Judaism: The Children of Israel (PPT)

the children of israelJudaism

Judaism …• presents itself as the relationship between

the Children of Israel (Jews) and God, the creator.

• is centered upon Israel, the land of the Jews.

• has influenced much of Islam and Christianity, two of today’s more dominant religions.

• and its practices and beliefs originated from Tanakh (the Hebrew Bible).

originsJudaism 1ESCAPE FROM

EGYPTFIRST TEMPLE

SECOND TEMPLE

THE DIASPORAERA OF

CONQUERORSRECOVERY

PERIODTHE JEWISH

STATE

Abraham widely regarded as the founder

of monotheism, about 4,000

years ago

God changed his name from

Abram to Abraham which means

“father of many”

it is said that all Jews are

descendants of him

Rameses


EGYPTFIRST TEMPLE

SECOND TEMPLE

THE DIASPORAERA OF

CONQUERORSRECOVERY

PERIODTHE JEWISH

STATE

David

Saul

David

Saul

Solomon

Solomon


EGYPTFIRST TEMPLE

SECOND TEMPLE

THE DIASPORAERA OF

CONQUERORSRECOVERY

PERIODTHE JEWISH

STATEBabyloni

ans

Destruction of the FirstTempleConstruction of the Second

Temple

EzraNehemiah

HaggaiZechariahMalachi

Cyrus the Great


EGYPTFIRST TEMPLE

SECOND TEMPLE

THE DIASPORAERA OF

CONQUERORSRECOVERY

PERIODTHE JEWISH

STATE Alexander the Great

Lusius ruthlessly suppressed a

Jewish revolt in Mesopotamia.

“Rebellion of the Exiled”

Simon bar Kokhba“Aelia

Capitolina”Hadrian

promised to rebuild the city.

“Ploughing up the Temple”

Hadrian abolished

circumcision, which he viewed

as mutilation.

1. The Great Revolt

2. Kitos War

3. Bar Kokhba’s

Revolt


EGYPTFIRST TEMPLE

SECOND TEMPLE

THE DIASPORAERA OF

CONQUERORSRECOVERY

PERIODTHE JEWISH

STATE

1. The Great Revolt66-73

Eliezar ben Hanania

Warriors sacrificed sacred birds in front of

a local synagogue

2. Kitos War115-117

Lusius Quietus

3. Bar Kokhba’s Revolt132-135


EGYPTFIRST TEMPLE

SECOND TEMPLE

THE DIASPORAERA OF

CONQUERORSRECOVERY

PERIODTHE JEWISH

STATE

1.Persians

2.Muslims

3.Crusaders

4.Ottoman Empire

1. Persians (614 CE)

General Shahrbaraz

•The Church of the Holy Sepulchre was burned.•The True Cross was captured.

2. Muslims (638 CE)

Caliph UmarDome of the Rock

3. Crusaders (1099 CE)

First CrusadesJerusalem was recaptured by the Christians.

The Dome of the Rock was converted into

a Church.

4. Ottoman Empire (1517 CE)

Sultan Selim


EGYPTFIRST TEMPLE

SECOND TEMPLE

THE DIASPORAERA OF

CONQUERORSRECOVERY

PERIODTHE JEWISH

STATE

Ottoman Empire• rebuilt the city, the

buildings and sacred places

• reinstated the markets

• refurbished the mosques

• Town planning order wherein

buildings are to be faced with

sandstone in order to

preserve the overall look of the

city.

• Hebrew University was

established.

arabs

jews

british

UN Partition for Palestine

jewish state

arab state


EGYPTFIRST TEMPLE

SECOND TEMPLE

THE DIASPORAERA OF

CONQUERORSRECOVERY

PERIODTHE JEWISH

STATE

UN Partition for Palestine

jewish state

arab state

War of Independenc

e

jews of israel

arabs of israel

egyptsyriairaq

lebanonjordan

Judaism is considered either as the first or one of the first monotheistic

religions.

basicsJudaism

GOD

sole creator of the

universe

indivisible deity

Judaism was founded by

Abraham about 4,000

years ago in West Asia.

2

basicsJudaism 2judaism christianity

says that no human can die for the

sins of others.

says that Christ died for the sins of mankind.

says that all humans are born pure

and innocent.

says that all humans are born with

the original sin.

says that God would not allow virgin birth.

says that Mary gave

birth, though a virgin.

says that no man gets a

second coming.

says that Jesus Christ would have a second coming.

says that the messiah would be a normal,

mortal man who would fulfill all

Jewish messianic prophecies in one normal, mortal

lifetime.

says that Jesus Christ is the

messiah and would fulfill the

prophecies when he returns.

Judaism

What is the difference between

Judaism and Christianity?

Christ

JUDAISM CHRISTIANITY

PEO

PLE

OF

ISR

AEL

The Israelites were settled in Egypt.

Moses led the Israelites to Canaan.

The Ten Commandments were given to Moses at Mount Sinai.

The Israelites reached the “promised Land”.

King David conquered Jerusalem.

Despite continuous invasions, Jews continued to grow in number.

Jesus Christ came into the picture.

basics 2

Synagogue – the place of worship of the Jews

basicsJudaism 2

Rabbi – leaders of the Jews– preachers of Judaism

Tanakh – the Hebrew Bible

basicsJudaism 2TaNaKh – the Hebrew

BibleT

a

N

a

K

h

orah (Teachings)

evi‘im (Prophets)

etuvim (Writings)

Torah

Covers the first 5 books of the Bible.

The Five Books of Moses

Beserith

(Genesis)

Shemot (Exodus)

Vayikra

(Leviticus)

Bamidbar

(Numbers)

Devarim

(Deuteronomy)

Beserith

Shemot

Vayikra

Bamidbar

Devarim

Nevi’imCovers the era

from the entrance of

the Israelites to the Land

until the Babylonian captivity of

Judah

21 books9 Earlier Prophets

(Joshua-Ezekiel)12 Later Prophets

(Hosea-Malachi)

Ketuvim

Covers the remaining 11 books

(Psalms-Chronicles I and II)

basicsJudaism 2The Ten

CommandmentsThe 13 Principles of

Faith

Kashrut

“Kosher”1) Mammals that BOTH ruminate (chew their cud) and have cloven

hooves can be kosher.

2) Birds must fit certain criteria:

- Birds of prey cannot be eaten.- Birds hatched with feathers and can walk soon are considered kosher.

3) Fish must have fins and scales in order to be kosher.

4) Meat and milk (or derivatives) cannot be

mixed.

5) Mammals and fowls must be slaughtered in a specific

fashion.

6) As much blood as possible should be

removed.

7) Utensils used in non-kosher meals are

considered non-kosher.

basicsJudaism 2

1) Brit milah or Zeved

habatBOYS (Brit milah)- circumcision on the 8th day

from birth

GIRLS (Zeved habat)- simple namegiving

2) Bar/Bat Mitzvah

BOYS (Bar Mitzvah)- age of majority is 13 years old

GIRLS (Bat Mitzvah)- age of majority is 12 years old

3) Shidduch

Jewish singles are introduced to one

another for the purpose of marriage

4) Marriage

Judaism traditionally considers marriage as an

ideal state of personal existence.

5) Bereavement

These refers to the series of stages in mourning the

death of a Jew.

jewish clothingJudaism 3kippah

tefillin

prayer shawl

Torah

tzitzit kippah

tefillinshawlTorahtzitzit

jewish holidaysJudaism 4shabbat “shavat” – ceasing from work

a Jew is freed from the regular

labors of everyday life

sundown of Friday until the

appearance of 3 stars in the

sky on Saturday

recalls the Biblical Creation

account of Genesis in the Bible

jewish holidaysJudaism 4shalosh regalimthree pilgrimage festivals

Passover14th - 21st of Nisan (March-

April)

Shavuot6th of Sivan (May-June)

Sukkot15th - 22nd of Tishrei (Sept-

October)

jewish holidaysJudaism 4hanukkah “The Festival of Lights”

Eight nights from the 25th of

Kislev (November-December)

Its official symbol is the

menorah.

It is said that the menorah’s fire

kept on burning for 8 days after

the victory of the Israelites over

the Seleucids (Romans).

Judaism is the 12th of the major religions in terms of number of

followers.

demographicsJudaism

41% are in Israel

40% are in USA

19% are in the other

countries

There are 13.2 million

Jews in the world.- 2007 Jewish People Policy Planning Institute

Jews make up roughly

1% of the world’s

population.- 2007 Jewish People Policy Planning Institute

5

The number of Jews is

declining at an average of

50,000 per year.

Judaism: The Children of Israel (PPT)

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