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Journal Entries of VAT>> JULY 4, 2013

Before knowing the journal entries, I am again explaining VAT. VAT is value addedtax. India is adopting VAT formula from western countries. Before this, sale taxwas collected. Value added tax is charged on purchase and sale. On purchase, itwill be VAT input. On sale, it will be VAT Output. Excess of VAT output over VATinput will deposit in state Govt. account. If you are buying or selling the Goodwhich are under VAT, you have to keep its record.

For recording, you have to pass following journal entries of VAT.

1. When Goods are bought and you have to pay both purchase value andVAT input or paid both, at that time, following journal entry will bepassed.

Purchase Account Dr. (Value of Purchase)VAT Input Account Dr. ( VAT on Purchase)Cash or Bank or Name of Creditor Account Cr. (Value of Purchase + VAT input)

Reason of this Journal Entry :

We have bought the goods, it increases our current asset. Increase of asset willalways debit. VAT input is also our current Asset or Negative Current Liabilitybecause We paid this to our creditor or supplier (for paying govt.) but still our netliability has not been fixed. If we received VAT output same to VAT input, then VATInput account will automatically written off. If VAT input will be more than VATOutput, we have to Get money from Govt. So, VAT input account will be Debit. Ifwe are final consumer, we need not show the VAT Input account, its cost will beincluded in purchase account. So, purchase expense will increase and debit in ourjournal entry.

2. When Goods are Sold and you have to receive both Sale Value and VATOutput or received both, at that time, following journal entry will bepassed

Cash or Bank or Name of Customer Account Dr. (Value of Purchase + VAT output)

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Sale Account Cr. (Value of Sale)VAT Output Account Cr. (VAT on Sale)

Reason of this Journal Entry :

When we sell any goods we receive cash or bank. If we sell the goods on credit,we have to get money from our customer. So, Receivable money from ourcustomer is just like given loan. So, it is also increase of our current asset. So, incase of cash sale, we will debit cash or bank account. In case of credit sale, we willdebit to debtor or customer account. We will credit to sale account because in sale,we transfer the ownership of goods to other party. So, it is decrease of our currentasset. So, sale account will be credit. All the amount of VAT which we will receiveon sale will not go to our pocket. It is the money of Govt. Because Govt. can notget the money of tax from each part, so, we have obtained the tax on the behalf ofGovt. So, it is increase in our current liability. So, this account will credit.

3. When We pay the Net VAT (Payable) to Government. At that time,following journal entry will be passed.

Net VAT Payable Account Dr. ( Excess of VAT Output over VAT Input)Bank Account Cr.

Reason of this Journal Entry :

When we will debit VAT Payable account, it means, we are decreasing our currenttax liability. Every payment through bank account will decrease our current asset,so bank account will credit. We have to show only excess of VAT output over VATInput because the VAT which we have to pay already through purchasing need topay again. So, we will deduct VAT input from VAT output.

4. When there is the Change in VAT input or VAT output Rates, at that timefollowing Entry will be passed.

I have already explained that State Govt. can change the VAT Rates and itsapplying date. So, if you have passed the journal entries with old rate, you need toadjust your VAT Entries. Different accounting software have different procedure toadjust it more fastly, you can learn the procedure at here. Adjustment journalentry will be different, if we have different case. Means, VAT input same butincreased VAT Output. Or VAT input increased but same the VAT Output. If bothVAT input and VAT out has increased. Following is its example

Because VAT is increased from 4% to 5%. It means net increase in input vat is only 1%. Totalpurchase is Rs. 1000. Total purchase's 1% is Rs. 10 and surcharge is 10% which is calculatedon Rs. 50 and it will be Rs. 5. So, total value of vat increase is Rs. 15.

It means our (creditors) current liability will increase. So,

VAT input account Dr. 15

Creditor Account Cr. 15

Accept the voucher entry.

Pass next voucher entry for adjusting vat output.

Because VAT Out is increased from 4% to 5%. It means net increase in Output vat is only 1%.Total sale is Rs. 2000. Total sale's 1% is Rs. 20 and surcharge is 10% which is calculated on Rs.100 and it will be Rs. 10. So, total value of vat increase is Rs. 20+ 10 = Rs. 30

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It means our (debtors) current asset will increase. So,

Debtor Account Dr. 30

Output VAT Account Cr. 30

Difference between VAT output and VAT input is Rs. 15 and if we pay this Rs. 15 to Govt.following entry will pass.

VAT Payable Account Dr. 15

Bank Account Cr. Rs. 15

Remind Above Journal Entries Again

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Written by Vinod KumarLabels: Accounting, journal entries, tax, VAT

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3 comments:

gurpreet kaur Mata, July 29, 2013 at 10:48 PM

very simple n well explained...Thanks a ton...

Anonymous, January 17, 2014 at 2:37 AM

Its been very informative, thanks aton for your kind help

Toye, March 16, 2014 at 1:32 PM

Your are right. We can also say that the VAT payable to the revenueauthority is VAT output - VAT input. It can also be referred to as NET VAT.

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