, sernua kelinci dipotong dan diseksi.

Transcript of Jurnal Saluran Pencernaan Kelinci

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MEDIA PETERNAKAN, 1984, 9 (1) : 33 - 55

PENGARUH PEMBATASAb! PEMBERI AN RANSUM TERHADAP SALURAN PENCERNAAN KELINCI PERSILANGAN JANTAN

Oleh

Nani Mulyaningsih, Rachmat Herman dan Nana Sugana Fakultas.Peternakan, I n s t i t u t Pertanian Bogor

ABSTRACT. A study on the e f f ec t of r e s t r i c t ed feeding on the alimen- t a ry t r a c t of 32 heads of male crossbred r abb i t was car r ied out a t the Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University. There were four treatments experimented t o the animals, those were ad li- bitum, 87.5, 75 -0, 62.5 percent of requirements. Requirement of dry - matter r a t i on of young growing rabbi t was 6.0 percent of i ts l i v e weight (NRC, 1966). After 6 weeks the rabbi t s were than k i l l ed and disected .

The randomized complete design and analysis of covariance (Y = T i axb) were applied t o the study.

The r e s u l t indicated t h a t the r e s t r i c t i o n of feeding did not s ign i f ican t ly a f f e c t the t o t a l weight of the alimentary tradt and of volume of the t r a c t , based on the same empty body weight.

The treatment did a l so not s ign i f ican t ly affect the segmental weight of the t r a c t based on the same empty body weight and the same t o t a l weight of the t r a c t , the weight of segmental volume of the t r a c t based on the same weight of the t r a c t volume, and the segmental length of the t r a c t based on tho same weight of the empty body and the t o t a l alimentary t r a c t , except the -11 in te s t i ne based on the same t o t a l weight of the alimentary t r ac t .

Restricted feeding s ign i f ican t ly reduced the small i n t e s t i ne weight, and on the 62.5 percent treatment the weight was s ignif icant ly l i g h t e r than the other treatments. It a l so tended to lengthen the small in tes t ine , and to increase the stomach volume and the small i n t e s t i ne volume.

The weight of pancreas seemed t o be increased where a s the l i v e r weight seemed to be decreased, but t he changes were not s ignif icant . These czses re la ted t o the function of these tko organs.

RINGKASAIJ. Pengaruh pembatasan pemberian ransum terhadap saluran pen- cernaan ke l inc i persilangan jantan, dilakukan dalam empat perlakuan sebagai berikut : &lib i tum, 87.5 persen. 75.0 persen dan 62.5 per- sen d a r i kebutuhan. Kebutuhan ransum untuk ke l inc i yanq sedang tunbuh adalah 6.0 persen bahan kering ransum d a r i bobot tubuh (NRC, 1966). Setelah mengalami enam minggu perlakuan, sernua ke l inc i dipotong dan diseksi .

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Pene l i t i an i n i dilakukan 6 ,~ lam rancangan scar lengkap, dan digv, nakan a n a l i s i s pe ragm (Co-Variance) model Y = T i axh.

Hasil p e n e l i t i a n nenunjukkan bahwa pembatasan pemberian ransum t idak nyata berpengaruh terhadap bobot t o t a l s a l u r ~ n pencernaan dan bobot t o t a l isi sa luran pencernaan pada bobot tubuh kosong yang sama.

Bobot bagian-bagian sa luran pencernaan pada b o b t tubuh kosong dan bobot t o t a l sa luran pencernaan yang sama, bobot isi bagian-bagian sa luran pencernaan pada bobot t o t a l isi sa luran pencernaan yang sama, maupun panjang bagian-bagian sa luran pencernaan padn bobot tubuh ko- song dan bdbot total sa lu ran pencernaan yang sama, t idak nyata dipe- ngaruhi o leh perlakuan, kecual i bagian usus ha lus pada bobot t o t a l sa luran pencernaan yang sama.

Pembatasan pemberian ransum nyata (P/0.01) menurunkan bobot usus halus, dan pada perlakuan RD nyata l e b i h rendah daripada ketirj? per- lakuan lainnya (PL0.05). Dan ada kecenderungan meningkatkan panjang usus halus, bobot i s i lambung serta bobot isi usus halus. ,

Bobot pankreas cenderung meningkat sedangkan bobot h a t i menurun, walaupun perubahan i t u t i d a k nyata. Hal i n i ada hubungannya dengan k e r j a fungsi dari kedua organ t e r sebu t .

Penampilan produksi seekor ternak ditentukan o leh sistem a l a t

pencernaannya, yang dapa t merubah bahan makanan bc-rnilai rendah men-

j a d i produk b e r n i l a i t i n g g i , sebagai daging yang dapat dimanfaatkan

o leh manusia.

Alat pencernaan merupakan bagian tubuh yang herhubungan dengan

proses pencernaan bahan makanan yang dikonsumsi. Fungsi utama dari

sa luran pencernaan adalah : untuk mencerna bahan makanan, baik secara

mekanik maupun kimiawi dengan bantuan enzim-enzim pencernaan; memin-

dahkan makanan d a r i sat0 bagian ke bagian lainnya d a r i alat pencerna-

an; menyerap zat-zat makanan yang diperlukan tubuh, yang merupakan

h a s i l akh i r d a r i proses pencernaan; serta mengeluarkan s i s a pencerna-

an yang t i d a k dapat digunakan o leh tubuh (Leach, 1961, Shemood,

L970). Adapun perkembangan sa luran pencernaan dipengaruhi o leh adanya

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