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Transcript of July - December, 2010
PREVENTION, PROTECTION, PROMOTION:
BETTER LIVELIHOODS FOR THE 21ST CENTURY
DIALOGUE ON THE WORLD BANK’S 2012-2022 SOCIAL PROTECTION STRATEGY
DUSHANBE CONSULTATION SEPTEMBER 21, 2010
July - December, 2010
2
Outline
A. Social Protection Strategy 2022B. Why Social Protection?C. Social Protection TodayD. Looking forward – Drivers of ChangeE. Towards a Strategy and an Operational
Framework: ThemesF. Discussion
Objectives of the Strategy Process: Take stock Debate, build internal and external
consensus/ownership on directions and challenges Set priorities in a coherent sector framework Business plans for the next 10 years
Identify analytical, operational needs Anticipate staffing, resource needs Establish results framework and assess progress
Preparation involves 2 tracks: Drafting, Consultation
Social Protection Strategy 2012-2022
4
Timeline for SP Strategy
Preparation – Development of Concept Note and Informal Dialogue (now - Dec. 2010) • Consult on general directions
Phase I – Formal Consultations using Concept Note; Draft Strategy (Jan. – May 2011)
Phase II – Final Strategy; Customized Consultations (June – Dec. 2011); Board presentation
Phase III – Implementation and Dissemination (Jan. 2012 – 2022)• Widely disseminate strategy, with eye on coordination,
operationalization
Why Social Protection?B
Social protection aims to alleviate poverty, manage individual risks and promote equitable and sustainable growth through: Prevention: Providing security to the vulnerable Protection: Ensuring adequate support for the poor Promotion: Expanding opportunities for higher productivity and incomes
7
Social Protection Policies in the Economy
Security and Risk
Management
Includes education and skills,
investment climate,
infrastructure as well as labor market
functioning and social protection
Includes land distribution,
property rights, enforcement of contracts, basic
education, private charity as well as social protection
Includes weather and crop
insurance, irrigation,
community-level
insurance as well as
social protection
Derived from the Social Risk Management Framework
Social Protectio
n
PREVENTION
PROMOTION
PROTECTION
Social Protection TodayC
9
Social Protection Today: Coverage(SP transfers received by households as % of their consumption)
Kenya
Mauri
tius
Paki
stan
Vie
tNam
Bangla
desh
Koso
voKyr
gyz
stan
Kaza
khst
an
Bosn
iaM
ace
donia
Georg
iaA
rmenia
Lith
uania
Serb
iaU
krain
ePola
nd
Bulg
ari
aH
ungary
Bela
rus
Latv
iaD
om
inic
an R
ep
Venezu
ela
Boliv
iaSuri
nam
ePara
guay
Colo
mbia
Arg
entina
Mexi
coEl S
alv
ador
Guate
mala
Ecu
ador
Peru
Bra
zil
Cost
a R
ica
Hondura
sU
ruguay
Nic
ara
gua
Panam
aC
hile
Moro
cco
West
Bank
and G
aza
Yem
en
Jord
an
Egyp
t0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Source: SP Atlas, World Bank
10
Social Protection Today: Generosity (% of population living in households with 1 or more SP program)
Mauri
tius
Kenya
Vie
tNam
Bangla
desh
Paki
stan
Koso
voG
eorg
iaLa
tvia
Kaza
khst
an
Bulg
ari
aA
rmenia
Bosn
iaM
ace
donia
Kyr
gyz
stan
Bela
rus
Ukr
ain
eLi
thuania
Serb
iaH
ungary
Pola
nd
El S
alv
ador
Hondura
sG
uate
mala
El S
alv
ador
Suri
nam
eC
hile
Dom
inic
an R
ep
Ecu
ador
Nic
ara
gua
Panam
aPeru
Boliv
iaM
exi
coU
ruguay
Cost
a R
ica
Para
guay
Colo
mbia
Arg
entina
Bra
zil
West
Bank
and G
aza
Jord
an
Yem
en
Moro
cco
Egyp
t0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Source: SP Atlas, World Bank
World Bank Social Protection Lending - Expanded support during global crisis
FY 02-08 (annual avg) FY 09-10 (annual avg.)0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
OtherLabor MarketsSafety Nets
$ m
illio
ns
11
12
World Bank Safety Net Lending and Analytical Work
Looking Forward – Drivers of ChangeD
14
Global Trends
Volatility – increase in magnitude and frequency of crises – economic, climatic
Globalization – higher labor mobility, dynamic capital flows, economic interdependence
Demographics – Urbanization, aging in middle income countries, youth bulge in lower income countries, more people in the developing world
Role of Government – Evolving views regarding protecting the poor – e.g., Brazil, India, China, Turkey …
Accountability – Greater demand for government transparency, results and support for rights
Innovation – technology, processes, information
Towards a Strategy and an Operational Framework: Themes
E
16
Theme 1: The centrality of Promotion in Social Protection
Social Protection has a role in Prevention, Protection and Promotion Social Protection contributes to economic growth, human
capital development Social insurance programs
Lower risk, volatility especially from the adverse impacts of health shocks, unemployment, old age
Safety nets programs for the poor and vulnerable Reduce inequality Stimulate investment activities by the beneficiaries Help protect and build the poor’s human capital
Labor market programs Provide access to jobs, opportunities Build skills, enhance productivity
Social protection is critically linked with education, health, nutrition, early childhood development; and contributes to cohesion, social stability
17
Theme 2: Building SP Systems
Building the basic programs to provide one or more PPP functions
Improving the efficiency and efficacy of each program
Harmoni-zation and integration of all programs providing PPP functions
Social protection “systems” have to connect prevention, protection, and promotion (PPP) functions , and allow individuals and households to move easily among programs depending on need.
The operational needs for SP systems will depend on the state of the existing institutional context A lot of potential South-
South and North- South learning
The goal is to move away from fragmented and isolated programs, increasing coverage to all who need it
More integrated systems also need to be flexible – to quickly and appropriately respond to crises and shocks
Fragile and lowest-income
contexts, with poor formal PPP institutions
Functioning social
protection programs providing
PPP
Well-functioning
social protection programs
that are not fully
harmonized
18
The ABC’s – Basics of Integrated SP Systems
Appropriate to Country Circumstances
– Range and balance of programs customized to country circumstances.
– Appropriate integration between and across assistance (safety nets) and insurance/contributory (pensions, health, unemployment) programs
– Compatible with political economy – Sustainable politically, fiscally, administratively
Basic Coverage– System as a whole covers the various groups
in need of assistance.– Individual programs provide full coverage and
meaningful benefits to population they are meant to serve.
Cost-effective– System and programs use resources
effectively to achieve results
19
The ABCDEE’s – Basics and Drivers of Integrated SP Systems
Appropriate to Country Circumstances
– Range and balance of programs customized to country circumstances.
– Appropriate integration between and across assistance (safety nets) and insurance/contributory (pensions, health, unemployment) programs
– Compatible with political economy – Sustainable politically, fiscally, administratively
Basic Coverage– System as a whole covers the various groups
in need of assistance.– Individual programs provide full coverage and
meaningful benefits to population they are meant to serve.
Cost-effective– System and programs use resources
effectively to achieve results
Dynamic and Incentive Compatible Systems
– Evolve over time, responsive to crises– Include promotion of human capital,
productive employment– Clarity on the productive nature of social
protection– Use technology to ‘leap frog’ to solutions – Incentive compatible, minimizing
unintended behavioral changes
Equitable– Horizontal equity: equal treatment for
people of equal conditions– Vertical equity: less generous benefits to
those less poor– Governance - Need proper institutional
arrangements to ensure service delivery
Evidence Based– Use monitoring and evaluation to inform
management, accountability, learning
20
Theme 3: Governance and Results
Improving outcomes depends on good governance within social protection programs and systems to support service delivery and accountability
This is matched with a focus on results, not just for accountability but also for supporting effective implementation and learning what works
Goals include: Strengthening accountability between policy-makers, service providers and
citizens Building efficient and accountable social protection institutions Improving monitoring and evaluation systems for accountability and results
Challenges in Social Protection include: Social Protection clients often lack “voice” and “client power” Social Protection has diverse providers Social Protection institutions deliver services and cash which requires a focus on
information systems, payment mechanisms, monitoring
21
Theme 4: Implementation
The Social Risk Management framework as a basis
Focus on operational feasibility and innovations Integrate prevention, protection and
promotion Focus on service delivery Tailor approaches to country needs,
institutional settings Innovation, learning and results Scalability, coordination
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Summing Up: Emerging “Newer” Elements of Strategy
Ensuring that the “promotion” agenda is central Moving towards dynamic and integrated social
protection systems Differentiated approaches to different country
groupings Middle-income, lower-income and fragile contexts
A renewed emphasis on governance and results Operational approaches and innovation
Focus on innovation for delivering services, building systems
DiscussionF
24
Discussion – Open Questions Do these initial ideas resonate with you? Is there any critical element missing here? Are there elements that should be de-
emphasized? Is the new emphasis on promotion (in addition
to protection and prevention) appropriate? Is the new emphasis on systems appropriate? Can you share particular examples of good
practice or innovation that should inform the strategy?
For more information:http://www.worldbank.org/sp
Please send any comments to