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General Overview• Judo ( "gentle way") is a modern Japanese martial

art and combat sport, that was created in Japan in 1882 by Dr Kano Jigoro. Its most prominent feature is its competitive element, where the object is to either throw one's opponent to the ground, immobilize or otherwise subdue one's opponent with a grappling maneuver, or force an opponent to submit by joint locking or by executing a choke. Strikes and thrusts by hands and feet as well as weapons defences are a part of judo, but only in pre-arranged forms (kata) and are not allowed in judo competition or free practice (randori).

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The early history of judo is inseparable from its founder, Japanese polymath and educator Jigoro Kano ( 1860–1938). Kano was born into a well-to-do Japanese family. His Father became a Shinto priest and government official, with enough influence for his son to enter the second incoming class of Tokyo Imperial University.

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• Kano was a small, frail boy, who, even in his twenties, did not weigh more than a hundred pounds (45 kg), and was often picked on by bullies. He first started pursuing jujutsu, at that time a dying art.

• The words jujutsu and judo are each written with two Chinese characters. The ju in both is the same and means "gentleness" or "giving way." The meaning of jutsu is "art, practice," and do means "principle" or "way," the Way being the concept of life itself. Jujutsu may be translated as "the gentle art," judo as "the Way of gentleness," with the implication of first giving way to ultimately gain victory. Judo is more than an art of attack and defense. It is a way of life.

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• By this time, Kano was devising new techniques, such as the "shoulder wheel" (kata-guruma, known as a fireman's carry to Western wrestlers who use a slightly different form of this technique) and the "floating hip" (uki goshi) throw. However, he was already thinking about doing far more than just expanding the canons of Kitō-ryū and Tenjin Shin'yō-ryū.

• Full of new ideas, Kano had in mind a major reformation of jujutsu, with techniques based on sound scientific principles, and with focus on development of the body, mind and character of young men in addition to development of martial prowess.

• Two years would pass before the temple would be called by the name "KODOKAN", or "PLACE FOR TEACHING THE WAY", and Kano had not yet been accorded the title of "master" in the Kitō-ryū, this is now regarded as the Kodokan's founding.

• Judo was originally known as Kano Jiu-Jitsu or Kano Jiu-Do, and later as Kodokan Jiu-Do or simply Jiu-Do or Judo. In the early days, it was also still referred to generically simply as Jiu-Jitsu.

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• Judo: "The way of gentleness".

• Ju : "gentleness", "softness", "suppleness", and even "easy"• The use of jū in each of these words is an explicit reference

to the martial arts principle of the "soft method". • Do: ”The way or the principle”• The use of "dō" , meaning way, road or path (and is the

same character as the Chinese word "tao"), has philosophical overtones.

• judo is seen as a holistic approach to life extending well

beyond the confines of the dojo.

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• The schools differed in emphasis and strategy. Some specialized in throwing (nage), others in groundwork (osae, shime, kansetsu), and others in striking (atemi). In matters of strategy,some schools valued taking the initiative in combat while others preferred timely reaction to an opponent's aggression. Those that followed the principles of swordsmanship insisted on sudden, total attack. Others preferred to neutralize the opponent's attack once it was in motion.

• Kano built his system around three major sets of techniques: throwing (nage waza), groundwork (katame waza) and striking (atemi waza). The throwing techniques, drawn from the Kito ryu, were further divided into standing (tachi waza) and sacrifice (sutemi waza) techniques. Standing techniques included hand (te waza), hip (koshi waza) and foot (ashi waza) throws. Sacrifice techniques include full sacrifice (ma sutemi waza) and side sacrifice (yoko sutemi waza) throws.

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• Kano's groundwork and striking techniques were drawn more heavily from the martially oriented Tenshin-Shinyo ryu . Groundwork is organized into holds (osaekomi waza), strangulations (shime waza) and joint locks (kansetsu waza). While Kano taught groundholds earlier to his students, the secrets of shime and kansetsu waza were saved for those who had.

• attained a higher ranking in the art. High ranking students were also expected to know the art of resuscitation (kappo), so as to conduct their training in a safe and responsible manner.

• Judo's striking techniques included upper (ude ate) and lower limb blows (ashi ate). Among the striking techniques were those utilizing fists, elbows, hand-edges, fingers, knees and feet as striking points. Because of its lethal nature, Atemi waza was also taught exclusively to high ranking Judokas at the Kodokan.

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• It was first in the history of olympic that any martial art was introduce as a game and that was JUDO in 1964 at Tokyo

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• First time it was introduce in shantiniketan by Ravindranath tagor in 1929. But Failed .

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• After that Mr. R D Khaniwale of pune went to Tokyo for coaching archery he saw a new game JUDO and he stared learning HE was with JIGORO KONO in Tokyo for 6 year (1929-1935) . He return in india and started judo in HVPM and pune and other part of india . he was freedom fighter , Britishers send him jail many time to do this type of activities.

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• First time this game introduce in school game in 1979.

• First national played in Shreenagar their were 14 team participated in that time and the MAHARAASHTRA was the general champion.

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• First time it was started in baroda teachers from HVPM came and trained but regular classes started by MR. H L RAJGURU student of Mr. Khaniwale (HVPM) started it in Rajkot in 1979.

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• In our department this game first time started in JNV Gajiyabad (Lack reg.) in 1990

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22-10-2001

No.9-44/NVS(PR)/2001/2266

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Tewaza (hand techniques):•Seoi nage shoulder throw•Morote seoi nage 2-arm shoulder throw•Tai otoshi body drop•Sukui nage scooping throw•Kata guruma shoulder wheel

Koshiwaza (hip techniques):•O goshi major hip throw•Koshi guruma hip wheel•Harai goshi sweeping hip throw•Tsurikomi goshi lifting pulling hip throw•Hane goshi spring hip throw

Ashiwaza (foot and leg techniques):•O soto gari major outer reaping•O uchi gari major inner reaping•Ko uchi gari minor inner reaping•De ashi barai advancing ankle sweep•Okuri ashi harai double ankle sweep

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Sutemiwaza (sacrifice techniques):•Tomoe nage circle throw•Tani otoshi valley drop•Sumi gaeshi corner throw•Yoko gake side hook•Uki waza floating technique

Katamewaza (grappling techniques):•Osaewaza (pins) Shimewaza (chokes) Kansetsuwaza(armbars)•Kesa gatame Nami juji jime Ude garami•Kata gatame Kata juji jime Juji gatame•Yoko shiho gatame Gyaku juji jime Waki gatame•Kami shiho gatame Okuri eri jime Hiza gatame•Kuzure kami shiho gatame Kataha jime Ude gatame•Tate shiho gatame Hadaka jime Hara gatame•Mune gatame Sankaku jime Ashi gatame•Makura kesa gatame Tsukkomi jime•Ushiro kesa gatame

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Kata guruma

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ashi-guruma.wmv

kata-guruma.wmv

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sukui-nage.wmv

Seoi nage

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seoi-nage.wmvseoi-nage.wmv

O goshi

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O-goshi.wmv

Koshi guruma

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koshi-guruma.wmv

Harai goshi

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Tsurikomi goshi

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Tai otoshi

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Sumi gaeshi

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Yoko gake

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Uki waza

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Ko uchi gari

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Okuri ashi harai

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O soto gari

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• Judo practitioners traditionally wear white uniforms called jūdōgi, which simply means "judo uniform", for practising judo. Sometimes the word is seen shortened simply to gi (uniform). The jūdōgi was created by Kano in 1907, and similar uniforms were later adopted by many other martial arts. The modern jūdōgi consists of white or blue cotton drawstring pants and a matching white or blue quilted cotton jacket, fastened by a belt (obi). The belt is usually coloured to indicate rank. The jacket is intended to withstand the stresses of grappling, and as a result, is much thicker than that of a karate uniform (karategi).

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SCORING:•The number of scores will be reduced to: YUKO, WAZA-ARI and IPPON.

TIMING IN OSAEKOMI-WAZA:•The time for Osaekomi will be 25 seconds.•15 sec. = Yuko.•20 sec. = Waza-ari.•25 sec. = Ippon.

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SCALE OF PENALTIES:•The scale of Penalties will be as follows:•1.Shido = Free warning!!!•2.Shido = Yuko for the opponent.•3.Shido = Waza-ari for the opponent.•4.Shido = Ippon for the opponent.

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• Generally, the contest shall be conducted by one Referee and two (2) Judges under the supervision of the Refereeing Commission. The Referee and Judges shall be assisted by Scoreboard Keepers and Timekeepers.

• The Referee’s uniform shall conform with the dress code of the Organization.

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For the World Championships and Olympic Games, the time duration of contests is:•Senior Men and Women: 5 minutes real

contest time •Junior Men and Women: 4 minutes real

contest time

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The Referee shall announce Ippon when in his opinion the applied technique corresponds to the following criteria:• (a) When a contestant with control throws the other contestant largely on his back with considerable force and speed. •(b) When a contestant holds with Osaekomi-waza the other contestant, who is unable to get away for 25 seconds after the announcement of Osaekomi. •(c) When a contestant gives up by tapping twice or more with his hand or foot or says Maitta (I give up!) generally as a result of Osaekomi-waza, Shime-waza or Kansetsu-waza. •(d) When a contestant is incapacitated by the effect of a Shime-waza or Kansetsu-waza. Equivalence: Should one contestant be penalised with Hansoku-make, the other contestant shall immediately be declared the winner.

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The Referee shall announce Waza-ari when in his opinion the applied technique corresponds to the following criteria:• (a) When a contestant with control throws the other contestant, but the technique is partially lacking in one (1) of the other three (3) elements necessary for Ippon. •(b) When a contestant holds with Osaekomi-waza the other contestant who is unable to get away for 20 seconds or more, but less than 25 seconds. Equivalence: Should one contestant have been penalised three (3) Shidos, the other contestant shall receive Waza-ari immediately.

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The Referee shall announce Yuko when in his opinion the applied technique corresponds to the following criteria:•(a)When a contestant with control throws the other contestant, but the technique is partially lacking in two (2) of the other three (3) elements necessary for Ippon.•(b)When a contestant holds with Osaekomi-waza the other contestant who is unable to get away for 15 seconds or more but less than 20 seconds.

Equivalence: Should one contestant have been penalised two (2) Shidos, the other contestant shall receive Yuko immediately.

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The Referee shall announce Koka when in his opinion the applied technique corresponds to the following criteria:•(a)When a contestant with control throws the other contestant onto one shoulder, his thigh(s), or buttocks with speed and force.•(b)When a contestant holds with Osaekomi-waza the other contestant who is unable to get away for 10 seconds or more but less than 15 seconds.Equivalence: Should one contestant have been penalised one (1) Shido, the other contestant shall receive Koka immediately.

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• The Referee shall announce Osaekomi when in his opinion the applied technique corresponds with the following criteria:

• (a)The contestant being held must be controlled by his opponent and must have his back, both shoulders or one shoulder in contact with the Tatami.

• (b)The control can be made from the side, from the rear or from on top.

• (c)The contestant applying the hold must not have his leg(s) or body controlled by his opponent's legs.

• (d)At least one contestant must have some part of his body touching the contest area.

• (e)The contestant applying the hold must have his body in either the Kesa or the Shiho position, i.e. similar to the techniques Kesa-gatame or Kami-shiho-gatame.

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The Referee shall announce Sore-made and end the contest:•(a)When one contestant scores Ippon or Waza-ari-awasete-Ippon .•(b)In the case of Sogo-gachi.•(c)In the case of Kiken-gachi .•(d)In the case of Hansoku-make.•(e)When one contestant cannot continue due to injury.•(f)When the time allotted for the contest has expired.

The Referee shall award the contest as follows:1)Where one contestant has scored Ippon or equivalent, he shall be declared the winner.2)Where there has been no score of Ippon or equivalent, the winner shall be declared on the basis of: one Waza-ari prevails over any number of Yukos, one Yuko prevails over any number of Kokas.3)Where there are no recorded scores or the scores are exactly

the same under each point (Waza-ari, Yuko, Koka), the contest shall be decided by the “Golden Score” contest.

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• “Golden Score” Contest• The duration of the “Golden Score” contest shall be the same as for

the previous contest.• When the time allotted for the contest ends, the Referee shall

announce “Sore-made” to end the contest temporarily and the contestants shall return to their starting positions. The scoreboard and time clocks shall be reset, then the Referee shall immediately announce “Hajime” to restart the contest in the normal way. There shall be no rest period between the end of the original contest and the start of the “Golden Score” contest.

• The first score difference between the two (2) contestants during the “Golden Score” contest shall decide the contest. The contest ends as soon as a contestant gains any advantage.

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Men

Under 60 kg 60–66 kg 66–73 kg 73–81 kg 81–90 kg 90–100 kg Over

100 kg

Women

Under 48 kg 48–52 kg 52–57 kg 57–63 kg 63–70 kg 70–78 kg Over 78 kg

There are currently seven weight divisions, subject to change by governing bodies, and may be modified based on the age of the competitors:

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Under 14 Yr

Men

Under 25 kg 26–30 kg 31–35 kg 36–40 kg 41–45 kg 45–50 kg Over 50 kg

Women

Under 23kg 23–27 kg 28–32 kg 33–36 kg 36–40 kg 40–44 kg Over 44 kg

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Under 17&19 Yr

Men

Under 45 kg 45–50 kg 50–55 kg 55–60 kg 60–65 kg 65-71 Kg Over 72 kg

Women

Under 40kg 40–44 kg 44–48 kg 48–52 kg 52–56 kg 56–61 kg Over 61 kg

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• In Japan, the use of belt colors is related to the age of the student. Some clubs will only have black and white, others will include a brown belt for advanced kyū grades and at the elementary school level it is common to see a green belt for intermediate levels.

• In Judo the belt colors for kyu grades are white, yellow, orange, green, blue and brown.

• For dan ranks, the first five are coloured black, 6th, 7th, and 8thdan have alternating red and white panels (dandara), and for 9th and 10th dan the belts are solid red. However, holders of grades above godan (5th dan) will often wear a plain black belt in regular training.

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I m very thankful to regional office pune to give me a golden chance to meet and interact with newly young ,energetic and well knowledgeable Personalities of Samiti .I also very thankful to the principal Shree Lokhande sir of JNV-Dhanshura and staff for cooperating me

I also thankful to principal JNV-Junagadh Shree S G Gawai sir to inspire and help me.

And also thnkful to Ma Jigar Dafda of our Vidyalaya students presently in NIT-Surat(Computer Engg.).

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