Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a...
Transcript of Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a...
![Page 1: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and
Physiologist see a computer differently? Objective #1:
Define Anatomy and
Physiology and describe
various specialties of each
discipline.
Identify the major levels of
organism organization from
the simplest to most complex
Identify the organ systems of
the human body and the
major components of each
system.
![Page 2: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Chapter 1- An Introduction
to Anatomy & Physiology
Part 1: * Interactive notes to correspond
with pages 4 - 10
![Page 3: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
An Introduction to Studying the Human
Body
Anatomy- the study of the structures of the body and their relationship to each other
Gross Anatomy- MACROSCOPIC Surface- or superficial
Regional- focusing on specific areas of the body
Systemic- how organ groups function together
Developmental- focus on changes between conception and maturity also known as embryology
Microscopic Anatomy- Needs Magnification Cytology- analysis of cells
Histology- examination of tissues
![Page 4: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
An Introduction to Studying the Human
Body
Physiology – studies the functions of the
human body
Cell- analyzes the chemical processes within and
between cells
Special – specialized or focuses on specific
organs
Systemic – includes the functioning of entire
organ systems
Pathological – studies the effect of diseases on
organs and organ systems
![Page 5: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Levels of Organization
Chemical or Molecular
Cellular
Tissues
Organs
Organ systems
Organism
![Page 6: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Journal #1: What is a thermostat? How
does it work? What is it’s purpose? Objective 1:
Explain Homeostasis and
it’s significance for
organisms.
Describe how negative
and positive feedback
are involved in
homeostatic regulation.
FUN FACT: The
human head
remains conscious
for 15-20 seconds
after it has been
decapitated.
![Page 19: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Chapter 1- An Introduction to
Anatomy & Physiology
Part 2 Homeostasis: * Interactive notes to correspond
with pages 11-14
![Page 20: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Homeostasis
A condition in which the
internal environment of the body(extracellular fluid) remains constant.
Chemical composition
Temperature
Pressure
A failure to maintain homeostasis results in DEATH!!!
How does a jellyfish maintain homeostasis?
![Page 21: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Homeostatic regulation
The adjustment of physiological systems to
maintain homeostasis.
Autoregulation- cell, tissue, organ, or organ
system adjust in response to change.
Extrinsic Regulation- nervous or endocrine
systems adjust the activities of multiple systems
simultaneously.
![Page 22: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Homeostatic Regulatory Mechanism
Receptor
Senses environmental
change
External stimuli
Control Center
Receives & processes
stimuli
Sends out command
Effector
Cell or organ that
responds to a command
![Page 23: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Negative Feedback
Primary mechanism of homeostatic
regulation
A stimulus produces a response that opposes the
original stimulus
Example: Control of Body Temperature
![Page 25: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
![Page 26: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Positive Feedback
Rare
Stimulus creates a
response that
enhances the original
condition rather than
opposing it
Can be dangerous or
common in stressful
conditions
![Page 27: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Systems Integration, Equilibrium,
& Homeostasis
Occurs when opposing
processes or forces are
in balance
Loss of Homeostasis
indicates system
abnormality- disease or
damage.
![Page 28: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Journal #4: Describe how to get to
student services from here.
So…about 60% of
our bodies are water.
What would be your
dry weight?
Objective:
Use anatomical terms to
describe body sections,
regions, and positions
Identify the major body
cavities and their
subdivisions.
![Page 29: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Chapter 1- An Introduction to
Anatomy & Physiology
Part 3 Frames of Reference: * Interactive notes
to correspond with pages 15-22
Anatomy uses a special language to describe
body sections, regions, and relative positions.
Review Figures 1-6, 1-7, 1-8, 1-9, & 1-10
![Page 30: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Anatomical Position
Hands at side, palms
facing forward
Standing front = anterior
Standing back = posterior
Laying face up = supine
Laying face down = prone
![Page 31: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Anatomical
Landmarks
Based on the structure
it is located on or near
Example: Gluteus or
buttock region near
gluteus muscles
![Page 32: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Anatomical Regions
Clinicians use 4
quadrants
Useful reference for
description of pain or
injury.
RLQ tenderness is a
symptom of Appendicitis
Anatomists us 9
abdominopelvic regions
![Page 33: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Anatomical Directions
![Page 34: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Sectional Anatomy 3 planes needed to describe a 3 dimensional object
Transverse - cross section
Frontal- cut in half front & back
Sagittal- cut in half with 2 equal sides
![Page 35: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Ventral
Thoracic
Abdominopelvic
Dorsal
Cranial Cavity
Vertebral Cavity
Internal chambers with 2 functions:
Protect delicate organs
Allow for change in shape or size of internal organs without
disruption of surrounding tissues
Body Cavities (Spaces)
![Page 36: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
![Page 37: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Membranes
Isolate and protect the organs
Serous Membranes
Visceral- next to the organ
Parietal- next to the wall of the cavity
![Page 38: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Ventral Body Cavity (coelom)
Divided by the
diaphragm into the
Thoracic cavity
Pericardial cavity
- heart
Pleural Cavity -
lungs
Abdominopelvic
cavity
![Page 39: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Mediastinum
Divides thoracic cavity
into 2 pleural cavities
mediastinum divides thoracic cavity into 2
pleural cavities
![Page 40: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Abdominopelvic Cavity
Peritoneal
Abdominal
Liver
Stomach
Spleen
Intestines
Pelvic
Intestines
Bladder
Reproductive organs
![Page 41: Journal #1: How might an Anatomist and Physiologist see a ...tokaybiology.weebly.com/uploads/5/5/6/7/55670355/ch.1_intro_and... · Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe various](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030413/5a9e81257f8b9a6c178b70fc/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Journal #5: Which 2 cavities are in the
thoracic cavity? Which 2 are in the
abdominopelvic?
Fun Fact: The human
brain cell can hold 5 times as
much information as the
Encyclopedia Britannica.
Scientists have yet to settle on
a definitive amount, but the
storage capacity of the brain in
electronic terms is thought to
be between 3 or even 1,000
terabytes.
Objective:
Use anatomical terms to
describe body sections,
regions, and positions
Identify the major body
cavities and their
subdivisions.